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This study aims to describe Sundanese language learning discourse in the eleventh grade at SMA Negeri 8 Bandung city based on the components of learning discourse. The study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through observation using the non-participatory observation method (SBLC) and recording techniques. The data consisted of recorded utterances during Sundanese language learning activities, which were then transcribed into written form. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis and hermeneutic techniques. The results showed that the learning process consisted of opening, core, and closing activities using the Cooperative Learning model. The components of learning discourse identified included opening and closing conversations, participant cooperation, speech acts, and the nature of utterance sequences. The interaction demonstrated the use of quantity and quality maxims, locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary speech acts, as well as chained utterance sequences in the form of question-and-answer interactions between teacher and students. The findings also revealed that the learning process tended to be teacher-centered, as the teacher was more dominant in directing classroom interaction, although the communication remained interactive and supported the achievement of learning objectives.

The escalation of negative sentiment in the digital space towards Rohingya refugees in Indonesia throughout 2023-2026 has reflected a shift in public perspectives, from humanitarian principles to restictive rejection. This study aims to analyze how digital discourse on TikTok dan Instagram platforms frames the Rohingyan refugee issue as a national security threat through the lens of Barry Buzan`s Securitization Theory and Ruth Wodak`s Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK). This study uses qualitative methods with note-taking techniques and filtering hastag-based viral data related to refugee rejection. The results show that the securitization process was successfully driven by three main typologies of netizen narratives: domestic socio-economic jealousy, delegetimization of Internasional authorities (UNHCR) by referring to popular legal discourse on the 1945 Constitution, and demands for an active role for the military (TNI AL) and Polair at maritime borders. The accumulation of speech acts that have gone viral on social media is evidence of the creation of strong horizontal pressure, thus urging the Indonesian goverment to review its policies towards a more restrictive direction (viral-based policy) to prioritize national soverignity and security over global humanitarian commitments.

In everyday life, communication is not merely used to convey information, but also conveys specific intentions or actions that are realized through spoken utterances. In the study of pragmatics, these actions are known as speech acts, which can be performed through direct or indirect speech act strategies. These two strategies have different meanings and are understood based on the conversational context. The Indonesian version of the film “Miracle in Cell No. 7” was chosen as the subject of this study because it features various interactions among characters set against diverse emotional, social, and legal contexts, thereby allowing for the emergence of various speech act strategies. This study aims to describe the forms of direct and indirect speech act strategies and to explain the meanings contained in the characters’ utterances in the film “Miracle in Cell No. 7.” This study employs a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques conducted through observation and note-taking. The results indicate that direct speech act strategies are used to clearly convey intentions, such as commands and prohibitions, while indirect speech act strategies are used to convey intentions implicitly, such as empathy, polite requests, and expressions of regret.

This study aims to examine the forms and functions of representative speech acts in educational-themed video podcasts published on the Kampus Merdeka YouTube channel. This research is grounded in the phenomenon of social media, particularly YouTube, as a means of interactive, participatory communication and learning. In this context, the language used is key to conveying information authentically and responsibly. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through listening and note-taking. The research data consists of utterances containing representative speech acts, such as explaining, stating, informing, mentioning, acknowledging, giving examples, and speculating. Analysis was carried out using the matching method to identify the meaning and function of the utterances based on their context. The results show that representative speech acts play an important role in conveying information and views objectively, as well as strengthening the credibility of the source in the educational context. Through representative speech acts, the message conveyed becomes clearer, more convincing, and more relevant to the topic of discussion. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of effective communication strategies in educational digital media and serve as a reference for educational content creators in the digital era

This study analyzes pragmatic phenomena in digital communication, particularly those related to speech acts and their impact on public perception in the controversial case of an ice cube seller accused without clear basis by the authorities. This study applies a qualitative approach with a pragmatic analysis method based on discourse analysis. Data sources were obtained from online media news, social media posts, and official statements circulating in the digital public space. The analysis techniques used include identifying types of speech acts, interpreting implied meanings based on context, and analyzing public responses. The results show that statements from the authorities contain implications that trigger negative views even though they are not supported by strong evidence. This results in perlocutionary effects in the form of social stigma, reputational damage, and psychological stress for the victim. Conversely, the victim's communication strategies, which include being polite, defensive, and informative, can build a positive image and attract public sympathy. Furthermore, social media plays a crucial role in accelerating the spread of meaning and strengthening the construction of opinions through mass support and criticism. This research makes a significant contribution to enriching the study of pragmatics in the context of digital communication and emphasizes the importance of language ethics, media literacy, and pragmatic awareness in creating responsible public communication.

Language serves as the most effective means of communication in everyday life, including within the context of early childhood education. One of the linguistic fields that examines language use is pragmatics, and one of its key focuses is directive speech acts, which function to guide interlocutors in performing specific actions. This study aims to describe the forms of directive speech acts found on the YouTube platform Kinderflix, which features educational videos for early childhood learners. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through observation and note-taking techniques, and analyzed using the distributional method. The findings reveal three types of directive speech acts, namely questions, commands, and requests. The results contribute to enriching the study of pragmatics, particularly in the area of directive speech acts. Furthermore, this research is expected to serve as a reference for content creators to pay closer attention to linguistic aspects in producing educational materials for early childhood. It is also hoped that this study can be further developed and serve as a useful foundation for future research.

This study aims to describe and identify the forms of locutionary speech acts that appear in Civic Education learning videos on the Kejarcita YouTube channel. Kejarcita is a YouTube channel that provides learning educational content for both senior high school and junior high school students. The language style used in the videos is highly engaging, beginning with a friendly greeting and informal style, such as “teman kece”, followed by questions that serve as an interactive means encourage viewers to think. The results of this study serve as a reference for gaining knowledge and understanding of the use of locutionary speech acts in learning videos on the Kejarcita channel. They may also be used as a reference for other researches who wish to conduct similar studies in the field of pragmatics or digital learning media. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a pragmatic approach. The data consist of utterances containing locutionary acts, taken from Civic Education learning videos on the Kejarcita YouTube channel. Based on the results of the analysis, 191 data points were obtained, namely (1) locutionary speech acts intended to inform, totaling 63 occurrences; (2) locutionary speech acts intended to explain, totaling 49 occurrences; (3) locutionary speech acts intended to ask, totaling 34 occurrences; (4) locutionary speech acts intended to invite, totaling 27 occurrences; and (5) locutionary speech acts intended to remind, totaling 18 occurrences.

Pragmatics not only highlights language structure, but also the speaker's purpose and intention in a communication event. This study on representative and directive speech acts in the “Belajar Jadi MC” playlist on Maya Rachma's YouTube channel is important because social media, especially YouTube, has developed into an influential public space that shapes people's perspectives. This scientific article uses a theoretical approach in the form of a pragmatic approach and a methodological approach, namely a qualitative descriptive approach.  The techniques used by the researcher were the Simak Bebas Libat Cakap (SBLC) technique and the note-taking technique. These two techniques were used because the author did not interact directly but only listened and took notes from existing data. The results of the study found 8 types of representative speech acts and 4 types of directive speech acts. There were 65 representative speech acts, including 9 informative speech acts, 12 suggestive speech acts, 13 mentioning speech acts, 9 stating speech acts, 6 exemplifying speech acts, 9 explaining speech acts, 4 showing speech acts, and 3 speculating speech acts. Meanwhile, there were 33 instances of directive speech acts, including 9 requests, 7 invitations, 8 commands, and 9 orders. The author hopes that this research can be used as a reference for further studies on representative and directive speech acts and increase knowledge and insight in the field of pragmatics, especially in the study of representative and directive speech acts.  

The research conducted this time aims to analyze both directive and expressive speech acts in the drama script 'Ayahku Pulang' by Usmar Ismail. The background factor of this research is to investigate the relationship between the dialogues of the characters in the drama script and the concepts of directive speech acts and expressive speech acts in the process of social interaction. The purpose of this research is to significantly contribute to the field of pragmatics and speech acts, to find out the frequency of the existence of directive and expressive speech acts in the drama script, and to provide references and new data analysis in pragmatics. The research was conducted by referring to a qualitative descriptive approach and a theoretical approach using a pragmatic approach. The data collection process was conducted using the listening and note-taking methods, and subsequent data analysis employed the distribution method. Based on the analysis carried out, data were obtained for 28 directive speech acts and 31 expressive speech acts, which will then be classified in more detail according to their types. It is hoped that this research will be beneficial both from a scientific and societal perspective, enriching the literature on pragmatic studies, helping to improve public understanding of speech acts, and raising awareness of the importance of analyzing drama scripts as a representation of everyday social interactions in society.

Speech acts are actions or processes performed by speakers to convey messages and information to their interlocutors using language as a medium. This study examines one type of speech act, namely expressive speech acts. This study aims to classify and identify the types of expressive speech acts in episodes 1 to 5 of the Academy of Champions, a program from the Ruangguru educational competition, which was uploaded to YouTube. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a pragmatic approach. Data were collected using the free listening and note-taking techniques, as the researcher was not directly involved in the event. Data analysis was conducted using the pragmatic matching technique, in which the speaker and interlocutor served as the primary tools for interpretation. The data are presented formally in tables and informally in narratives. The results of the study on expressive speech acts in the educational competency program in the Academy of Champions by Ruangguru video found 198 expressive speech acts consisting of 10 types, namely saying thank you (28 utterances), congratulating (7 utterances), blaming (6 utterances), praising (71 utterances), belittling (11 utterances), feeling guilty (9 utterances), complaining (28 utterances), apologizing (13 utterances), greeting (16 utterances), and feeling proud (9 utterances). Praise speech acts are the most dominant type found in this study. The results of this study are expected to provide an understanding of and knowledge in the field of pragmatics, serving as a valuable source of information for students to analyze expressive speech acts further.

In conveying messages, speakers use utterances. Utterances are forms of speech that contain various communicative functions according to the context and purpose of communication. Speech acts are the main element in verbal interactions that reflect social actions in the form of speech. Speech acts are actions manifested in the form of speech that have a special meaning. One type of speech act is the illocutionary speech act. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the types and forms of illocutionary speech acts in negotiation texts in the revised edition of Indonesian language books. This research method uses qualitative descriptions and pragmatic analysis. Data collection in this study uses reading and note-taking techniques and purposive sampling. Based on the data analysis, the author has identified 171 illocutionary speech acts, including assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. Based on the research, the author found that assertive, directive, and expressive speech acts predominate. Commissive speech acts numbered twenty-seven, and declarative speech acts numbered the least, namely seven. This research is expected to provide students with an understanding of the types of illocutionary speech acts, enhance their knowledge, and enable them to use them effectively and correctly.

This research aims to describe the forms and functions of representative speech acts found in the YouTube video “The Basic Concept of Understanding Humans” by Cania Citta. The study arises from the phenomenon of digital communication, which demonstrates a shift in speech patterns from merely delivering information to constructing intellectual discourse that is both reflective and argumentative. A descriptive qualitative method with a pragmatic approach was employed. The data, consisting of representative utterances, were collected through observation and note-taking techniques on video transcripts, then analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, which involves data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the dominant representative speech acts include stating, explaining, reporting, concluding, and speculating. Each utterance functions not only to convey information but also to build rational argumentation and foster critical awareness among audiences regarding the concept of humanity. Illocutionarily, these utterances perform informative, argumentative, and reflective functions, emphasizing the speaker’s epistemic responsibility toward the truth of the propositions delivered. The perlocutionary effects include an increased interest and heightened critical awareness among audiences concerning philosophical issues about human nature. This study contributes to the development of pragmatic studies, particularly in understanding the role of language as an instrument of knowledge and persuasion in digital media.

Curiosity is a very important capital to start learning. Because, with curiosity, humans can dig up interesting information and tips so that they can gain broader insight. In this sophisticated era, it is easier for people to find the information they need. One media that is often used to access information is YouTube. There are many videos on YouTube that can provide interesting and quality information, one of which is Maudy Ayunda's video. This research aims to describe the forms of assertive speech acts contained in the booklist edition of Maudy Ayunda's YouTube channel. The approach used in this research is methodological and theoretical. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach and a pragmatic approach. The data collection method used in this research was the observation method, followed by the observation technique. The data analysis method in this research is the pragmatic subtype. The research results found that there were types of assertive speech acts including, namely, assertive speech acts stating 31 data, suggesting 11 data, boasting that no data was found, complaining about 5 data, and claiming 14 data.

Curiosity is a very important capital to start learning. Because, with curiosity, humans can dig up interesting information and tips so that they can gain broader insight. In this sophisticated era, it is easier for people to find the information they need. One media that is often used to access information is YouTube. There are many videos on YouTube that can provide interesting and quality information, one of which is Maudy Ayunda's video. This research aims to describe the forms of assertive speech acts contained in the booklist edition of Maudy Ayunda's YouTube channel. The approach used in this research is methodological and theoretical. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach and a pragmatic approach. The data collection method used in this research was the observation method, followed by the observation technique. The data analysis method in this research is the pragmatic subtype. The research results found that there were types of assertive speech acts including, namely, assertive speech acts stating 31 data, suggesting 11 data, boasting that no data was found, complaining about 5 data, and claiming 14 data.

This research explores assertive speech acts found on the Satu Persen YouTube Channel, particularly in the video titled “Strategies to Increase Productivity.” Assertive speech acts are considered significant as they serve to deliver information, clarification, and recommendations that can influence the audience’s perceptions and behaviors. The main objective of this study is to identify the forms of assertive speech acts that appear and explain their functions in reinforcing educational and motivational messages. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach using observation and note-taking techniques. The data, taken from utterances in four purposively selected videos, were transcribed and categorized according to the types of assertive speech acts. The findings reveal a total of 194 assertive speech acts encompassing various forms, including stating, demanding, admitting, reporting, showing, mentioning, testifying, and speculating. Among these, the stating form appeared most frequently with 73 occurrences, followed by admitting, saying, and speculating. These results suggest that the creator focuses on delivering factual, logical, and structured information to facilitate audience comprehension. Overall, this study emphasizes the crucial role of assertive speech acts in conveying educational and motivational messages while demonstrating YouTube’s potential as an effective medium for academic communication and contributing to the advancement of pragmatic studies.

This study aims to describe representative speech acts in a video with the theme of in-depth learning design on the Diklat Online YouTube Channel. The background of this study is rooted in the important role of language in social interaction and the importance of speech acts as one aspect in pragmatic studies. In the realm of digital media, people see YouTube as the right platform to analyze speech acts because it is able to facilitate interactions between speakers and interlocutors through its videos. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with the main data sources in the form of three podcast videos from the Diklat Online channel, August 2025 edition. Data were obtained through listening and note-taking techniques, then analyzed using the pragmatic equivalent method to classify the forms of representative speech acts. The results of the study found 33 representative speech act data divided into nine categories, namely stating (9), suggesting (3), demanding (3), showing (2), informing (8), mentioning (3), explaining (2), speculating (1), and giving examples (2). Of all, the speech act "stating" emerged as the most dominant type. The research conclusion confirms that representative speech acts have an important role in strengthening the validity of knowledge, supporting message clarity, and building a communicative, reflective, and meaningful learning atmosphere for the audience, thus making a real contribution to the effectiveness of educational communication in digital media.

Language is the primary tool of communication, serving to convey human ideas, feelings, and thoughts in social interaction. One important study in pragmatics is speech acts, particularly expressive speech acts, which express the speaker's psychological state thru utterances. This research focuses on analyzing the expressive speech acts found in the YouTube channel Hujan Tanda Tanya, an educational channel managed by Rousyan Fikri, also known as Hutata. The objectives of this research are (1) to describe the types of expressive speech acts found on the Hujan Tanda Tanya YouTube channel and (2) to identify the forms of these expressive speech acts. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with content analysis techniques applied to three videos uploaded on that channel. The research results show that there are five forms of expressive speech acts, namely complaining, expressing gratitude, praising, and supporting, with a total of 25 utterance data. The most dominant form of expressive speech act is praise, as the content in this channel provides a lot of positive encouragement to its viewers. This research is beneficial for enriching the study of pragmatics, particularly in understanding the application of expressive speech acts in digital media, and serves as a reference for discourse analysis on other educational platforms.

This study examines directive speech acts in the drama script Nyonya-Nyonya by Wisran Hadi, aiming to describe their forms and functions within the characters’ dialogues. The research focuses on the significance of understanding language functions in social and literary contexts, where directive speech acts reflect power relations, cultural values, and social dynamics among female characters. The study employs a pragmatic approach with a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected through documentation and note-taking techniques on the drama script and analyzed using a pragmatic equivalent method to interpret utterances based on the context of the speaker, interlocutor, and situation. The results indicate 92 instances of directive speech acts divided into eleven categories: requesting, ordering, demanding, challenging, commanding, urging, coercing, forbidding, signaling, advising, and suggesting. These utterances demonstrate how language functions as a tool of social control, an expression of authority, and a reflection of moral values within society. This research enriches the field of literary pragmatics and provides practical contributions to Indonesian language education, particularly in understanding language functions in social interaction and literary works.

The rapid development of communication technology in the digital era has had a significant impact on people's interaction patterns. One of the important aspects in this case is its influence on communication behavior, both in social, economic, and political life. The Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE) which was passed in Indonesia in 2008, acts as a regulation to regulate the use of communication technology, especially in cyberspace, with the aim of protecting the public from misuse of technology such as defamation, fraud, and hate speech. This research aims to analyze how the influence of the ITE Law on changes in community interaction patterns in digital space, both positively and negatively. Research results show that although the ITE Law provides a clear legal framework, there are challenges in its implementation that have the potential to hinder freedom of opinion and change the way people interact online. On the other hand, this regulation also spurs the public to be more careful and responsible in communicating through digital platforms.  

Workplace microaggressions represent subtle and ambiguous forms of interpersonal mistreatment that are frequently normalized in organizational interactions, yet may generate significant psychological consequences for employees. While research in industrial and organizational psychology has extensively examined related constructs such as workplace incivility and ostracism, the linguistic mechanisms through which microaggressions operate remain underexplored. This study aims to systematically review Indonesian-language journal articles published between 2015 and 2025 that address workplace microaggressions and related phenomena, by conceptualizing microaggressions as speech acts. Using a systematic literature review approach guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework, relevant peer-reviewed articles were identified, screened, and analyzed through thematic synthesis. The review focuses on three main aspects: linguistic forms of microaggressions, contexts in which they emerge, and their psychological consequences in formal organizational settings, including companies and educational institutions. The findings indicate that workplace microaggressions are predominantly realized through indirect and ambiguous communicative practices, such as dismissive remarks, stereotypical humor, and interactional exclusion, often occurring within hierarchical relationships and formal work situations. These communicative acts are consistently associated with negative psychological outcomes, including stress, emotional exhaustion, reduced wellbeing, and withdrawal-related work attitudes. By integrating industrial-organizational psychology with linguistic-pragmatic perspectives, this review highlights language as a central mechanism through which microaggressions produce psychological harm at work. The study contributes a conceptual synthesis that underscores the importance of addressing everyday communicative practices in organizational interventions aimed at fostering psychological safety and employee wellbeing.