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This study aims to examine the role of Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah (Aswaja) An-Nahdliyah in strengthening religious moderation among young people amid increasingly complex, pluralistic, and digitalized societies. Globalization, advances in information technology, and easy access to diverse religious perspectives through digital media have influenced the religious attitudes and behaviors of younger generations, highlighting the need to reinforce moderate religious values. Aswaja An-Nahdliyah promotes the principles of tawassuth (moderation), tasamuh (tolerance), tawazun (balance), and i'tidal (justice) as the foundation for social, national, and civic life. This study employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected from books, scientific articles, official documents, and relevant literature on Aswaja An-Nahdliyah and religious moderation. The data were analyzed using content analysis to identify the contribution of Aswaja values in fostering moderate attitudes among young people. The findings indicate that Aswaja An-Nahdliyah plays a strategic role in internalizing inclusive, contextual, and tolerant Islamic values through formal and non-formal education, youth organizations, religious study groups, and digital media. The implementation of these values enhances tolerance, respect for diversity, patriotism, and critical awareness among young people in confronting radical and intolerant ideologies, thereby supporting the development of a harmonious and peaceful pluralistic society.

Indonesia is currently experiencing an emergency situation regarding sexual violence, which compromises national social resilience. The enactment of the Sexual Violence Crimes Law (UU TPKS) creates new legal mandates for healthcare professionals. Midwives, serving as frontline providers in primary care and remote areas, act as the first professional contact for survivors, yet they lack adequate legal certainty regarding medico-legal duties and preparedness within the midwifery educational framework. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the regulatory synchronization concerning the limited medico-legal authority of midwives in implementing the UU TPKS and to formulate reconstruction strategies for professional standards and the national midwifery curriculum. Methods: This normative juridical (doctrinal) research utilizes statute, conceptual, analytical, and comparative approaches. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively-normatively through systematic and teleological interpretations, evaluated using coherence and prescriptive frameworks. Results: The study reveals a significant disharmony of norms between the UU TPKS and Minister of Health Regulation (Permenkes) No. 2 of 2025, which imposes bureaucratic barriers on safe abortion access for rape victims. Additionally, the Midwife Professional Standards (Kepmenkes No. 320/2020) fail to integrate basic clinical forensic authorities, compounded by a national techno-centric curriculum that overlooks Trauma-Informed Care (TIC). Conclusions: Legal certainty for midwives and comprehensive justice for survivors can only be accomplished by reconstructing inclusive competency standards, eliminating administrative boundaries through the "Medical First" principle, and integrating primary health law and trauma-sensitive care modules into the national midwifery curriculum.

Urban poverty remains a complex social problem that affects various community groups, including scavengers who work within the informal sector. This study aims to analyze the survival strategies of scavengers in Tangerang City and reflect on their experiences from a Christian theological perspective. The research uses a qualitative approach through literature study and descriptive analysis of relevant social phenomena. The findings show that scavengers develop several survival strategies, including utilizing family and community networks, working persistently, selecting strategic collection areas, managing limited income, and adapting to uncertain environmental and economic conditions. Nevertheless, scavengers continue to face social marginalization, economic vulnerability, occupational risks, limited access to health services, and inadequate social protection. From a Christian theological perspective, this reality calls for a response grounded in love, justice, human dignity, and concern for marginalized communities. Therefore, churches, local communities, and wider society are expected to participate actively in empowering scavengers through holistic, inclusive, and contextual approaches that strengthen welfare, social recognition, and sustainable livelihoods.

This research examines the potential application of the Right to Be Forgotten (RTBF) in Indonesia's criminal justice system, focusing on individuals who have been acquitted or have completed their sentences. The study explores the legal, social, and ethical implications of RTBF in relation to criminal records, aiming to assess how it could support the rehabilitation and reintegration of acquitted individuals. In Indonesia, criminal records often remain publicly accessible long after a person has been legally exonerated, creating barriers to social reintegration due to the stigma associated with past accusations. The study investigates the gaps in the current legal framework, such as the lack of provisions for the removal or anonymization of criminal records for acquitted individuals, and explores how RTBF could promote justice and fairness. The research uses a literature review methodology, analyzing relevant legal texts including Law No. 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, and the 1945 Indonesian Constitution. The review critically evaluates the challenges and opportunities of implementing RTBF, focusing on balancing privacy rights with public safety concerns. The findings suggest that RTBF could reduce the negative impact of criminal records on individuals who have been acquitted, facilitating their reintegration into society. However, the study also highlights the challenges in implementing RTBF due to societal and legal factors. Legal reforms recommendations allow individuals to request the removal of criminal records, aligning Indonesia's legal system with international human rights standards.

In contemporary legal systems, social conflict between the state and indigenous communities is a complicated matter, especially when it comes to the acknowledgement and defense of indigenous peoples' rights to land, natural resources, and cultural identity. Indigenous peoples' rights, which before the establishment of the modern state, are frequently disregarded by imbalances in official policies that prioritize development interests. In this context, legal reconciliation is a relevant approach to resolving these conflicts in a just and sustainable manner. Legal reconciliation emphasizes the integration of customary law into the national legal system and the harmonization of state policies and the interests of indigenous peoples to create a more inclusive legal order. The study of legal standards relevant to resolving disputes between the state and indigenous peoples is the main emphasis of this research, which employs a normative juridical approach. The approach used in this research includes an analysis of national legislation, international legal instruments related to indigenous peoples' rights, and relevant legal doctrines. Using a statute approach and a conceptual approach, this research explores how legal reconciliation can be implemented in resolving social conflicts. Furthermore, this research highlights the role of legal principles such as restorative justice, legal pluralism, and recognition of indigenous peoples' rights in developing more effective conflict resolution mechanisms. This analysis is expected to establish a strong legal foundation for promoting more inclusive and socially just legal policies for indigenous peoples.

This study aims to analyze the process of internalizing legal values in the formation of a culture of law-abidingness by emphasizing the perspective of civic responsibility and the Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory approach. The main problem studied is how legal values are not only understood normatively, but also internalized in the individual and collective consciousness of society, thus giving rise to sustainable law-abiding behavior. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with strengthening conceptual and sociological analysis of legal dynamics in society. The results show that the internalization of legal values is a multidimensional process involving cognitive, affective, and spiritual aspects, which are influenced by education, the social environment, role models, and the consistency of law enforcement. In the context of civic responsibility, a culture of law-abidingness is not only formal compliance with regulations, but also reflects moral awareness and active participation of citizens in maintaining social order. Meanwhile, Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory offers an integrative paradigm that combines the normative dimensions of sharia with social reality, through a comparative approach of schools of thought, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, and an orientation toward the welfare of the people. This research emphasizes that the formation of an effective culture of law-abidingness requires a holistic and contextual approach, in which law is understood as a living and adaptive social instrument. Thus, the internalization of legal values based on civic responsibility and an Islamic sociological jurisprudence approach can encourage the realization of substantive justice, high legal awareness, and a civilized and sustainable social order.    

Digital transformation in the judicial system represents a strategic step to improve the quality of legal services in Indonesia. One of the innovations implemented by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia is the E-Court system, which enables case administration and court proceedings to be conducted electronically. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of E-Court in realizing the principles of simple, fast, and low-cost justice, as well as to identify the obstacles faced by parties who do not utilize the system. The research method employed is a normative legal approach, involving the analysis of statutory regulations and scholarly literature. The results indicate that, normatively, E-Court has been effective in supporting judicial efficiency; however, in practice, it still encounters various challenges, including technical, social, and institutional aspects. These obstacles vary among different legal subjects, namely advocates, individuals, private legal entities, and government legal entities. Therefore, comprehensive efforts are required to optimize the implementation of E-Court to ensure that the objectives of judicial reform can be fully achieved. Furthermore, the findings reveal that, from a normative perspective, E-Court provides a more efficient mechanism compared to conventional systems, particularly in terms of case administration and communication between parties. However, this effectiveness has not been evenly realized due to constraints such as the digital divide, limited technological infrastructure, and low user readiness. Consequently, the implementation of E-Court still requires reinforcement in both technical and cultural aspects to ensure optimal accessibility for all segments of society.

This study aims to examine the position of Pancasila as a grundnorm within the Indonesian constitutional system and the role of Islamic Religious Education as an ethical foundation in strengthening constitutional principles from the perspective of Islamic sociological legal theory. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach using library research, involving the analysis of various relevant literature sources. The findings indicate that Pancasila plays a fundamental role in the Indonesian legal system, serving as the highest norm in the hierarchy of laws, while also functioning as an ethical guideline in the life of the nation and the state. Islamic Religious Education plays a significant role in shaping the moral constitution through the understanding of values such as honesty, justice, responsibility, and trustworthiness, in line with the principles of Pancasila. The integration of Pancasila values and Islamic teachings, viewed through the lens of sociological law, demonstrates that effective law is not merely normative but also responsive to social realities. Therefore, Islamic sociological legal theory can strengthen the Indonesian constitutional system through the integration of normative, moral, and sociological values, resulting in a more responsive, just, and contextually relevant legal system.

This study aims to analyze the position of customary law in the new Criminal Code and the integration of restorative justice in resolving criminal cases in Indonesia. The method used is a qualitative approach with normative juridical research through legislative and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that the new Criminal Code recognizes living law, including customary law, as part of the national legal system. However, its status remains complementary and subordinate to state law. The integration of restorative justice into the criminal justice system is a progressive step that emphasizes restoring relationships between perpetrators, victims, and the community. This approach aligns with customary law values ​​that prioritize deliberation, balance, and social harmony. However, its implementation still faces various challenges, such as unclear regulations, limited official capacity, and potential conflicts with human rights principles. Therefore, regulatory strengthening, procedural standardization, and institutional capacity building are needed to ensure the integration of customary law and restorative justice can be implemented effectively, fairly, and sustainably within the Indonesian criminal justice system.

This article discusses the relevance of the concept of the bonum commune (the common good) in the thought of Thomas Aquinas as a moral foundation in the era of digital disruption. The era of digital disruption is characterised by profound changes in the way humans live, interact, and utilise technology. Amidst these developments, a weak moral foundation has led to a lack of technological orientation towards the common good. Without a fundamental moral foundation, technology will be directed solely towards profitability, disregarding human values and fostering an individualistic society. This study employs a qualitative method based on a literature review, analysed through a hermeneutic reading of Aquinas’s principal work, the *Summa Theologica*, as well as literature on digital ethics. The results of the study indicate that the bonum commune is a fundamental ethical principle that can guide the use of digital technology towards justice, social responsibility, and the common good.

This article examines the leadership of Bu Nyai at Al-Azhar Azzayadiyah Islamic Boarding School as a representation of gender equality within traditional Islamic educational institutions. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies as data collection techniques. The research focuses on how Bu Nyai exercises leadership authority within a pesantren environment that has long been influenced by patriarchal values.\n\nThe findings reveal that Bu Nyai’s leadership is not only cultural and spiritual in nature, but also reflects the transformation of women’s roles within Islamic boarding schools. In carrying out her leadership, Bu Nyai applies charismatic, transformational, and value-based leadership styles grounded in Islamic teachings on justice and equality. This leadership is reflected in her ability to guide students, manage educational activities, build harmonious social relationships, and motivate members of the pesantren community.\n\nFurthermore, the presence of Bu Nyai as a leader demonstrates that women possess equal capabilities in developing Islamic educational institutions. The findings of this study provide important contributions to the development of gender studies in Islamic education in Indonesia, particularly regarding the strategic role of women in pesantren leadership.

This study examines the integration of Al-Farabi’s and Ibn Khaldun’s values into the reconceptualization of Civic Education (PKn) in Indonesia. Civic Education has often been criticized for its normative orientation, which lacks relevance to the multicultural realities and democratic challenges of contemporary society. The objective of this research is to construct a conceptual framework that combines Al-Farabi’s emphasis on rationality, morality, and human perfection with Ibn Khaldun’s focus on social solidarity (asabiyyah) and adaptability to societal change. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with a library research design, this study analyzes classical and contemporary literature to identify the relevance of these contributions to PKn. The findings reveal that integrating Al-Farabi’s moral dimension and Ibn Khaldun’s social dimension enriches the ethical, spiritual, and civic aspects of PKn, while aligning with the foundational values of Pancasila. This integration offers a transformative model of PKn that not only develops cognitive competence but also nurtures moral integrity, social justice, and civic engagement. The implication is that PKn can serve as a holistic instrument for shaping citizens who are intellectually critical, ethically responsible, and socially cohesive. Nevertheless, the limitation of this study lies in its conceptual nature, as empirical testing has not yet been conducted, suggesting the need for further applied research to validate the proposed model.

This study aims to analyze the factors causing children to become involved in narcotics abuse, the judges’ considerations in delivering verdicts, and the conformity of such decisions with applicable legal provisions. This research employs a normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach, based on literature review and analysis of Decision Number 3/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN Bnt. The results indicate that children’s involvement in narcotics-related crimes is influenced by multidimensional factors, namely economic, environmental, and legal factors. Economic factors include family financial pressure; environmental factors involve peer influence and lack of parental supervision; while legal factors relate to limited understanding of legal consequences. Judges’ considerations in rendering decisions are not only based on juridical aspects but also take into account the social and psychological conditions of the child. However, the imposition of imprisonment is considered not fully aligned with the principles of restorative justice and child protection. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the implementation of diversion and non-penal approaches in the juvenile justice system.  

his study examines the concept of sustainable business development through the lens of Islamic economics, focusing on the integration of three core dimensions: financial profit (profit), social empowerment (people), and environmental stewardship (planet). The urgency of this research is driven by the global environmental crisis and social inequality, which demand business models that pursue long-term welfare rather than merely short-term gains. Using a qualitative approach through a systematic literature review, this research analyzes how Islamic economic principles—including tawhid, justice ('adl), and the responsibility of khalifah—align with and reinforce the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The findings indicate that the Profit-People-Planet framework is not only compatible with Islamic teachings but is deeply embedded in Islamic economic ethics and the maqashid al-shariah framework. Instruments such as zakat, waqf, and Islamic financing serve as practical mechanisms that simultaneously support halal profit generation, enhance community welfare distributively, and ensure environmental protection through the principle of hifz al-bi’ah. This study concludes that Islamic economics offers a holistic, ethical, and value-based framework for building sustainable businesses that are profitable, socially responsible, and environmentally conscious in the modern era.

This study analyzes the reconstruction of Human Rights (HR) in Indonesia through the integration of Pancasila values and Islamic Religious Education (IRE) within the framework of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence. In the Indonesian context, human rights are not merely perceived as universal individual liberties, but are understood within broader philosophical, religious, and socio-cultural dimensions. Pancasila functions as the foundational framework that harmonizes individual rights with social responsibilities, while Islamic teachings provide normative and theological foundations through principles such as maqasid al-shari‘ah, justice (‘adl), and human dignity (karamah insaniyyah), as well as Qur’anic values of tolerance and moderation (tasamuh and wasatiyyah). This research adopts a qualitative method with a descriptive approach based on literature review, drawing upon various scholarly sources related to human rights, Islamic education, and sociological jurisprudence. The findings reveal that the integration of Pancasila and Islamic Religious Education generates a comprehensive understanding of human rights that is both normative and contextual. Moreover, empirical findings indicate that a deeper comprehension of Qur’anic teachings on tolerance is positively correlated with the development of moderate and inclusive attitudes, thereby highlighting the significant role of education in internalizing human rights values. Additionally, the historical transition from pre-Islamic (Jahiliyyah) society to the Islamic era demonstrates that Islamic teachings function as an agent of social transformation by promoting justice, equality, and the protection of marginalized groups. From the perspective of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence, law is viewed as a dynamic system that must remain responsive to evolving social conditions, ensuring that the reconstruction of human rights remains relevant and adaptable. In conclusion, the synergy between Pancasila values, Islamic teachings, and sociological legal approaches contributes to the formation of a more inclusive, balanced, and culturally grounded human rights paradigm in Indonesia.

This research is motivated by the importance of understanding the development of the Kingdom of God in Indonesia as a reality present in the lives of the people through the values ​​of love, justice, and peace in a pluralistic society. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that support and hinder the development of the Kingdom of God in Indonesia and explain its application in contemporary life. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method through a literature review and theological analysis of the social, cultural, and religious dynamics that are developing in Indonesian society. The results of the study indicate that the development of the Kingdom of God is supported by the role of the church in evangelistic missions, holistic services, universal values ​​of love and justice, and a spirit of religious moderation. On the other hand, this development is hampered by local cultural resistance, socio-political dynamics, a lack of comprehensive theological understanding, and the potential for conflict in poorly managed plurality. The implications of this research emphasize that the Kingdom of God needs to be lived as a contemporary reality through personal and social transformation, obedience to God's will, and the realization of identity as citizens of the Kingdom of God in everyday life.

This study examines the role of students of IFTK Ledalero in responding to human rights (HR) issues through the integration of theoretical understanding, spirituality, and concrete action. The background of this research is rooted in the increasing complexity of human rights violations in Indonesia, particularly in marginalized communities, which demands a contextual and transformative response from academic institutions. The objective of this study is to analyze how students internalize human rights values from philosophical and theological perspectives and translate them into practical engagement. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, using literature review and contextual analysis of student involvement in social issues. The findings indicate that while students possess strong theoretical foundations and spiritual motivations, there remains a gap in translating these into consistent and structured advocacy actions. However, emerging initiatives such as community service, pastoral engagement, and social campaigns demonstrate a growing awareness and commitment. The implication of this study emphasizes the need for a more integrative educational approach that bridges theory, spirituality, and praxis, enabling students to become transformative agents in promoting human dignity and justice.

The development of digital technology has encouraged the transformation of the financial sector through the emergence of Sharia financial technology (fintech) as a financial service based on Islamic principles that emphasize justice, transparency, and public benefit (maslahah). The presence of various Sharia fintech products such as Sharia peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, Sharia crowdfunding, Sharia E-wallets, and digital ZISWAF (zakat, infaq, alms, and waqf) services is considered capable of increasing financial inclusion in Indonesia, especially for unbanked communities and MSMEs that have limited access to formal financial services. This study aims to analyze the innovation of Sharia fintech products, their role in increasing financial inclusion, and their conformity with the perspective of Islamic Economic Law. This research uses a qualitative method with a library research approach through collecting data from scientific journals, DSN-MUI fatwas, OJK and Bank Indonesia regulations, as well as various literature related to Sharia fintech published within the last five years. The data analysis technique was carried out descriptively and analytically by examining the concepts, implementation, and regulations of Sharia fintech in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that Sharia fintech has a strategic role in expanding public access to financial services through the digitalization of financing, payments, and Islamic social fund collection. In addition to increasing Islamic financial inclusion and literacy, Sharia fintech also helps reduce transaction costs, facilitate MSME financing access, and expand the distribution of financial services to remote areas. From a Sharia perspective, the operation of Sharia fintech must continue to adhere to DSN-MUI fatwas and maqashid sharia principles in order to avoid elements of riba, gharar, and maisir and to create justice and public benefit for society. Therefore, Sharia fintech has a great opportunity to support the development of an inclusive and sustainable Islamic digital economy in Indonesia, although strengthening regulations, Sharia supervision, public education, and product innovation based on community needs are still required.

This study examines eschatology within the framework of Catholic faith as a reflection of faith and hope of salvation, not merely as a depiction of the end times. The background highlights the need to avoid reducing eschatology to a sole event of judgment day, by emphasizing the close relationship between eschatology, Christology, and soteriology, as well as the role of faith in the daily life of Catholic believers. The aim of the study is to articulate eschatology as an integrative framework that connects faith, hope, love, sacraments, liturgy, and inculturation in the Church’s praxis, and to consolidate the active participation of the faithful in the Kingdom of God, which has been initiated but not yet completed. The research method is descriptive-analytical literature review, comparing the views of experts, the Church Magisterium, and contemporary liturgical and theological documents to construct a comprehensive theoretical framework. The main findings indicate that Catholic eschatology functions as a moral and spiritual engine: (1) it integrates the “already and not yet” in the experience of faith; (2) it links eschatological hope with the actions of love, justice, and social liberation; (3) it bridges private faith with sacramental practice and inculturation. Theological and pastoral implications include strengthening faith formation, participation in liturgy, and an imaginative response to present-day social and environmental challenges. This narrative affirms a living, inclusive, and relevant eschatology for the Church’s life of faith in the contemporary era.

This study examines the cultural meanings contained in student protest slogans during the October 2025 demonstrations using an anthropolinguistic approach. Language in protest slogans functions not only as a communication tool but also as a cultural representation reflecting social values, ideology, collective identity, and social practices. The purpose of this study is to reveal the cultural meanings embedded in student protest slogans and explain how these meanings are constructed through linguistic choices. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with observation, note-taking, documentation, and brief interviews with participants as data collection techniques. The data were analyzed using distributional methods by identifying linguistic elements such as metaphors, irony, lexical choices, and sentence structures, then relating them to socio-cultural contexts. The findings show that protest slogans represent values of social solidarity, nationalism, social justice, transparency, criticism of power, gender equality, and resistance to state repression. In addition, slogans construct collective identities between citizens, government, and authorities, while carrying strong socio-political ideologies. These findings confirm that protest slogans are complex cultural practices and reflect students’ collective awareness in responding to social dynamics.