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This research discusses the Problems of the Existence of Swallow's Nests and the procedures and permits for their establishment in Gorontalo Regency. The method used in the research is empirical, with qualitative descriptive data analysis that describes and describes data and field facts.The results of the research show that the problems with the existence of swallow nests in Gorontalo Regency consist of; Neighbors' rights were not fulfilled when the building was erected, because the swallowtail bird's nest building, apart from being erected without the permission of the closest neighbors, was also located right near a residential area. The noise from recorded bird calls can disrupt people's activities, and the presence of bird nests does not rule out the possibility of carrying various types of diseases. The lack of permit processing, where the construction of swallow nests in the Gorontalo Regency area has not yet fully obtained a building permit, because for the construction of swallow nests there were no proposals received by the government. Triggering conflict, where it is feared that building swiftlet nests could develop bird flu, cause odors caused by swiftlet feces, the smell of rubbish used as additional food for swiftlets, disrupt air quality, and pollute residents' reservoir water. Apart from that, this conflict can occur because the owner of the swallow's nest building is not domiciled on the premises, so it becomes a problem in itself. The construction of swallow's nests in Gorontalo Regency does not comply with the procedures and permits for establishment as stated in the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 71 of 1999 concerning Guidelines for the Management and Business of Swallow's Nests, where Chapter III Article 4 is managed with the permission of the Regional Head. Apart from that, it is not yet based on Law Number 28 of 2009 regarding Regional Taxes and Retributions, as well as Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2020 concerning Swallow's Nest Tax in Gorontalo Regency. This is due to weak awareness of environmental law, the community does not understand the procedures for establishing wallet bird nests and local government outreach has not been optimal.

The problematics of Christian theology are often a point of complex and demanding debate seems to be a very good discussion. Because it is not only a topic of discussion among Christians but is also often an easy terget for liberals. They create and use existing thelogical problems as a tool to attack the Christian faith. That is why it is urgent to take the right steps in responding to this matter. So that this is not allowed to continue and erode the real truth and disrupt the faith of Gods congregation. In seeking solutions to the problems of theological skepticism, a philosophical approach is often a very relevant tool. Philosophical assumptions a deeper understanding of Christian teachings and responding to emerging challenges. So that in this way, all errors and misunderstandings regarding Chrristian theology put forward by liberals can be refuted. Therefore, this article will use qualitative research methods. Methodology with a literature riview approach. The literature review in question is from various writings including books, journals and other literature related to Christian religious education, ontological foundations, epistemology and axiology. Analysis of the subject of discussion is reviwed by reflecting on literature findings with implications for the present. Conclussions are obtained from analytical studies of the theories used. This article will explore the urgency of philosophical assumptions in finding solutions to the problems of Christian theology by referring to several relevant philosophical thoughts. Whit the hope of finding a basis that can help every believer in facing and responding to liberals who want to doubt and attack the Christian faith through a philosophical assumption approach, as a from of apologetics for every believer.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the problems of mathematics education students in real analysis courses. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The research objective of the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method is to evaluate, review and recognize relevant research so as to be able to answer questions on the specified research. The results of the research from analyzing this that the most common problem faced is the occurrence of student misconceptions about the material, concepts in learning that are quite a lot, minimal Indonesian language sources, still less able to construct mathematical evidence and internal factors are lack of interest and motivation in learning so that it seems difficult..

In Indonesia, the main focus of current education reform efforts is the Merdeka Curriculum. Mathematics is one of the subjects that has undergone many changes, especially at the elementary school (SD) level. This study investigates the impact and challenges that arise when implementing Merdeka Curriculum in mathematics learning at the primary level. The purpose of this study is to provide insights and details regarding the challenges associated with learning mathematics. This research uses a qualitative descriptive methodology that combines two methods to explore information at SDN 012 Babakan Ciparay, Bandung City, which leads to the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. The research results obtained in this study found that there were difficulties in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum in students as well as teaching staff, especially in the application of mathematics learning. However, this does not significantly affect the effectiveness of learning and the interest of students and teaching staff.

Da'wah in its implementation encounters obstacles and da'wah problems. This research is motivated by the problematic da'wah faced by the salafi congregation in Tanjung Pauh, Pangkalan Koto Baru Subdistrict on the implementation of da'wah which is not going well. Backgrounded by the state and background of human resources both in terms of education and cultural background. There are still many people who have not fully implemented Islamic law and there are still many people who commit actions that deviate from Islamic teachings such as gambling, drinking alcohol, many people who have not and or neglect prayer, lack of social boundaries between young men and women, still lack of parents who teach their children about Islamic values in everyday life. The type of research used is field research with a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection used is observation, interview, and documentation. The results of the research are the problematic da'wah of the salafi congregation in Tanjung Pauh, Pangkalan Koto Baru District, Limapuluh Kota Regency, which consists of the problematic maddah (da'wah material), namely from da'wah material that is less adapted to the background of the community. Second: problematic thariqah (method of da'wah), namely in terms of the method of da'wah al-mujadalah al-ahsan.