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The acid attack against Andre Yunus constitutes an act of violence prohibited under statutory regulations and results not only in severe physical suffering but also in significant psychological, emotional, and social impacts on the victim. Such an act can be classified as a violation of human rights, particularly the right to life, the right to personal security, and the right to be free from torture, cruel treatment, and degrading punishment. Acid attacks often leave long-term consequences that affect the victim’s quality of life, social interactions, and ability to carry out daily activities. This study aims to analyze the case from a human rights perspective and to evaluate the extent of the state’s responsibility in providing protection, justice, and recovery for the victim. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches to examine relevant legal provisions and human rights principles. The findings indicate that acid attacks constitute a serious crime and a grave violation of human rights, reflecting weaknesses in both preventive and repressive legal protection mechanisms. Furthermore, the fulfillment of victims’ rights remains inadequate, particularly regarding medical rehabilitation, psychological recovery, compensation, and guarantees of long-term protection. Therefore, stronger state commitment is required to ensure effective victim protection and the realization of justice.

This study uses a qualitative research design with a literature study approach to examine the theological meaning of the suffering of the righteous in the Book of Job, specifically chapters 1–2 and 38–42. The literature study method was applied by collecting primary data in the form of biblical texts and secondary data from relevant national scientific journals. The approach used includes narrative interpretation to understand the story's structure, Job's character, and the dynamics of events, and theological interpretation to interpret suffering from the perspective of God's sovereignty. The results show that Job is portrayed as a righteous man who is pious, honest, and fears God, so his suffering is not related to personal sin. Job's suffering is holistic, encompassing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects, and occurs in the context of God's permission of Satan's actions, confirming that no event is outside His sovereignty. God's response in chapters 38–42 emphasizes His greatness and wisdom through revelation from the storm, rather than through a rational explanation of the cause of suffering. These findings confirm that the primary purpose of suffering is not to be explained intellectually, but to purify faith and deepen humanity's relationship with God. Its relevance for the church today lies in the need for sound theological teaching on suffering, pastoral care for those who suffer, and the development of communities that sustain the faith and hope of the congregation. Thus, suffering, from the perspective of God's sovereignty, serves as a means of forming spiritual character, strengthening the resilience of faith, and recognizing the sovereign God.

Enforced disappearance during the New Order era represents a historical reality that has left profound wounds and prolonged uncertainty for both the victims and the families left behind. This reality is powerfully represented in Laut Bercerita, a novel by Leila S. Chudori, through the use of symbolic and evocative literary language. This study aims to reveal the representation of enforced disappearance through the use of figures of speech and metaphors in the novel. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a stylistic approach. The data consist of narrative excerpts containing figures of speech and metaphors related to experiences of loss, suffering, memory, and resistance. Data collection was conducted through intensive reading and systematic note-taking, while data analysis involved classifying types of figures of speech and interpreting their contextual meanings. The findings indicate that metaphors of the sea, silence, darkness, and alienation play a crucial role in constructing the representation of enforced disappearance as a traumatic experience that is not only physical but also psychological and collective in nature. The use of figurative language strengthens the narrative’s expressive power in conveying criticism of state violence while simultaneously preserving the memory of humanitarian tragedies that are often marginalized. This study implies that literary works can function as reflective media and as cultural documentation of histories of violence.

Human trafficking constitutes a transnational crime that inflicts physical, psychological, and economic suffering upon its victims. This research aims to analyze the fulfillment of restitution rights for victims of human trafficking and examine preventive efforts from the immigration perspective. According to Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of Human Trafficking, every victim has the right to restitution as compensation for losses suffered. However, implementation in practice still encounters numerous obstacles, including weak law enforcement, limited understanding among law enforcement officers, and insufficient technical regulations. This normative legal research employs statutory and conceptual approaches to examine primary legal materials, including Law Number 21 of 2007, Law Number 6 of 2011 on Immigration, and various implementing regulations. The findings indicate that legal protection for victims of human trafficking has not been optimal, with challenges including difficulties in proving immaterial losses, dual procedural systems between the Human Trafficking Law and Criminal Procedure Code, and weak coordination among law enforcement agencies. The Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) often cannot guarantee restitution payments as determined by judges. From the immigration perspective, the Directorate General of Immigration plays a strategic role in preventing human trafficking through travel document control, implementation of the Integrated Border Control Management (IBCM) system, education for prospective migrant workers, and cross-sectoral collaboration. However, challenges persist, including complex and evolving modus operandi, limited resources in remote border areas, and inter-agency coordination obstacles. The study concludes that synergy between institutions and improvements in education and regulation are required to ensure victims' restitution rights are fulfilled effectively.  

Sexual violence within the family is a serious criminal act that not only violates the law but also causes profound physical and psychological suffering for victims. The complexity of such cases increases as the perpetrators are often close family members, resulting in trauma and obstacles in law enforcement. Decision Number 2068/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Medan serves as the basis for analyzing the extent to which legal protection can be provided to victims. The research problems addressed are: (1) what forms of legal protection are available for victims of sexual violence within the family under Indonesian positive law, and (2) how such protection is implemented in Decision Number 2068/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Medan. The research method applied is normative juridical with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. Data sources include legislation, legal literature, and court decision analysis. The findings reveal that legal protection for victims is regulated under the Child Protection Law, the Criminal Code, and other legal instruments emphasizing preventive, repressive, and rehabilitative measures. The Medan District Court imposed a severe sentence on the perpetrator in accordance with the law; however, protection for victims remains limited to formal aspects without comprehensive psychological recovery programs. In conclusion, the protection of victims of sexual violence within the family has been clearly regulated on a normative basis, but its implementation remains weak. Greater collaboration between law enforcement authorities, child protection institutions, and professionals is necessary to ensure the holistic recovery of victims.

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in 2019 that 40 million people worldwide require palliative care, including those with cardiovascular disease (38%), cancer (34%), chronic lung disease (10.3%), AIDS (5.7%), and diabetes (4.6%). Palliative care aims to improve the quality of life of patients and families facing life-threatening illnesses by managing pain and physical, psychological, social, and spiritual problems. The main goal of this care is to reduce suffering and help patients cope with the limitations imposed by illness. The principles are to respect life, consider death a normal process, neither hasten nor delay death, and provide support until the end of life. This study aims to determine whether knowledge can influence the level of self-efficacy of nursing students at Awal Bros University. Using a correlational quantitative method, data were collected through the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing and Self-efficacy Palliative Care Scale questionnaires. The results of the study show a significant relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy among students with p<0.005. These findings can be used as a basis for learning to improve the understanding of nursing students, especially in the context of palliative care, which is important for the quality of health services in the future.

A child who becomes a victim of a criminal act, often referred to as a child victim, is one who experiences physical, psychological suffering, and/or loss of property due to a criminal act. In the case of children who are victims of sexual violence, it is not limited to physically healthy children, but also includes children with disabilities, whether physical, mental, or intellectual. These child victims have the right to restitution, which is a form of compensation for the harm and losses they have suffered. This study aims to identify the challenges faced by child victims of sexual violence and explain how the restitution process can be implemented within the context of Indonesian law. The author applies a normative research method and gathers data through literature review. The data obtained comes from legal regulations, court rulings, books, and relevant internet sources. The findings of this study indicate that restitution is a right granted to victims as a form of accountability from the perpetrator for their actions. Restitution aims to provide compensation for the victim’s suffering and loss, both materially and psychologically. However, several obstacles to fulfilling the right to restitution for child victims were identified. One of the main obstacles is the lack of understanding from the victim's family regarding the importance of restitution. Often, the victim’s family is unaware that they have the right to request restitution as part of the legal process. Additionally, inadequate cooperation between law enforcement and related institutions is another barrier to fulfilling the right to restitution. The lack of coordination between agencies in handling child sexual violence cases leads to delays in the restitution process. Therefore, it is crucial to raise awareness among the families of victims and improve cooperation between law enforcement, child protection agencies, and other related parties to ensure that the right to restitution is properly fulfilled.

This research aims to provide guidance and guidance for counselors in assisting teenagers who intend to commit suicide, both in cases of broken homes and other cases. The focus of the research is suicide experienced by a teenager in a broken home case in Parbuluan III village. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study method for teenagers from broken homes who intend to commit suicide. Data collection was carried out through interviews with the three teenagers, the teenagers' families and friends of the teenagers, observation of data sources and documentation. The problems experienced are teenagers with broken homes, including parents who are divorced/separated, one parent dies, experiencing physical violence from a single parent mother and parents who are separated, giving up responsibility for the teenager's life. Cases of broken homes in teenagers give rise to suicidal intentions which are caused by several factors, namely family factors, social factors, economic factors, psychological factors and spiritual factors. That is why this case resulted in sad and angry emotions in teenagers who intended to commit suicide. In this case, it was carried out using medication, namely behavioral dialectical therapy using an emotional regulation module. The techniques used through emotional regulation are understanding and naming emotions, reducing the frequency of unwanted emotions to stop them and changing unwanted emotions, increasing resilience by managing positive emotional thoughts and reducing emotional suffering, namely managing emotions so as not to make the situation worse when emotional. painful to control someone. This research provides an understanding ofhow medication can prevent the suicidal intentions of broken home teenagers with behavioral dialectical therapy so that it produces a positive impact, namely self-acceptance of a new family, teenagers are more confident and committed to living a better life.

This paper examines euthanasia from ethical, theological, legal, and human rights perspectives, focusing specifically on the Christian faith. Euthanasia, defined as the intentional termination of life to avoid physical suffering, raises significant moral and legal dilemmas. This study applies a qualitative method through literature review to explore expert opinions, Indonesian legal provisions, and theological foundations based on the Bible. The findings indicate that euthanasia contradicts the core principles of Christian ethics, Indonesian positive law, and human rights values that uphold the right to life. From a Christian worldview, life is a divine gift and should not be ended by human will. Suffering is understood as part of a spiritual journey that carries redemptive meaning. Furthermore, euthanasia presents complex implications not only for the individual undergoing the act but also for families, religious communities, and healthcare professionals. In Christian ethics, life and death are matters of divine sovereignty, and human agency in ending life is considered a violation of God's authority. The legal stance in Indonesia, as reflected in national laws and regulations, clearly prohibits any form of euthanasia, emphasizing the protection of human life as a constitutional right. From a human rights viewpoint, although autonomy is important, it must be balanced with the principle of preserving life. This study suggests that interdisciplinary dialogue involving theology, law, bioethics, and pastoral care is urgently needed to build awareness and offer compassionate responses to end-of-life issues. Churches, educators, and policymakers are encouraged to develop ethical guidelines and pastoral counseling approaches rooted in biblical truth and legal integrity. A wise and faithful response to the problem of euthanasia requires not only empathy but also a clear commitment to uphold the sanctity of life.

Background : Self-management of hyperglycemia refers to a series of efforts carried out independently by individuals suffering from diabetes or hyperglycemia to manage and control their health condition. These efforts include regulating diet, physical activity, medication adherence, blood glucose monitoring, and preventive measures to avoid complications. Such complications may include vascular issues like heart disease and stroke, as well as neuropathic problems such as nerve damage. Proper implementation of self-management practices can help stabilize blood glucose levels and significantly improve the overall quality of life for patients. General Objective : This study aims to examine the effect of self-management on the risk of complications in patients with hyperglycemia in the working area of the Kandangan Health Center, Kediri Regency.Research Method : This research utilized a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach accompanied by a control group. The sampling technique applied was probability sampling using simple random sampling, involving a total of 45 respondents. The research instruments included the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) and observation sheets to assess the risk of complications. The study population consisted of all hyperglycemic patients residing in Putuk Hamlet, Banaran Village, Kandangan District, Kediri Regency. Data processing was carried out through editing, coding, and tabulation, followed by data analysis using the Wilcoxon statistical test. Results : The Wilcoxon test results showed a significance value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant effect of self-management on reducing the risk of complications in hyperglycemic patients. Therefore, the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted. Recommendation : The implementation of self-management in hyperglycemic patients is essential to prevent long-term complications. Thus, healthcare professionals, especially nurses, are encouraged to provide continuous education regarding diabetes self-management. This will enable patients to manage their health conditions independently and reduce the risk of further complications.

Sexual violence  against women  is a serious issue the  leaves deep traumatic impacts and significantly affects the mental health of the victims. This research aims to investigate the psychological impact experienced by women who are victims of sexual violence. The main focus of research includes post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, sense of  meaning,  and decreased self-esteem. The methodology of this research applies a qualitative approach by conducting a literature review of various journals, reports, and related articles. The research results show that sexual violence not only causes physical suffering but also significantly impacts the emotional and mental stability of the victims over a long period. Therefore, social  support, counselling service, and psychological assistance are essential elements in the healing process. This study is expected to enhance public understanding of the impact of sexual violence and encourage the formulation of more effective policies in handling and preventing similar cases.

The coaching system for drug convicts is carried out in correctional institutions, where Correctional Institutions are a form of criminal punishment (imprisonment). In the rehabilitation process, victims of narcotics abuse are not objects but subjects. Criminal punishment (punishment) is not merely giving suffering to deter, but an element of guidance and coaching with the aim that lawbreakers can realize their mistakes and not repeat their actions again, and can return to society and carry out their social functions properly. The purpose of this study was to find out the concept of fostering convicts through rehabilitation, Implementation of Rehabilitation of Narcotics Prisoners in Lubuk Pakam Class II B Prison, Effectiveness of implementing Narcotics Rehabilitation in Lubuk pakam Class II B. This research is included in the descriptive research with the type of empirical juridical research using qualitative analysis methods.From the results of the research it is known that the concept of rehabilitation in the process of coaching prisoners is aimed not only at the mentality of prisoners but also treating dependence on narcotics themselves so that prisoners can recover physically and mentally. Implementation of rehabilitation is based on the provisions of Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics and several rules for the implementation of rehabilitation, the Implementation of Fehabilitation in the Class IIB Lubuk Pakam Penitentiary includes medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation. The implementation of medical rehabilitation includes the Health Examination Stage, the Detoxification Stage, the mental and emotional stability stage of the sufferer. While social rehabilitation includes personality development and independence development and the application of medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation at the Lubuk Pakam Class IIB Penitentiary is quite effective in reducing the repetition rate (recidivist) of convicts who have completed their sentence, convicts who have served a period of detention have recovered from dependence on narcotics, but the environment outside the prison can affect the re-use by inmates.

The protection of victims of sexual violence in Indonesia's national legal system is representative of the state's commitment to uphold human dignity, as mandated by the constitution. The constitutional basis for this protection is stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, especially Article 28G paragraph (1), which states that everyone has the right to protection of privacy, honor, dignity, and freedom from treatment that degrades human values. Currently, sexual violence can occur anywhere, especially in the scope of education. The impact of sexual violence causes a lot of harm to its victims, from the impact on the victim's psychology to the physical impact. The purpose of the research is related to the effectiveness of law enforcement or the operation of the law and the background of the law. Whether a legal protection can protect the rights of victims of sexual violence, and provide proper protection that must be obtained for victims of sexual violence. This research uses emprical research methods and a case approach which is used to analyze the handling of cases of “Sexual Violence and Forced Abortion” as a real form of legal application. With the existence of legal protection for victims of sexual violence provided by the state, it does not guarantee victims get the promised justice. Social stigma is one that can exacerbate the suffering of victims, making them isolated and reluctant to seek help. Society often tends to blame the victim, creating an unsupportive and even demeaning environment. Therefore, it is important to address social stigma in the context of sexual violence to impact the well-being of the individual as well as society as a whole.

Hypertension is one of the health problems, especially for hajj pilgrims, because hypertension is one of the entry points or risk factors for diseases such as heart disease, kidney failure, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. In 2024, cases of hajj pilgrims suffering from hypertension were 1,822 people (38.66%). This study aims to analyze the factors related to the incidence of hypertension in hajj pilgrims at the Aceh Embarkation. Quantitative research with a Cross Sectional Study approach using secondary data. The population is all hajj pilgrims at the Aceh Embarkation in 2024 totaling 4,713 people. The research sample is the total population. Bivariate data analysis with the chi-square test and multivariate with logistic regression. The results of the study obtained variables that have a significant relationship with hypertension are age (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 3.08–3.95; p-value = 0.0001), family history (OR = 2; 95% CI: 1.74-2.25; p-value = 0.0001). Obesity (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.14–1.44; p-value = 0.0001), diabetes (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.28–1.75; p-value = 0.0001) and poor physical fitness OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.48–1.89; p-value = 0.0001). The conclusion of this study is that the age variable is the most dominant variable with the incidence of hypertension in the Aceh Embarkation Hajj pilgrims.

Many individuals, including those who profess faith, often struggle to endure the various forms of suffering encountered in life, primarily because it is difficult for human beings to accept pain and trials as part of their earthly journey. As a result, some fail to attain the promise of eternal happiness at the culmination of their lives. According to the Christian faith, true and lasting happiness is not achieved through worldly comfort but is reserved only for those who consistently read and meditate on the Scriptures, whether privately or in communal settings, who strive to preserve holiness in their daily lives, who remain faithful in following Jesus even until death, and who demonstrate obedience to God’s Word. Such believers will not experience eternal death but are granted the privilege to enter the holy city and participate in the joyous banquet of Christ. The purpose of this research is to explore the pathway toward attaining genuine happiness, both in earthly life and ultimately in the holy city of God, which requires a willingness to endure even physical suffering, potentially unto death. To ensure reliable findings, the study employs a qualitative methodology with a grammatical-textual approach combined with interviews. The findings indicate that believers who comprehend the meaning of the Greek concept “μακάριος” (makarios) as it appears in the Book of Revelation will gain firm confidence to endure suffering, maintaining faith and perseverance, even if that perseverance leads to martyrdom for the sake of Christ Jesus.

This article explores theological perspectives on the resurrection of Christ that still feature wounds as a meaningful way to understand and heal trauma. The wounds of Christ that remain after his resurrection are a sign of hope, healing, and reconciliation. In a digital age filled with violence and trauma, the meaning of the resurrection of the body conveys the message that wounds are not the end of everything, but rather part of a holistic healing process both physically, mentally, and spiritually. The incarnation and solidarity of God through the suffering of Christ show that God is present in human grief. The community of faith and pastoral care also have a crucial role in addressing those who have experienced trauma. With a holistic approach that combines body, soul, and spirit, the resurrected body of Christ becomes an example of healing and a source of strength for wounded individuals.

Hajj pilgrimage is a 30-day religious journey in Saudi Arabia undertaken by Muslims, with waiting times often exceeding 5 years, and many of them are elderly individuals requiring stable mental and physical conditions. Mental health is a crucial factor for the well-being of the elderly, with over 20% of them suffering from disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Gender also plays a role, with women being more vulnerable to depression and anxiety. Education level and cognitive function also influence mental health. The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS) is used to assess individual mental health and the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress. This research aims to understand how factors such as age, gender, and education are related to the mental health of prospective Hajj pilgrims from Palembang in 2023 using the DASS instrument. The study found a significant relationship between age and the occurrence of depression but not with gender or education. These factors also did not have a significant relationship with anxiety. In the case of stress, a significant relationship was found between gender and age, while education level did not affect it.

Sexual violence is an act that is degrading, humiliating, harassing, and/or attacking a person’s body or reproductive function, typically caused by an imbalance of power relations or gender discrimination, which results in psychological and physical suffering. Sexual violence against children is a social problem that requires special attention because this crime involves children in its commission. The Institute for Criminal Justice Reform (ICJR) also emphasizes that intercourse with a child constitutes a criminal offense, even if it is framed as consensual, in order to protect the child’s rights and future. Based on this issue, the author aims to examine efforts to combat sexual violence against children under the guise of sexual consent to find the most effective strategies to reduce this increasingly widespread crime. The research method used is a normative and empirical juridical approach. The data used includes both primary and secondary data. Data collection procedures involve literature study and field research. The data analysis was conducted using qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that efforts to combat sexual crimes include both penal and non-penal measures. Penal efforts involve the government enacting more specific regulations on sexual crimes involving adults and children under the pretense of sexual consent, as well as taking repressive measures as a last resort. Non-penal efforts conducted by relevant institutions include public outreach and education that provides information about such criminal behaviors. The suggestions in this study are: (1) To prevent sexual crimes committed under the guise of sexual consent, it is necessary to involve the community and a supportive environment that is aware of unlawful acts occurring around them, and to collectively protect family and community members from engaging in harmful behavior. (2) The government is expected to establish more specific policies regarding sexual crimes involving adults and children under the pretext of sexual consent.

Bullying can occur for various reasons, such as injustice, ignorance, or the desire to dominate or control other people. Factors such as differences in physical strength, culture, or even the perpetrator's lack of self-confidence also influence the occurrence of bullying. It involves an urge to harm, which can drive a person to perform physical, psychological, or verbal acts that cause suffering to the victim. The impact is very significant for perpetrators who tend to be aggressive and have bullying tendencies, as well as for victims who often experience anxiety, even depression, which can sometimes lead to thoughts of committing suicide. The aim of this research is to identify a picture of knowledge about bullying among level I students. This research method is descriptive. The sample in this research are 127 respondents with sampling technique using the Simple Random Sampling technique. This research instrument uses a questionnaire. The results of the research show a picture of knowledge about bullying among level I students in good knowledge category of 80.3%, sufficient knowledge of 11.8%, and poor knowledge of 7.9%. It is hoped that educational institutions can provide seminars on bullying and anti-bullying policies within the Santa Elisabeth Medan College of Health Sciences.

Middle adulthood ranges from 40 years to 60 years. The needs of heart disease sufferers in middle adulthood are needs that prioritize physical health such as exercise, diet and regular medication. This research aims to find out how important the needs of individuals suffering from heart disease are. The research method used is a qualitative method with a literature and interview approach. Data was obtained from analysis of related literature as well as in-depth interviews with informants who suffered from heart disease at the age of 58 years. The research results show that the needs of middle adults who suffer from heart disease prioritize health restoration recommended by doctors by means of bypass surgery. This is shown by the improvement in physical health experienced by the informants, by maintaining their diet, taking prescribed medication, exercising regularly, and monitoring their health at recommended clinics. This result has been felt by the informant that changes in his physical condition are currently starting to improve and he is still in the recovery stage.