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This study examines the effect of digital banking transformation on financial inclusion in emerging economies, using Indonesia as a case study. Digital banking transformation refers to the technological development of banking services, including accessibility, transaction speed, system security, service integration, and the availability of user-relevant financial features. Financial inclusion is defined as individuals’ ability to access, use, and benefit from formal financial services in an easy, secure, affordable, and sustainable way. This research employs a quantitative explanatory design. Data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to users of mobile banking, internet banking, digital bank applications, and digital payment services in Indonesia. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling with criteria of being at least 17 years old, residing in Indonesia, and having used digital banking services within the last six months. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that digital banking transformation has a positive and significant effect on financial inclusion, with a path coefficient of 0.684, a t-value of 14.276, and a p-value of 0.000. The R-square value of 0.468 shows that 46.8% of the variance in financial inclusion is explained by digital banking transformation. These findings suggest that digital banking expands access to financial services, increases usage of formal financial products, and reduces barriers related to distance and cost. However, its effectiveness still depends on digital literacy, security, trust, infrastructure, and consumer protection. The study implies that banks and regulators should strengthen inclusive, secure, and affordable digital financial services for underserved communities.

Education involves acquiring knowledge and skills, with English learning being a skill-based process that requires consistent and engaging practice. In the digital era, mobile applications have emerged as effective tools to overcome traditional limitations in language learning. This study investigates the effectiveness of the Duolingo application in enhancing English vocabulary among university students. A pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was employed involving 40 first-semester Pharmacy students at Anwar Medika University. Participants engaged in daily Duolingo practice (20 XP per day) for 30 consecutive days. Data were collected through vocabulary pretest and posttest as well as a Likert-scale questionnaire. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant improvement in vocabulary scores, with the mean score increasing from 57.25 in the pretest to 81.70 in the posttest. Questionnaire results indicated high student motivation, positive perceptions of the app’s usefulness and ease of use, and minimal perceived disadvantages. The findings suggest that daily Duolingo practice is an effective, engaging, and accessible method for boosting English vocabulary acquisition. This study provides practical insights for educators seeking innovative technology-integrated approaches to language teaching.

Digital transformation in public service delivery encourages government to implement service innovations that are effective, efficient, transparent, and accountable. This transformations is realized through the adoption of innovations capable of responding to public needs in a timely and accurate manner to improve service quality. The Regional Civil Service Agency of East Java Province developed the Rumah ASN Application as a digital-based personnel service innovation to support the needs of civil servants of the East Java Provincial Government and the general public. This study aims to analyze and describe the implementation of the Rumah ASN Application as an innovation in personnel services at the Regional Civil Service Agency of East Java Province. This research employs a qualitative descriptive. The analytical framework is based on the public sector process innovation theory proposed by Khodadad-Saryazdi (2022), which consists of seven key success factors: strategic alignment, governance, leadership, culture, information technology and information system, process actors, and performance evaluation. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that the implementation of the Rumah ASN Application has generally been conducted well, but it has not yet reached optimal. Challenges identified for optimizing this service including the needs for continuous user socialization during system updates, optimization of service features for civil servant capacity building, strengthening administrative capacity and cross-sectoral coordination, and the developing the application into a mobile application version.

Public transportation plays an important role in supporting community mobility and accelerating regional economic growth. To improve public transportation services in East Java, the East Java Provincial Transportation Agency introduced the Trans Jatim Bus system. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, including long bus arrival times, the use of mobile applications that are difficult for elderly users, and inconsistencies in the availability of supporting facilities such as seating and trash bins at bus stops. This study aims to analyze the quality of Trans Jatim Bus services based on the service quality dimensions proposed by Wirtz and Lovelock. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that reliability has not met service standards due to prolonged waiting times. Responsiveness and assurance were found to meet service standards, as passengers expressed satisfaction with service responses and complaint handling. Empathy was considered adequate, although accessibility issues for elderly passengers remain. Tangible aspects were also sufficiently met, but inconsistencies were found in the provision of seating and trash bins at several bus stops. Based on these findings, the study recommends increasing the number of buses on corridor 2, evaluating bus schedules, conducting public awareness campaigns, and ensuring the consistent provision of seating and trash bins at all bus stops to improve overall service quality.

This study examines the implementation of digital health services via the Mobile JKN application at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center in Pekanbaru City and explores factors affecting service effectiveness, especially complaints about long waiting times. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on the Mobile Health Acceptance Model by Handayani et al. (2021), the study focuses on five constructs: ease of use, system availability, system responsiveness, health workers’ digital skills, and user trust. The results show that Mobile JKN has significantly simplified administrative processes, accelerated registration, and improved service efficiency at the health center. Effectiveness is supported by factors such as the application’s general ease of use, faster queue data processing, and adequate digital skills among staff. Users also show a high level of trust, though queue time estimation still needs improvement. Despite these benefits, complaints about long waits persist due to patients who register online but still queue manually and misunderstandings between Mobile JKN and e-Puskesmas queue numbers. Late patient arrivals also contribute to delays. Overall, Mobile JKN proves effective in enhancing digital health services, but further optimization is needed through better socialization of service procedures, accurate queue information, and improved system integration to maximize the advantages of digitalization.

This study investigates strategies for improving social rehabilitation services for people with physical disabilities through technology-based approaches and family involvement at UPT Social Rehabilitation Bina Laras Pasuruan, East Java. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation, and documentation with rehabilitation staff, persons with disabilities, family members, and technology specialists. Findings reveal that integrating digital technologies—including mobile health applications, telemedicine platforms, and assistive devices—significantly enhances service accessibility and monitoring capabilities. Structured family involvement programs, encompassing psychoeducation sessions, home-based care training, and support groups, demonstrate substantial improvements in rehabilitation outcomes. Critical success factors include adequate technological infrastructure, staff digital literacy, family commitment, and inter-agency coordination. Challenges include the digital divide, resistance to technological adoption, and sustainability concerns. The research concludes that a hybrid model combining technology-enabled services with intensive family participation offers the most promising approach and recommends policy frameworks that institutionalise these innovations while ensuring equitable access across diverse beneficiary populations

Information technology (IT) has emerged as a critical component of public administration, offering significant potential to enhance transparency and accountability in governance. This comprehensive qualitative case study research examined how information technology implementation influences transparency and accountability mechanisms in public policy administration, while identifying critical challenges and success factors. The research employed embedded multi-case study methodology, collecting data through 118 semi-structured interviews with government officials (n=45), citizen-users (n=38), IT professionals (n=15), civil society representatives (n=12), and academic researchers (n=8), complemented by document analysis and direct observation (280 hours) across four case sites representing diverse governance contexts. Key findings demonstrate that information technology implementation significantly enhances government transparency through multiple mechanisms: public information portals increased citizen information access from 25-30% to 78-82%, mobile applications extended service accessibility from 15-20% to 42-55% in rural areas, and social media platforms reached 60-70% of citizens with policy information. Similarly, IT implementation strengthened accountability through online complaint systems that reduced government response times from 28-45 days to 5-12 days (60-75% improvement), automated audit systems that detected 35-55% more compliance violations, and real-time monitoring systems that reduced audit completion time by 40-50%.  The findings have implications for government practitioners seeking evidence-based guidance for IT implementation, policymakers developing governance policies leveraging technology, and academic researchers studying digital governance and public administration innovation.

In the era of rapid digitalization, the utilization of information technology in human resource management has become increasingly essential. This study examines the implementation of the Mekari Talenta digital attendance system in managing employee attendance administration at PT Hutama Marga Waskita. The objective of this research is to understand the extent of the system's application within the company, identify challenges encountered during its implementation, and explore the strategies employed to overcome these obstacles. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, involving both primary and secondary sources to gain a comprehensive understanding. The findings reveal that the transition from manual to digital attendance systems presents several challenges, including user negligence in recording attendance, an organizational culture that is not yet fully adaptive to digital systems, and the absence of automatic reminder features. Despite these challenges, the system offers significant benefits such as expediting attendance recap processes, integration with payroll, and providing flexible access to attendance through mobile devices. This research contributes to the existing literature on digital attendance management and provides recommendations for optimizing the use of digital attendance systems in modern workplaces.  

The National Health Insurance (JKN) program is a strategic initiative by the Indonesian government to ensure accessible and affordable healthcare for all citizens. Based on literature review and analysis of secondary data, the JKN program significantly contributes to reducing direct household health expenditures (Out-of-Pocket/OOP), particularly among low-income and vulnerable populations. However, several challenges remain, including additional outlays for uncovered services such as non-generic medications and inpatient class upgrades, as well as limitations in health infrastructure. Furthermore, the integration of digital technology through the JKN Mobile application demonstrates a high level of effectiveness in administrative efficiency and user participation. This platform has expanded healthcare accessibility and improved user satisfaction, although digital literacy and technological disparities persist. Hence, strengthening technology-based policies and conducting regular evaluations are essential for ensuring the sustainability and equity of the JKN program implementation.

This study examines the impact of the SiPanjol Mobile application on tax compliance among trestaurant taxpayers in Mojokerto Regency. The digital tax payment service helps address common issues in manual systems, such as delayed reporting and lack of transparency. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were gathered through interviews and field observations. The findings indicate that the application simplifies reporting and payment processes while promoting voluntary compliance. Overall, SiPanjol Mobile contributes to a more accessible and transparent local tax system.

Handling drug abuse is one of the main focuses in the Prevention and Eradication of Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking (P4GN) efforts in Indonesia. In this context, medical and social rehabilitation plays an important role as a recovery effort for addicts to return to optimal functioning in society. This community service activity uses a qualitative approach with a combination of observation, interview, and digital-based direct intervention methods in handling medical and social rehabilitation for drug abusers. This community service activity successfully implemented a digital-based medical and social rehabilitation strategy in supporting the P4GN program with a smart power approach. A web-based information system and mobile application designed to facilitate registration, monitoring, and mentoring of rehabilitation patients were successfully developed. This system provides easy access to information for the community and drug abusers to register and obtain rehabilitation services efficiently without having to come directly to the rehabilitation facility. The digital rehabilitation system is integrated with national electronic medical record platforms (such as SIRENA and the Ministry of Health's SATU SEHAT service), thus facilitating coordination between institutions and ensuring continuous monitoring of client health during and after the rehabilitation period. This community service activity successfully demonstrated that the handling of medical and social rehabilitation in a digital-based P4GN strategy with a smart power approach is an effective solution in an effort to realize a drug-free society. The smart power approach that integrates hard power (law enforcement) and soft power (prevention, community empowerment, and rehabilitation) with the support of digital information technology can improve the accessibility, effectiveness, and quality of rehabilitation services.

Penarukan Village, located in Tabanan Regency, is predominantly inhabited by communities engaged in freshwater fish farming, particularly Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The high demand for Nile tilapia in Tabanan and surrounding areas poses a challenge for farmers to manage the growth and development of the fish to ensure optimal quality. During the cultivation process, various issues arise that require effective solutions to support the sustainability of this sector. One of the main problems faced by fish farmers is related to the quality of biofloc pond water, which is still monitored using conventional methods. Poor water quality that does not meet the optimal living standards for Nile tilapia can hinder growth, reduce fish health, and negatively impact production yield. Manual monitoring methods are also prone to inaccuracy and complicate the data analysis process needed for effective decision-making.To address this issue, a technology-based solution has been proposed in the form of a real-time monitoring system using the “SI-NILA” mobile application integrated with a microcontroller-based Internet of Things (IoT) system. This system allows for continuous monitoring of pond water quality and automated pH control to maintain suitable conditions for fish growth. This innovation is expected to improve efficiency and effectiveness in fish farming practices, minimize the risk of crop failure, and promote the digital transformation of aquaculture in Penarukan Village, contributing to the sustainable development of the freshwater aquaculture sector.

The rapid penetration of mobile devices among students has created significant opportunities to optimize mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) for enhancing language acquisition in digital environments. Despite its potential, the implementation of MALL often remains suboptimal due to technical limitations, lack of pedagogical planning, and insufficient integration of interactive features, which limits its effectiveness in supporting structured learning. This study aims to examine how MALL applications influence student engagement, self-regulation, and language learning outcomes, while addressing the gap between technological affordances and instructional practices. Employing a mixed-methods design, the research integrates quantitative surveys, learning analytics, and qualitative interviews with higher education students who regularly use mobile applications for language learning. The methodology includes pre- and post-surveys to measure changes in engagement and self-regulation, log data to track usage patterns, and interviews to capture students’ perceptions and experiences. The findings reveal that MALL significantly enhances engagement through increased active participation, higher attendance, longer study duration, and more frequent interaction with materials. At the same time, MALL improves self-regulation by strengthening skills in time management, goal setting, monitoring progress, and maintaining persistence, leading to greater learner autonomy. Moreover, students with stronger self-regulation capacities were found to utilize MALL features more effectively, resulting in measurable improvements in vocabulary, grammar, and communicative competence. The study concludes that MALL’s effectiveness lies not only in delivering learning content but also in fostering engagement and supporting self-regulated learning. These results highlight the need for pedagogical designs that integrate technological interactivity with scaffolding strategies to maximize the potential of MALL as a learner-centered and sustainable approach to language learning in the digital era.  

This study aims to describe and analyze: the application of the MPaspor application as one of the bureaucratic reform strategies and the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the M-Passport application as one of the bureaucratic reform strategies in the Special Class 1 Immigration Office of the City of Surabaya.  The research method to be used is qualitative descriptive.  Data Collection Techniques include: Interviews, Observations, Documentation. The research informant is the Head of the Suarabaya Special Class I Immigration Office. The data analysis technique using interactive model analysis was developed by Miles et al., (2014), namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show . Mobile Passport as one of the Bureaucratic Reform Strategies at the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office is carried out based on the Institutional Aspect, namely the M-Passport Application based on the Letter of the Director of Immigration Traffic Number IMI.2-UM.01.01-4.0700 dated February 18, 2022 concerning the Follow-up of the Implementation and Implementation Policy of Mobile Passport (M-Paspor) at Immigration Offices throughout Indonesia. In terms of bureaucratic reform, M Passport services in the institutional field, office employees must have proficiency, that is, each office employee must be able to master the skills and knowledge needed in serving citizens, especially foreign citizens who take care of ITAS and ITAP. In terms of resources, it is already available and given full support with the availability of competent IT experts to support the development and implementation of the M-Passport application. The Financial Resources provided continue to be provided for the launch, maintenance, and renewal of the M-Passport application. In terms of governance, as a Technical Implementation Unit of the Special Class I Immigration Office of Surabaya by paying attention to the provision of facilities to support the running process of a bureaucracy.  The Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office provides a guarantee of passport processing time by officers during the interview session, photo taking, and fingerprint scanning for three working days. Passport application service fee Passport costs Rp 350,000, while electronic passport costs Rp 650,000. One of the supporting factors for the implementation of the M Passport Application at the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office is supporting facilities and infrastructure, such as queue machines, service counters, and computers. Inhibiting factors include application servers that often crash or have problems. In addition, there is a lack of public understanding that in taking care of passports, original documents must still be brought. 

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Betang Mobile application as an innovation in welfare services for MSME partners at PT. Bank Pembangunan Kalimantan Tengah. The study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and document analysis to explore the experiences and perspectives of various stakeholders involved, including MSME customers, customer service, and bank management. The research method applied is a case study with an innovation diffusion theory approach as proposed by Everett M. Rogers (1995). In this study, five key characteristics of innovation diffusion relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability are used to evaluate the impact and acceptance of the Betang Mobile application among MSME partners. Data collected from interviews with informants, including MSME customers and customer service, indicate that 75% of MSME players feel the application enhances service access, while 85% of users find the application compatible with their needs. The findings show that the Betang Mobile application has provided benefits in terms of efficiency and ease of access for MSME partners. About 40% of users report increased satisfaction, and 82% consider the application more efficient compared to traditional methods. Challenges include the adoption of technology by older MSME players and those in remote areas. Based on these findings, the study recommends that Bank Pembangunan Kalimantan Tengah focus on digital education for MSME partners, strengthen data security systems, and consistently update features to maintain the application's relevance. In conclusion, the Betang Mobile application has proven to make a positive contribution to the welfare services of MSME partners, with visible impacts on the accessibility and efficiency of banking services. To enhance the effectiveness of this application, it is recommended that Bank Pembangunan Kalimantan Tengah address challenges related to technology adoption and data security, as well as conduct regular evaluations of the application's features to keep them aligned with evolving user needs.

The rapid development of information and communication technology (ICT) has fundamentally changed the educational landscape. Schools, which were previously often considered as stand-alone entities, are now increasingly recognized as an integral part of wider social systems. In this context, the active role of society in the education process becomes increasingly crucial. This research aims to examine in depth how the administration of school and community relations is implemented in the digital era, as well as identifying factors that support or hinder its success. In the last few decades, there has been a paradigm shift in the understanding of education. Education is no longer solely seen as a process of transferring knowledge from teacher to student, but rather as a holistic individual development effort. Society, as a social environment where individuals grow and develop, has a very significant role in shaping the character and competence of students. Therefore, building strong and synergistic relationships between schools and society is the key to realizing quality education that is relevant to the needs of the times. This research has the main aim of analyzing, identifying, evaluating, identifying matters relating to school and community relations. This research uses a literature review approach. Research data was obtained from various sources, including scientific journals, popular articles, research reports, and relevant policy documents. Data analysis was carried out systematically by identifying main themes, comparing findings from various sources, and drawing conclusions based on existing evidence. The research results show that the implementation of administration of school and community relations in the digital era has experienced rapid development. The use of social media platforms, school websites, and mobile applications has facilitated more effective communication between schools and the community. In addition, many schools have involved the community in various school activities, such as extracurricular activities, personal development programs, and decision making regarding school policies.

Community Service in English means community service, which is an activity of helping the community in the form of several activities without expecting any form of reward. Community service is one of the pillars of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, namely: education, research and community service. Universities not only carry out education for their students, but also carry out research and develop innovation, as well as preserve and develop superior knowledge that is beneficial to society. Data collection on marriages that have not been registered is a problem that is often faced in managing population data in many sub-districts. This article discusses the proposed solution through the development of the Kalimasada application to improve the quality of population data in Kedungdoro Village. The service method used involves the process of data collection, needs analysis, application development, and user training. The approach used is the use of mobile application-based information technology to facilitate the process of collecting data on unregistered marriages. The Kalimasada application is designed with an intuitive and easy-to-use interface, allowing sub-district officials to quickly record data on unregistered marriages. In addition, this application is equipped with an automatic data validation feature to reduce input errors and increase data accuracy. During the service process, training was conducted for the community about the importance of reporting unregistered marriages to subdistrict officers via the Kalimasada application. The results of implementing the Kalimasada application show a significant increase in data collection on unregistered marriages in Kedungdoro Village. With this application, the data collection process becomes more efficient and accurate, producing more valid and reliable data. Apart from that, public participation in reporting unregistered marriages has also increased, so that the data collected becomes more complete. In conclusion, developing the Kalimasada application is an effective solution for improving the quality of population data in Kedungdoro Village. The use of information technology in public administration can help speed up the data collection process and increase data accuracy. The next step is to expand the implementation of this application to other sub-districts and continue to carry out monitoring and evaluation to ensure its sustainability and effectiveness in the long term.

This study explores the potential of mobile educational applications to enhance student-centered inquiry-based learning (IBL) in secondary school classrooms. As traditional, teacher-centered pedagogies fail to adequately engage students in critical thinking and problem-solving, IBL offers a promising alternative that encourages active participation and deeper learning. The research investigates how mobile applications can support IBL by facilitating the inquiry process, such as data collection, hypothesis formulation, and collaboration. Through a quasi-experimental design involving secondary school students, the study compares the effectiveness of traditional teaching methods and mobile-assisted IBL. Results indicate that students using mobile applications showed significant improvements in critical thinking, engagement, and academic performance compared to those taught through traditional methods. Teachers and students both reported high satisfaction with mobile apps, particularly in terms of ease of use and educational value. The findings suggest that integrating mobile technologies into the classroom can create more interactive, accessible, and personalized learning experiences, fostering critical thinking and enhancing student outcomes. However, challenges related to infrastructure, teacher training, and digital literacy must be addressed to fully harness the potential of mobile-assisted inquiry-based learning.

This research aims to explore public responses regarding the existence of mental health applications. This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative phenomenological methods. This research uses a phenomenological approach with data collection techniques using focus group discussions and interviews. The object of this research was students aged 16-22 years and who had experience with mental health. The data obtained came from 8 people in FGDs and 16 people in interviews with a trial period of 3-4 weeks. The results of the research show that the user interface has an effect on the user's perspective, application performance has an effect on the intention to use it continuously, emotional release has an effect on changes in individual behavior.

Through web-based business applications, it helps start-up companies to reach their target markets more quickly and in a more organized manner, with a more efficient level of economic costs compared to using conventional consumer marketing methods which require higher levels of economic costs. However, more than 40% of SMEs and startup companies in Indonesia, both digital and non-digital based, experience financial failure and fail to maintain their business continuously, due to inefficient management of the financial aspects of the organization, which becomes an obstacle for business actors in planning and can also disrupt the level of continuity of the business. This is the background for the need for community service activities in order to improve the quality of financial inclusion, especially in terms of working capital management budgeting for mobile-based SMEs and startup companies.  This community service activity was formed to expand knowledge regarding effective and efficient working capital management budgeting, where it is hoped that through this program, mobile-based SMEs and startup business actors will have the knowledge to know the financial strength of their business and can be used as a consideration in decisions and make the business run healthier in the future.