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Village communities generally have a cultural system deeply rooted in traditional values passed down through generations. This system encompasses various aspects of life, including agriculture, which is the primary source of livelihood. In Batukarang Village, Payung District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra, local agricultural culture is reflected in two key practices that remain preserved to this day: the aron tradition and kerja tahun (year work). These traditions not only demonstrate how the community carries out agrarian-based economic activities but also demonstrate how social, spiritual, and cultural elements are interwoven within Karo agricultural practices. Aron is a local term referring to small groups or communities that assist each other in farming activities. This system serves as a form of mutual cooperation that strengthens solidarity among residents. In practice, aron groups typically work in rotation on other group members' fields. In addition to speeding up the work process, this system also strengthens social bonds and fosters a sense of togetherness within village life.

This study aims to identify the factors that influence the local community in developing the swallow nest business and to examine how the practice of swallow nest farming aligns with the principles of Islamic business ethics in Marioriwawo District, Soppeng Regency. The swallow nest industry has grown significantly in this area, shifting the economic landscape from primarily agricultural activities to a more diversified business sector. Before the emergence of this business, most residents were involved in farming. However, due to factors such as unpredictable harvests and unstable agricultural income, many community members have turned to swallow nest cultivation as an alternative and promising source of livelihood. According to Islamic business ethics, the practice of breeding swallows is permissible, as long as it does not involve cruelty to animals. This view is supported by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Fatwa Number 2 of 2012, which states that raising or cultivating swallows is allowed, provided the birds are not harmed or subjected to distress. Furthermore, the consumption and trade of swallow nests are also considered halal under Islamic law, adding to the business's appeal among the Muslim population. To explore the underlying motivations and social dynamics of this business shift, the study employed a qualitative research method. This approach was chosen to gain a deeper understanding of the local context, including the experiences, beliefs, and socioeconomic conditions of the people involved. The results revealed several influencing factors: the potential for high profit from selling swallow nests, the challenges faced in traditional agriculture (such as frequent crop failure), and the religious assurance that the business is acceptable under Islamic teachings. Overall, the swallow nest business represents a strategic and ethical economic opportunity for the community, enabling them to improve their livelihoods while staying aligned with their religious values.

Economic development in Indonesia aims to improve people's living standards and welfare, but challenges such as high poverty rates are still a significant problem, especially in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). This study aims to analyze the economic impact of the closure of the localization of Bong Suwung, which is one of the centers of prostitution in Yogyakarta. Approach to descriptive qualitative research. Data is collected by observation, interview, and documentation techniques, primary and secondary data are integrated in the context of analysis, informance is determined by propulsive sampling. The results of the study show that the closure of localization has a negative impact on people's incomes, including traders, parking attendants, and commercial sex workers (PSK). Many traders lost customers and income, while prostitutes were forced to look for new locations to operate. On the other hand, the closure affects the psychological condition of children from affected families, who have difficulty in continuing their education. This research highlights the importance of a more comprehensive approach in dealing with social and economic problems, as well as the need for support for affected communities to adapt and find alternative sources of livelihood.

This studyaims to examine the economic activities of low-income communities and identify factors that influence these activities in Tamaila Utara Village,Tolangohula Sub-district,Gorontalo Regency. The study employed a qualitative method using a systematic approach. Data collection techniques included observation, interview, and source triangulation.Data analysis involved data reduction followed by drawing conclusions. The findings indicate that most low-income residents in Tamaila Utara rely on agriculture, particularly corn farming, as their primary livelihood. Farming activities are supported by family members due to limited financial capacity to hire labor, and the tools used are still very simple or traditional. For crop distribution,the community depends on local traders who offer prices significantly lower than market rates, due to limited transportation access to larger markets. In terms of consumption,residents can only meet their basic needs, with low nutritional intake due to minimal income. Other challenges to improving the local economy include water scarcity during the dry season, low educational attainment among farmers,lack of government-provided training, and unpredictable weather and environmental conditions. Therefore,government support is urgently needed,such as irrigation development, agricultural training, and the provision of modern tools or technology to enhance community welfare in the future.

This research discusses the process of relocating residents from informal settlements under the Pasopati Bridge to Simple Rental Flats (Rusunawa) in Solokan Jeruk, Bandung Regency. This relocation is a policy of the Bandung City Government and West Java Provincial Government to organize extreme slum areas and provide adequate housing for low-income people. Using a qualitative approach and literature study, this research analyzes the mechanisms for implementing relocation, the actors involved, and the social and economic impacts experienced by residents after relocation. The research results show that although relocation provides access to more adequate housing and basic facilities, residents face serious challenges in terms of social adaptation, loss of community networks, increased economic burden, and loss of old sources of livelihood. Relocation also causes psychosocial pressure and shifts in the structure of social interactions due to changes in the physical environment and social norms in the flat. This study emphasizes the importance of a participatory approach and comprehensive post-relocation interventions, including economic, social and psychological support, so that relocation is not just a physical transfer, but also a sustainable life transformation for affected residents.

This study aims to identify and analyze the potential and utilization of the Seruwai River in Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency. As a natural resource, the river plays a vital role in supporting the lives of local communities in terms of social, economic, and environmental aspects. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method through observation, interviews, and literature review. The findings indicate that the Seruwai River is utilized by residents for various needs, including agricultural irrigation, freshwater fish farming, and fishing as a livelihood. The river also serves as a natural reservoir for rainwater. However, its utilization is not yet optimal due to water pollution caused by domestic waste, which affects water quality. Therefore, sustainable river management is necessary through cooperation between the local community and village authorities to preserve the river and improve the welfare of the residents.