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This research aims to design and develop a motion detection-based automatic light control system with a light intensity setting feature using IoT technology. The system utilizes a combination of PIR sensor, MOSFET module, and Arduino Uno microcontroller to control lighting based on the presence and position of the user. With an adaptive control algorithm, the lamp can dynamically adjust the lighting intensity to several levels as needed. Test results show that the system successfully reduces energy consumption optimally without reducing user comfort. The implementation of this technology has great potential in supporting energy efficiency in public areas, such as parks, office hallways, and sidewalks.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of room lighting intensity on the visual comfort of users in the Metamedia University library. This study is a type of quantitative research with a descriptive method. Data were obtained through distributing questionnaires at the Metamedia University Library. The population in this study were all students of Metamedia University totaling 1000 people. The sampling technique used simple random sampling with a sample size of 100 respondents. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires to the research sample. In this study, the data analysis technique used quantitative statistics. Based on the results of the data analysis, this study obtained the results that there was an influence between natural and artificial lighting on the visual comfort of users in the Metamedia University library.

Public Street Lighting using Solar Energy / Solar Cells (PJUTS) is an alternative source of electrical energy. Sunlight is a crucial energy source where solar panels capture sunlight and convert it into electrical energy through the photovoltaic process. In the Tubanan Baru area of Surabaya, there are still sections of the road that lack sufficient lighting, especially at night. Therefore, a PJUTS design is required. The method employed is quantitative, based on the data obtained. The study aims to determine the angle of the ornament pole, select the type of pole, calculate the LED-based lamp power, and assess the light intensity of 353.3 cd, light efficiency K=1.401, and light efficacy of 104.65 lm/watt

Durian is one of the leading fruit commodities with high economic value in various tropical regions, including Indonesia. However, the durian cultivation process often faces challenges related to unstable environmental conditions, such as temperature fluctuations, soil moisture, and nutritional deficiencies which can affect the level of plant fertility and the quality of the fruit produced. Therefore, an effective and efficient monitoring system is needed to optimize durian plant care. This research aims to develop a fertility monitoring system for durian trees using Internet of Things (IoT) technology which can help farmers manage the environmental conditions of plants in real-time. The designed system uses various sensors, such as soil moisture sensors, air temperature and humidity sensors, light intensity sensors, and soil nutrient sensors, to collect relevant environmental data. The data obtained from these sensors is then processed by a microcontroller and sent via the IoT network to a cloud-based storage platform. The trial results show that this system can monitor environmental conditions with high accuracy and provide appropriate maintenance recommendations, thereby increasing efficiency in managing durian plants.

Tower 1 at Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya is a high-rise building (High Risk Building) in the education and office sectors, experiencing an annual increase in energy consumption. Therefore, regular and thorough energy audits are necessary to save electricity consumption and ensure that usage aligns with the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 13 of 2012. An energy audit is a method to calculate the energy consumption level of a building and determine potential energy savings through energy conservation. The Electrical Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is used as a parameter to determine whether the building's energy consumption is efficient or wasteful. The initial energy audit of Tower 1 was conducted quantitatively with on-site measurements over one year, covering the building's electrical system and area. The measurements indicated that the IKE of Tower 1 is 50.86 kWh/m²/year. Subsequently, the total installed electrical energy consumption load was calculated, yielding an IKE of 166.15 kWh/m²/year. Based on the initial energy audit results, energy conservation measures were recommended, including upgrading the lighting system with higher lumen lamps and adjusting air conditioning (AC) to the established standards. Implementing these recommendations resulted in an increased IKE of 176.04 kWh/m²/year, which is still considered efficient compared to the ASEAN-USAID standard of 240 kWh/m²/year.  

The use of window light as a natural lighting source in photography offers a unique blend of softness and directionality that enhances the subject's features while creating an aesthetically pleasing atmosphere. This study explores the characteristics of window light, including its intensity, color temperature, and the effects of various window placements on the final image. By understanding how to manipulate window light, photographers can achieve professional-quality results without the need for expensive lighting equipment. The findings emphasize the importance of natural light in creating dynamic and expressive photographs, making it a valuable resource for photographers at all skill levels.

Post Sectio Caesarea mothers will feel pain in the incision wound or surgical area. Pain will hinder Activities of Daily Living (ADL), attachment bonding and mobilization due to an increase in pain intensity when the mother moves. One of the non-pharmacological pain management methods is massage. The massage that can be done on Post Sectio Caesarea mothers is foot massage, because the nocireceptors or nerves that initiate the sensation of pain are located on the surface of the internal tissue and under the dense skin of the feet. Objective: To determine the results of the implementation of foot massage on the pain level of clients after caesarea section surgery at Kartini Karanganyar Regional Hospital. This research is a case study with a pre-experimental method with one group pre test-post test design. Using 2 respondents, pre-test and post-test pain scale measurements were carried out. Foot massage was carried out once with a duration of 20 minutes for 2 days, the pain scale was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The client's pain scale after caesarea section surgery before being given foot massage was in the moderate scale category and after being given foot massage it became light scale pain. There is a decrease in the client's pain scale after caesarea section surgery before and after being given foot massage in the Teratai 1 Room at Kartini Karanganyar District Hospital.  

Based on national policy, renewable energy is a source of energy that can be renewed, such as water, geothermal, sun, biomass, wind, changes in sea temperature, biogas, biofuel and sea waves. The sun is a type of renewable energy that is used to fulfill human needs. This condition is because the sun is basically eternal or never runs out, so its use is easier than other renewable energy. PLTS is a power plant that converts sunlight energy into electrical energy, often called a solar cell. This design is intended to study the hybrid PLTS design system to reduce dependence on electrical energy from PLN. A hybrid system is a system that uses two energy sources which will then back up each other. The results of this test in the solar panel test, the highest voltage was 17.51 ​​and the highest current produced by the solar panel was 4.12, and the battery charging test for 9 hours was 51.85Ah. Weather conditions and time differences cause the light intensity received by the panel to produce varying values, voltage, current and power due to uncertain weather conditions.

Solar energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources to support the transition toward clean energy, yet conventional solar cell technology still faces efficiency limitations. Perovskite materials offer a potential solution due to their superior optoelectronic properties, although challenges related to stability and toxicity remain. This study aims to analyze the interaction of electromagnetic waves with perovskite materials and to evaluate the effect of nano-scale anti-reflective coatings on improving energy conversion efficiency. The research employed a combination of electromagnetic simulations using specialized software and laboratory experiments with miniature perovskite solar cell prototypes. Simulation results demonstrated higher electromagnetic field intensity within the active layer after the addition of anti-reflective coatings, with photon absorption increased by 15–18%. Experimental validation revealed that the energy conversion efficiency improved from 16.8–17.5% without anti-reflective layers to 20.5–21.3% with TiO₂- and SiO₂-based coatings. Optical characterization using a spectrophotometer confirmed enhanced light absorption up to 90% at specific wavelengths, while SEM analysis showed that smoother and more uniform SiO₂ coatings contributed to superior performance compared to TiO₂. Minor discrepancies between simulation and experimental results were attributed to fabrication variations, yet both approaches exhibited consistent improvement trends. These findings highlight that integrating perovskite materials with nano-scale anti-reflective coatings is a key strategy for enhancing the efficiency of next-generation solar cells while supporting future clean energy sustainability.

Background: One of the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that has received a lot of attention is Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes management is divided into two ways. The first way is with non-drug therapy (non-pharmacological) and second with drug therapy. Drug therapy in the form of oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin. Non-pharmacological methods with food planning and physical exercise. The type of light physical exercise recommended for patients with type II diabetes mellitus is walking and brisk walking. Objective: To determine the effect of brisk walking to reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This review uses the literature review method. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Garuda, and Google Scholar. The search strategy used keywords with "brisk walking", "physical exercise", "glycemic control", "diabetes mellitus, type II",. Results: Seven articles were reviewed in this literature review. Six articles discussed brisk walking, one article discussed the difference in glycemic control in low - high intensity interval training with endurance training. The overall results of this review show that doing physical activity brisk walking has an effect in reducing blood glucose levels, reducing blood glucose levels by 49.75 mg/dL. Physical activity sessions can be done for 3 - 7 sessions per week with a duration of 15 - 60 minutes. Conclusion: The effect of brisk walking is proven to reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In line with the concept of environmentally friendly national development, every commercial and industrial activity must be committed to preserving the environment. This is in accordance with Law no. Regulation Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. Referring to Law No.30 of 2007 concerning Energy, which was then followed up with Government Regulation No.33 of 2023 concerning Energy conservation which requires energy users above TOE to carry out Energy conservation by conducting periodic Energy Audits of Lighting Systems and Air Conditioning Systems . This research conducted an audit of lighting and air conditioning systems by collecting data on lighting intensity, temperature and humidity in each room in the office from 08.00 – 17.00 using a lux meter measuring instrument, then the results were analyzed by referring to the Indonesian National Standards (SNI) regarding lighting and Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 13 of 2012 concerning Saving on Electricity Use. The use of electrical energy in the office work environment is still not optimal and even though the density value is satisfactory, the lighting level in the office still has rooms that do not meet SNI standards. Apart from that, the use of electrical energy for the air conditioning system is also considered insufficient so several recommendations need to be made