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This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Bravo PUPR Online attendance system in improving the work discipline of Civil Servants (ASN) at the National Road Implementation Center of East Nusa Tenggara. The research focuses on punctuality of attendance, consistency in fulfilling working hours, task completion, compliance with attendance procedures, alignment between recorded data and actual conditions, and acceptance of consequences for violations. The study employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, documentation, and interviews with leaders, system operators, and ASN as direct users. The results indicate that the implementation of the Bravo PUPR Online attendance system has improved administrative order in attendance and increased ASN awareness of time discipline. However, work discipline has not been fully optimal, as several issues remain, such as inconsistent attendance, suboptimal fulfillment of working hours, and discrepancies between attendance data and actual field conditions. In addition, technical constraints such as internet connectivity and GPS accuracy, as well as behavioral factors like negligence and lack of supervision, also affect system effectiveness. In terms of compliance, the Bravo system integrated with e-HRM is considered effective in detecting violations and enforcing strict consequences, ranging from warnings to administrative sanctions. This demonstrates that the attendance system functions not only as a recording tool but also as an instrument for monitoring discipline.

The development of digital technology and internet penetration are driving changes in consumer behavior and demanding that MSMEs not only adapt but also understand the operational motives and marketing channel integration strategies to face competition in the digital era. This study aims to examine the operational motives and technical adaptation processes of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Bali in integrating online and offline marketing channels through an omnichannel strategy to respond to intense market competition in the digital era. This descriptive qualitative research uses a multiple case study approach in three different MSME sectors: goods maintenance services, creative services, and fashion retail. Data collection was conducted through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and a review of digital activities, then analyzed through single-case and cross-case stages. The results show that MSMEs optimize digital channels as instruments to expand reach and trigger consumer emotional engagement through a visual storytelling approach, while physical stores are crucially maintained as points of sensory validation. Functional integration has been proven to accommodate the shift in consumer behavior towards a hybrid decision-making pattern. In this pattern, consumers conduct information searches and initial evaluations online, but tend to shift to offline interactions to validate quality and finalize transactions to minimize purchase risk. In conclusion, cross-channel operational synergy has proven essential in boosting the competitive advantage of MSMEs.

The development of digital technology in the Society 5.0 era presents both challenges and opportunities in history teaching, particularly regarding teachers’ ability to integrate technology and adapt to changes in students’ learning styles. This study aims to analyse the challenges faced by teachers and the strategies employed in digital-based history teaching. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) employing the PRISMA approach, involving the stages of identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion of scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025. From the selection process, 25 relevant articles were identified for qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings indicate that teachers’ digital literacy levels remain at a moderate level and are unevenly distributed, thereby affecting the sub-optimal integration of technology into teaching. Furthermore, changes in students’ learning styles which are increasingly technology-oriented require more interactive and contextual pedagogical innovations. On the other hand, the use of digital media has proven capable of enhancing student motivation and learning outcomes, although this is still hindered by limitations in infrastructure and teachers’ technical competencies. The abundance of historical information on the internet also poses challenges regarding the validity of sources, thus necessitating the strengthening of digital literacy and critical thinking. The implications of this research underscore the importance of the ongoing development of teachers’ digital skills, the improvement of educational facilities, and the implementation of innovative teaching models to ensure that history teaching becomes more relevant and effective, and is capable of fostering critical thinking skills in pupils in the digital age.

The phenomenon of cyberbullying and the spread of hoaxes among students has posed a significant threat to the ethics of the younger generation. Consequently, the education sector must take prudent action. The purpose of this study is to examine how the integration of digital ethics into the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum serves as an effort to prevent and address online behavioral violations. This research was conducted qualitatively using a desk study. Data were collected through documentary research of educational literature, Islamic moral values, and curriculum policies. In this analysis, a content analysis method was used to examine how Islamic concepts relate to the ethics of modern digital communication. The research indicates that the current PAI curriculum requires strengthening digital transaction materials through internalizing the principles of tabayyun (religious conduct) to combat hoaxes and the principles of akhlaqul karimah (good character) to reduce cyberbullying. PAI should not be limited to theoretical literature; instead, it should develop into a practical guide that helps people improve their digital lives. To create a safe and secure internet environment, the PAI curriculum must be aligned with critical digital literacy and the strengthening of religious character. It is hoped that this integration will provide students with a strong spiritual foundation to face the challenges of future technological disruption.

The internet has penetrated various aspects of human life, changing the way individuals interact with one another. Everything from reading the news and searching for information to working and studying, to fundraising, can now be done online. Fundraising, often referred to as donations, can now be done through social media. People can contribute their funds online, a process known as crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is an internet-based funding method that allows certain initiatives to be funded through contributions from many people online, without any specific time limits. This fundraising generally focuses on social, educational, or humanitarian initiatives. In Indonesia, fundraising is often carried out by non-profit organizations or individuals. The success of a fundraising campaign is influenced by several factors, such as clarity of campaign objectives and a compelling narrative to attract donors. However, fundraising is still vulnerable to abuse by irresponsible parties. Therefore, regulations in Indonesia need to be strengthened to prevent abuse and increase accountability. Rules related to fundraising are regulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 9 of 1961 concerning the Collection of Money or Goods. Thus, optimizing fundraising requires a combination of effective communication strategies, transparent management, and clear regulations. The results of this study are expected to serve as a guide for organizations and individuals seeking effective fundraising, as well as provide input for policymakers regarding fundraising regulations in Indonesia.

The rapid development of technology in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has driven the education sector to continuously adapt to the evolving demands of digital-based industries. One of the key technological innovations supporting this transformation is the Internet of Things (IoT), which enables data acquisition, real-time monitoring, and remote control of systems through internet networks. In response to these developments, a community service program was conducted to enhance the understanding and technical skills of students at SMK Negeri 1 Sindang through the provision and utilization of an IoT Trainer Kit Simulator as a practical learning medium. This activity aimed to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and industry-relevant technological applications by introducing students to hands-on IoT system implementation. The program included demonstrations and guided practice on the use of sensors, microcontrollers, and web-based monitoring platforms to simulate real-world industrial scenarios. The results indicate that students showed high enthusiasm and active participation throughout the activity. Moreover, participants were able to grasp the fundamental concepts of IoT systems, understand component integration, and recognize the relevance of IoT applications in supporting automation and digital transformation. Overall, this community service activity contributed positively to strengthening students’ digital competencies and preparedness for the demands of the contemporary industrial and technological landscape.

This study aims to improve digital money literacy among the community of Kineppen Village, Munte District, Karo Regency, through education and the implementation of the QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) payment system. The research utilized a descriptive qualitative approach, incorporating field observations, interviews, and direct mentoring with four local businesses: Ayam Penyet Pak Lek, Warkop Aim Tigander, Oke Laundry Kineppen, and Pangkas Singarimbun. The findings show that two businesses, Ayam Penyet Pak Lek and Pangkas Singarimbun, successfully adopted QRIS, leading to smoother transactions and increased customer trust. However, the other two businesses, Warkop Aim Tigander and Oke Laundry Kineppen, still face challenges in adopting the system due to limited internet access and deep-rooted traditional cash payment habits. Despite these barriers, the program significantly enhanced the digital literacy of local entrepreneurs, raising their awareness and readiness to participate in the village’s digital economy. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous support and access to technology in fostering the broader adoption of digital payment systems, particularly in rural areas where technological access may still be limited

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are a fundamental pillar of the Indonesian economy, but their potential is often hampered by the digital divide, especially in rural areas. The Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) initiative is a way for the government to encourage digital transformation and make payments more accessible to everyone. This article aims to document and analyse the process and impact of a community service programme that facilitated the adoption of QRIS among 10 MSMEs in Pematang Tengah Village, Tanjung Pura Sub-district. This activity used the Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) method, which emphasises active collaboration between the service team and MSME partners. The process included participatory planning, collaborative action in the form of intensive training and mentoring, and joint evaluation. The results showed that all 10 MSME partners successfully adopted and used QRIS for daily transactions. The significant benefits included increased transaction efficiency, improved financial record-keeping, and a more modern business image. The main challenges identified were initial doubts about the technology and unstable internet connectivity, which were successfully mitigated through personalised mentoring based on trust. It was concluded that the CBPAR (Community-Based Participatory Action Research) method is a highly effective framework for implementing technological innovation in rural MSME communities because it not only addresses technical skill gaps but also builds crucial social capital such as trust and digital confidence.

This research aims to identify and design relevant digital marketing strategies for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Sikeben Village, with the goal of enhancing business sustainability through the utilization of the village’s social media platforms. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using interviews, observations, and documentation analysis involving MSME entrepreneurs, village officials, and social media managers of the village. The findings indicate that leveraging the village’s social media can expand market reach, improve customer interaction, and construct a positive image of local products. However, challenges remain, such as limited digital literacy, internet infrastructure issues, and a lack of systematic content strategies. As a result, the study proposes a community-based digital marketing model, which includes market segmentation, strengthening local content, stakeholder collaboration, and data-driven evaluation.

Nowadays, people are more likely to make transactions online. Online transactions are the same as offline transactions, only the online buying and selling process is carried out via the internet rather than offline, where sellers and buyers meet.  In fact, when carrying out online transactions, some customers become disappointed and disadvantaged, such as when the product ordered is not suitable or is not sent by the seller, especially for customers who experience fraud with large amounts of money.  As a result, it is very important to follow Islamic business ethics when making transactions on Tokopedia.  This research uses qualitative descriptive research where researchers use the literature study method to obtain data.  The research results show that Islamic business ethics at Tokopedia fulfill several Islamic ethical principles

The increasing integration of internet technology in educational institutions requires structured network governance to ensure that digital resources support academic activities effectively. Unrestricted access to online platforms often leads to non-academic usage such as online gaming and social media engagement during instructional hours, which may reduce learning concentration and degrade network performance. This research develops and evaluates a network access control simulation using a MikroTik RouterBoard RB951Ui-2HnD device. The system applies firewall filtering mechanisms, hotspot-based authentication, and bandwidth allocation strategies through Simple Queue configuration. Network segmentation is implemented to differentiate teacher and student access privileges. The study adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach to design, configure, test, and evaluate the proposed system. Testing results indicate that the firewall configuration successfully restricts access to selected online games (Mobile Legends, Clash of Clans, Roblox) and social media platforms (YouTube, TikTok, Shopee, Instagram, Telegram). Furthermore, bandwidth management demonstrates effective traffic prioritization, ensuring more stable allocation for teacher accounts in accordance with configured maximum limits. The findings confirm that structured firewall and bandwidth policies can improve network discipline, enhance performance stability, and support a controlled digital learning environment in schools.

The computer laboratory is an essential facility in higher education that requires efficient management of usage and environmental conditions to support the teaching and learning process. However, laboratory management at the Kalimantan Business and Technology Institute is still carried out manually, including scheduling, room condition monitoring, and report creation, which is prone to errors and time-consuming. This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based laboratory monitoring system prototype to improve the effectiveness of computer laboratory management. The approach used is Research and Development (R&D) with a prototype development model, allowing for design adjustments based on user feedback iteratively. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and document studies related to laboratory conditions and analyzed to determine the main system features, such as temperature and humidity monitoring, scheduling, and report generation. The results of the study show that the developed prototype can structure the laboratory workflow, provide real-time monitoring, facilitate schedule management, and simplify report preparation. This prototype is expected to serve as a foundation for developing a more comprehensive application, improving data accuracy, time efficiency, and the quality of laboratory management.

The computer laboratory is an essential facility in higher education that requires efficient management of usage and environmental conditions to support the teaching and learning process. However, laboratory management at the Kalimantan Business and Technology Institute is still carried out manually, including scheduling, room condition monitoring, and report creation, which is prone to errors and time-consuming. This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based laboratory monitoring system prototype to improve the effectiveness of computer laboratory management. The approach used is Research and Development (R&D) with a prototype development model, allowing for design adjustments based on user feedback iteratively. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and document studies related to laboratory conditions and analyzed to determine the main system features, such as temperature and humidity monitoring, scheduling, and report generation. The results of the study show that the developed prototype can structure the laboratory workflow, provide real-time monitoring, facilitate schedule management, and simplify report preparation. This prototype is expected to serve as a foundation for developing a more comprehensive application, improving data accuracy, time efficiency, and the quality of laboratory management.

This study was motivated by the importance of the availability and quality of infrastructure as a major supporting factor for the comfort and smooth running of the lecture process at the postgraduate level. The purpose of this study was to evaluate educational facilities and infrastructure based on the perceptions of postgraduate students in the Islamic Education Study Program (PAI) using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model. This research is an evaluative study with a qualitative approach, involving PAI graduate students as research subjects. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and field observations, then analyzed using the Question Discourse technique to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the students' experiences and assessments. The results show that students view facilities and infrastructure as important to very important in supporting the lecture process. In general, the facilities are considered adequate, but there are still limitations in the air conditioning system and internet network stability, which affect the comfort and effectiveness of learning. The implications of this study emphasize the need for continuous improvement in the quality, maintenance, and management of facilities and infrastructure to support the quality of PAI postgraduate education.

The rapid expansion of internet usage has led to a significant increase in cybersecurity threats, particularly phishing attacks delivered through malicious links. Phishing links are designed to imitate legitimate websites in order to deceive users and steal sensitive information. This study presents the implementation of a phishing link detection website based on SSL validation and URL scoring mechanisms. The proposed system integrates heuristic-based URL analysis with real-time SSL certificate validation obtained through the SSL handshake process. Digital certificates are verified using RSA-based digital signature verification issued by trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs). In addition, the SHA-256 hash algorithm is employed to generate certificate fingerprints and URL hashes to ensure data integrity and uniqueness. The system also evaluates HTTPS usage, domain and certificate consistency, certificate validity period, and RSA public key strength. All validation results are processed using a URL scoring system to generate a security score ranging from 0 to 100, which classifies links into safe, suspicious, or dangerous categories. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed website is capable of effectively identifying phishing indicators and providing transparent cryptographic evidence in real time. This approach can assist users in making informed decisions and improving protection against phishing threats in web environments.

This study aims to describe the implementation of the curriculum in mathematics learning at Al Ihsan Yapis Kotaraja Elementary School in the context of the Merdeka Curriculum. The focus of the study includes learning planning, learning implementation, the use of media and learning resources, the role of teachers and schools, and learning evaluation. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing using triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results show that the implementation of the curriculum in mathematics learning has been quite effective. Teachers apply student-centered learning through differentiated learning and various learning strategies, such as lectures, discussions, and deep learning approaches. The most widely used media and learning resources are printed books and the internet. Teachers and schools play an important role in creating active learning and supporting the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, learning evaluation is still dominated by written tests, so it does not fully reflect authentic assessment in accordance with learning objectives. Therefore, improvements are needed in the application of authentic assessment and the integration of learning objectives, learning strategies, and assessment techniques so that curriculum implementation can run more optimally.

The development of deepfake technology, which utilises artificial intelligence to manipulate images, videos and sounds, has led to a serious threat of sextortion. In the Indonesian context, high internet penetration and low awareness of digital security increase the risk of this crime. This research analyses the legal consequences of the misuse of deepfake technology in sextortion based on the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE). Using normative juridical methods and descriptive-qualitative analysis, this research examines the legal challenges faced in enforcing sanctions against this crime and provides recommendations to strengthen the legal framework in Indonesia. The results show that there are gaps in the legal framework that need to be addressed, as well as the importance of education and capacity building of law enforcement in dealing with cybercrime. In addition, the development of more sophisticated deepfake detection technology is expected to be a solution in tackling this abuse in the future.

This research is motivated by the problem of uneven bandwidth distribution in hotspot internet services at Oey Alycia Resto & Cafe, which negatively affects connection quality for users. The purpose of this study is to design and implement a bandwidth limitation-based hotspot internet system by applying a Fair Usage Policy (FUP) using Mikrotik devices, in order to achieve fair and efficient internet access distribution. The research method includes network requirement analysis, network topology design, Mikrotik RouterOS configuration, and system performance testing through direct observation and user questionnaires. The system implementation involves hotspot user authentication, per-user bandwidth allocation, and automatic speed reduction when data usage exceeds the predefined FUP threshold. The results show that the implemented system effectively limits excessive bandwidth usage by individual users, improves network stability, and ensures equitable internet access for all hotspot users. Furthermore, questionnaire results indicate positive user responses regarding improved internet service quality after the application of FUP. This research implies that the proposed system enhances the effectiveness of hotspot bandwidth management and can serve as a practical solution for public network administrators in optimizing bandwidth usage in a fair and controlled manner.

The development of information technology requires innovative learning media to improve the quality of instruction in elementary schools. One technology-based learning medium that can be utilized is Kahoot as an interactive quiz. This study aims to describe the implementation of Kahoot in science learning on the topic of plant structure and functions and its effects on students’ conceptual understanding, learning activeness, and motivation in fourth-grade elementary school students. This research employed a descriptive approach with data collection techniques including observation, learning outcome tests, and documentation. The results indicate that the use of Kahoot creates a more interactive and engaging learning environment, increases students’ active participation, and enhances their understanding of plant structure and function concepts. In addition, Kahoot is effective as an evaluation tool because it provides immediate feedback and presents learning outcomes quickly and systematically. However, the use of Kahoot also has limitations, particularly its dependence on the availability of digital devices and stable internet access. Therefore, Kahoot can be used as an innovative alternative learning medium, provided that school conditions are considered and it is combined with other learning methods to optimize science learning.

The increasing complexity and scale of modern network traffic driven by IoT and cloud-based infrastructures have made accurate intrusion detection a critical challenge. Conventional network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) and many deep learning–based approaches struggle to reliably detect minority and stealthy attacks due to severe class imbalance and limited discrimination of subtle traffic patterns. To address these limitations, this study proposes a hybrid CNN–RBF–Attention framework for network intrusion detection. The proposed model integrates three complementary components: (i) a convolutional neural network for hierarchical feature extraction from network flow data, (ii) a radial basis function (RBF) network for localized nonlinear classification using prototype-based decision regions, and (iii) an attention mechanism that adaptively weights RBF activations to emphasize discriminative traffic patterns. SMOTE is applied exclusively to the training data to mitigate class imbalance. The framework is evaluated on the widely used CICIDS2017 and CICIDS2018 benchmark datasets in both binary and multiclass settings, using recall, precision, F1-score, confusion matrices, and ROC analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid model consistently outperforms standalone CNN and RBF baselines, particularly in terms of recall and F1-score. On the CICIDS2018 dataset, the model achieves 99.81% accuracy and 99.81% F1-score in binary classification, and 99.54% accuracy and 99.54% F1-score in multiclass classification. On CICIDS2017, it achieves 98.12% accuracy and 98.12% F1-score in binary classification, and 98.92% accuracy and 98.92% F1-score in multiclass classification. Confusion matrix and ROC analyses further show strong class separability and reliable performance in low–false-positive-rate regions, which is critical for real-world IDS deployment. These results confirm that combining deep hierarchical feature learning, localized prototype-based classification, and attention-guided refinement yields a robust, operationally reliable intrusion detection framework for highly imbalanced network environments.