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This study investigates the relationship between corporate governance characteristics, financial structure, and Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) disclosure in Indonesian non-financial firms. Focusing on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2023, the analysis examines whether board size, the proportion of independent commissioners, and leverage influence the extent of ERM disclosure. Using a quantitative approach, multiple linear regression is applied to secondary data obtained from firms’ annual reports. The findings indicate that board size and the proportion of independent commissioners do not have a significant effect on ERM disclosure, while leverage exhibits a positive and significant relationship. This result suggests that firms with higher debt levels are more inclined to enhance risk disclosure as a mechanism to address information asymmetry and demonstrate accountability to investors and creditors. The study contributes to the ERM and corporate governance literature by providing evidence from an emerging market setting and highlighting the practical importance of financial structure in shaping risk transparency, offering relevant insights for corporate decision-makers and regulators to strengthen sustainable risk management practices.

Cooperatives play a significant role in Indonesia’s economic system because they aim to enhance member welfare through collective ownership and cooperative principles. To maintain accountability, cooperatives are required to prepare financial reports following the Financial Accounting Standards for Entities Without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP). This study examines how SAK ETAP is applied in the financial reporting practices of Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) Mandiri Sejahtera, Comal Branch. Using a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, data were gathered through interviews and an analysis of the 2022 financial statements. The results indicate that although the cooperative has implemented several elements of SAK ETAP, full compliance has not been achieved due to limited human resources and the absence of an integrated reporting system. Nevertheless, the preparation of PPAP reports reflects prudence in managing credit risk and highlights the need for digital systems and improved accounting skills to strengthen transparent and accountable financial management.

Ethical leadership is a crucial foundation for building an organizational culture of integrity, especially in this era of technological disruption and socio-economic complexity. This study examines how ethical leadership is implemented at Kopdit Bintang Timur, a credit union in Sikka Regency, to shape an organizational culture of integrity. Employing a descriptive narrative method with interview and observation techniques targeting managers and deputy managers, this research finds that ethical values such as honesty, fairness, and mutual cooperation are instilled through leader role modeling, transparent financial management, and active member participation. Key challenges include the difficulty of maintaining ethics amidst personal interests; however, routine oversight systems and fair complaint handling help to maintain integrity. The results indicate that ethical leadership contributes to member trust and organizational sustainability. Recommendations for development include formal ethics training programs and the utilization of technology to enhance transparency.

This study aims to assess the quality of financial reporting at the Arda Jaya Diesel car repair shop on Jalan Dg Hayo Antang 3. The data used are numerical data or quantitative methods. The study was conducted by collecting data from the repair shop's financial reports, such as revenue, expenses, debt, inventory, and fixed assets. The assessment was carried out by examining whether the repair shop has followed accounting principles, how to record transactions, and whether the profit and loss statements and balance sheets are accurate and reliable. The method used is a case study supported by interviews and direct observations at the repair shop. The results show that many repair shops still record their finances simply and do not follow proper accounting standards. Therefore, financial reports need to be improved to assist business decision-making and meet the reporting needs of external parties such as creditors and investors.

This study aims to analyze the development of debit card, credit card, and e-money usage and inflation in Indonesia, while also examining the effect of these three payment instruments on inflation from January 2015 to July 2025. The method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM) with the help of Eviews 12 software, while data was obtained from Bank Indonesia (BI) and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results show that in the long term, debit cards do not have a significant impact on inflation. Conversely, credit cards have a positive and significant impact, indicating that increased credit card usage can drive up inflation. On the other hand, e-money has a negative and significant effect on inflation in the long term, so that increased e-money transactions actually tend to suppress inflation. In the short term, these three payment instruments—debit cards, credit cards, and e-money—do not show a significant impact on inflation in Indonesia. These findings provide insight into the dynamics of non-cash payment instruments and provide assurance regarding price stability.

This study aims to analyze the effect of burnout and turnover intention on employee performance in banks. Declining performance and high work pressure in the micro banking sector are important reasons for conducting this study. The research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, involving 42 respondents from the credit, marketing, and teller divisions. Data collection was carried out through the distribution of questionnaires using a 1–5 point Likert scale, which were then analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method through the SmartPLS 4 application. The results show that both burnout and turnover intention negatively affect employee performance. This means that as employees experience higher levels of emotional exhaustion and a stronger intention to leave their job, their performance declines. The study highlights the importance of addressing these psychological factors to enhance employee performance. The findings imply that company management should focus on improving the psychological well-being of employees to ensure the stability of organizational performance, reduce turnover, and maintain a productive workforce.

This study analyzes the mechanism of money creation in Islamic financial institutions by highlighting its relationship to the principle of prudence and the intermediation function. The research background is based on the growth of Indonesia's sharia capital market which by 2025 will reach a capitalization of IDR 5,060 trillion, but still faces conceptual challenges regarding how money is created according to the principles of maqashid al-shariah. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with PRISMA guidance on 38 relevant scientific articles. The results of the study show that money creation in the sharia system only occurs through real asset-based economic activities, in contrast to the conventional system that relies on credit and interest expansion. The intermediation function is carried out through partnerships that prioritize proportional sharing of risk and profit, while the prudential principle ensures that monetary expansion remains under control. In addition, research has found that sharia contracts such as murabahah, mudarabah, and musharakah play a role in encouraging productive money circulation while suppressing speculative activities. This study concludes that the integration between the moral and economic dimensions forms a just, stable, and sustainable Islamic monetary paradigm. These findings make a conceptual contribution to strengthening Islamic financial policy in Indonesia, especially in formulating a monetary regulatory framework that is in line with the principles of distributive justice, transparency, and protection of the stability of the national financial system.

The purpose of this research is to analyze how strategies for collecting and managing Third Party Funds (DPK) affect the profitability level of Bank Jatim. As the bank’s main funding source, the effectiveness of DPK management significantly determines its ability to distribute credit, maintain liquidity, and improve financial performance. This research applies a qualitative descriptive methodology within a case study framework at Bank Jatim, with data collected through comprehensive field observations. conducted during the MBKM internship program in the Accounting and Financial Management Division, complemented by the analysis of Bank Jatim’s financial statements for the 2024–2025 period. The findings reveal that the 15% growth in DPK in 2024 positively contributed to the increase in productive assets, net interest margin (NIM), and return on assets (ROA). Bank Jatim’s main strategies include increasing the proportion of low-cost funds (CASA), digitalizing services through the JConnect application, collaborating with local governments, and providing exclusive services for priority customers. These approaches not only promote the growth of low-cost funds but also strengthen customer loyalty and the bank’s competitiveness amid the evolving banking landscape. The study concludes that innovative, efficient, and digitally based DPK management enhances Bank Jatim’s profitability and reinforces its role as a regional development bank. The study recommends strengthening financial literacy among the public and diversifying deposit products to expand the customer base..      Keywords: Third Party Funds, Bank Jatim, Profitability, Digital Banking, Financial Management Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana strategi penghimpunan dan pengelolaan Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) berpengaruh terhadap tingkat profitabilitas Bank Jatim. Sebagai sumber pendanaan utama, efektivitas pengelolaan DPK memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga kemampuan bank untuk menyalurkan kredit, mempertahankan likuiditas, serta meningkatkan kinerja keuangan secara keseluruhan. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus pada Bank Jatim. Data dikumpulkan melalui kegiatan observasi langsung di lapangan. program magang di Divisi Akuntansi dan Manajemen Keuangan, serta melalui analisis laporan keuangan Bank Jatim periode 2024–2025.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan DPK sebesar 15% pada tahun 2024 memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan aset produktif, Net Interest Margin (NIM), dan Return on Assets (ROA). Strategi utama yang diterapkan Bank Jatim mencakup peningkatan proporsi dana murah (CASA), digitalisasi layanan melalui aplikasi JConnect, kolaborasi dengan pemerintah daerah, serta penyediaan layanan eksklusif bagi nasabah prioritas. Strategi tersebut tidak hanya berhasil mendorong peningkatan dana murah, tetapi juga memperkuat loyalitas nasabah dan daya saing Bank Jatim di tengah ketatnya persaingan industri perbankan.Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan DPK yang inovatif, efisien, dan berbasis digital berkontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan profitabilitas Bank Jatim sekaligus memperkuat perannya sebagai bank pembangunan daerah. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya peningkatan literasi keuangan masyarakat serta diversifikasi produk simpanan untuk memperluas basis nasabah   Kata kunci: Dana Pihak ketiga, Bank Jatim, keuntungan , Digital Banking, Financial Management

This study analyzes the mechanism of money creation in Islamic financial institutions by examining its relationship with prudential principles and financial intermediation. The research is motivated by the growth of Indonesia’s Islamic capital market, which reached a capitalization of IDR 5,060 trillion in 2025, yet conceptual challenges remain regarding money creation in line with maqashid al-shariah. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA framework, reviewing 38 relevant academic articles. Findings indicate that money creation in Islamic finance occurs only through real-asset-based activities, differing from the conventional system that relies on credit expansion and interest. Intermediation functions are carried out through partnerships emphasizing fair risk and profit sharing, while the prudential principle ensures controlled monetary expansion. The study concludes that the integration of moral and economic dimensions establishes a fair, stable, and sustainable Islamic monetary paradigm and contributes conceptually to strengthening Islamic financial policy in Indonesia.

This study aims to examine the impact of credit risk, liquidity, and operational efficiency on the profitability of Regional Government Banks (BPD) in Indonesia, and to explore the moderating role of female commissioners on the relationship between credit risk and profitability. The research uses a quantitative approach with secondary data from 2020 to 2024, utilizing regression analysis. The findings indicate that liquidity (LDR) and operational efficiency (BOPO) have a significant positive impact on profitability (ROA), while credit risk (NPL) does not significantly affect profitability. The presence of female commissioners shows a negative effect in the direct model, but this becomes insignificant with moderation, suggesting that the influence of gender diversity in banking governance may differ depending on the context. The study contributes to the literature by highlighting the critical role of liquidity management and operational efficiency in enhancing profitability, and offers practical implications for improving governance and performance in Regional Government Bank.

This study examines the influence of credit interest rates and third-party funds on the credit distribution of PT BPR BKK Banjarharjo, Brebes Regency, using a quantitative approach based on secondary data from monthly financial reports between 2020 and 2024, amounting to 60 observations. The results show that, partially, credit interest rates exert a negative and significant effect on credit distribution, while third-party funds demonstrate a positive and significant impact. Simultaneous testing further confirms that both variables collectively have a significant influence on credit distribution. These findings emphasize the importance of banking institutions in carrying out their intermediation function effectively, where the ability to maintain competitive credit interest rates and strengthen public fund mobilization becomes a strategic necessity to improve credit growth and financial stability. Moreover, the study highlights the role of micro-banking as a foundation for regional economic development, particularly in rural areas where local banks serve as drivers of community empowerment and sustainable economic activity. By reinforcing prudent management of interest rates and optimizing fund collection, banks can ensure not only improved financial performance but also the expansion of credit access for micro, small, and medium enterprises. The outcomes of this research are expected to provide practical contributions to policymakers in the banking sector, enrich scientific literature in financial management, and serve as a relevant reference for subsequent studies focusing on credit distribution, financial intermediation, and the development of microfinance institutions.

The financial sector plays an important role in promoting Indonesia's economic recovery. This study was conducted to determine the effect of credit to priority sectors on economic growth on the island of Sumatera. The data analysis technique used is dynamic panel data regression analysis with the system-GMM approach. The results of this study indicate that credit for the agricultural, forestry, and fishery sectors; manufacturing sector; the accommodation and food and drink provision sector can increase economic growth on the island of Sumatera, while the construction sector credit; wholesale and retail trade sector; and the transportation and warehousing sectors have a negative influence on economic growth. This shows that the credit of the banking sector has a positive and negative influence on economic growth on the island of Sumatera. Therefore, banks and the government are expected to increase financial literacy to the community and improve internet facilities, especially in rural areas.

This article analyzes the fundamental differences between the mechanisms of fund collection and fund distribution in Islamic banks and conventional banks in Indonesia, based on DSN-MUI Fatwas and banking regulations. In general, both types of banks serve the same function—to collect and distribute funds to support economic activities. However, the main distinction lies in their operational principles. Conventional banks operate using a fixed interest system, establishing a creditor–debtor relationship. In contrast, Islamic banks operate based on Sharia principles that prohibit riba (usury). In fund collection, conventional banks use interest-based savings and deposit products, while Islamic banks apply Wadiah (safekeeping) and Mudharabah (profit-sharing investment) contracts. Regarding fund distribution, conventional banks provide interest-bearing loans, whereas Islamic banks offer financing through Sharia contracts such as Murabahah (cost-plus sale), Musyarakah (partnership), Mudharabah (profit-sharing), and Ijarah (leasing), emphasizing cooperation and risk-sharing. Although Islamic banking is regulated under Law No. 21 of 2008 and DSN-MUI Fatwas, it still faces several challenges, including the dominance of Murabahah financing and the low level of public literacy regarding Islamic financial systems.

Islamic banking plays a crucial role in providing financing in accordance with Islamic principles, including through the Home Ownership Credit (KPR) product. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Murabahah and Musyarakah Mutanaqishah (MMQ) contracts in the iB Hijrah KPR financing product at Bank Muamalat KCP Rancaekek. The Murabahah contract is implemented through a sale and purchase mechanism, where the bank purchases the house the customer needs and resells it with an agreed profit margin, thus providing price certainty and a simple process. Meanwhile, the MMQ contract is based on a partnership between the bank and the customer with a concept of joint ownership that gradually decreases, thus creating flexibility and a more balanced risk sharing. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through literature studies, interviews, and observations. The results of the analysis show that the majority of customers prefer the Murabahah contract due to its simplicity, although in the long term, MMQ is seen as more economical and fair. Thus, both contracts are equally relevant to support Sharia-based home ownership. This research is expected to contribute to Islamic banking in improving service quality, strengthening Islamic financial literacy, and encouraging innovation in competitive and sustainable financing products.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the murabahah contract in the Home Ownership Credit (KPR) financing product at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Cimahi Branch Office. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results show that the KPR financing mechanism at BSI Cimahi Branch Office has been running in accordance with sharia principles established by the National Sharia Council (DSN-MUI). The process starts from customer application, wakalah contract, to the implementation of the murabahah contract with the principle of transparency of the principal price and profit margin agreed in advance and fixed throughout the financing tenor. The implementation of this system provides payment certainty for customers and protects against the risk of interest rate fluctuations. In terms of performance, Murabahah KPR financing at BSI Cimahi Branch Office has contributed significantly to the financing portfolio with a low level of Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and positive growth every year. However, challenges still exist in the amount of the down payment and the attachment of a fixed margin that can be a burden for customers with limited financial capabilities. Overall, the murabahah contract has proven to be an effective, transparent, and sharia-compliant instrument in supporting home ownership for the Muslim community in Indonesia.

The use of BRIMEN (BRI Document Management System) in digital document processing operations during internship activities at the Medan Regional Office of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. is the main focus of this article. The objective of this study is to understand how the BRIMEN system contributes to the storage, retrieval, and classification of documents, particularly in relation to credit document management. This system was introduced to address common issues found in manual archiving, such as limited storage space, difficulties in document retrieval, and the risk of errors in preserving clients’ physical records. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach through direct observation and active participation in daily workflows. The findings indicate that BRIMEN significantly improves operational efficiency by providing a more systematic and secure digitalization procedure for banking documents. The system not only reduces the risk of loss or damage to physical archives but also accelerates the process of data retrieval when required by work units. Through its classification and tracking features, BRIMEN ensures better consistency between digital data and physical documents, although several technical challenges remain, such as restricted access to storage rooms and difficulties in scanning older or non-standard documents. Overall, the results highlight the importance of implementing a well-structured digital document management system to support the smooth operation of modern banking institutions. BRIMEN represents a tangible step in BRI’s digital transformation, strengthening data security while simultaneously improving the quality of credit services delivered to customers. With continuous improvement, this system has the potential to serve as a model for digital document management that can be more widely adopted across Indonesia’s banking sector.

This study aims to examine the effect of liquidity, profitability, leverage, and accounts receivable turnover on financial distress. The sample used in this study is banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2021-2024 period. The population sample in this study is 47 companies. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling method, resulting in 10 companies. The type of data for this study is secondary data obtained from www.idx.co.id. The analytical method used was multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously, the variables liquidity, profitability, leverage, and accounts receivable turnover significantly influence financial distress. Partially, the liquidity variable has a negative and significant effect on financial distress, while the profitability variable has a negative and significant effect on financial distress. Leverage and accounts receivable turnover have no effect on financial distress. Furthermore, the Adjusted R-square coefficient is 95.3%, indicating that 4.7% is influenced by other variables. These findings suggest that companies with better liquidity and profitability levels have a lower probability of experiencing financial distress. This aligns with the theory that high liquidity ensures the availability of cash to meet short-term obligations, while strong profitability supports operational sustainability and investor confidence. On the other hand, leverage and accounts receivable turnover did not significantly affect financial distress, which may indicate that banking companies have a more stable debt structure and effective credit management, reducing their influence on distress conditions. This research provides practical insights for company management, investors, and regulators. For managers, maintaining optimal liquidity and profitability levels is essential to prevent financial difficulties. For investors, liquidity and profitability indicators can serve as reliable references for investment decision-making.

Banking is a key pillar of the financial system, playing a crucial role as an intermediary between those with excess funds and those in need of financing. In the context of post-pandemic economic recovery in the 2022–2024 period, bank sustainability and resilience, particularly in terms of profit-generating ability, are crucial aspects to consider. This study was conducted to analyze the extent to which capital structure and intermediation efficiency influence the profitability of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Capital structure in this study is proxied by the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), while intermediation efficiency is measured by the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). The profitability indicator used is Return on Assets (ROA), which reflects a bank's effectiveness in utilizing its assets to generate profits. This research methodology uses a quantitative approach through multiple linear regression analysis with secondary data in the form of annual financial reports from 111 banks for the 2022–2024 period. The analysis results show that simultaneously, CAR and LDR variables have a significant effect on ROA. Furthermore, both variables have been shown to contribute positively to increasing bank profitability. In other words, maintaining adequate capital and efficient credit management can strengthen overall financial performance. This finding offers strategic implications for bank management in formulating capital and liquidity management policies. Optimizing these two aspects not only impacts short-term profit achievement but also contributes to the stability and sustainability of banking profitability in the long term. Therefore, banks need to ensure a strong capital strategy coupled with efficient intermediation to be more resilient in facing future economic dynamics.

The use of credit by the public is generally driven by the need and desire to meet certain requirements that cannot be fulfilled with cash. Credit makes it easier for people to meet their various needs, especially for those who do not have enough funds at the time. However, in practice, there are often obstacles such as payment delays, breaches of agreed-upon deadlines, and discrepancies in the recording of installment payments. These issues can create problems for both the creditor and the debtor. This study aims to examine the use of the credit concept by the community and analyze how credit helps fulfill the needs of the community. The study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive research approach. Data collection was done through observation, interviews, and document gathering. The collected data were then analyzed by presenting the data and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the use of the credit concept by the community in Rantau Panjang Estate to meet their needs has fulfilled the conditions of a muamalah agreement in accordance with the principles of buying and selling. First, the people involved in the transaction, namely the seller and the buyer, must meet the requirements of being rational, consenting freely, and agreeing mutually. Second, the agreement between the seller and the buyer must include the price and the payment period that both parties have agreed upon. Third, the object or goods being sold must have utility and be clearly defined in terms of its nature, size, and type. Fourth, the price must be clear, with the credit price being higher than the cash price. Additionally, the use of credit by the community in Rantau Panjang Estate has also applied the principles of the Islamic market mechanism, such as Ar-Ridha (mutual consent), healthy competition, honesty, transparency, and justice. This indicates that the credit transactions conducted are in accordance with the rules of Islam and can serve as a fair model for all parties involved.

The digital economy has significantly transformed economic growth by introducing innovations in payment systems and financial services. The modernization of payment instruments through monetary policy has enhanced the ability to control inflation and ensure financial system stability. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of monetary policy and the utilization of the digital economy in maintaining financial stability in Indonesia. Using time series data from 2010 to 2024 obtained from the World Bank, this research applies the Vector Autoregression (VAR) method to examine both short-term and long-term relationships among variables, including e-money, money supply, inflation, exchange rate, interest rate, and credit card usage. The results show that e-money has a significant reciprocal influence on the money supply, while inflation is also affected by e-money and interest rates. The impulse response function demonstrates that the interactions among these variables tend to converge towards equilibrium over time. Variance decomposition analysis indicates that in the short term, e-money primarily drives financial stability, whereas in the medium and long term, the money supply plays a dominant role. Overall, the findings suggest that monetary policy, supported by digital economic systems, effectively enhances financial system stability in Indonesia. This research contributes to understanding the dual effect of digital payment innovations and provides recommendations for policymakers to strengthen financial inclusion, economic resilience, and macro-financial stability in the digital era.