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Employment agreements are essential legal instruments that regulate the rights and obligations of workers and employers in industrial relations, aiming to ensure legal certainty and balance. In practice, however, the implementation of employment contracts often faces challenges such as differing interpretations, unequal bargaining positions, and inconsistent application of labor regulations. These issues require an effective and constructive dispute resolution mechanism that can address contractual problems while preserving employment relationships. In the Indonesian labor law system, mediation is recognized as a key non-litigation mechanism facilitated by government-appointed mediators to help parties reach mutually acceptable solutions. This study examines the mediation mechanism for resolving employment agreement disputes in Indonesia and analyzes its role as an alternative to court proceedings that emphasizes deliberation, efficiency, and cooperation. Using a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes relevant labor laws, mediation regulations, and legal doctrines through a comprehensive literature review. The findings show that mediation is conducted through structured stages, including dispute registration with labor authorities, mediator appointment, facilitated negotiations, and the formulation of agreements or written recommendations. Mediation effectively promotes consensual solutions, reduces procedural complexity, and encourages cooperative communication. It also supports the preservation of harmonious and sustainable employment relationships by prioritizing consensus over adversarial processes. Strengthening mediator competence and improving legal awareness among workers and employers are therefore crucial to optimizing the effectiveness of mediation in resolving employment agreement disputes in Indonesia.

In the customary law system, there is a pattern of punishment and prosecution which is more or less similar to the Islamic legal system, where the role of the victim's family is very important in determining whether or not the perpetrator will be prosecuted and punished. In customary law, legal settlements are carried out with an emphasis on togetherness or harmony. Settlement of criminal cases, especially bullying through customary law, is a process of resolving cases outside of court which consists of first, a mediation system with a consensus approach through deliberation. Second, the restorative justice system is a case resolution system with the aim of restoring the situation that arose for the victim so that a sense of brotherhood between each party is re-established. This system produces an agreement that is a win-win solution, guarantees the confidentiality of the parties' disputes, avoids delays caused by procedural and administrative matters, and resolves problems comprehensively together and while maintaining good relations. Thus, these customary sanctions do not provide legal protection and fulfillment of children's rights for children who are victims of sexual violence. In sexual crimes against children, children are positioned as victims who experience detrimental impacts, namely physical and psychological harm. Therefore, it is mandatory to be protected, not judged.

As the ideological and philosophical basis of the Indonesian state, Pancasila plays an important role in the formation of national laws and regulations. This journal examines three main aspects of the function of Pancasila in law. First, Pancasila serves as a normative framework to ensure that laws are in accordance with basic values such as justice, humanity, and unity. Second, Pancasila strengthens legal legitimacy and political consensus in the midst of modern political dynamics that are often polarized. Third, there are problems in implementing Pancasila values in law, such as inconsistencies between positive laws and people's aspirations, as well as bureaucratic constraints. In addition, the journal discusses how the values of Pancasila should be instilled and taught, how it helps strengthen constitutional democracy, as well as its relationship to economic law, human rights, environmental issues, and international law. This journal emphasizes how important it is to apply the principles of Pancasila in facing global challenges and maintaining the integrity of the nation. The research method used in this article is a qualitative approach with document analysis and literature studies on laws, court decisions, and other legal sources. The results of the study show that the application of Pancasila in law in Indonesia still faces various challenges, but it has great potential to strengthen the national legal system, especially in the aspects of social justice and constitutional democracy.

The flood management program at the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex is an effort and method to overcome flood disasters when water overflows and the inability of the embankments and the Angke river sheet pile to accommodate water deliveries from Bogor, West Java. The flow of the Kali Angke River which is right at the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex is the flow and end point of the Kali Angke Channel. So all the problems with the flow of the Kali Angke river are centered on the Bukit Sawangan Indah housing complex because the position of the housing complex is an estuary. The aim of this research is to determine the level of community participation in overcoming flood disasters in the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex, Duren Mekar Village, Bojong Sari District, Depok City, from all sides and how to deal with it. The steps in efforts to overcome flood disasters are starting to seek aspirations and attracting community sympathy in protecting and preserving the surrounding environment, increasing community awareness, then instilling the values of deliberation and consensus, fostering the values of mutual cooperation and cooperation, mingling and helping fellow local residents to maintain one condition and another. In realizing community participation in overcoming the threat of flooding in the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex, Duren Mekar District, Depok City, the author used descriptive qualitative research. Even though this research has obstacles in its efforts to overcome, efforts are being made immediately to preserve the environment in the future. With awareness of the challenges and commitment to continuous improvement, the collaboration of all parties, namely the Bukit Sawangan Indah housing community itself, RT/RW management, youth organization management, firefighters and the Tagana team has the potential to create a more efficient and responsive environment in the improvement process for dealing with flood disasters.

This research aims to identify and analyze the decision-making style of the principal at SMA Negeri 3 Panyabungan. The research method used is qualitative and based on a case study approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation and document analysis. This type of research is carried out using data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research show: 1) that the principal's decision making style adheres to a rational style, 2) the principal involves related staff, teachers and several representatives of students, 3) obstacles in decision making are often caused by differences of opinion, 4) The solution to facing problem obstacles is to conduct consensus deliberation and take the majority vote. In addition, school principals also show flexibility in adapting their decision-making style according to specific situations and needs, such as when dealing with critical situations or complex problems.

There are 514 urban areas in the archipelagic nation of Indonesia (Ministry of Home Affairs, 2016). There are many cities in Indonesia that are able to provide a sense of comfort and security for their residents, this of course has an impact on population growth. However, the amount of waste that can be generated and stored is limited by the carrying capacity of the urban environment. Using the idea of ​​a "green city" which consists of nine elements of road infrastructure, traffic, green open space, clean water, noise, energy, housing, clean air and buildings is one way to overcome the above problems. All these qualities need to be utilized immediately with a comprehensive systems approach and in accordance with economic, social and environmental principles in sustainable development. Blue economy approaches can be used to eliminate waste. The “blue economy” is a term that is becoming increasingly popular in today's seas and oceans. The aim of this concept is to combine sea base development opportunities with environmental management and protection. Four conceptual interpretations of the blue economy were determined through research into the dominant discourse in international economic policy documents. How the blue economy works is also examined through an “in practice” analysis of the blue economy and related actors. Next, the scope and focus of the blue economy is explored specifically on the maritime industry, which is included or excluded in various conceptualizations. This analysis reveals areas of agreement and conflict. The consensus range reflects the growing trend towards the commercialization and valuation of nature, delineating and defining maritime boundaries and enhancing the security of the world's oceans. There are several areas of conflict, particularly disputes over the legitimacy of individuals as part of the “blue economy”, highly carbon-intensive industries such as oil and gas and the growing deep sea mining industry. Oceans are becoming increasingly important in terms of potential international trade opportunities through intermediaries and buyers. the behavior of the model supporting such a relationship in the ocean is acceptable from a regular and economic point of view. The relationship between land and sea is increasing in the role and importance of the "blue economy" as the term emerges in the background. . A literature review was conducted to analyze the correct definition of the blue economy. This definition is analyzed based on the minimum requirements that are important for the blue economy. This article also tries to compile various types of activities related to marine services. This is done to determine what can be considered priority areas for blue economic growth. The blue economy concept is based on national economic development. This is comprehensively useful for achieving overall national development. Environmental accounting is stated as a process of reducing negative values ​​and creating positive values ​​in environmental accountability.

In industrial relations, there will definitely be conflicts between companies and workers related to differences in ideas which result in industrial relations problems or known as industrial relations disputes. Based on this, if an industrial relations dispute occurs and the company or workers do not find a good decision then this dispute will be handed over to the labor union to be resolved so as to obtain a mutually beneficial solution between the two disputing parties. This research aims to find out how labor unions can be a solution to resolving industrial relations disputes that occur between companies and workers. In order to gain accurate information and avoid changing any data, this research adopts a descriptive analytic method, gathering data from journals and publications published by competent and qualified authors. The topic taken to conduct this research is the concept of resolving employment contract disputes through labor unions. The results of this research are the concept used by trade unions, namely through deliberation to reach consensus in a friendly and open manner so that disputes can be resolved peacefully and ensure that no party is harmed.

Consensus problems need communication between two or more agents. The existence of time delay in communication makes every agent doesn’t get the real-time states of the other agents. The main problem of delay system is the response starts slowing down and oscillating when the gain is increasing. This paper proposes a predictor-feedback that reduces the effect of time delay. The predictor itself utilizes the complete subgraphs. Analytically the result generates faster response compared to the system without the predictor. Then, the proved solution is supported by a numerical solution.

The process of passing on or transferring family assets to children, to family descendants begins when the parents are still alive. The transfer of rights to assets in Muslim communities in Indonesia, apart from being in the form of inheritance, is also known in the form of gifts and wills. Looking at the phenomenon in Langkap village, researchers are interested in the practice of dividing inheritances, gifts and wills with economic considerations for the heirs, civil servant heirs will receive a smaller amount of inheritance than non-civil servant heirs. The distribution is based on the agreement of the heirs because this distribution prioritizes the principle of deliberation and consensus between the heirs. It should be noted that the phenomenon of inheritance distribution that occurs in Langkap village adheres to one of the hereditary systems that exist in Indonesia, namely the bilateral system. This bilateral system attracts both the father's and mother's lineages, so that in this kind of family, in essence, there is no distinction between the heirs from the mother's side or the father's side. The reasons for dividing inherited assets based on economic considerations include, among other things, a sense of compassion, avoiding inequality. economy, and avoid conflict. Ways to avoid conflict can be done by dividing inheritance assets taking into account the economic considerations of the heirs, dividing inheritance assets equally, deliberation and handing over problems to the village.