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In the context of Indonesia's post-pandemic financial market dynamics, investment and financing decisions often face challenges of cash flow uncertainty and capital cost volatility, requiring a Profitability Index (PI) and Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) perspective to ensure optimal resource allocation to maximize company value. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of investment and financing decisions through the integration of PI and WACC based on a synthesis of the latest literature. A descriptive qualitative approach was used through a literature study with secondary data from financial journals and textbooks from 2021-2025, collected from Google Scholar and university repositories, then analyzed thematically with data reduction, presentation, and literature triangulation to interpret the PI, IRR, and WACC indicators. The results show that PI is consistently >1 (ratio of 1.15-1.45) and IRR > WACC (average of 10-12%), confirming the feasibility of 70% of manufacturing projects, while WACC of 9.8% from the optimal capital structure (debt ratio of 40-50%) supports an effective tax shield, despite being constrained by multiple IRRs, conflicting metric rankings, and BI interest rate fluctuations that increase implicit costs by up to 15%. It can be concluded that PI-WACC integration increases theoretical profitability by 12% through precise allocation, but is limited by the generalization of secondary data; a hybrid model with mixed-method validation is recommended for the non-manufacturing sector in emerging markets.

This study aims to examine the effect of green innovation on company value, with financial performance as a mediating variable, in the mining industry. This study uses a systematic literature review approach by examining various relevant previous studies. The results of the study indicate that green innovation plays a significant role in improving environmental performance and operational efficiency of companies, which in turn positively impacts financial performance. Good financial performance is a key factor in strengthening company value and stakeholder trust. These findings confirm that the implementation of green innovation not only supports environmental sustainability but also provides long-term economic benefits for mining companies. This study also found that companies that successfully implement green innovation tend to have a better image in the eyes of investors and the public, which contributes to increasing the company's market value. These findings confirm that the implementation of green innovation not only supports environmental sustainability but also provides long-term economic benefits for mining companies, strengthening their position in an industry that increasingly prioritizes sustainability and social responsibility.

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of company size and Good Corporate Governance (Institutional Ownership, Independent Board of Commissioners, and Audit Committee) on Company Value in energy sector issuers listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2021–2024 period. The research method applied in this study is a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from company annual reports. The population includes energy companies operating in the Oil, Gas, and Coal sub-sectors. The sample was determined through purposive sampling, resulting in 60 data observations consisting of 15 companies over four consecutive years. The analytical technique employed utilizes SPSS software version 55 with multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationships among variables. The results indicate that company size significantly influences company value. Good corporate governance proxied by institutional ownership shows a negative effect on firm value, while independent commissioners and audit committees have no significant effect. Simultaneous findings confirm that company size and good corporate governance together influence firm value.

Corporate value plays a crucial role in evaluating the success and sustainability of a business entity, influenced by various internal factors such as special connections, transfer pricing practices, and the effective tax rate (ETR). This study aims to examine the impact of these variables on the value of companies in the property and real estate sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and to examine the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a moderating variable. The study's findings reveal that special relationships and less transparent transfer pricing practices generally decrease company value, while efficiency in ETR can increase it. CSR acts as a moderating factor, strengthening the positive relationship between internal variables and company value while reducing the negative risks of unethical practices. This study recommends the implementation of more solid governance and transparency in business activities to increase competitiveness and company value in the Indonesian property and real estate industry.

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, leverage, and liquidity on firm value in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2020–2024 period. Profitability is measured by Return On Assets (ROA), leverage by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and liquidity by Current Ratio (CR), while firm value is proxied by Price to Book Value (PBV). The study employs a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis. The sample consists of 25 companies selected through purposive sampling, with a total of 125 secondary data observations obtained from annual financial statements. The results indicate that, partially, profitability, financial risk, and liquidity have a positive and significant effect on firm value. Simultaneously, the three independent variables also significantly affect firm value, with an adjusted R² of 43.4%, meaning that 56.6% of the variation in firm value is explained by other factors outside the model. These findings support agency theory and signaling theory, which suggest that strong financial performance, optimal debt management, and adequate liquidity provide positive signals to investors, thereby enhancing firm value.

This study examines how changes in company value are affected by profitability, liquidity, and asset structure using a case study of PT Bank Central Asia Tbk from 2017 to 2024. The Fixed Asset Ratio (FAR), which serves as a proxy for asset structure, the Return on Assets (ROA), which measures profitability, and the Current Ratio (CR), which measures liquidity, are the independent variables in the Price to Book Value (PBV) ratio. The study data came from BCA's public annual financial reports, and SPSS software was used to do multiple linear regression analysis. The findings demonstrate that changes in firm valuation are significantly positively impacted by profitability, suggesting that improved profit performance fosters favorable investor attitudes. On the other hand, throughout the observation period, changes in the company's value are not significantly impacted by liquidity or asset structure. This result is consistent with some earlier research, although it varies in the area of liquidity's impact, indicating a lack of consistency among investigations. Practically speaking, banking management may utilize the study's findings to develop financial plans that emphasize boosting profitability in order to optimize business value. Academically, this study adds to the body of knowledge on the elements that influence corporate value, particularly in the Indonesian banking sector, and addresses the present research gap on the impact of liquidity and asset structure.

This study evaluates the impact of TATO, ROA, DER, stock returns, and firm size on company value (PBV) for 28 infrastructure companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2021–2023. The background to this research is the crucial role of the infrastructure sector amid government budget dynamics that affect corporate performance and investor perception. The results show that ROA, DER, and stock returns have a significant positive effect on company value. This indicates that high profitability, optimal debt management, and good stock returns send positive signals to the market. Conversely, TATO was found to have a significant negative effect, reflecting that inefficiencies in asset management can reduce investor confidence. Meanwhile, firm size had no significant impact on company value. This study recommends that investors use ROA, DER, and stock return as key indicators in decision-making. At the same time, companies are advised to optimise profitability and debt management to enhance their value in the eyes of investors.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Current Ratio (CR), Return on Assets (ROA), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on Company Value in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The research uses a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from 27 out of 46 banking companies selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using panel data regression with Eviews 10, supported by several classical assumption tests including normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. Further analyses include multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the Adjusted R² to evaluate the overall model fit. The partial test results show that the Current Ratio has a significant positive effect on Company Value, indicating that higher liquidity strengthens market perception of firm performance. Meanwhile, Return on Assets does not show a significant effect, suggesting that profitability alone is not a determining factor for firm valuation in the banking sector during the observed period. The Debt to Equity Ratio demonstrates a significant positive effect, implying that investors consider leverage an important indicator in assessing banking performance. Simultaneously, all three variables significantly influence Company Value. These findings highlight the importance of liquidity and leverage in shaping investor appraisal of banking companies in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, liquidity, and leverage on firm value, both partially and simultaneously. The background of this study is based on the importance of firm value as an indicator of managerial performance and a factor that attracts investor attention. The approach used is quantitative with a causal-associative research type. The data used is secondary data obtained from the financial statements of 19 companies in the healthcare sector. Based on the analysis, the results indicate that profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm value, indicating that good financial performance can increase market perception of firm value. On the other hand, liquidity and leverage do not show a significant effect on firm value. This indicates that these two factors do not significantly influence market assessments of companies in the healthcare sector that are the object of this study. However, simultaneously, all three variables are proven to have a significant effect on firm value, indicating that although their partial effects are different, all three factors have a collective contribution in shaping firm value. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that profitability is the main factor that plays a role in increasing firm value, while liquidity and leverage require further attention in a more specific context.

This study analyzes the effect of operating costs, production costs, and sales volume on net profit in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021-2024. Using a quantitative method with panel data regression analysis, this study took a sample of 11 companies and secondary data from financial reports. The results of the hypothesis test show that operating costs, production costs, and sales volume partially have a positive and significant effect on net profit. These findings are consistent with existing literature and indicate that efficient cost management and increased sales volume are crucial factors in maximizing profitability in the pharmaceutical sector. Furthermore, this research is also relevant to Agency Theory, which suggests that management, as agents, must manage costs and sales transparently to align their interests with those of shareholders, ultimately leading to the sustainable increase of company value. This study contributes to understanding key factors driving financial performance in the industry.

This study aims to evaluate the influence of Green Finance, Profitability, and Capital Structure on Firm Value in the mining sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019 to 2023. The research is motivated by the growing importance of sustainability and financial management strategies in enhancing corporate competitiveness in an increasingly globalized market. A quantitative approach was employed using multiple linear regression analysis, with 22 companies selected through purposive sampling. The findings indicate that, simultaneously, the three independent variables have a significant effect on firm value. Individually, Green Finance and Capital Structure have a positive and significant influence, while Profitability does not show a significant impact. Capital Structure is found to be the most dominant factor affecting firm value, followed by Green Finance. This suggests that companies with sound capital management and strong commitment to sustainability practices are more valued by the market. This research contributes to both theoretical and practical perspectives in financial management, particularly in understanding how financing strategies and sustainability efforts influence market valuation. The findings also recommend that mining companies strengthen their integration of ESG principles and enhance financial efficiency to support long-term value creation and competitiveness

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of debt maturity and cash holding on dividend policy, the effect of debt maturity and cash holdings on company value, and the effect of debt maturity and cash holdings on company value through dividend policies in banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2023 period. The sampling technique uses the purposive sampling method. Secondary data was obtained from the annual financial statements. The data analysis method uses path analysis with two structural equations to test the direct and indirect influence of independent variables on dependent variables through intervening variables. The results of the structural equation 1 study show that debt maturity has no effect on dividend policy, and cash holdings have an effect on dividend policy. The results of structural equation 2 show that debt maturity affects the value of the company and cash holdings have no effect on the value of the company. The results of the testing of intervening variables show that dividend policy can mediate debt maturity to company value and dividend policy can mediate cash holdings to company value. The predictive ability of the two variables on the dividend policy was 13.6% and the remaining 12.6% was influenced by other variables outside the research model and the predictability of the three variables on the company's value was 15.7% and the remaining 14.7% was influenced by other variables outside the research model.

The purpose of this research is to examine and ascertain how capital structure and growth affect company value in FBM KLCI businesses listed on Bursa Malaysia between 2019 and 2023, dividend policy being used as a moderating factor.  The study's sample consists of 16 FBM KLCI firms that were listed on Bursa Malaysia between 2019 and 2023.  The secondary data utilized was gathered from Bursa Malaysia's website and financial statement documentation studies.  Descriptive analysis, panel data regression analysis, MRA, traditional assumption testing, and hypothesis testing are among the data analysis methods used.  Eviews Version 13 was used to process the data for this investigation.  According to the study's findings, for the 2019–2023 timeframe, capital structure significantly and favorably affects company value in FBM KLCI businesses listed on Bursa Malaysia.  In these businesses, growth has no bearing on firm value.  In FBM KLCI businesses listed on Bursa Malaysia for the 2019–2023 timeframe, both the correlation between capital structure and company value and the effect of growth on firm value are unaffected by dividend policy.

This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity, firm size, and capital structure on firm value in the banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The background of this research lies in the crucial role of the banking sector in maintaining national economic stability and the need for investors to access financial information that accurately reflects a company’s value. Referring to signaling theory, financial reports are viewed as signals to investors regarding the firm’s prospects and performance. This study employs a quantitative method using secondary data from the annual financial reports of nine banks selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 45 observations. The independent variables include liquidity (Loan to Deposit Ratio), firm size (log of total assets), and capital structure (Debt to Equity Ratio), while the dependent variable is firm value measured by the Price to Book Value (PBV). Data analysis was conducted using panel data regression with SPSS. The results show that firm size has a significant positive effect on firm value, while liquidity and capital structure have no significant impact. Simultaneously, all three variables significantly affect firm value, with an Adjusted R² of 0.493. These findings highlight that effective asset management and optimal funding policies are key to enhancing the firm value of banking institutions in Indonesia.

This study looks at how liquidity, profitability, and leverage laffect the value of a company, specifically PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia, between the years 2016 and 2023. It uses a quantitative and method and gets its data from published annual financial reports. All the financial reports from that time are considered the full set of data, but only 32 reports were chosen as a sample. These reports were picked based on specific criteria that match the variables being studied.The factors that are looked at are lliquidity, measuredl by the lCurrent Ratio (CR), profitabilityl measuredl by Returnl on Assetsl (ROA), and leveragel measured by and Debt tol Equity Ratiol (DER). The company valuel is measuredl byl Price to Book Value (PBV). The data was analyzed using SPSS software with methods like multiplel linear regression, t-test, and F-test.The findings show that liquidityl and leveragel have a strong positive effect on company value, while profitability has a negative effect.lWhen all threel factors are lconsidered together, they have a positive and significantl impact on company value. This suggests that internal factors like liquidity and profitability, and how a company uses debt are important in determining its overall lvalue. this study confirms based on the results obtained that internal company factors, especially liquidity, profitability, and capital structure, are important determinants in determining company value.

This article presents an overview of the latest research results discussing the impact of earnings management practices on company value during the 2019-2023 period. This research aims to explore the relationship between earnings management and company value from various perspectives, using qualitative research methods and a case study approach. The researchers searched, analyzed and developed data from previous research, then adapted it to current conditions. The research findings outline the influence of earnings management on company value in the 2019-2023 time period. The research results highlight several trends, including an increased focus on transparency, accountability, as well as the impact of technology on earnings management practices and assessing corporate value. In conclusion, recent research trends show a shift towards deeper and more relevant understanding, with an emphasis on transparency, accountability, the influence of technology, as well as research based on specific industries and country contexts.

This study aims to examine the effect of firm size, profitability, capital structure, and asset structure on firm value in the food and beverage subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2023 period. This causal research employs secondary data obtained from annual reports and applies purposive sampling, resulting in 13 companies with a total of 65 observations. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted after passing classical assumption tests. The findings indicate that profitability and capital structure have a significant positive effect on firm value, while asset structure has a substantial adverse effect. Firm size shows no significant impact on firm value. These results suggest that efficiency has a greater influence on firm value in resource utilization and financial structure management than the size of assets owned. This study contributes to the corporate finance literature, particularly in the context of Indonesia’s food and beverage industry. It provides practical implications for managers and investors in making informed investment decisions.

The rapid development of the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia presents both an opportunity and a challenge in increasing company value amidst the dynamics of an increasingly digital and competitive capital market. This phenomenon demonstrates that strong operational performance does not always translate into high market value, making it crucial to identify internal factors that influence company value, particularly in the pharmaceutical subsector, which plays a strategic role in Indonesia.This research aims to analyze the effect of Working Capital Turnover, Cash Turnover, Liquidity, and Profit Growth on Company Value in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2021-2024 period. The research method used was quantitative with an explanatory approach. The sampling technique used total sampling, with a sample size of 10 companies. Secondary data, in the form of financial statements, were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.The results indicate that only Cash Turnover significantly impacts company value, with a negative effect, while Working Capital Turnover, Liquidity, and Profit Growth do not. These findings suggest that efficient working capital management and consistent profit growth play a crucial role in increasing the value of pharmaceutical companies. This research is expected to be a reference for management in strategic decision making and for academics for further research.  

This study aims to analyze and determine how managerial ownership, firm size, leverage, and capital structure affect financial performance in insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2022. The study focused on 15 companies that met the sample criteria and were deemed representative of the Indonesian insurance industry during that period. The data used in this study were sourced from officially published company financial reports. Furthermore, the data was processed using Microsoft Excel 2018 and SPSS version 25 software to ensure accurate analysis results. The analysis method used was multiple linear regression, as it is considered appropriate for testing the influence of more than one independent variable on the dependent variable. This approach allows the researchers to identify whether each independent variable has a significant effect on financial performance when tested simultaneously. The results showed consistent findings across all variables. First, managerial ownership has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. This indicates that the higher the managerial ownership, the better the alignment of interests between managers and shareholders, leading to improved financial outcomes. Second, company size also has a positive and significant effect on financial performance, meaning the larger the company, the better the performance. Furthermore, leverage has been shown to have a positive and significant effect on financial performance. This suggests that optimal use of debt can enhance company performance by providing additional resources for growth. Finally, capital structure also has a positive and significant effect on financial performance, indicating that the right combination of debt and equity can increase company value. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of financial and managerial decisions in shaping the performance of insurance companies in Indonesia during the observed period.

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, firm growth, capital structure, and firm size on firm value in the infrastructure sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2020–2024. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from company financial statements. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling. The results show that profitability and firm size have a negative and significant effect on firm value. These findings indicate that increases in profitability and company scale do not automatically enhance market perceptions of firm value, possibly due to a misalignment between internal performance and investor expectations. Meanwhile, firm growth and capital structure do not have a significant effect on firm value. This suggests that the market does not yet regard growth or debt ratios as determining factors in evaluating companies in this sector. Furthermore, the results of this study highlight the importance of corporate management in managing internal factors that can influence market perceptions. Although profitability and company size negatively impact company value, this opens up opportunities for companies to focus more on communication strategies and information transparency with investors to mitigate investor expectations. Companies also need to revise their growth and capital structure policies to better align with market needs and the dynamics of the developing infrastructure sector. Furthermore, this study provides an important contribution to policymakers and financial practitioners in understanding the unique characteristics of the infrastructure sector in Indonesia. The insignificant influence of growth and capital structure suggests that external factors such as market conditions and regulations may be more dominant in determining company value in this sector. Therefore, further research could broaden its scope by incorporating macroeconomic variables or environmental and social aspects, which are currently of concern to investors in making investment decisions.