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This study examines directive speech acts in the drama script Nyonya-Nyonya by Wisran Hadi, aiming to describe their forms and functions within the characters’ dialogues. The research focuses on the significance of understanding language functions in social and literary contexts, where directive speech acts reflect power relations, cultural values, and social dynamics among female characters. The study employs a pragmatic approach with a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected through documentation and note-taking techniques on the drama script and analyzed using a pragmatic equivalent method to interpret utterances based on the context of the speaker, interlocutor, and situation. The results indicate 92 instances of directive speech acts divided into eleven categories: requesting, ordering, demanding, challenging, commanding, urging, coercing, forbidding, signaling, advising, and suggesting. These utterances demonstrate how language functions as a tool of social control, an expression of authority, and a reflection of moral values within society. This research enriches the field of literary pragmatics and provides practical contributions to Indonesian language education, particularly in understanding language functions in social interaction and literary works.

This study was motivated by the importance of understanding directive speech acts in the context of lectures as a form of effective da’wah communication in contemporary society. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the forms and functions of directive speech acts in Ustadzah Haneen Akira's lectures on the YouTube channel Sharing Ladies Day. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with observation and note-taking techniques to collect data from sermon transcripts as the primary data source. The results show that the directive speech acts that appear include the functions of advising, commanding, prohibiting, requesting, and questioning, which are delivered in a gentle, polite, and persuasive style so that they are easily accepted by the audience. In addition, these speech acts reflect the speaker’s intention to influence, guide, and encourage listeners toward positive behavioral changes. This research provides benefits in enriching pragmatic studies, especially in the field of speech act analysis, and serves as a practical reference for preachers in delivering da’wah messages in a more communicative, contextual, and effective manner in the digital era.