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This study delves into implementing multicultural education within Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Indonesia, employing a library research approach and descriptive analysis methods. The study investigates the influence of multicultural education on curriculum development, challenges, opportunities, and its impact on fostering tolerance and understanding among students. Through an extensive academic literature review, the study unveils multifaceted opportunities, including enhanced cultural understanding, promotion of tolerance, enriched educational experiences, and preparation for global citizenship. However, it also uncovers challenges such as resistance to change, resource constraints, and the need for continuous adaptation. The findings underscore the importance of embracing diversity and fostering inclusive learning environments within religious-based schooling. Overall, this study highlights the potential benefits of multicultural education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, emphasizing its role in nurturing culturally competent and globally-aware individuals.

This study delves into implementing multicultural education within Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Indonesia, employing a library research approach and descriptive analysis methods. The study investigates the influence of multicultural education on curriculum development, challenges, opportunities, and its impact on fostering tolerance and understanding among students. Through an extensive academic literature review, the study unveils multifaceted opportunities, including enhanced cultural understanding, promotion of tolerance, enriched educational experiences, and preparation for global citizenship. However, it also uncovers challenges such as resistance to change, resource constraints, and the need for continuous adaptation. The findings underscore the importance of embracing diversity and fostering inclusive learning environments within religious-based schooling. Overall, this study highlights the potential benefits of multicultural education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, emphasizing its role in nurturing culturally competent and globally-aware individuals.

The aim of this research is to describe the syntactic constructs of the Javanese language for deaf and speech impaired students. This research is included in qualitative research. Data was collected by listening freely and engaging in conversation. After the data is collected, data analysis is carried out. The language analysis technique in this research was carried out using the change of form technique. From the results of data analysis, it can be seen that the syntactic constructs of the Javanese language spoken by deaf and speech impaired children at the Deaf and Speech Impaired Rehabilitation Foundation (YRTRW) are adverbial phrases, single clauses with an active sentence type (ukara Horn) positioned as interrogative sentences ukara pitaken, ukara sambawa, and ukara cariyos.

PLN is a monopoly trading company that sells electrical energy sources and manages all aspects of electricity in Indonesia, especially the Ponorogo area. In Ponorogo there is a company under the auspices of the Indonesian Electrical and Mechanical Contractors Association (AKLI) with the company name PT. Heroine of Eternal Blessing. In carrying out its work PT. Srikandi Berkah Abadi did not run smoothly, but there were many obstacles that disrupted the work process, one of which was the data input process. In this research we used a descriptive qualitative method where we carried out observations and direct interviews while conducting KKL within a period of 1 month. Based on the results of research that has been carried out previously, conclusions can be drawn, including: We carry out data processing activities on the implementation of connection work in people's homes, process data input on network maintenance and changes, and input employee hard disk data. While we were carrying out the KKL for 1 month, the problems we experienced were the ones we mentioned above, when inputting data in Microsoft Excel, it often had errors, crashes, and exited so that the data we were working on was lost and not saved.

This classroom action research aims to improve reading skills through Jigsaw type cooperative learning for class VI students at SD Inpres, Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. The subjects of this research were 40 grade VI students at SD Inpres Multilevel Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. Academic Year 2023/2024. This PTK consists of 2 cycles, each consisting of 3 meetings. Data collection was carried out using the results of students' work when carrying out actions and observation sheets. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results achieved were: (1) students' reading ability before the action was held was in the low category with an average score of 4.88 from the highest possible score of 10. (2) Students' reading ability after taking action in the form of Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle I was in the high category with an average score of 8.04 from the highest possible score of 10. (3) Students' reading ability after taking action, in the form of learning by applying models Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle II was in the very high category with an average score of 8.84 from the highest possible score of 10. (4) There was an increase in the percentage of student attendance. (5) Students' interest, attention and motivation in participating in the learning process using the Jigsaw cooperative model has also increased, this can be seen from the increase in student activity in the learning process. The results of this research also show changes on the teacher's side, initially teachers were less creative in using various Jigsaw type cooperative learning strategies, which had a good impact, apparently being able to motivate and increase teacher interest in developing effective learning.    

This classroom action research aims to improve reading skills through Jigsaw type cooperative learning for class VI students at SD Inpres, Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. The subjects of this research were 40 grade VI students at SD Inpres Multilevel Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. Academic Year 2023/2024. This PTK consists of 2 cycles, each consisting of 3 meetings. Data collection was carried out using the results of students' work when carrying out actions and observation sheets. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results achieved were: (1) students' reading ability before the action was held was in the low category with an average score of 4.88 from the highest possible score of 10. (2) Students' reading ability after taking action in the form of Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle I was in the high category with an average score of 8.04 from the highest possible score of 10. (3) Students' reading ability after taking action, in the form of learning by applying models Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle II was in the very high category with an average score of 8.84 from the highest possible score of 10. (4) There was an increase in the percentage of student attendance. (5) Students' interest, attention and motivation in participating in the learning process using the Jigsaw cooperative model has also increased, this can be seen from the increase in student activity in the learning process. The results of this research also show changes on the teacher's side, initially teachers were less creative in using various Jigsaw type cooperative learning strategies, which had a good impact, apparently being able to motivate and increase teacher interest in developing effective learning.    

International business is a business activity carried out between countries by carrying out export and import activities. International trade is the exchange of goods and services across international borders. This usually comes with additional risks caused by changes in exchange rates. The purpose of this analysis is to find out about the influence of international business on Indonesia. In this type of research the author uses descriptive research and collects information and analyzes data using secondary data. From this analysis, it can be seen the influence and impact of international business on Indonesia.

In buying a laptop, you need to look at the specifications and standards that are tailored to your needs and requirements. Some of the standards and requirements include looking at several aspects of the criteria including the price of the laptop, RAM (random access memory), processor, hard drive capacity, screen size, VGA (video graphic adapter), battery power, weight, length of warranty, availability of spare parts, service range center. The fuzzy method is a method that makes it easy to find a value that is still vague and also linguistic, the use of the sample additive weighting (SAW) method is used to assist calculations in supporting decision making. The choice of using the SAW method is simpler in calculations, but the results of the calculations are accurate. From the results of calculations using the SAW method, it is calculated that between laptop 1 to laptop 7 with a price preference weight of 30, RAM 10, processor 10, hard disk capacity 10, screen size 5, VGA 3 (video graphic adapter), battery power 7, weight 5 , length of warranty 10, availability of spare parts 5, distance to service center 5, the highest order starts from laptop 1 with a total value of 18.4, laptop 7 with a value of 16.6, laptop 6 with a value of 13.6, laptop 5 with a value of 13.5, laptop 3 with a value of 13.2, laptop 4 with a value of 11.2, laptop 2 with a value of 8.9. The results of the assessment can change according to the needs of laptop buyers, who are more concerned with which criterion has the most important weight.

This study describes and explains the budget realization for the last five years, starting from 2018 to 2022, by paying attention to the percentage change between the budget value and the realization of the regional income and expenditure budget each year. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of regional revenue and expenditure budget realization in the regional asset finance agency of the Medan City government during the 2018-2022 period. This study also aims to compare the effectiveness of budget realization during that period. The research method used is descriptive qualitative using secondary data sources and documentation study data collection techniques. Data analysis involves revenue variance analysis, degree of decentralization ratio, local tax effectiveness ratio analysis, and expenditure budget variance analysis. The results show a problem, where the realization of the regional revenue and expenditure budget in 2019-2020 has increased, even though it should have decreased due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This problem is related to the loss of funds worth 1.6 million which has been handled by Law Enforcement Officials.

This journal examines The development of english learning strategies by using flash card for early childhood in Tunas Karya kindergarten, Mojodadi Village, Kemlagi District, Mojokerto. The research aims to analyze the english learning in kindergarten.. The research is using the classroom action research to improve the learning practice in the classroom, so that the learning practice can be done in more professional way. The results indicate that some factors, such as changes, can be happened in english childhood vocabulary.

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of the independent curriculum by using the role play learning method assisted by image media and a projector in class II UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan. This research is Classroom Action Research, the subjects of this research are class 2, totaling 32 students consisting of 20 boys and 12 girls. This research was carried out for 3 weeks. The implementation of this action was carried out in 2 cycles, the first cycle consisting of 3 meetings and the second cycle consisting of 3 meetings. This research was carried out in the Teaching Profession Strengthening (P2K) activities which started on September 4 - October 14 in the 2023/2024 academic year. The results of the research show that during the learning process there is a change in students' attitudes during the learning process in accordance with the results of observations, namely the implementation of the Role Play type cooperative learning model assisted by picture media and projectors can increase students' self-confidence in asking both the teacher and their friends about the material. that are not understood and can improve student attendance. So, Role Play cooperative learning assisted by image media in thematic learning is suitable for use in this class. This can be seen from the increase in learning outcomes for class II students at UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan after the Role Play type of cooperative learning was held with the help of image media and a projector.  

The 2013 curriculum focuses on developing students' knowledge, understanding, abilities, values, attitudes and interests, with the aim of enabling them to apply this knowledge in a practical way. At the same time, it encourages independent learning based on each student's abilities, while providing opportunities for the development of character and important skills. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach using a literature study review. This research aims to determine the differences between the 2013 Curriculum and the Merdeka Curriculum in various aspects, including characteristics, objectives, competencies, assessment methods and roles. The findings of this research can help the government choose a more effective curriculum for students, thereby optimizing the learning process for their future. Based on the research we conducted, we have drawn conclusions and provided recommendations to the government, emphasizing the need for well-developed policies, thorough outreach, and comprehensive teacher training before implementing curriculum changes. In the end, it is the teacher who will be directly involved with students in the learning process.    

: The condition of Indonesian education which until now has not yet found its identity. Curriculum changes have continued to be made until now we have arrived at the independent learning curriculum. Various problems even began to be felt. This research is based on the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum and the 2013 curriculum for teachers at Kunciran 2 Elementary School, what problems teachers face and how to overcome them. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, and data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. The results of data analysis showed that teachers' problems in implementing the Merdeka curriculum and curriculum13 lie in the planning of learning implementation, planning and assessment of learning. The aim of this research is to find out the problems found in textbooks at Kunciran 2 Elementary School. So that we can find out what problems occur and the need for evaluation.    

An individual's attitude towards an object can be influenced by the knowledge they possess about that object. The more positive information known about the object, the more positive the attitude towards it. Adolescents experiencing physical changes often exhibit negative attitudes, such as low self-confidence, indecisiveness, and feelings of fear and anxiety. However, adolescents who can embrace physical changes have the potential to feel comfortable and proud of their bodily abilities. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge level and attitude of adolescent girls at SMPN 1 Kota Palopo regarding physical changes during puberty. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional study approach was used. The population consisted of 158 female adolescents in the 7th grade with a sample of 62 respondents selected through Simple Random Sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test. The analysis results showed a p value = 1.000 (> 0.05), indicating no significant relationship between knowledge level and attitude of adolescent girls towards physical changes during puberty at SMPN 1 Kota Palopo. It is recommended that adolescent girls continue to develop positive attitudes towards physical changes, and that future research use different data collection methods for deeper understanding.

This research aims to shape the disciplinary character of students in elementary schools through music theory material with sub-materials of values ​​and forms of notation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques of observation, questionnaires and interviews. The research was conducted in 7 (seven) meetings, the results of the research showed that there was a change in the theoretical understanding category with a percentage of 97.8%, and statements of disciplinary attitudes increased with a percentage of 95%. Disciplinary character is assessed based on the student's ability to sing the song Pada Mu Negeri according to the tempo, beats, and other punctuation marks contained in the score. The results showed that students were able to sing the song according to the punctuation marks in the sheet music.    

This research explores the effectiveness of spiritual guidance, especially the Islamic approach, in dealing with juvenile delinquency. The adolescent phase, as an important transition period, tends to be marked by significant physical and mental changes. Uncontrolled juvenile delinquency can be detrimental to individuals and society. Research emphasizes the application of spiritual guidance to early adolescents and pre-adolescents to prevent deviant behavior. Spiritual guidance, as a process of providing direction and advice with religious values, has a crucial role in forming positive character. Findings from previous research show that spiritual guidance, including Islamic counseling, vent sessions, and religious activities, is effective in reducing levels of juvenile delinquency. Teenagers who receive spiritual guidance tend to have a positive mindset, use their time well, and have a better religious understanding. Although the study makes important contributions, resource limitations, methodological variations in previous studies, and the lack of long-term studies need to be addressed. Therefore, future research must overcome these limitations to provide deeper insight into the role of spiritual guidance in dealing with juvenile delinquency.    

Physical and cognitive development in middle childhood undergoes many significant changes. Children at this age develop problem-solving skills, abstract thinking, and language development in cognitive aspects. They have the ability to understand the concepts of time and space, as well as improve their reading and writing skills. At this stage, physical development includes rapid body growth, muscle strengthening, and improved motor coordination. Children usually experience rapid height growth and organ development. Physical activities and activities involving movement are becoming increasingly important for achieving an optimal level of physical fitness. These two components are interrelated, and good physical health can support cognitive development. Positive simulations, environmental factors, and education also played an important role in shaping the holistic development of the time.        

This research explores the phonological variations of Javanese language in three regions of Indonesia, namely Batang, Brebes, and Serang. With a focus on occupation, education, and age as social variables, the study employs phonological and lexical analysis methods to identify changes in vowel and consonant sounds, as well as lexicon within these dialects. The results reveal distinctive phonological and lexical characteristics in each region, highlighting significant differences between Batang Javanese (BJB) and Standard Javanese (BJS) as well as Javanese Banyumasan (BJBY). In conclusion, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of Javanese language variations at the dialectal level, with implications for further studies involving syntactic and semantic aspects. Recommendations for future research include expanding informant samples and delving deeper into the interplay between social factors and phonological variations.

This research explores the impact of implementing incentives at the Bu Ira basic food agency in Krian, Sidoarjo on employee performance, with a focus on sales bonuses and non-financial incentives. The research results show that sales bonuses related to target achievement provide additional motivation for employees to increase sales, especially when bonuses are linked to certain products that have higher profits. Additionally, non-financial incentives such as recognition for good performance have proven effective in building team spirit and increasing job satisfaction. The discussion involved understanding that incentive design must be tailored to the grocery store context, taking into account the unique characteristics of this industry. Sales bonuses, when tied to specific types of products, can provide a greater motivational boost for employees. Recognition of good performance can be realized in the form of promotion or additional training, providing added value in employee career development. Flexibility in incentive design, effective communication, and continuous evaluation of the effectiveness of incentive programs are the keys to success. The results of this research provide insight for business owners and managers in the grocery agency industry to design incentive programs that suit employee needs and business goals, as well as accommodate changes in the industrial environment.

A well-prepared abstract enables the reader to Information Technology is very developed in the business world, both small businesses and medium to upper enterprises have all used technology, with the existence of technology the community can change the way of thinking to follow developments. With the existence of computer information systems can provide information quickly and accurately.there are some consumers in the field who hesitate to laundry their clothes because there is still a thought whether washing has been sharia or not, with there is information technology.