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According to World Health Organization data in 2015, maternal deaths were 216 per 100,000 live births due to complications during pregnancy and childbirth. While in developing countries the maternal mortality rate jumped 20 times higher than in developed countries, reaching 239 per 100,000 live births. Keywords: Husband's support, Mother's attitude, Infant immunization. The time of the study was April to July at the Negeri Lama Health Center in 2022. The sample in this study who were planning to give birth in the month (TTP) at the time of the study from May to June 2022 at the Negeri Lama Health Center were 15 pregnant women in the control group and 15 pregnant women in the intervention group. After the normality test was carried out and the results were normally distributed, a paired t-test could be carried out. The results of the t-test, namely the results of the paired test-test showed p = 0.011 (p <0.05) and t count = 11,768> from t table = 9,200 which proves that there is an effect of giving deep back massage on the level of labor pain in mothers who are giving birth to reduce labor pain.

Background: Typically lasting six to eight weeks, the postpartum period is a time of recovery following childbirth. Afterpains are a type of discomfort that can be caused by uterine contractions during the involution process. Massage or other non-pharmacological treatment can be used to ease discomfort. Using specific techniques, massage can lessen or even eliminate pain. Methods: The cross-sectional design of the quantitative research design was used in this study. The objective was to compare how massage reduced postpartum pain in Cilacap City mothers before and after intervention. 30 postpartum mothers who were experiencing postpartum pain two hours later comprised the population. Saturation sampling was used for the sampling, and there were a total of 30 participants. The frequency distribution was used in univariate data analysis, while the paired-sample t-test was used in bivariate data analysis. For the pain scale, the paired-sample t-test analysis produced a t-value of 8.238. Results: As a result, the calculated t-value exceeded the critical t-value for a pain scale of 8.238 > 2.045, indicating acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha) and rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho), indicating that massage is effective in reducing postpartum pain in women. Conclusion: massage has been shown to reduce postpartum pain in mothers.

Childbirth is a process of expelling the results of conception (fetus and placenta), which can live to the outside world, from the uterus through the birth canal or by other means. During labor, the uterus contracts and pushes the baby down to the cervix. This study aims to determine the Effect of Deep Back Massage on Reducing Pain in the First Stage of Active Labor at BPM Pera, Medan City in 2024. This type of research is Experimental research. A research design used to find a causal relationship with the involvement of research in manipulating the independent variables. The population is 20 mothers giving birth at BPM Pera, Medan City in 2025, namely 10 people in the Treatment Group and 10 people in the Control Group. The data analysis technique uses t-test analysis. The results obtained in this study are the results of the t-test, namely the results of the paired test-test showed p = 0.011 (p <0.05) and t count = 11,768> from t table = 9,200 which proves that there is an effect of giving deep back massage on the level of labor pain in mothers who are giving birth to reduce labor pain.

Background: Choosing Breastfeeding Grandmothers is an effort to maximize the role of grandmothers in making exclusive breastfeeding a success. So far, grandmothers are the people in the family who are considered more capable and have a lot of experience, especially in caring for babies. This is the basis for this service in order to maximize the role of grandmothers in helping breastfeeding mothers provide good nutrition to their babies. Objectives There is an increase in knowledge, changing attitudes and behavior of breastfeeding grandmothers in the application of effleurage massage using Jitu oil to support exclusive breastfeeding and interaction and sharing of information through coaching breastfeeding grandmothers in the application of Effleurage Massage using Jitu Oil to support exclusive breastfeeding. Method Training implementation time January 26, 2024, mentoring implementation January 27 - February 26, 2024. The location of the activity is at the Lamongan Arjasa Village Hall. Method using PAR (Participatory Action Research), Results: This activity was attended by 19 grandmothers and 19 breastfeeding mothers. At the time of Choosing 12 people had good knowledge, 4 had sufficient knowledge, and 3 people had less. At the time of post-mentoring, 14 people had good skills, 3 people had sufficient knowledge and 2 people had less. Conclusion: The Choosing and mentoring activities carried out can increase knowledge and improve the skills of Grandmothers in performing Massage Effluerage massage to help relax the body of breastfeeding mothers.

Childbirth is often perceived as frightening and causing extreme pain. Some mothers also feel traumatized by their first childbirth process because of various difficulties and pain during childbirth so that they are reluctant to plan to have children again. Labor pain is caused by uterine contractions and dilation of the cervix and lower uterine segment. Survey data from PMB Restu Bunda in 2024 on 5 mothers who gave birth, it was found that overall respondents experienced pain, as many as 3 people with a pain scale of 7 (severe pain) and as many as 2 people with a pain scale of 6 (moderate pain). One non-pharmacological therapy that can reduce the intensity of pain is back massage using Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The research objective was to determine the effect of back massage with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on the intensity of active labor pain in the first stage of labor at the IMP Restu Bunda Gunung Terang Sub-District of West Tulang Bawang Regency. The quantitative research type is a pre-experimental design, one group pre-test - post-test design. The population in this study were all mothers who were going to give birth, as many as 22 mothers, with a sample of 18 people taken by accidental sampling. The study was conducted at the IMP Restu Bunda of Gunung Terang Sub-District West Tulang Bawang Regency. Data collection used observation sheets. Data analysis was carried out using univariate and bivariate tests (Wilcoxon test). The study results showed that the average labor pain before being given a back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) was 7.0 and after being given a back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) was 5.2. There was an influence of back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) on the intensity of active labor pain in the first stage at the IMP Restu Bunda of Gunung Terang Sub-District of West Tulang Bawang Regency with a p-value = 0.001 (p-value <α = 0.05). Suggestions for health workers can recommend back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) can be used as complementary therapy for mothers in the first stage of labor.

Changes in the musculoskeletal system during the third trismester of pregnancy cause changes in body weight, abdominal muscle elasticity, and center of gravity which affect the balance of pregnant women. Back pain in pregnancy can be detrimental to the quality of life of pregnant women and is caused by changes in posture, hyperlordosis, paraspinal muscle tension, and decreased blood flow to the spine. Physiotherapy is a non-pharmacological solution by applying massage and stretching techniques. Massage helps relax muscles, reduce pain, increase blood flow, and improve muscle flexibility. Stretching plays a role in reducing pain, increasing flexibility, muscle strength, and preventing deformity. This activity is carried out by conveying physiotherapy information through leaflets as a promotional medium, pre-test, post-test, and questions to pregnant women to measure knowledge. The results of the activity showed active participation from 12 pregnant women class participants with positive responses to the material presented. Interesting material accompanied by demonstrations of massage and stretching techniques helps increase knowledge of pregnant women. Evaluation before and after the activity showed an increase in knowledge from 5% to 100%, indicating the success of the extension activity.

Background: The prevalence of elderly hypertension in the world according to World Health Orgaization data there are approximately 972 million people or 26.4, which is likely to continue to increase in 2025 to as much as 29.2%.  The prevalence rate in Surakarta City, Jebres sub-district is 23,398 people, Mojosongo village is the first with a prevalence of hypertension incidence of 12,296 patients. The development of complementary medicine has a very rapid percentage increase. Globally, complementary therapy to reduce blood pressure has been widely practised, for example Swedish massage. Objective: Describe the results of the implementation of Swedish massage therapy in elderly patients with hypertension in the Mojosongo urban area of Surakarta City. Method: This study used a descriptive research design with a case study approach by observing blood pressure in 2 elderly respondents, carried out 1x a day for 3 meetings in 1 week with a time of 20-30 minutes in 1 session. The instruments used are observation sheets, Blood Pressure Monitors, and SOP sheets. Results: There is a decrease in blood pressure after giving swedish massage therapy to Mr T. T and Mr. S from grade 1 hypertension to prehypertension. Conclusion: The application of swedish massage therapy can reduce blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension in both respondents.  

Background: Breast Milk (ASI) is a fatty emulsion in lactose protein and inorganic salts secreted by the mother's mammary gland, useful as food for infants. Breast milk is difficult to achieve because one of them is breast milk that does not come out or does not run smoothly. One of the non-pharmacological arrangements to help smooth the release of breast milk can be done by oxytocin massage. Objective: Knowing the results of the implementation of oxytocin massage to breast milk production at the Cempaka Ward of dr. Soehadi Pridjonegoro Sragen Hospital. Method: This study is a descriptive study in the form of a case study conducted on 2 postpartum mother respondents by massage oxytocin for 2 consecutive days with a frequency of 2x a day for 10-15 minutes. Result: The study of oxytocin massage in both postpartum mothers on the first day has not changed breast milk production. Then on the second day of breast milk production, the two respondents showed an increase, evidenced by the increase in breast milk, empty breasts after catching up, and the breasts looked full before breastfeeding. Conclusion: There is an increase in breast milk production before and after giving oxytocin massage to postpartum mothers in the Cempaka Room of dr. Soehadi Prjonegoro Sragen Hospital.

Background: The prevalence of sleep problems in infants in Indonesia reaches 44.2%, often waking up at night. In Central Java in 2018, 44% of infants experienced similar sleep disorders. Fulfilling sleep needs is important for their development. Infant massage is an effective non-pharmacological therapy to improve sleep quality. Objective: Knowing the changes in sleep quality in two respondents before and after the application of baby massage. Objective: Knowing the changes in sleep quality in two respondents before and after the application of baby massage. Methods: This research used descriptive method with case study approach. Measurements were made on 2 respondents to determine the quality of sleep using BISQ and the application was carried out with baby massage 3 times a week for 2 weeks. Results: There was an improvement in sleep quality in By. S from BISQ score 7 to score 15 and By. A also experienced an increase in sleep quality from BISQ score 6 to 14. Conclusion: Infant massage can be applied to improve the sleep quality of infants aged 0-6 months.  

Background: Many pregnant women experience sleep disorders in the second and third trimesters, which can lead to poor sleep quality. This study aimed to determine the effect of effleurage massage with aromatherapy oil on improving the quality of nighttime sleep for pregnant women in the second and third trimesters at Anugrah Clinic. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a control group pretest-post-test design. The population was all second- and third-trimester pregnant women at Anugrah Clinic, with as many as 46 pregnant women. The sampling technique was total sampling, with 23 pregnant women in the experimental group and 23 in the control group. The data collection tool used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Data analysis used the McNemar test. The experimental group study showed an effect of effleurage massage with aromatherapy oil on the quality of night sleep for pregnant women in the second and third trimesters, with a value of p = 0.001. The control group study showed an effect of massage effleurage on the quality of night sleep for pregnant women in the second and third trimesters, with a value of p = 0.016. Analysis of the chi-square test data to see the difference between the experimental and control groups yielded a p-value of 0.049, meaning that there was a significant difference in the post-test sleep quality of the experimental and control groups. In conclusion, the increase in sleep quality for pregnant women was more common in the experimental group; the quality of sleep for pregnant women increased to 87%, while in the control group, the quality of sleep for pregnant women increased only 56.5%. The suggestion is that it is hoped that pregnant women and health workers, in overcoming sleep disturbances in the second and third trimesters of pregnant women, can apply effleurage massage interventions with aromatherapy oils.

Background: Indonesia is included in the category of rheumatism sufferers which is quite high, namely 6.3% in the world of the high rate of rheumatism in indonesia. if it is not treated, it will cause swelling and stiffness in the sufferer's joints, resulting in discomfort. for this reason, efforts are needed to control rheumatism.  one of the rheumatism therapies is doing back massage. back massage is a technique for giving massage to the back with slow rubbing which provides a feeling of comfort and relaxation to the body. objective: to determine the intensity of the pain scale before and after giving back massage therapy and to see the effect of giving back massage therapy on pain in rheumatism sufferers. method: this type of research uses descriptive research methods and by observing 2 respondents with a history of rheumatism and who were given the implementation of back massage therapy. results: there was a decrease in the intensity of rheumatic pain after giving therapy on Mr. S from a scale of 5 to 2 and in Mrs. G from a pain scale of 6 to a pain scale of 2. Conclusion: there is an effect of giving back massage therapy on pain in rheumatism sufferers.    

Background; Hypertension in Central Java Province affects 8.700.512 (30,4%) with a prevalance of hypertension in Sragen is 250.035 people. Generally, hypertension is suffered by elderly people. As they age, the elderly develop hypertension due to physiological factors that cause loss of elasticity and stiffness in blood vessels. Uncontrolled hypertension can cause complications and affect the quality life for elderly. Non-pharmacological therapies such as massage to lowering blood pressure. One of the non-pharmacological therapies is Slow Stroke Back Massage (SSBM). Purpose; To describe the results  observations of Slow Stroke Back Massage (SSBM) therapy as an effort to reduce blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. Method; This method uses descriptive case study analysis and a sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure. SSBM therapy is applied for 10 minutes, 3 times a week, over 4 weeks. Results; After applying SSBM therapy, there was a decrease in respondent I and II's within the category range of stage I hypertension. Conclusion; The application of SSBM therapy in elderly people with hypertension can reduce blood pressure.    

Background: The incidence of decubitus wounds in Indonesia was 33.3%, which is still high compared to Southeast Asia. Data from Central Java Hospital showed decubitus wounds reaching 30%, and the incidence in Sukoharjo City was 0.5%–1% in each region. Pressure on the skin caused by prolonged bed rest or immobilization can change the shape of the soft tissue in the bone protrusion area and increase the risk of decubitus. Objective: To describe the effects of implementing Massage Effleurage with Olive Oil on the prevention of decubitus wounds in bedrest patients. Methods: This kind of study employs descriptive research techniques, such as case studies, observation of two bedridden respondents, and application of olive oil massage therapy twice daily for five days, as assessed by the Braden Scale. Results: The category of decubitus score before application is moderate score and mild score. The category of decubitus score after application is mild score and mild score. There is an increase in decubitus score after being given effleurage massage with olive oil on both respondents. Conclusion: there is a change after giving effleurage massage with olive oil to decubitus scores in bedrest patients.    

Background: Elderly is an aging process with increasing age which is characterized by a decrease in the ability of organ functions and an increase in the loss of active tissue, which makes the body more susceptible to various types of diseases. One of the diseases that elderly people often suffer from is hypertension or high blood pressure. One non-pharmacological treatment that can be done is the foot reflexology massage method..Purpose: To describe the results of comparing blood pressure before and after applying the foot reflexology massage method to elderly hypertensive people. Method: his study used a descriptive design on 2 elderly respondents with hypertension, which was carried out 3x a week with a frequency of 1x a day for 15-20 minutes. Results: There was a decrease in blood pressure after applying the foot reflexology massage method to Mrs. Y went from stage I hypertension to still being in the stage I hypertension category but has experienced a decline and Mrs. S from stage II hypertension to stage I hypertension.. Conclusion: Application of the foot reflexology massage method can reduce blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension.

Background : poor sleep quality in babies will result in decreased immunity, impaired growth and physical development, and have an impact on the growth and development of the baby's brain. 1 year of age is a golden period for brain development. Baby Massage is a type of stimulation that will stimulate the development of the structure and function of cells in the brain. The improvement in the quality of baby's sleep during baby massage is due to an increase in the levels of serotonin secretion produced during massage. Apart from the Baby Massage method, adding Lavender Essential Oil also has an effect on improving the quality of baby's sleep because essential oil can influence brain function activities through the nervous system which is related to the sense of smell. Lavender contains esters which can calm and have a direct effect on the nervous system. Objective: to determine the effect of giving Baby Massage lavender essential oil on improving the sleep quality of babies aged 3-12. Method: Pre-Experiment with One Group Pretest Posttest design. Sample of 30 respondents. Respondents were given a massage once and then evaluated after 24 hours. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. Results: The quality of sleep before being given Baby Massage Lavender Essential was that all 30 respondents had poor sleep quality. The majority of sleep quality after being given Baby Massage Lavender Essential was good, namely 27 respondents (90%). The statistical test obtained a p-value of 0.000, <0.05. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving Baby Massage lavender essential oil on improving the sleep quality of babies aged 3-12.      

Lower back pain is a common complaint among pregnant women in the third trimester. It is estimated that approximately 70% of pregnant women experience some form of back pain during pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum. Non-pharmacological therapies such as deep breathing relaxation techniques and effleurage massage therapy can effectively reduce pain levels in these women. This study employs a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental research method and employs purposive sampling with a sample size of 37 participants. Data analysis includes both univariate and bivariate analyses. Most respondents (64.9%) were aged between 20 and 35 years old. Additionally, the majority (64.9%) were experiencing their first pregnancy. All respondents (100%) were confirmed to have no comorbidities. Furthermore, 73% of the participants had tertiary education (Diploma, Bachelor's, Master's, or Doctorate degrees), and 62.2% continued working during pregnancy. The results of the Wilcoxon test indicated a significant effect (p = 0.000 < 0.05), confirming that effleurage massage and deep breathing relaxation techniques effectively reduce lower back pain in pregnant women. This reduction is attributed to the stimulation of tactile fibers in the skin by effleurage massage, which inhibits pain signals. In conclusion, the findings suggest that implementing effleurage massage and deep breathing relaxation techniques is beneficial for alleviating lower back pain in pregnant women. Public health advice advocates for the application of these techniques to manage such pain effectively.

Background Exclusive breastfeeding in the world is still very low. The problem is that mothers do not breastfeed their babies on the first day because of the mother's fear of not having enough breast milk, flat nipples, swollen breasts, breast abscesses, sore or cracked nipples. This pain will make a mother become stressed. The aim of this community service program (PKM) is to increase the empowerment of husbands in carrying out oxytocin massage for breast milk production in postpartum mothers at the independent midwife practice of Rimenda Br Tarigan, Medan Denai District in 2024. The method used is counseling on targets carried out verbally. The results are based on the results of the service implementation. Participants in this activity were postpartum mothers who visited the Rimenda Br Tarigan Independent Midwife Practice as many as 46 people.

Non-hemorrhagic stroke is a clinical sign of dysfunction or damage to brain tissue caused by lack of blood flow to the brain, thereby disrupting the need for blood and oxygen in brain tissue. Slow stroke back massage therapy is a non-pharmacological therapy to overcome problems in patients with stroke. This research aims to be able to carry out nursing care for clients with non-hemorrhagic stroke using slow stroke back massage therapy in the Flamboyan Room at RSUD dr. T.C Hillers Maumere. The research design used was a case study. The approach used is a nursing care approach which includes identifying data from assessment results, nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation and evaluation. Slow stroke back massage therapy is carried out for 3 days. Data collection techniques used a medical-surgical nursing care assessment format, observation and literature study. The results of the case study showed that clients were diagnosed with ineffective cerebral perfusion and impaired physical mobility. The application of slow stroke back massage therapy showed improvements or changes on the third day, which resulted in the client experiencing a decrease in blood pressure from 180/100 mmHg to 160/90mmHg, not complaining of dizziness, and the patient's right hand was starting to be able to move. The conclusion of this case study is that slow stroke back massage therapy is effective in reducing blood pressure and also helps in increasing physical mobility in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Background: The pregnancy period is a period of adaptation felt by pregnant women because they experience physical and psychological changes. All needs during pregnancy must be met, one of which is sleep. Sleep is one of the basic human needs that is needed and must be fulfilled by every human being, especially pregnant women, to maintain health before giving birth. In the third trimester of pregnancy, pregnant women will experience difficulty sleeping, resulting in reduced sleep quality. Research Objective: To determine the effectiveness of giving lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality in third trimester pregnant women. Research Method: This research uses a quasi experimental design method. The approach taken in this research used a two group pre test and post test design technique, namely research carried out to assess two groups as a whole. Results: the results of statistical tests using the Paired Samples Test, the P value produced by the inhalation intervention group was 0.000 < 0.05, and the results of statistical tests using the Paired Samples Test, the P value produced by the massage intervention group was 0.000 < 0.05. Conclusion: it can be concluded that there is an influence of giving lavender aromatherapy using the inhalation method on sleep quality and there is an influence of giving lavender aromatherapy using the massage method on the sleep quality of pregnant women in the third trimester in the UPTD Working Area of ??the Cibolang Kidul Community Health Center. Suggestion: It is recommended for people or pregnant women who have difficulty sleeping, to implement lavender aromatherapy to overcome difficulty sleeping.

Background: Health is something that is very important for human life. Health and lifestyle are influenced by developments over time. One example is the lack of consumption of foods with fiber to meet daily needs, which causes health problems, namely appendicitis. Appendicitis is a common cause of acute inflammation of the right lower quadrant of the abdominal cavity, which is treated by emergency abdominal surgery. The inflammatory process that occurs in the appendix increases intraluminal pressure which causes the pain to become more severe, generalized or periumbilical and move to the right lower quadrant. One way to deal with pain is by applying the effleurage technique (massage/touch therapy). The aim of this case study is to determine the reduction in pain scale in post-appendectomy patients after effleurage technique therapy (massage/touch therapy). The method used in this case study is case study design with a nursing care process approach. The subjects in this case study were 2 patients, who were obtained from inclusion and exclusion criteria, data collection using the numeric rating scale (NRS). The results of the case study show that the average pain level of the two patients after being given effleurage technique therapy intervention (massage/touch therapy) for 3 days experienced a change from moderate pain to mild pain. The conclusion of this case study shows that there were changes that occurred after the effleurage technique (massage/touch therapy) was given to the 2 patients and they experienced a decrease in the pain scale.