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This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of preventive maintenance on the Simplex machine at PT. XYZ by applying the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method and identifying the primary causes of production losses through the Six Big Losses framework. Preventive maintenance is an important strategy to ensure machine reliability, reduce downtime, and improve production efficiency. OEE is a widely recognized performance measurement tool consisting of three key indicators: Availability, Performance, and Quality. These indicators collectively reflect the overall effectiveness of equipment in supporting the production process. The results of this study indicate that the OEE value of the Simplex machine is 79%, which remains below the world-class benchmark of 85% as recommended by the Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance (JIPM). This finding suggests that the machine’s performance has not yet reached the optimal standard and requires improvement efforts. Further analysis using the Six Big Losses approach reveals that the most significant contributors to reduced machine effectiveness are equipment failure and idling or minor stoppages. These two categories account for the majority of productivity losses, thereby affecting both machine utilization and production output. To further explore the underlying issues, a root cause analysis was conducted using a fishbone diagram, which enabled the identification of several critical factors related to human resources, methods, machines, materials, environment, and measurement systems. Based on this analysis, improvement proposals were developed through the 5W+1H method, providing a systematic strategy to enhance preventive maintenance practices. The recommended actions include scheduling more frequent inspections, improving operator training, upgrading spare parts management, and implementing stricter monitoring of machine performance. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of continuous preventive maintenance to optimize machine productivity and reduce unplanned downtime. By adopting the proposed improvement strategies, PT. XYZ can increase the effectiveness of its Simplex machine, moving

This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the extent to which sand quality influences consumer purchasing decisions in the sand mining area located in Kalicilik Hamlet, Candirejo Village, Blitar Regency. The background of this research is based on the fact that in the construction and development sector, the quality of building materials is a very crucial factor. Sand, as one of the main components in construction, plays a vital role in determining the final outcome of a construction project. Therefore, the quality of the sand used is a primary consideration for consumers in choosing a location or sand seller. This study applies a quantitative approach using a survey method as a data collection technique. Respondents in this study consisted of 74 consumers who actively make purchases at the sand mining location. Data were obtained through the distribution of questionnaires containing questions related to consumer perceptions of sand quality and their decisions in making purchases. The collected data were then analyzed using simple linear regression analysis techniques run with the help of SPSS software. The results of the analysis indicate a highly significant relationship between sand quality and consumer purchasing decisions. This is demonstrated by the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.540, meaning that 54% of the variation in consumer purchasing decisions can be explained by sand quality. Furthermore, the significance value of 0.000 strengthens this finding, indicating that the relationship is not a coincidence. Therefore, this study concludes that the better the quality of sand offered by the mining company, the higher the likelihood of consumers deciding to purchase. The implication of these results is that businesses in the sand mining sector need to pay special attention to the quality of the products they offer.

The low proportion of Grade A harvest quality in Hokkaido corn farming remains a challenge for horticultural agribusiness practitioners. This study aims to develop an operational strategy based on a managerial evaluation of key production factors to improve technical efficiency and harvest quality. The research was conducted at PT Agricole Indonesia Makmur, Cianjur, using data from 24 planting periods in 2024. Six production input variables were analyzed to identify the most influential factors on yield quantity and quality. The results show that only three variables watering frequency, organic fertilizer, and plant age at harvest consistently contributed significantly to the production of Grade A output. Although these variables are inelastic, they play a critical role in maintaining quality. The proposed strategy includes a 10% increase in harvest quantity and a 30% conversion from Grade B to Grade A. Simulation results indicate an additional 7.67 kg of Grade A yield per planting period, generating a value increase of IDR 239,490. The strategy is considered feasible with a positive Return on Investment (ROI) of 14.04% assuming a Grade A selling price of IDR 35,000/kg.

The manufacturing industry is one of the key sectors that plays an important role in a country's economy. In facing the challenges of globalization and technological advancement, human resource (HR) development through training and development becomes crucial. This study aims to analyze HR development strategies in the manufacturing sector and their impact on workforce competencies. The methodology used is literature review and secondary data analysis. The results show that well-planned training and development programs can improve workforce productivity and quality. In addition, companies need to implement strategies that focus on the specific needs of the industry and employees. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of investing in training and development to enhance the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry.

 A brand is one of the most valuable intellectual assets in the business sector, serving not only as a product identity but also as a reflection of reputation and quality. However, the increasing phenomenon of brand infringement indicates the urgent need for stronger and more effective legal protection. Brand infringement brings various negative consequences, including loss of consumer trust, unfair competition, and significant financial losses for brand owners. This study aims to analyze brand infringement from a criminological perspective, identify causal factors, and evaluate the role of law in addressing such violations. The research employs normative legal methods through analysis of statutory regulations, legal and criminological theories, and a literature-based approach using secondary data obtained from books, journals, and legal documents. The findings reveal that criminology provides relevant insights through theories such as Rational Choice Theory, which explains that perpetrators calculate the risks and benefits before committing the violation, and Anomie Strain Theory, which highlights how the inability to achieve economic or social goals legally can drive individuals or groups to commit brand infringement. The classification of violations includes imitation, counterfeiting, misuse, and unlawful exploitation of brand rights. Several causal factors were identified, including weak legal supervision, limited enforcement, and the high consumer demand for cheaper counterfeit products. Furthermore, the study underlines the essential role of the criminal justice system in addressing brand infringement through the enforcement of criminal, civil, and administrative sanctions as regulated under Law Number 20 of 2016 on Trademarks and Geographical Indications. In conclusion, brand infringement is not merely a legal issue but also a criminological problem that requires comprehensive handling through effective law enforcement, stronger supervision, and increased public awareness to protect intellectual property and ensure fair business practices.

The development of information technology has significantly transformed government administration, including the promotion system for Civil Servants (PNS). The National Civil Service Agency (BKN) has developed the Civil Service Administration Information System (SIASN) to expedite the PNS promotion process digitally. However, implementing this system still faces several challenges, such as a lack of employee understanding, limited human resources, and technical issues in system usage. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the promotion service system implemented by the Personnel and Human Resource Development Agency (BKPSDM) of Batu Bara Regency. The study employs interviews, observations, and document analysis to identify key issues in the promotion process and provide recommendations to enhance service efficiency and quality. The findings indicate that although a digital system has been adopted, its implementation still encounters obstacles, such as incomplete data, inadequate technological infrastructure, and employees' limited ability to operate the system. Therefore, improving employee training, strengthening technological infrastructure, and refining administrative policies are recommended measures to enhance the effectiveness of the PNS promotion service system in Batu Bara Regency.

This paper presents the design and implementation of an automatic Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) making device using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. Virgin Coconut Oil has gained popularity due to its health benefits and versatile uses in various industries. The traditional process of making VCO involves manual effort and precise timing, which can be tedious and inconsistent. The proposed automated system aims to streamline the VCO production process by integrating sensors, actuators, and a microcontroller to achieve precise control and monitoring of the process variables. The Arduino Uno microcontroller serves as the central unit for data acquisition, processing, and control, facilitating automation through programmed logic. Key components of the automated VCO maker include temperature sensors for monitoring heating stages, a motor for stirring, and relays for controlling heating elements. The system utilizes feedback loops to maintain optimal conditions during each phase of VCO production, ensuring reproducibility and quality. The design also emphasizes user-friendly operation, with an interface that provides real-time feedback on process parameters and allows manual intervention if necessary. Safety features are incorporated to prevent overheating and ensure operational reliability. Overall, the developed automatic VCO maker offers a practical solution to enhance the efficiency and consistency of VCO production, catering to both small-scale producers and commercial enterprises in the food and cosmetic industries

This study was conducted to analyze the influence of viral marketing, price, and product quality on skincare purchasing decisions. In this research, data were obtained using the literature review method. The results show that viral marketing, leveraging social media and influencer engagement, has a significant impact on increasing product visibility and attracting consumer interest. Price, while being a factor considered, has a varying influence depending on consumers' perceptions of the balance between price and quality. Product quality was found to be the dominant factor affecting purchasing decisions, as consumers generally prefer products that are safe, effective, and meet their needs. These conclusions emphasize the importance of effective marketing strategies and product quality improvements to meet consumer preferences and foster their loyalty.

According to current trends, there is a need for Islamic banks both in quantity and quality. Customers will think about and choose Islamic banks more often as quality improves. The quality of Islamic banks can be improved by looking at their performance and sustainability capabilities which are influenced by the quality of funding or investment. This sharia bank, which was founded by considering these two types of financing, uses sharia banking as its financing fund distribution product. These banks finance transactions with the aim of making money. based on the results of collaborative projects implemented based on musyarakah agreements and profit sharing principles. Musyarakah financing is a collaborative effort between capital owners to run a particular business in accordance with sharia principles, with both parties participating in the success of the business. parties according to predetermined ratios, and losses are allocated according to capital advice. In the financial industry, bank performance is one of the main indicators of health. One method for evaluating bank operations is to use metrics to measure profitability, which is usually called ROA or profit assets. ROA is a capability metric; a business makes money by using all its resources and skills. A bank will make more money and have a better asset utilization position if its return on assets (ROA) is higher. In other words, ROA can show how effectively managers allocate resources to generate profits.

This study analyzes the differences and similarities of internal audit quality in the public sector and private sector using a literature analysis approach. The main objective was to explore factors that affect audit quality, such as auditor independence, competence, transparency, and accountability. The results show that the public sector often faces challenges in maintaining auditor independence due to the influence of bureaucracy and politicization. However, the sector has advantages in transparency and accountability, which support public trust in the management of public funds. In contrast, the private sector excels in operational efficiency and flexibility, supported by the use of modern audit technology and leaner organizational structures. Despite the differences, both sectors require high auditor competence and strong internal control systems to ensure audit effectiveness. This research suggests strengthening auditor training, implementing modern audit technology, and increasing collaboration between internal and external auditors to ensure audit objectivity and quality. In addition, further studies are recommended to explore the impact of applying new technologies, such as big data and artificial intelligence, and conduct cross-sectoral comparisons to understand audit implementation globally.

Innovation in Hajj and Umrah management through the use of social media holds significant potential to enhance service efficiency and quality. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp can be used to quickly and accurately provide education and information to pilgrims. Organizers can deliver guidelines, health tips, and real-time updates about conditions in the holy land, and respond to pilgrims' questions and complaints more efficiently. This research explores how social media can be integrated into Hajj and Umrah management to improve service quality and risk management, focusing on the role of social media in education, responsiveness, and risk management. The findings indicate that social media is effective in disseminating information and enhancing interaction between organizers and pilgrims, though challenges exist in technology access gaps and the risk of spreading inaccurate information.    

Detecting diseases in durian plants is a significant challenge in the agricultural sector, impacting yield and quality. This research aims to improve disease identification in durian plants by applying the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. The method involves collecting images of durian leaves, stems, and fruits infected by various diseases and using data augmentation techniques to expand the dataset and reduce overfitting. With the CNN model trained using this dataset, the accuracy reached 62% on validation data, with the highest accuracy for the “Healthy” class at 83%. The research results show that CNN is effective in recognizing diseases in durian plants, although there is still room for improvement through model optimization and the addition of training data. The implications of this research include the development of an AI-based disease detection system that can help farmers care for durian plants more efficiently and timely.

Human resources as a resource in a company have a strategic role compared to other resources. Humans play a very important role in the development of a company. If a company has higher quality human resources than its competitors, then its performance will definitely increase. Human resource and competency planning in a company plays an important role in improving human resources, especially in terms of employee performance, employee performance to help achieve company goals. In this case, employee performance is a result that can be achieved by an individual or group of people in a company organization according to quantitative or qualitative aspects, considering employee compensation. Apart from that, a mismatch between an employee's competency (the employee's educational background and skills) and their job can also make the employee uncomfortable with what they are doing. This of course greatly affects the level of work productivity in the company. Competencies can clarify work standards and expectations that the company wants to achieve and can make it easier for companies to align work behavior with organizational values. Apart from that, HR planning as an activity is a process of how to meet current and future workforce needs for an organization. In meeting current workforce needs, the HR planning process means efforts to fill/cover workforce shortages both in quantity and quality. HR planning emphasizes forecasting efforts regarding workforce availability based on needs in accordance with future business plans.

The case shows that some children's syrup drug products contain hazardous substances that can endanger the health of children. As a producer of children's syrup, their legal responsibility is very important in ensuring consumer safety. Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health provides a legal framework that regulates the responsibility of producers in this regard. This thesis discusses the legal responsibility of producers of children's syrup containing dangerous substances based on the law. The research reviews legal aspects related to producer responsibility, including legal sanctions that can be given to producers if they are found to have violated regulations, as well as what efforts producers can take to minimize legal risks and meet product safety and quality standards. The results of the study show that manufacturers of syrup for children must pay attention to various regulations and safety and quality standards stipulated by Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health and related institutions, and conduct product trials periodically to ensure safety and quality. In addition, producers must also be prepared to face legal sanctions if they violate existing regulations, such as fines and revocation of business licenses. The legal responsibility of the producer, then legal liability, namely civil, criminal and administrative responsibility Legal efforts that can be carried out Mediation efforts with the business actor/manufacturer of children's syrup medicine, if this fails, then the process can be carried out through the Consumer Dispute Protection Agency (BPSK), if the decision is not satisfactory, further legal action can be taken through the general court. The Ministry of Health and BPOM should be able to mitigate risks at the outset, regarding the distribution of drugs in Indonesia    

The current modern era brings various opportunities and new business opportunities. This causes more and more prospective entrepreneurs to be interested in taking advantage of existing infrastructure advances to support their business. Apart from that, it has an impact on increasing the level of competition in the industry, which can be indicated by the increasing number of competitors from similar companies that present alternative choices for consumers with different promotions and quality. In fact, each company has its own unique way of holding promotions to attract consumer attention. Therefore, entrepreneurs need to prioritize efforts to implement effective product quality, prices, promotions and services to maximize sales levels. This research is aimed at analyzing the influence of product quality, price, promotion and service on repeat purchase decisions. The approach is a qualitative approach, by collecting data through literature study from previous articles and literature. Research findings reveal that product quality, price, promotions, and service have a significant influence on repeat purchases by consumers. Satisfactory product quality and affordable prices can increase consumers' interest in repurchasing. Apart from that, attractive promotions and quality service also play an important role in influencing consumer satisfaction and encouraging repeat purchases.

In the agricultural sector, the automatic identification of chili pepper varieties is crucial for improving production efficiency and quality. This study developed a chili pepper variety detection system based on characteristics using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. The PCA method was used to reduce the dimensionality of chili pepper image data, thereby facilitating the classification process while retaining the key features necessary for chili pepper variety identification. The recognition system for chili pepper identification involves inputting chili pepper image data into a computer. The computer then interprets and identifies the chili pepper variety, and the test data utilizes a dataset of chili pepper images from various varieties. The research results indicate that the proposed system achieves a high level of accuracy in detecting and classifying chili pepper varieties. Consequently, this system can assist farmers and agricultural industry stakeholders in the chili pepper sorting and selection process, thereby improving operational efficiency and the quality of the harvest.

Oligopoly is a form of market structure where there are a few producers or dominate the market for a particular product or service. In an oligopoly, there are a few large companies that control most of the supply of goods or services, thus having the ability to influence prices and control competition. In an oligopoly market, each company will position itself as part of the market game. This certainly needs to be done because the profits they get are very dependent on their competing companies. Every policy taken by one company will greatly influence other companies so that competition will become increasingly fierce in terms of price and quality.

Analysis of marine catches for the economy of coastal communities is an important thing to do. This is because marine catches are one of the main sources of livelihood for coastal communities. Marine catches can make a significant contribution to the economy of coastal communities, either directly or indirectly. Directly, marine catches can provide income for fishermen and other coastal communities involved in fishing activities. This income can be used to meet daily living needs, such as for food, clothing, health, education, and so on. Indirectly, marine catches can contribute to the economy of coastal communities through various other economic activities, such as trade, processing, and tourism. These activities can absorb labor and increase the income of coastal communities. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that marine catches have an important role in the economy of coastal communities. Therefore, efforts need to be made to increase marine catches, both in quantity and quality. These efforts can be done through various means, such as improving fishing technology, sustainable fish resource management, and improving fishermen's skills.    

Background Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is the main indicator for assessing the success of maternal health programs because of its sensitivity to improving health services, both in terms of accessibility and quality. Acceleration in reducing MMR can be achieved by improving health services for pregnant women in prenatal yoga classes which have the benefit of improving maternal health, both physical, mental and emotional. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between maternal age, maternal employment and husband's support on maternal participation in prenatal yoga classes. Methode This research method is quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The subjects were 42 primigravida. The sampling used was consecutive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire list, then the data was processed using the Chi Square test. Result The results of the bivariate test using the chi square test showed that there was a significant relationship between husband's support (p value = 0.009), there was no significant relationship between mother's age (p value = 0.559) and mother's employment (p value = 0.525) with the participation of primigravida pregnant women in taking prenatal yoga classes. Conclussion Husband's support is associated with mother's participation in prenatal yoga classes.    

Public service can be said as a mirror of the relationship between the government and its citizens. Public services are also a medium for channeling the government's attention to the demands and needs of its people, especially at the present time where we are entering the era of society 5.0 which is defined as a period of intense human competition because various sectors of life coexist with the use of communication technology. The implementation of E-government has also been widely implemented in several government agencies in Indonesia, including the Population and Civil Registration Office of the City of Padang, West Sumatra, with the use of an online-based service system to improve service quality and quality. This is in accordance with the statement by the Head of the Padang City Disdukcapil Edi Hasymi who said that "this online service follows up on an appeal from the Ministry of Home Affairs for Disdukcapil in each district/city to implement online adminduk services to make it easier for people to carry out adminduk services"