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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which is the most frequently found bacteria and is transmitted between humans via the air route. The incidence of TB in Indonesia in 2020 was 301 per 100,000 population. Therefore, family doctors play an important role in promoting health and preventing TB disease, identifying risk factors, clinical problems, and providing management to patients by implementing holistic family doctor services based on evidence based medicine through a patient centered and family approach, the main problem This patient did not wear PPE when in direct contact with other patients while working at PKM Tanah Pasir. In this case report, primary data was obtained through anamnesis (autoanamnesis), physical examination and home visits to complete family data, psychosocial and environmental data. Patient Mr. R, 45 years old, underwent routine TB treatment at the Tanah Pasir Community Health Center and was diagnosed two months ago. The patient has normal nutritional status. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are carried out for patients in the form of education about TB disease for patients and their families. The results of the evaluation of the intervention are that the patient has started to do physical activity and the family has supported the patient's routine treatment.

Infectious diseases in infants are one of the causes of high infant mortality. The infectious diseases are hepatitis B, polio, tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and measles. Since 1991, pertussis cases have emerged as a frequently reported case in Indonesia, about 40% of pertussis cases affect toddlers. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that influence parental motivation in the implementation of the Bias Program at the Salam Babaris Health Center. Analytical survey research method with cross sectional approach. The sample in this study was 50 mothers. Primary data collection was analyzed using descriptive test and chi square test. The results of the study showed that most respondents had good knowledge as many as 30 people (60%), higher education (SMA / PT) as many as 35 people (70%), age not at risk (20-35 years) as many as 36 people (72%), good parental motivation as many as 21 people (42%). There is an influence of knowledge on parental motivation in the implementation of the Bias program (pvalue: 0.011<0.05). There is an influence of education on parental motivation in the implementation of the Bias program (pvalue: 0.000<0.05). There is an influence of age on parental motivation in the implementation of the Bias program (pvalue: 0.025<0.05).    

This study focuses on the impact of Pursed Lips Breathing (PLB) exercises on the Respiratory Rate (RR) of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) patients. Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, often leads to abnormal breathing patterns. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of Pursed Lips Breathing (PLB) exercises on the RR of TB patients. The research methodology employs a pre-experimental design with a One group Pretest-Posttest Design. The study includes a population of 30 respondents, and a total sample of 30 respondents selected through total sampling technique. Research instruments consist of observation sheets, SOP, and a Stopwatch. Data analysis utilizes the Dependent T-test. The study's findings indicate a significant impact of PLB exercises on the RR of TB patients, with a p-value of 0.000 (? ? 0.05). This underscores the importance of considering PLB exercises as an effective alternative therapy for managing changes in respiratory rate. Furthermore, it can be applied by families at home, ensuring that the therapy's benefits are more widely realized.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterium that causes the infectious disease pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Bayongong District is ranked second in terms of TB cases found in Garut Regency. The involvement of adolescents in controlling TB disease is needed as an agent of change to increase early detection of TB in their family members. With early detection of TB disease, treatment can be started quickly and transmission can be controlled. To increase teenagers' knowledge and awareness of TB disease, it is necessary to provide education to teenagers, namely high school students in Bayongbong District, about the importance of recognizing symptoms, transmission, prevention and treatment, as well as laboratory examinations for TB disease. Education is carried out by presenting material related to TB disease. Apart from that, students were also shown a video on how to carry out a TB examination using BTA (Acid Fast Bacteria) staining and TCM (Rapid Molecular Test). Before and after education, each student received a questionnaire designed to measure their level of knowledge. After community service, education about TB disease among high school students resulted in an increased understanding of TB symptoms, transmission, prevention, treatment and examination.

Control efforts with the DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short-course) strategy have been implemented. The side effects of this drug will continue as long as the sufferer takes it, furthermore anti-TB drugs (OAT) will change the metabolism in the sufferer's body. Chronic effects that arise from OAT treatment include increased levels of uric acid, glucose and hemoglobin in the blood. From the results of a preliminary study, data collection was carried out on the number of pulmonary TB sufferers in Kupang City in 2021, amounting to 385. Of this number, 72 cases were found at the Oesapa Community Health Center who were smear positive for pulmonary TB and had recovered and were still undergoing treatment. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out research to determine blood glucose, uric acid and hemoglobin levels in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients who take OAT (anti-TB drugs) before taking, after taking 2 months and 6 months of treatment. This research method is descriptive and statistical. Statistical analysis using One Way Anova and Linear Regression tests was used to determine the effect of length of treatment on blood profiles in pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers. TB sufferers with anti-tuberculosis drug therapy at the Oesapa Community Health Center based on the age of the patient, there were 11 sufferers aged <30 years (55%), 9 sufferers aged >30 years (45%). Based on gender, 13 sufferers were female (65%), 7 sufferers were male (35%). Hemoglobin levels checked before treatment showed a mean of 13.015 g/dL, during 2 months of treatment 13.185 g/dL, and after 6 months of treatment the mean was 11.94 g/dL. The current blood sugar levels from table 1.3 above which were checked before treatment showed an average of 137.7 g/dL, during 2 months of treatment 145.15 g/dL, and after 6 months of treatment the average was 144.15 g/dL. Uric acid levels were based on the respondent's length of treatment with an average uric acid level before treatment of 6.16 mg/dL, 2 months of treatment 5.92 mg/dL and 6 months of treatment 6.43 mg/dL. Hemoglobin levels, instant blood sugar and uric acid before, 2 months and 6 months of treatment showed a p value <0.05, meaning the data was not normally distributed. The results of the analysis using the Friedman anova test showed a p value (0.137) > 0.05. This means there is no difference in uric acid measurement values ??before, 2 months and 6 months of treatment. The results of the analysis using the Friedman anova test showed a p value (0.142) > 0.05. This means that there is no difference in blood sugar measurement values ??before, 2 months and 6 months of treatment. The results of the analysis using the Friedman anova test showed a p value (0.378) > 0.05. This means there is no difference in Hb measurement values ??before, 2 months and 6 months of treatment

Pleural effusion is a condition in which fluid accumulates in the pleural space. Many diseases may underlie the occurrence of pleural effusion including tuberculosis, malignancy, pneumonia, thoracic empyema, congestive heart failure, and liver cirrhosis (1, 2). In western countries, pleural effusion is mainly caused by congestive heart disease, liver cirrhosis, malignancy, and bacterial pneumonia. While in developing countries like Indonesia it is common to be caused by tuberculosis infection.

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major global health problem and is spreading all over the world, including in Indonesia. In recent years, the incidence of TB in Indonesia has continued to increase. Data in East Java also shows that TB is increasing at any time and one of the largest is in Jember. This is caused by various factors, such as the lack of public knowledge about TB, high poverty rates, and lack of access to health services. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase public knowledge about TB and how to prevent its spread. The aim of this program is to provide education related to TB disease prevention among the people of Banjarsengon, Patrang District, Jember, East Java. The target of this program is the general public who are at risk of contracting TB, such as migrant workers, farmers and informal workers. The method used is presentation using actual references and socialization. Socialization can be done through various media, such as leaflets distributed to participants. The socialization material presented included an explanation of TB symptoms, ways of transmission, ways of prevention, and access to health services. Apart from that, educational media is also made, which can be in the form of short videos as an illustration for the participants of this education for prevention and early detection. With increasing public knowledge, it is hoped that it can reduce the incidence of TB among the community in Banjarsengon

In 2019 the total number of tuberculosis cases in North Sumatra was recorded at 99,398 cases, while in 2020 there were 78,698 cases and in 2021 there were 57,247 cases. This study aims to look at the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and family support with the risk of pulmonary TB transmission. This type of research is survey research which is analytic in nature. Cross sectional research design. The sample is pulmonary TB patients in the Working Area of the Kartini Public Health Center, Pematang Siantar City for the period of October 2022 as many as 44 people. Data analysis using chi square. The results of the study concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes and family support with the risk of pulmonary TB transmission in the family. The role of health workers and Community Health Centers is as a source of correct information through applicative counseling by giving leaflets to pulmonary TB patients.

Elderly is a process of experiencing anatomical, physiological and biochemical aging in organ tissues which can affect the state of function and ability of the body as a whole (Fatmah, 2019). In Indonesia, fracture cases are the third largest cause of death under coronary heart disease and tuberculosis. According to data compiled by Wrong Diagnosis (Ropyanto, et al, 2013), Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia that experiences the most fractures of 1.3 million each year out of a population of around 238 million. In postoperative fracture patients, they experience delays in making movements due to muscle weakness and perceived pain (Ningsih, 2019). In an elderly person, it will bring about a complete change in his physique related to a decrease in the ability of the body's tissues, especially in physiological functions in the musculoskeletal system and the neurological system. One of the changes that occur in the elderly is a change in decreased muscle strength, the impact of decreased muscle strength is an increased risk of falling and causes walking to be less stable (Padila, 2020). Purpose: ROM is an exercise used to improve normal joint movement to increase muscle tone. Doing ROM exercises early can increase muscle strength so that it can stimulate more motor units involved, there will be an increase in muscle strength (Anggriani et al., 2020) Method: Using a muscle strength scale instrument. Conclusion: That Range Of Motion has benefits and is

TB is an infectious disease that is easily transmitted caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium can attack several organs in the body but most of these bacteria attack the lungs. The most common transmission is through droplet infection by TB patients. Efforts to convey information on media selection are very important and need to be considered because the correct selection and delivery will provide maximum results in increasing knowledge, attitudes and intentions. This type of research is qualitative research using a qualitative approach. The delivery of learning material at the Kebonsari Health Center uses online, namely like looking through social media. Based on the results of the research and also the results of the interviews conducted by the researchers, it was shown that the delivery of TB material using promotional media, print media, such as leaflets and posters, was effectively used and contributed to rehabilitation patients at the Kebonsari Health Center in Surabaya. Because patients think that the delivery of material uses a new leaflet for them and patients pay more attention to the material presented.

Background: Most respiratory disorders are caused by problems or diseases of the respiratory system, including the lungs. Inability of the lungs to expand (elasticity), as well as structural (anatomical) and functional airway obstructions that prevent the creation of breathable airflow, are signs of impaired lung function. Restriction and blockage are two types of lung function problems.Purpose: To analyze the application of the tripod position and pursed lip breathing technique to the increase in oxygen saturation in congested patients in the emergency room at PROF Hospital. Dr. SABOE TONGUE.Methods: Case report, which is a narrative report. The case study in this paper examines the use of a tripod position and pursed lip breathing technique to increase oxygen saturation in shortness of breath patients. Patients with asthma, lung cancer, TB, and COPD constitute the study population. Four patients with asthma, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and COPD were sampled for the study.Results: After the nurse's intervention was carried out, which was related to airway management in the fourth patient, the overall evaluation results were obtained, then the intervention was continued in the patient's treatment room.Conclusion: Based on the description above, people with respiratory problems often experience decreased functional daily activities, decreased concentration, and mood swings. As a result, if the condition of shortness of breath is allowed to continue unnoticed it will reduce oxygen saturation which in turn can cause cyanosis in patients who experience recurrent infections.  

Riwayat alamiah infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pada manusia sangat bervariasi, demikian pula respons terhadap pengobatan tuberkulosis aktif. Saat ini tidak ada cara langsung untuk mengidentifikasi individu yang infeksi Mtb-nya telah diberantas, baik melalui respon imun bakterisidal atau kemoterapi antimikroba yang mensterilkan. Dengan menggunakan metode literatur Riview maka kita dapat mengetahui bahwa model matematika dapat membantu dalam keadaan seperti itu dengan mengukur atau memprediksi kejadian yang tidak dapat diamati secara langsung. Model matematika digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi individu dengan resistensi bawaan terhadap infeksi Mtb, menentukan mekanisme etiologi tuberkulosis pada pasien yang diobati dengan penghambat faktor nekrosis tumor, dan memprediksi risiko kambuh pada orang yang menjalani pengobatan tuberkulosis.

Tuberculosis cases in Indonesia are ranked second in the world. TB prevention needs to be done at the grassroots level by involving trained TB cadres. The simulation training method is one of the strategies in increasing the capacity of cadres in increasing TB knowledge and the performance of TB cadres in finding cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of providing simulation training methods on the level of cadre knowledge and performance of YABHYSA Sumenep TB cadres. This study uses a quantitative analytic survey with a cross-sectional design research design. Sampling using non probability sampling by means of purposive sampling, namely all active cadres SSR YABHYSA Sumenep as many as 45 people.The results showed that there was an effect of providing simulation training methods on increasing knowledge and performance of TB cadres YABHYSA Sumenep between before and after receiving simulation training (p<0.05). It is concluded that the provision of simulation training methods can improve the knowledge of TB cadres and cadre performance in TB case finding.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that can attack various organs, especially the lungs. People with Diabetes Mellitus are more susceptible to tuberculosis infection because there is damage to the function of immune cells. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and the area of lesions in thoracic photos of tuberculosis sufferers at Konawe Hospital. This study used an observational analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach. The results of this study obtained 7.4% of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 patients with Tuberculosis in the broad lesion category and based on the results of the spearman test obtained a value (p = 0.036) (r = 0.405) which means that there is a significant relationship between Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and the area of the lesion in the thoracic photo of tuberculosis sufferers at Konawe Regency Hospital

The World Health Organization (WHO) as an agency of the United Nations, noted that in Indonesia, traffic accidents are the third leading cause of death after coronary heart disease and tuberculosis (TB). It is recorded that around 1.2 million people die each year in traffic accidents. Traffic accidents are the leading cause of death for adolescents, aged 15 to 29 years. Of this number, 73% are dominated by teenage boys. The number of traffic accidents among adolescents can occur due to several factors, one of which is the lack of understanding of adolescents about the laws and regulations governing traffic problems. In Indonesia, there is a law that regulates traffic, namely Law no. 22 of 2009. An understanding of the substance of the Traffic Law is deemed necessary for teenagers, especially for those who are still in high school. Therefore, this activity is one of the means to minimize the death rate among teenagers caused by traffic accidents, by increasing the knowledge and understanding of teenagers about Traffic laws. It is hoped that a better understanding of the Traffic Law, can reduce the number of traffic accidents among teenagers. Broadly speaking, the implementation method in this activity can be divided into three stages, first, namely pre-activity which includes licensing activities, surveys, and program preparation. Second, implementation starts with giving questionnaires before and after lectures and lectures. Third, evaluation, which includes the preparation of reports. The results of this activity showed an increase in the understanding of service participants regarding the Traffic Law and the forms of violations regulated in it. Keywords: Traffic Violations, Sanctions, Traffic and Highway Laws, Youth  

Kejadian tuberkulosis pada anak kurang mendapat perhatian dalam epidemiologi tuberkulosis dikarenakan >95% anak-anak dengan tuberculosis memiliki sputum BTA (-), sehingga tidak berkontribusi secara langsung dalam menularkan kejadian tuberkulosis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian tuberkulosis pada anak di RSUD Toto Kabila. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain case-control study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di RSUD Toto Kabila. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak yang menderita tuberkulosis dan yang memiliki resiko penularan tuberkulosis di wilayah kerja RSUD Toto Kabila yang berjumlah 62 orang dengan sampel sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil penelitian uji analisis chi-square didapatkan nilai p-value < α 0,05, maka dapat disimpulkan pengetahuan orang tua, riwayat imunisasi BCG dan riwayat merokok keluarga berisiko terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis pada anak. Adanya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah dan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran orang tua tentang pentingnya menjaga kesehatan anak dan kebersihan lingkungan.    

Tuberkulosis paru masih menjadi masalah besar dan menjadi fokus perhatian penanganannya disemua negara di dunia. Penularan tuberkulosis paru saat ini sangat menghawatirkan dimana salah satu penyebabnya adalah perilaku masyarakat yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku masyarakat dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tilamuta Kabupaten Boalemo. Penelitian ini merupakan Rancangan kuantitatif obsevasional dengan pendekatan crossectional studi. sampel penelitian adalah 60 responden. Dari  hasil penelitian diketahui masyarakat wilayah kerja puskesmas tilamuta yang berperilaku kurang 27 responden (45%), cukup 26 responden (43,3%) dan berperilaku baik 7 responden (11,7%) sedangkan kejadian tuberculosis paru di wilayah kerja puskesmas tilamuta terkonfirmasi bakteriologis 27 responden (45%)  dan tuberculosis klinis 33 responen (55%).. Dimana didapatkan tidak adanya hubungan perilaku masyarakat dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di wilayah kerja puskesmas Tilamuta kabupaten Boalemo dengan nilai p value sebesar 0,641 (α > 0,05). Disarankan untuk lebih dikembangkan melalui pendekatan retrospektif terutama untuk mengetahui factor utama yang dapat menyebabkan tuberculosis.    

Penyakit TB paru masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Menurut Global Tuberculosis Report tahun 2020 diperkirakan 10 juta kasus (pria 56% kasus; wanita 32% kasus; anak-anak 12% kasus). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan penderita TB paru yang menjalani pengobatan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Lemito Kabupaten Pohuwato. Menggunakan metode survey dan pendekatan deskriptif. Variable yang diidentifikasi tingkat kecemasan penderita TB paru 6 bulan terakhir. Hasil penelitian mayoritas responden mengalami kecemasan ringan akibat jumlah obat yang dikonsumsi dan lama pengobatan agar sembuh sampai tuntas. Kecemasan responden laki-laki disebabkan laki-laki merupakan tulang punggung keluarga. Rentang usia respoden mayoritas antara 26-45 dan 46-65 tahun, sehingga mengakibatkan produktivitas dan aktivitas sosialnya terhambat. Kurangnya wawasan yang mereka miliki, berkembang sesuai pengetahuan yang dimiliki setiap individu. Kesimpulan: Tingkat kecemasan penderita TB paru berdasar penilaian skala HARS, mayoritas kecemasan ringan 19 orang (61,3%), responden kecemasan sedang 7 orang (22,6%), dan 5 orang (16,1%) responden tidak cemas. Karakteristik: Responden mayoritas laki-laki 21 orang (67,74%), mayoritas pada rentang usia 26-45 tahun dan 46-65 tahun masing-masing berjumlah 10 orang (32,26%), mayoritas berpendidikan SD 11 orang (35,48%), dan mayoritas memiliki pekerjaan lainnya 17 orang (54,84%) serta mayoritas telah menjalani pengobatan selama 1-3 bulan sejumlah 15 orang (48,39%).      

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can be prevented and cured, but takes a long time so whether treatment is successful or not is influenced by the support of families and health workers. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between family support and health workers with medication adherence in pulmonary TB patients. This study used quantitative methods with a cross-sectional approach, Sampling using accidental sampling technique with a total sample of 34 people.. Data collection using questionnaire sheets and data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square test. The results of the study obtained good family support for the majority of compliance by 52.94% and poor family support by the majority of non-compliance by 29.4%, as well as the support of health workers in the majority of compliance by 59.94% and no support of health workers in the majority of non-compliance by 23.53%, the results of the chi-square statistical test obtained there was a relationship of family support (p-value=0.000) and health worker support (p-value= 0.004) with adherence to taking medications. It can be concluded that pulmonary TB patients who receive support from family and health workers can affect the patient's compliance in taking medications.