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Underlying this research begins with a critical reflection on the subject's experience as a musician in a church located in Palangka Raya as a church clergy guitarist as well as seeing complex rhythmic stretches when encountering expression, stewardship, phonemes, worship works, ethics and self-ability. This research method uses qualitative research methods by searching data through secondary sources, namely through recent journals (the last five years) that relate to guitarists, guitars, educational stewardship based on the critical reflection of the researchers. The results of this study show that the church music guitarist embraces humility, sharing sounds/phonemes by eliminating the dominance of the guitar sound when collaborating with non-guitar instrumentalists. It then becomes a space for critical reflection when researchers retell it in the philosophical, theological and liturgical landscape of the church

In writing this article, the author used a descriptive qualitative method that tries to explain the role of church leaders in fostering interreligious harmony amidst the diversity of indonesian society. This article highlights the integral role played by church leaders in advancing interfaith harmony in indonesia, a society rich in ethnic, religious, racial, and cultural diversity. In the midst of this complexity, church leaders are not only spiritual figures, but also agents of developing understanding, tolerance and cooperation between religious communities. By teaching the values ​​of love, peace, forgiveness and respect, they shape their people's perspective on the importance of living peacefully with people of other religions. Apart from communicating these values ​​through sermons and teaching, church leaders are also a driving force in fostering inter-religious dialogue and campaigning messages of peace and tolerance. They emphasized that all religions are not a source of conflict, but rather wealth that can deepen the social and spiritual dimensions of society.Awareness of the importance of interfaith harmony and the active role of church leaders in strengthening it is crucial to ensuring harmony and progress in indonesia as a pluralistic country. Church leaders are not only responsible in the spiritual realm, but also play a key role in building a solid foundation for interfaith harmony in society. Reference sources, such as scriptures, journals, and theological sources, provide a credible foundation that supports the overall argument presented in this article.    

This research is a theological literature review of the complexity of the church's responsibilities as God's servants. It is revealed that contemporary Christianity reflects a potential falsehood between carrying out the duties and responsibilities of the church through reflecting on the character of Jesus Christ in ministry. This raises a dilemma regarding the central reflection of today's church ministry. The author uses a qualitative method of descriptive analysis in the form of text literature. In conclusion, the church today must reflect again on its duties and responsibilities in the essence of God's mission to save humans. So the center of ministry is a reflection of what Jesus did.

The certainty of of being saved is the most important thing that God has given to humans.  However, people often refuse to be led and enter into God’s plan.  As a result of refusing to be led by God, many of God’s people fall away and ultimately turn against God.  Man leaves God and turns to truths outside God considered more correct. Same people think that God is all-loving and forgiving and cannot possibly bear to punish people who believe Him, even though they refuse to be led by God.  How is the salvation of people who refuse to be led by God and even then fall away ? The research in this thesis begins by studying and explaining the meaning of apostasy and the reasons why someone can become apostate.  Continuing with the possibility of whether or not sameone can apostate from God.  To complete it, the author raises several views of theological figures regarding the possibility of apostasy.  The author describes with an exegetical study parts of the Bible verse in the book of Hebrew 5:11 -6:8 which are often used as an cirgue for theological controversy, regarding the possibility of apostasy and loss safety. Conclusions are obtained by comparing, analyzing and provides an interpretation based on the analogy method of faith, the Bible as a basis for measuring truth.  Realizing that humans are obliged to submit themselves to God and obey God’s statements, the author also used methods Neo-Supernatural dialectics. From the results of research exegetically and by proposing premises so the author can conclude that if sameone who has believed in the Lord Jesus Christ then apostatizes, then the certainty of his salvation will be lost.

. In writing this article, Mordecai is often interpreted as a lesson about strong faith, greatness, and belief in divine providence. His actions are seen as an example of standing up for what is right and trusting in God's plan, even in the face of adversity. In a theological context, this research aims to provide an example of the importance of loyalty, greatness, and struggle in building strong faith and maintaining faith, as well as belief in God's faithfulness in the midst of life crises and providing inspiration in strengthening faith and obedience to God in any situation.

The church is faced with an urgent responsibility to address the environmental crisis by building awareness of eco-tourism. By promoting eco-tourism as a tool to preserve nature and support sustainable development, the church not only provides theological understanding but also acts as a real agent of change in supporting environmental conservation efforts. A literature review of environmental ecology theory, eco-tourism theory, and Christian religious views provides a foundation for understanding human behavior towards nature. This research, using a descriptive qualitative method, combines literature analysis with the author's field experience to formulate a theoretical proposal. The church is considered to have a crucial responsibility in protecting the environment and building eco-tourism by supporting environmental programs, collaborating with NGOs, providing environmental education through worship, playing an active role in commemorating environmental days, and taking concrete steps in the development of sustainable eco-tourism. Conclusions highlight three concepts of the human view of the environment, with humans together with nature approaching the values of Christian eco-theology, while suggestions include church support on government environmental programs and close cooperation with NGOs to raise the environmental awareness of its members.  

This research study has a theological aim of the meaning of Spirituality of Humility in a Christian context experiencing a crisis of faith. The background to the writing is the author's observation of several phenomena in the practical life of Christians in modern times which are experiencing degradation, such as lack of willingness, sacrifice, humility, love and faith. The problems experienced by the author believe are due to problems with Christian spirituality in modern times. The author observes the fact that modern humans do not appreciate the events of the cross and calvary (Jesus). This experience provides the principles of spirituality, crumbs and dry leaves, which can answer the problems of modern times. The spirituality of humility brings humans to become friends of Jesus. The author uses descriptive and bibliographic analysis methods. The author conducted a theological study of the meaning of spiritual humility from Eko Armada Riyanto's book "The Spirituality of Crumbs and Dry Leaves". The book used will show problems, which can be answered through the principles of spirituality based on humility. The results of this study are the basis for the implementation of Christian spirituality today. The author hopes to help, increase insight into the spiritual life of Christian life. Spirituality of humility brings people closer to God in whom they believe, spirituality makes people moved by love and affection in their lives. Spirituality brings humans to a deep awareness, especially humility, that comes from God. Becoming humble requires a very long process, so openness to God's love makes humans friends to all and willing to be shaped by God.

Based on the results of this study, researchers found many factors and habits of students in the field, students feel burdened in completing assignments as a responsibility, students view the task as a heavy burden in doing the task as the responsibility of a student. Whereas students who have an academic attitude should, the more tasks, the more students work hard to add insight into doing tasks as the responsibility of an academic student. As for this research method, the researcher uses a qualitative research method with a library research approach. As for the findings of this study, researchers found that many students of the Ecumenical Theological College of Jakarta delayed in completing assignments as a responsibility that must be done optimally. After conducting research, researchers found many factors that hinder students in completing assignments, namely: playing games, playing social media, piling up tasks, difficulty finding references, easy sleepiness, no one motivates and hanging out with friends discussing something that is not important, so that the time to do the task is limited. The strategies that researchers can list to improve the stability and quality of motivation in completing assignments as the responsibility of students of the Ecumenical Theological College Jakarta include: Students make a priori scale.

This paper discusses one of the theological streams within Islam, namely Maturidiyyah, which is divided into Maturidiyyah Samarkand and Maturidiyyah Bukhara. As a reaction to Mu'tazilah, Maturidiyyah, like Asy'ariyyah, is a sect of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah. This study delineates how the theological thought of al-Maturidi emerged, the background factors, developments after the death of al-Maturidi, the Maturidiyyah thought methodology, and the portrayal of modern Maturidiyyah thought. A qualitative descriptive method is employed with a literature review approach to the Maturidiyyah theological and kalam thought. Rooted in Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, this stream uses rational and verbal evidence to counter Mu'tazilah, Jahmiyyah, and other streams. The evolution of Maturidiyyah is divided into stages of establishment, formation, organization and the foundation of beliefs, as well as expansion and dissemination. Maturidiyyah thought encompasses the obligation to know God, acknowledgment of good and evil, the wisdom and purpose of God's actions, the attributes of Allah, seeing Allah on Judgment Day, and views on major sinners. Modern Maturidiyyah thought emphasizes individual freedom in interpreting and practicing Islamic teachings, active engagement in interfaith dialogue, and maintaining a balance between reason and revelation to uphold the relevance of Islam in the modern era.

Many people think that prayer is a ritual carried out to ask the creator or someone they believe in. But many people also believe that prayer is not just about asking those they trust, but also that in prayer there is a form or form of giving thanks to those they trust. The writing method used is a qualitative approach. The author uses valid data sources from various books, journals, Bible Works, and the Bible. The purpose of this writing is for believers to understand prayer and live prayer in their daily lives correctly. What the author will discuss in this scientific work is how the theological study of prayer in Matthew 7:7, then how prayer is in the Greek world then how prayer is in the Old Testament, then what prayer is like in the Synagogue, then what prayer is like in the New Testament and what are the implications of true prayer in everyday life. Prayer is the breath of life for believers which must continue to be done by working and praying.

This article focuses on the concept of authentic faith in the Christian context, discusses suffering, and explores how faith influences the way an individual confronts life's challenges. Genuine Christian faith is portrayed as a belief that goes beyond the intellectual realm and is reflected in a person's daily actions. The Letter of James emphasizes the importance of facing suffering with joy and how it tests one's faith and endurance. Suffering is described as a test that can examine and strengthen a person's faith. It is seen as a consequence of humanity's fall into sin but is also considered a part of God's salvation plan. Through suffering, God's compassion for humanity is revealed, and suffering becomes an essential element in spiritual growth and maturity. Strong faith, endurance, and patience help transform suffering into happiness. Furthermore, the article delves into the theological perspectives and historical context of the Letter of James, as well as James' efforts to correct misconceptions about the nature of faith that saves a person. Overall, the article provides deep insights into the concept of genuine faith and how faith can impact the way individuals confront challenges and attain true happiness in Christ.

The theological perspective on eschatology in the Book of Revelation includes various views and interpretations that have been submitted by the theologian, preacher, and religious scholars. The Book of Revelation, also known as the Book of Revelation to John, is one of the books in the New Testament in the Christian Bible. It focuses on the vision of the Prophet John who talks about the future and the end of time. Over time, the interpretation differs to the phenomenon of eschatology has sprung up. Although the Bible provides an idea of what will happen at the end of time, the more difficult to interpret how these events will occur in the modern world that continues to grow. Christian understanding of the end of time has developed and changed over time and in different cultural contexts. Therefore, this article will discuss what is the end of time (eschatology). How did the book Revelation talk about eschatology? What is the final picture of the time in the book of Revelation?

The study is intended to identify the use of figures of speech (majas), describing the words of heri isnaini's "love maqomat" poem. The source of data on this study is one of the poems of the heri isnaini poem called "light meditation," published in July 2017. This type of research involves qualitative methods. The theory used is that of sticism with the approach of sticism. The poem "maqomat of love" is analysed and discussed in a theological way to learn the implied meaning of the language heri isnaini through the application of style (majas), thus revealing the meaning of the poem "maqomat of love" clearly by the writer. This study of heri isnaini's maqomat love poem mentions that the language (majas) used is a form of retraction. The "reiteration" is a "pararism"; it is the "prescriptive" that describes something by repeating a word or a few words over and over again. A type of pararism applied to the poem "maqomat love" is anafora magician.

The study is intended to identify the use of figures of speech (majas), describing the words of heri isnaini's "love maqomat" poem. The source of data on this study is one of the poems of the heri isnaini poem called "light meditation," published in July 2017. This type of research involves qualitative methods. The theory used is that of sticism with the approach of sticism. The poem "maqomat of love" is analysed and discussed in a theological way to learn the implied meaning of the language heri isnaini through the application of style (majas), thus revealing the meaning of the poem "maqomat of love" clearly by the writer. This study of heri isnaini's maqomat love poem mentions that the language (majas) used is a form of retraction. The "reiteration" is a "pararism"; it is the "prescriptive" that describes something by repeating a word or a few words over and over again. A type of pararism applied to the poem "maqomat love" is anafora magician.

The focus of this paper is the theme of the Mission of Moses to Free the Israelites from Egyptian Slavery Exodus 6:1-12. The salvation of the Israelites is inseparable from the struggle of Moses who was blessed by God. But with God's word to Moses all problems were resolved with an outstretched hand. The purpose of this paper is to discover the location of God's role for the Israelites who were enslaved by Egypt at that time. The methodology used is the exegesis methodology. There are 6 analyzes used, namely analysis of Story, Structure, Syntax, Semantics, Context, and Theological Reflection. The six analyzes have been done on separate sheets and are summarized in this article. The findings obtained from this writing include: First, God's inclusion in Moses, who struggled with a lack of self-confidence. Second, God's inclusion appeared in Moses when Moses freed the Israelites from Egyptian slavery. Third, God always accompanies those who rely on God in their work. Thus Christians are invited to always rely on God in their life journey.  

The interpretation of 1 John 5:16, 17, which distinguishes between sin leading to death and sin not leading to death, remains a topic of debate among Bible scholars. Diverse viewpoints arise from theological interpretations and biblical studies. Further dialogue is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of this verse. Employing exegetical methods, the author endeavors to elucidate the concept of mortal sin and non-lethal sin. The research centers on scrutinizing sin in 1 John, particularly in verses 2:1 and 3:8, and comparing it with the context of verses 5:16, 17. It considers factors such as faith in Jesus as the Mediator and situations involving conscious sin or continuous transgression against God's law, both of which lead to death. A sin that doesn't lead to death pertains to a believer who, during their life's journey, may sin but subsequently confesses to God. In such cases, God forgives, preventing eternal death.    

The interpretation of 1 John 5:16, 17, which distinguishes between sin leading to death and sin not leading to death, remains a topic of debate among Bible scholars. Diverse viewpoints arise from theological interpretations and biblical studies. Further dialogue is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of this verse. Employing exegetical methods, the author endeavors to elucidate the concept of mortal sin and non-lethal sin. The research centers on scrutinizing sin in 1 John, particularly in verses 2:1 and 3:8, and comparing it with the context of verses 5:16, 17. It considers factors such as faith in Jesus as the Mediator and situations involving conscious sin or continuous transgression against God's law, both of which lead to death. A sin that doesn't lead to death pertains to a believer who, during their life's journey, may sin but subsequently confesses to God. In such cases, God forgives, preventing eternal death.    

Marking the number 666 on the forehead and hands of every person on earth (Revelation 13:16-18) is a form of forcing the entire population of the world to commit to the Dajjal. Apart from that, it is used as a guarantee of survival (can be traded) in the capitalist system created by Dajjal. Therefore, the number 666 is associated with the worship of the Dajjal and the practice of the global economic capitalism system. Because accepting the number 666 means worshiping and committing to the Antichrist, if Christians do this it means apostasy. The same thing also happens to us, namely on the forehead and our right hand bears the sign of Christ, symbolizing that our thoughts (forehead) are filled with the words of Christ and our deeds (right hand) produce good fruits that come from Christ by Christ and for Christ, or theologically, from God the Father, by God the Son and in the power of the Holy Spirit to glorify the Most Holy Trinity.  

The aim of this research is to find out the meaning of respect for ancestors contained in the mangongkal holi ritual of the Christian Batak community. The research method used is qualitative research with a socio-theological approach. The current understanding of the Christian Batak community regarding the mangongkal holi ritual is very different, especially after the arrival of Christianity to Batak land, some think that this ritual contains animism or something else and there are also those who think that this ritual is contrary to Christianity. This ritual cannot be said to be in conflict with Christianity, but on condition that in the ritual there is no hasipelebeguon or things related to ancestor worship because in essence, as a Christian Batak society, they must be able to balance ritual and religion. This research explains what the meaning and purpose of the mangongkal holi ritual is for the Batak people, how the ritual and things related to mangongkal holi are carried out and their relationship with Christianity, and this research also explains how ancestors are respected biblically and also in Toba Batak ways. The result of this research is to examine socio-theologically the mangongkal Holi ritual by taking the example of moving Joseph's bones, which is about how respect for ancestors is depicted.  

The aim of this research is to find out the meaning of respect for ancestors contained in the mangongkal holi ritual of the Christian Batak community. The research method used is qualitative research with a socio-theological approach. The current understanding of the Christian Batak community regarding the mangongkal holi ritual is very different, especially after the arrival of Christianity to Batak land, some think that this ritual contains animism or something else and there are also those who think that this ritual is contrary to Christianity. This ritual cannot be said to be in conflict with Christianity, but on condition that in the ritual there is no hasipelebeguon or things related to ancestor worship because in essence, as a Christian Batak society, they must be able to balance ritual and religion. This research explains what the meaning and purpose of the mangongkal holi ritual is for the Batak people, how the ritual and things related to mangongkal holi are carried out and their relationship with Christianity, and this research also explains how ancestors are respected biblically and also in Toba Batak ways. The result of this research is to examine socio-theologically the mangongkal Holi ritual by taking the example of moving Joseph's bones, which is about how respect for ancestors is depicted.