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This study aims to analyze the risks and benefits of joint liability financing schemes for groups of companies through a qualitative literature review approach. This financing scheme offers solutions for companies facing capital constraints by enhancing access to credit through collective responsibility. The results of the review indicate that this scheme provides benefits such as increased financing opportunities, mitigation of default risks, and peer monitoring among group members. However, it also presents risks such as overinvestment and moral hazard, where company members may tend to make larger investments or neglect their obligations due to the protection of joint liability. Additionally, the effectiveness of the scheme heavily relies on the group structure, with smaller and more homogeneous groups having lower risks compared to larger and more heterogeneous ones. This study concludes that joint liability financing schemes can be an effective solution if these risks are well-managed through stringent oversight and fair financing policies.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of developments in the implementation of Trias Politica principles in the performance of high state institutions in Indonesia. Trias Politica, which refers to the separation of powers into executive, legislative and judiciary, is an important foundation in a democratic government system. Through a qualitative approach, this research evaluates how the division of power has transformed since the implementation of political reform in Indonesia, as well as its impact on the performance of state institutions in carrying out their duties and functions. The research results show that although there have been significant developments in the implementation of Trias Politica, several challenges such as overlapping authority, lack of synergy between institutions, and political influence remain obstacles. However, the application of the principle of separation of powers has generally increased accountability, transparency and efficiency in the performance of high state institutions. This research recommends strengthening coordination between institutions and more stringent legal reforms to improve the performance of state institutions as a whole.

This research analyzes the administrative sanctions given by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) to PT Maseri Aset Manajemen for governance violations, such as the absence of a physical office, business inactivity, not having professional employees, and not complying with OJK regulations. This research uses normative legal methods and a descriptive approach. The findings in this study show the importance of implementing Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and compliance with regulations. The research recommends increased stringent regulations and increased company compliance with OJK regulations

The creative industry in Indonesia has grown rapidly in recent years, resulting in increasingly intense trade competition and various innovations in product marketing. This research focuses on the handicraft industry, especially in the manufacture of accessories such as bracelets, necklaces, and rings. Although the meronce looks simple, the biggest challenge is to create a unique design and ensure the strength of the connecting rope so that it doesn't break easily. Meronce accessories is an activity or process of stringing various elements into an attractive and functional whole, such as bracelets, necklaces, and rings. Usually, meronce is done by using elastic straps as a connecting medium and beads as decorations. While it looks easy and everyone can do it, not everyone has the same design idea when it comes to accessories. In addition, the challenge in meronce is the process of swallowing. We must be able to ensure that when accessories are used, the strap does not come off easily. These beaded accessories can also be a fashion support worn by someone.

Physics is a part of natural science that has the properties of processes, products and values. Most of the concepts of physics are formulas, but they can be tested through experiments. Along with technological developments in experiments often used technology-based aids, for example the use of PhET (Physics Education Technology) applications to determine gravitational acceleration through simple swivel arrangements. The simple rotation experiment was performed by giving variations in rope lengths of 50 cm, 60 cm, 70 cm, 80 cm, 90 cm, and 100 cm for each of the different bulk masses of 0.5 kg and 1 kg. The study aims to determine the value of gravitational acceleration in simple rotations using PhET applications. (Physics Education Technology). Research data is displayed in tables and graphs. The data analysis uses a linear regression equation between the length of the string (L) and the square of the period (T2). Large gravitational acceleration is obtained through the gradient of the linear equation of the longness of the rope (L). The magnitude of gravitational acceleration obtained for a 0.5 kg body mass was 9.50 m/s2, for a 1 kg body weight was 9.67 m /s2, and the average perception of gravity was 9.58 m / s2.

This article explores the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a tool for enhancing efficiency in public communication within the BANI era (Brittle, Anxious, Nonlinear, Incomprehensible). The aim of this research is to investigate how AI can improve the effectiveness of public communication amidst uncertainty and complexity. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review, analyzing data from relevant journal articles, books, and case studies. The study finds that AI plays a crucial role in addressing system fragility through misinformation detection, reducing public anxiety by providing personalized and responsive information, and managing uncertainty and complexity through predictive analysis and data simplification. The results indicate that AI can enhance the efficiency and clarity of public communication but must be complemented by stringent regulations and ethical considerations to ensure responsible use. With the right approach, AI can be an effective tool in improving public communication in this challenging era.

The Implementation of Smoke-Free Areas (KTR) is an important effort in tobacco control to protect the public from the dangers of smoking. This research aims to analyze the comparative implementation of KTR regulations between Indonesia and Singapore using Lawrence M. Friedman's legal system approach, which includes components of legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. The research method employed is normative juridical with a comparative legal approach, using secondary data collected through literature study and analyzed qualitatively. The research results show that in terms of legal substance, KTR regulations in Singapore are more comprehensive and stringent with heavy sanctions, while in Indonesia they remain partial with relatively light sanctions. In the legal structure aspect, Singapore has a more effective system of supervision and law enforcement with technological support and adequate human resources, whereas Indonesia still faces coordination challenges between institutions and limited supervisory personnel. From the legal culture perspective, the level of awareness and compliance of Singaporean society towards KTR regulations is higher compared to Indonesia, which is still influenced by a permissive culture towards smoking behavior.    

This research aims to: Provide assistance to the children of the Rumah Yoel Community to build entrepreneurial skills using the main materials of beads and string which are cheap and easy to obtain. Building children's mindset to become independent, creative and highly competitive individuals in society. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The research subjects were the children of the Rumah Yoel Community. The training participants were 16 children in the Rumah Yoel Community. The meeting took place over three meetings with stages, 1) observation and interviews with the Rumah Yoel Community administrators, 2) observation and interviews with the children with the assistance of Rumah Yoel Community teachers, 3) skills training for the Rumah Yoel Community children. Training is evaluated using the results of service video comments, pretest and posttest. Results of the service: 1) researchers were able to train children's skills in making crafts through creativity using the main materials of beads and rope so that children were able to make key chains, bracelets, headbands and rings. Second; 2) researchers invite children to use packaging for their work so that it has economic value. 3) Researchers are able to invite children to take part in activities according to the procedures directed in making works using practical methods. 4) researchers provide skills for the children of the Rumah Yoel community because by training them to be creative with beads it can motivate them to become entrepreneurs from an early age to help their parents.

This study provides a comparative analysis of the regulatory frameworks governing Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) services across ten ASEAN countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Laos, Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Myanmar, and Cambodia. As BNPL services rapidly expand throughout the region, understanding the diverse regulatory landscapes and their implications becomes increasingly critical for fostering financial stability, consumer protection, and innovation in the digital financial ecosystem.  Utilizing a literature review methodology, the research examines existing regulations, legal frameworks, and market trends, assessing their impact on financial stability, consumer protection, and fintech innovation.  Singapore is identified as the leader in regulatory practices, effectively balancing fintech innovation with stringent consumer protection. Indonesia and Malaysia emphasize financial inclusion and systemic risk management, with Indonesia's framework focusing on transparency and financial literacy. Thailand and the Philippines are refining their frameworks, while Myanmar, Laos, Brunei, Vietnam and Cambodia are still developing their regulatory approaches. BNPL services, driven by growing e-commerce and fintech ecosystems, offer significant opportunities for financial inclusion but also pose challenges related to over-indebtedness, credit risk, and data protection. The analysis emphasizes that while BNPL presents significant opportunities for financial inclusion and fintech innovation, effective regulation is critical to ensuring sustainable growth and protecting consumers from debt traps and financial instability.

This study explores the pharmaceutical supply chain management of the National Formulary at RSUP Dr. Sitanala in Tangerang City, aiming to identify obstacles to drug availability and formulate effective and efficient solutions. Acknowledging quality healthcare as a fundamental human right and a critical investment for a nation's future, this research emphasizes the importance of high-quality healthcare services. These services encompass not only treatment but also health promotion and disease prevention through the adoption of clean and healthy living habits. Drug availability is a major pillar in the provision of quality healthcare services. Effective and efficient management of the pharmaceutical supply chain, particularly regarding National Formulary drugs, is crucial in ensuring the availability of medications at healthcare facilities. This research employs a comprehensive analysis of the supply chain processes at RSUP Dr. Sitanala, examining stages such as drug selection, demand planning, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, drug control, therapy monitoring, prescription preparation, drug dispensation, and medication administration. The study's methodology involves a case study approach, integrating theoretical management principles and interdisciplinary pharmacy management with compliance to regulations, as outlined in Permenkes No. 76 of 2016. Findings from RSUP Dr. Sitanala indicate that the hospital's pharmaceutical management practices align with contemporary health and pharmacy management theories, emphasizing structured systems, stringent verification, and effective interprofessional communication to ensure medication safety and efficacy. The study identifies challenges in information technology and interdisciplinary coordination as areas needing improvement. Nonetheless, a commitment to continuous improvement and adherence to regulatory standards reflects RSUP Dr. Sitanala's dedication to enhancing the quality of pharmaceutical management and healthcare services. The implications of this research extend beyond RSUP Dr. Sitanala, offering valuable recommendations for improving drug supply chain management in other healthcare institutions in Indonesia. By enhancing access to and the quality of healthcare services, this study contributes to the broader goal of achieving the highest possible level of health for individuals, reflecting the perspective of human rights and investment in the nation's future health.    

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of existing law enforcement related to environmental pollution in the Taluduyunu River. The method used in the study is normative and then analyzed in a descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the basis of law enforcement evaluation of the Taluduyunu River due to pollution of mining waste (Case Study Buntulia District, Pohuwato Regency). The results of this study revealed that law enforcement against river pollution due to mining waste is still not effective. Despite clear regulations regarding waste disposal, many mining companies have not fully complied with these regulations. Increased coordination between government agencies, the application of more stringent sanctions, as well as environmental awareness on the part of the industry are needed to thoroughly address this issue. To improve the effectiveness of law enforcement, there is a need for stricter policy reforms, increased capacity of law enforcement institutions, and closer collaboration between government, industry, and civil society in an effort to maintain environmental sustainability and public health affected by mining waste pollution.

This paper explores sustainable tourism practices in Southeast Asia, focusing on the interplay between economic growth and environmental conservation. The study employs a case study approach to assess the effectiveness of eco-tourism initiatives in Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Findings indicate that community-based tourism and stringent environmental regulations are key to achieving sustainability. Policy implications for governments and industry stakeholders are discussed.

This paper explores sustainable tourism practices in Southeast Asia, focusing on the interplay between economic growth and environmental conservation. The study employs a case study approach to assess the effectiveness of eco-tourism initiatives in Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Findings indicate that community-based tourism and stringent environmental regulations are key to achieving sustainability. Policy implications for government and industry stakeholders are discussed.

This article discusses the influence of advertising ethics in marketing communication on consumer perception using a qualitative descriptive approach. The main objective of this study is to explore how ethical practices in advertising affect consumers' perceptions of brands and advertised products. The research methodology involves qualitative analysis of relevant literature and case studies of controversial advertising campaigns. Findings from this research indicate that advertising ethics play a crucial role in shaping consumer perceptions of a brand, influencing consumer loyalty, and long-term brand reputation. The practical implication of this article underscores the necessity of implementing stringent ethical standards in every aspect of marketing communication to foster positive relationships between brands and consumers.

The creative industry in Indonesia has experienced rapid growth in recent years, causing increasingly tight trade competition and various innovations in product marketing. This research focuses on the handicraft industry, especially accessories such as bracelets, necklaces and rings. Even though stringing looks easy, the biggest challenge is creating a unique design and ensuring the strength of the connecting rope so that it doesn't come loose easily. As technology develops, handicraft producers are now utilizing digital marketing to expand their market reach. Digital marketing, which involves the use of social media for promotion, has become a key strategy in the industry. This research specifically highlights the use of the social media platform TikTok as a digital marketing tool. TikTok, which is popular among teenagers and young adults, provides e-commerce features such as TikTok Shop and live shop, which allow manufacturers to sell their products directly through the app. Through this research, we explore the effectiveness of TikTok as a digital marketing medium for handicraft producers, as well as how this platform can support the growth of the creative industry in Indonesia.

The process of making traditional musical instruments Rabab Pasisia in South Pesisir Regency. This study aims to describe the process of making Rabab Pasisia musical instruments. The approach used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. This research was conducted with data collection techniques used are observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques are carried out by reducing, presenting data and verifying this data aims to find out the structure, process, manufacturing techniques, playing techniques, from Rabab Pasisia. This musical instrument is made of jariang wood and has different tones, and uses several types of wood. The results of this study show that the parts and stages of the process of making traditional Rabab Pasisia musical instruments include: wooden mangkapatiah for Rabab bodies, sketching rabab patterns, making rabab tongues, installing rabab friction nylon, making rabab kudo-kudo, and how to produce sounds, tuning systems on traditional Rabab Pasisia musical instruments. The instruments used in the process of making traditional musical instruments Gandang Tambua include: Lantiak Knife (containing rabab tongue), Kapatiah (forming rabab body), Cutting Saw, Hammer (Stick), Measuring instrument (meter), Pencil, Sandpaper, Scissors. The ingredients are; Jariang Wood (45Cm Long, 30Cm Wide, and 4Cm Thick), Montiah Wood (Meranti), Sicerek Wood, Shell, Rope, Nails and, Wood glue. The process of making Rabab Pasisia musical instruments includes several stages, namely: 1) The process of making the body (jariang wood), until the finishing of fine and rough sanding, 2) The process of installing nylon on the rabab frictioner, 3) The process of installing squirrels, kudo-kudo, talingo and rabab strings for tuning the tone.

This research examines the technique of playing hasapi to accompany the song Buku Ende No. 585.Somba Ma Jahowa Debata. Through a literature study approach and direct observation, this thesis presents various basic and advanced techniques used by hasapi players. First, this thesis describes how to hold and pluck hasapi strings, as well as basic techniques for producing clear and resonant sound. Next, it discusses the use of melodic and rhythmic variations in playing hasapi, including ornamentation and improvisation techniques which are generally used in traditional Batak music performances. This research also outlines the important role of learning and knowledge in the hasapi playing community. The results of this research show that a deep understanding of hasapi playing techniques requires consistent practice and a deep understanding of the cultural context. Apart from that, this thesis concludes that the development of hasapi playing techniques not only enriches Batak cultural heritage, but is for the glory of God.    

This research aims to explore the challenges and opportunities of implementing Good Corporate Governance (GCG) in Dapur Bestie, a culinary business, from the stakeholders' perspective. Through a combination of surveys, interviews, and document analysis, we gained insights into the factors influencing the company's GCG practices. The findings indicate that Dapur Bestie faces challenges such as stringent regulations, resource constraints, supply chain complexity, and resistance to change. However, there are significant opportunities to strengthen GCG practices, including enhancing brand reputation, operational efficiency, and stakeholder engagement. The integrity of GCG practices within the organizational culture is identified as key to long-term success. This research suggests strategic steps that Dapur Bestie can take to reinforce their GCG practices, considering the company's vision and the expectations of all involved parties. It is hoped that sustained efforts to improve GCG will yield long-term benefits for the company and society at large.

Waste management in the maritime industry is a crucial aspect in maintaining environmental and operational sustainability of the industry. In this context, a literature review becomes essential to understand best practices, challenges, and potential solutions in waste management in the maritime industry. This research aims to present a comprehensive literature review on waste management in the maritime industry, focusing on management practices and future challenges. The literature review includes mapping of theoretical concepts, explanation of effective management practices, and analysis of relevant waste treatment technologies. Findings from this literature review provide an in-depth understanding of the complexity of waste management in the maritime industry, the crucial role of management in addressing these challenges, and the urgency in facing increasingly stringent environmental regulations. The implications of this literature review include emphasis on the importance of developing environmentally friendly technologies, collaboration between governments and industries, and awareness of the interconnection between waste management and sustainability goals. This research is expected to provide valuable guidance for the maritime industry in enhancing their waste management practices, thus creating a more sustainable future for the industry and the environment as a whole.

Algoritma Greedy dan algoritma pencocokan string (string matching) adalah dua pendekatan penting dalam komputasi yang memiliki aplikasi luas dalam pemrosesan teks dan optimasi. Dalam penelitian ini, kami menjelaskan konsep, sejarah, dan penerapan kedua algoritma tersebut. Algoritma Greedy memilih solusi terbaik pada setiap langkah dengan harapan mencapai solusi global yang optimal, sedangkan algoritma pencocokan string digunakan untuk mencari kemunculan suatu pola dalam teks dengan efisien. Kami mengevaluasi implementasi algoritma Greedy dalam penukaran uang di Alfamart dan algoritma pencocokan string untuk pencarian cabang Alfamart di berbagai kota di Indonesia. Metode penelitian dievaluasi berdasarkan kelengkapan, optimalitas, dan kompleksitas waktu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa implementasi algoritma Greedy efisien dalam mengelola proses penukaran uang dengan waktu eksekusi yang stabil. Sementara itu, algoritma pencocokan string menawarkan kemampuan untuk mencari cabang Alfamart dengan cepat dan efisien meskipun menunjukkan variasi dalam kinerjanya. Kesimpulannya, kedua algoritma ini memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan kenyamanan pengguna dalam hal penukaran uang dan pencarian cabang minimarket. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam memahami dan menerapkan algoritma Greedy dan pencocokan string dalam kasus nyata, dengan implikasi untuk pengembangan solusi yang lebih efisien dan optimal di masa depan.