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Infant deaths generally occur in the early neonatal period due to hypothermia. The incidence of hypothermia in newborns is quite high, globally ranging from 8.5-52%, an estimated 17 million newborns experience hypothermia in developing countries. The incidence of hypothermia in newborn babies is 92.3%, the infant mortality rate due to hypothermia is 6.3%. One intervention to minimize the incidence of hypothermia in newborn babies is to initiate early breastfeeding. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of early initiation of breastfeeding on hypothermia in newborn babies at the Bakti Timah Karimun Hospital. The research method used a pre-experiment with a one group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with 14 respondents. The measuring instruments in this study were a digital axillary thermometer, standard operating procedures (SOP) for early breastfeeding initiation and observation sheets. Data analysis using paired sample t-test. The results of the paired sample t-test found a p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05), so it can be concluded that there is an influence of early initiation of breastfeeding on hypothermia in newborn babies in the Midwifery Room at Bakti Timah Karimun Hospital. Early initiation of breastfeeding can be used as an intervention for newborns to minimize the incidence of hypothermia

Production quality in the printing industry is highly influenced by process consistency and the implementation of clear operational standards. A common issue faced by small and medium-scale printing industries, including those in Gedangan, Sidoarjo, is the absence of systematically developed Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), which leads to inconsistent production results and low operational efficiency. This Community Service Program (PKM) aims to provide assistance in the development and implementation of SOPs to improve production quality. The method employed is a participatory approach involving problem identification, SOP development, socialization and training, implementation, and evaluation stages. The results indicate a 25% increase in workers' understanding based on pre-test and post-test results. Additionally, there was a reduction in production errors and improvements in the consistency of print quality and work efficiency. Therefore, the implementation of SOPs has proven effective in enhancing production quality and operational performance in the printing industry sustainably.

The purpose of this research was to find out the analysis of the application of standard operating procedures (SOP) for food processing at the Aria Centra Hotel Surabaya which has a very important role in an industry, one of which is the hospitality industry as a guide or reference for staff to work consistently and with standards. The data collection technique used (1) interviews to find out the application of food processing procedures and the implementation of these procedures: and (2) documentation to find out the analysis of the implementation of standard operating procedures (SOP) for banquet food processing at the Hot Kitchen Hotel Aria Centra Surabaya, an overview of the company and worker data. Data collection was carried out in July-December 2022. The results of this study were an analysis of the application of standard operating procedures (SOP) for banquet food processing at the Hot Kitchen Hotel Aria Centra Surabaya which included (1) standard operating procedures for handling banquets; (2) implementing a banquet menu; (3) material procurement system for banquet ordering needs; (4) standard operating procedures (SOP) for foodstuffs; (5) preparation of banquet materials and tools; (6) strategies to minimize errors in standard operating procedures (SOP) for handling banquets; (7) constraints and solutions in banquet handling. Based on these results it can be concluded that the analysis of standard operating procedures (SOP) for banquet food processing at the Hot Kitchen Hotel Aria centra Surabaya required various stages in handling it.

PT Bank Aceh Syariah Kutacane Branch. Companies engaged in finance, in the form of capital, namely the provision of savings and loan capital. The number of employees is 22. In this study, the background to the problem is that the recruitment carried out by PT Bank Aceh Syariah has not fully paid attention to needs, so it is difficult to get professional employees which results in low employee performance. This research is descriptive qualitative, data collection method with field research using methods, direct observation and interviews on research objects to obtain an overview of research subjects. The recruitment system run by the company is not fully appropriate, in accordance with the company's goals, where there are still a number of employees who have educational backgrounds and concentrations, who have not been able to demonstrate and contribute to the company. 11 of 2002, regarding the withdrawal system (recruitment) which must use the media as a medium of information. From these conclusions it can be suggested that the recruitment system for the future must be in accordance with the objectives in accordance with standard operating procedures (SOP) so that it is easy to evaluate and measure employee performance. To see the effectiveness of the company's achievements.

This research is motivated by the still not maximal local revenue in the city of Banjar. This is indicated by the low quality of human resources, lack of socialization, low innovation, weak level of supervision and low stakeholder support from various parties in collaborating. Research is focused on studies using the theoretical approach of Emerson, Nabatchi & Balogh (2011), namely the Collaborative Governance Regime (CGR) model through 1). System context dimension 2). Drivers dimensions include (leadership, incentive consequences and interdependence), and 3). The dynamics of collaboration (Principled Engagement, shared motivation, and capacity for joint action). With the aim of the research to examine and analyze the implementation and the constraints that have caused it to be ineffective, as well as an effective strategy for implementing collaborative governance in increasing Regional Original Income in the City of Banjar. The research method uses descriptive analysis with a qualitative research approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, literature studies and observation. The research results show: 1). The implementation of collaborative governance in increasing Local Own Revenue in the City of Banjar on the dynamics dimension of collaboration can be said to have not run optimally, more concrete efforts are still needed related to motivation, awareness, work systems and technical policy support while on the system context and drivers dimensions concerning the availability of resources resources, and budget constraints as well as the level of supervision has been carried out optimally. 2). Obstacle factors in the implementation of collaborative governance in increasing Local Revenue in the City of Banjar, namely the low level of communication and coordination; lack of human resources and budget, lack of technical regulatory support regarding the involvement of stakeholders (private parties and community leaders); as well as the low support and commitment of policy makers from members of the legislature, regional tax-producing apparatus organizations, and stakeholders (private parties and community leaders). 3). Collaborative governance strategies in increasing effective Regional Original Revenue (PAD) in Banjar City are aggressive growth strategies by maintaining the previous strategy and optimizing the strengthening of the second availability of human resources, budget and infrastructure; maximizing the clarity of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), regarding tax collection, support from the private sector and other OPDs, as well as optimizing the involvement of cross-sectoral collaboration (government, private parties and community leaders) through Collaborative Governance in the City of Banjar.

PT Romi Violeta Sidoarjo is one of the furniture companies in Indonesia, specializing in rattan and wood products, offering them to the global market. Quality is also a key factor for the company, as good quality is considered an achievement. In the production process, there are inevitably product errors that do not meet specifications or defects, one of which occurs during the finishing process, where there are 8 types of defects. In the data of the quality control department for finishing in the year 2022, there were 246 instances of defects out of a total production of 10,921. This can hinder further production processes, and the company will incur losses due to costs and expenses for repairing defective products. The research is conducted with the aim of determining the level of product quality control, the causes of product defects, and preventive actions or improvement proposals to reduce the defect rate. The method used in this research is Statistical Process Control (SPC), which aims to minimize the defect rate. From the calculations and analysis of the Statistical Process Control (SPC) results for the eight types of defects, the dominant defect type is color variation, which accounts for 67 instances with a percentage of 27.2%. Furthermore, on the control chart calculations, findings were made for the data samples in January, June, August, and September. The cause-and-effect diagram revealed factors such as human, machine, raw materials, methods, and the environment that can contribute to defects. However, the largest cause is human error, as almost 90% of the finishing work is done by humans, often without following the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) set by the company.

SOPs can be defined as documents that describe operational activities carried out daily, with the aim that the work is carried out correctly, precisely, and consistently, to produce products according to predetermined standards” (Tathagati, 2014). The existence of SOP will help the company to achieve company goals. To achieve company goals, the company provides a design in the form of an SOP that will guide employees in carrying out their duties and minimize errors in carrying out the responsibilities of each employee. This study aims to determine the application of standard operating procedures (SOP) in the Inventory Department at PT RIMEX International Indonesia Balikpapan. This type of research is qualitative concerning the 7 main points in the SOP which include efficiency, consistency, minimizing errors, problem-solving, and defense boundaries. There are 3 research informants: One supervisor, one Quality Control, and 1 Warehouseman. Data collection techniques through interviews. The results of the analysis show that Inventory Department employees have implemented the SOP made by the company. The problem found is that there are differences in goods between the recording of goods in the company's recording system and the physical goods between the recording of goods in the company's recording system and the physical goods in the warehouse, such as how many items are left, abandoned and how many items are left in the warehouse.

Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) is a Land Registration activity for the first time which is carried out simultaneously for all Land Registration objects throughout the territory of the Republic of Indonesia in one village/kelurahan area. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program in Sukorejo, Tunjungan District and to find out the factors that became obstacles in the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program. The method in this research is a juridical method. The normative juridical method is based on the main legal materials to conduct research on relevant theories, concepts, legal principles and laws and regulations. The specification in this research is descriptive analysis. Sources of data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The results of this study The implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program has been going well in terms of standards and targets. PTSL officers have followed the instructions in accordance with Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and have been understood by the parties involved in the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program in Tunjungan District, Blora Regency. Factors that become obstacles in the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program at the Blora District Land Office are internal factors.

This study aims to determine the effect of foot massage and soaking in warm water mixed with salt on reducing leg edema in third-trimester pregnant women. This type of research is Experimental design with the group Pre-Test and Post-test design approach model. The population in this study were all third-trimester pregnant women who experienced physiological leg edema at the Bangetayu Health Center, Genuk sub-district, Semarang City, totaling 32 people from June to July 2022. The sampling technique used a total sampling of 32 people. The data collection tools in this study were Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for Foot Massage and Warm Water Soak mixed with salt, Observation Sheets, Questionnaires, and Metlin in Millimeter units. The results of the study obtained a Z value of 5.045 which means that every one time intervention of foot massage and soaking in warm water mixed with salt, which is given one time a day for five days, third-trimester pregnant women have the potential to be 5.045 times to be able to reduce the degree of edema. The Wilcoxon test results obtained a significance of ≤ 0.05, and it was found that there was an effect of foot massage and soaking in warm water mixed with salt on the reduction of leg edema in third-trimester pregnant women at the Bangetayu Health Center, Genuk District, Semarang City.   Keywords: Foot edema, Foot massage, Soak using warm water mixed with salt

Management of labor pain is an attempt to reduce MMR. Labor pain must be treated in an effective way because if the pain is accompanied by a stress reaction, it will have harmful side effects for the mother and also the fetus. The midwife at the Ngesrep Health Center has never used birth balls as an intervention to treat inpartu mothers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using a birth ball on reducing labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study were all mothers with an estimated day of birth in July to August 2022 who will give birth at the Ngesrep Health Center Semarang. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and the number of samples was 31 people. Data collection tools used in this study include Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), Birth Ball Techniques, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Observation Sheets and birth balls with a diameter of 55 cm or 65 cm. Data analysis was carried out using the paired sample t test. The results of the study obtained a t value of 9.613 which means that every 1 time birth ball intervention with 4 movements for 30 minutes makes the primigravida have the potential to be 9.613 times to be able to reduce labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage. The p-value is 0.000 <0.05, so the hypothesis (H0) is rejected and (Ha) is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of using birth balls on reducing labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage of labor in primigravida at Ngesrep Health Center Semarang. For health services, it is expected that the use of birth balls can be used as an alternative to reduce labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage of primigravida.