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This reflective autoethnographic study explores the lived experience of being an only child caring for an elderly mother with Parkinson's disease while working as a full-time lecturer. The research aims to understand how this dual role affects the caregiver's mental health, work productivity, and relationship with the mother. Using a reflective autoethnographic approach based on Ellis, data were collected through three techniques: autobiographical narratives and memos, analysis of personal artifacts (work schedules, medical records, photographs), and an integrated self-interview. Thematic-reflective analysis revealed three main themes. First, structural loneliness describes the profound isolation resulting from having no sibling to share physical, emotional, and decisional responsibilities, which informal support cannot easily remedy. Second, stealth strategies at work refer to hidden tactics such as leaving early without disclosure, using breaks to check on the mother, and concealing caregiving struggles to avoid being perceived as less committed or losing professional opportunities. Third, fought for bonds shows that despite exhaustion and initial frustration, the caregiver’s relationship with her mother deepened through daily effort, patience, and reframing caregiving as meaningful devotion, a process aligned with filial maturity. The findings highlight the unique pressures faced by only-child working caregivers, including invisible productivity loss and the inadequacy of general social support. Practical implications for employers, social workers, and policymakers are discussed. This study contributes a rich first-person account to the underexplored area of only-child caregiving and offers recommendations for workplace cultural change, targeted support groups, and subsidized respite services.

The phenomenon of homeless individuals and beggars (gepeng) in Jambi City remains a significant and ongoing social issue, indicating that efforts to address poverty and urban social vulnerability have not yet been fully effective. Although the local government, through the Jambi City Social Affairs Office, has implemented a Social Rehabilitation Program aimed at restoring beneficiaries’ social functioning through outreach, social assessment, social guidance, skills training, and family reunification, the presence of gepeng in public spaces continues to fluctuate from 2022 to 2024. This study analyzes the effectiveness of the program’s implementation, particularly the social guidance component, using a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observation, and documentation review, and analyzed using George C. Edward III’s policy implementation theory, which emphasizes communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings show that the program has been carried out procedurally and humanely; however, its effectiveness remains limited due to insufficient numbers of social workers, weak and unsustained economic empowerment support, and inadequate post-rehabilitation monitoring. As a result, some beneficiaries return to the streets after completing the program. Therefore, strengthening inter-agency communication, increasing resource capacity, integrating sustainable economic empowerment initiatives, and improving consistent monitoring systems are essential steps to achieve long-term and more sustainable reductions in homelessness in Jambi.

This study aims to analyze the stages, impacts, and supporting and inhibiting factors of social intervention for child victims of sexual violence at the “Handayani” Center, East Jakarta. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach to obtain an in-depth understanding of the intervention process. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the “Handayani” Center applies the Generalist Intervention Model (GIM) through seven stages: engagement, assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation, termination, and follow-up. The social intervention has a positive impact on children, particularly in improving emotional stability, self-confidence, and social functioning. Furthermore, the intervention supports children’s readiness for social reintegration. Supporting factors include the professionalism of social workers and effective team collaboration, while inhibiting factors consist of high workload, delays in administrative reporting, and limited family support.  

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Protection and Rehabilitation Service Program for Juvenile Delinquents in Surabaya City, conducted by the Social Service of East Java Province. Juvenile delinquency remains a significant social problem requiring comprehensive intervention through protection and rehabilitation approaches rather than punitive measures. Drawing on George C. Edward III's policy implementation theory, this study examines four critical factors: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation at the Social Service of East Java Province during June-August 2025. Informants include program managers, social workers, psychologists, beneficiaries of the juvenile delinquency program, and their families. The results indicate that the program has successfully served 1,247 juvenile delinquents through integrated services, including psychological counseling, skills training, family therapy, and social reintegration support. The communication dimension shows effective coordination between provincial and city-level agencies, though information dissemination to communities needs improvement. Resource adequacy is generally sufficient with 35 certified social workers, adequate facilities, and an annual budget of Rp 3.2 billion. The disposition of implementers demonstrates a strong commitment to child-centered approaches. Clear SOPs and inter-agency collaboration protocols support the bureaucratic structure. The program achieves 72% successful rehabilitation rate with 68% of beneficiaries returning to formal education or productive activities. Challenges remain in stigma reduction, family involvement, and post-rehabilitation monitoring. This study recommends strengthening community-based prevention, expanding vocational training options, developing peer support networks, and establishing sustainable aftercare mechanisms.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the "Jalak Wadul Mas" (Jawa Timur Layanan Pengaduan Warga dan Dukungan Masyarakat/East Java Citizen Complaint Service and Community Support) innovation program in improving the welfare of people with social welfare problems (PMKS) in East Java Province. The Social Service of East Java Province developed this program as an integrated digital platform for complaint handling, social assistance distribution, and empowerment of vulnerable groups. Using the policy implementation theory from Edward III, this study examines four critical factors: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation at the Social Service of East Java Province during June-August 2025. Informants include program managers, field social workers, PMKS beneficiaries, and community stakeholders. The results indicate that the Jalak Wadul Mas program has successfully served 45,678 PMKS across 38 districts/cities in East Java, with a 78% complaint resolution rate and average response time of 3 working days. The program integrates multiple services, including emergency assistance, rehabilitation referrals, skills training, and economic empowerment. Key success factors include strong leadership commitment, adequate technology infrastructure, and collaborative networks with community organizations. Challenges remain in human resource capacity, internet connectivity in remote areas, and cross-sectoral coordination. This study recommends strengthening digital literacy training for beneficiaries, expanding mobile service units, developing real-time monitoring dashboards, and establishing sustainable funding mechanisms.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of social rehabilitation programs for persons with physical disabilities at the Social Affairs Office of Pasuruan City, East Java. Persons with physical disabilities face various challenges in accessing public services and participating in social life, thus requiring comprehensive rehabilitation programs. Using the implementation theory of George C. Edward III, this study examines four critical factors: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation study. Informants include officials from the Social Affairs Office, rehabilitation program staff, persons with physical disabilities as program beneficiaries, and community members. The results indicate that the implementation of social rehabilitation programs has been running according to established procedures, including physical rehabilitation services, vocational training, and social assistance provision. However, several obstacles were identified, including limited budget allocation, inadequate accessibility of rehabilitation facilities, shortage of trained social workers, and lack of public awareness regarding disability issues. The program has successfully provided assistive devices to 85 beneficiaries and vocational training to 60 persons with physical disabilities in 2023. This study recommends strengthening coordination between related agencies, increasing budget allocation, improving facility accessibility, and conducting socialization to enhance community participation in supporting persons with physical disabilities.  

This research aims to analyze the implementation of social rehabilitation programs for persons with physical disabilities at the Social Affairs Office of Pasuruan City, East Java. Persons with physical disabilities face various challenges in accessing public services and participating in social life, thus requiring comprehensive rehabilitation programs. Using the implementation theory of George C. Edward III, this study examines four critical factors: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation study. Informants include officials from the Social Affairs Office, rehabilitation program staff, persons with physical disabilities as program beneficiaries, and community members. The results indicate that the implementation of social rehabilitation programs has been running according to established procedures, including physical rehabilitation services, vocational training, and social assistance provision. However, several obstacles were identified, including limited budget allocation, inadequate accessibility of rehabilitation facilities, shortage of trained social workers, and lack of public awareness regarding disability issues. The program has successfully provided assistive devices to 85 beneficiaries and vocational training to 60 persons with physical disabilities in 2023. This study recommends strengthening coordination between related agencies, increasing budget allocation, improving facility accessibility, and conducting socialization to enhance community participation in supporting persons with physical disabilities.  

This study examines the implementation of social rehabilitation program policies for people with physical disabilities at the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) Social Rehabilitation Bina Laras Pasuruan under the East Java Provincial Social Service. Using George C. Edwards III's policy implementation model, this research analyses four key variables: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This qualitative descriptive study employed interviews, observation, and documentation as data collection techniques. The findings reveal that the implementation has been running reasonably well, with clear communication channels established between program implementers and beneficiaries. However, several challenges persist, including limited human resources, particularly professional social workers and medical rehabilitation specialists, as well as budget constraints affecting service quality. The disposition of implementers shows a positive attitude toward policy goals, though the bureaucratic structure requires improvement in coordination mechanisms. The study concludes that while the social rehabilitation program has improved the quality of life for persons with disabilities, optimising policy implementation requires addressing resource limitations, strengthening inter-agency coordination, and enhancing community participation in rehabilitation efforts

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in alleviating poverty, with a case study focus on Sei Jang Village, Tanjungpinang City. PKH is a social assistance program initiated by the government to improve the welfare of the poor through conditional cash assistance. The reason the researcher chose this title was to determine the extent to which PKH is effective in reducing poverty, especially since data shows a decline in the number of PKH recipients in Sei Jang Village in 2023. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, where data is obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation studies. To measure the level of effectiveness, the theory from (Makmur, 2015) was used, which states that the elements of effectiveness include accuracy in timing, accuracy in calculation, accuracy in measurement, accuracy in decision making, accuracy in thinking, accuracy in carrying out orders, accuracy in determining goals, and accuracy in targeting. The results of the study show that PKH has had a positive impact on reducing the economic burden on poor families, particularly in meeting the educational and health needs of children. However, the effectiveness of this program is still hampered by several factors, such as delays in fund disbursement, participants' lack of understanding of the program's terms and conditions, and minimal assistance from relevant officials. In addition, another challenge in the form of inaccuracy in targeting beneficiaries also affects the overall achievement of the program. These findings indicate that better management and supervision are urgently needed. This study concludes that although PKH contributes significantly to poverty alleviation, improvements in management and supervision are needed to maximize the program's objectives. The proposed recommendations include increasing the capacity of social workers, improving the beneficiary selection mechanism, and strengthening coordination among stakeholders at the local level.

This study investigates the role of peer social support in enhancing self-confidence among adolescents at the Amal Wanita An-Nur Orphanage in Depok, Indonesia. Adolescents living in orphanages often experience psychological challenges, including low self-confidence and limited social interaction, which can affect their personal growth and future orientation. The objective of this research is to explore how peer social support contributes to strengthening self-confidence and to identify the forms, driving factors, and obstacles of such support. A qualitative descriptive method was applied through observation, interviews, and documentation, involving seven informants consisting of the orphanage head, caregivers, and adolescents. Findings show that three types of support emotional, appraisal, and informational play a dominant role in fostering self-confidence. Emotional support was expressed through empathy and active listening, appraisal support was provided through recognition of achievements and encouragement, while informational support involved advice and constructive feedback. Meanwhile, instrumental and network support were less emphasized due to limited resources. Despite the presence of barriers such as feelings of inferiority, miscommunication, and differences in emotional readiness, peer support proved effective in motivating adolescents, strengthening their resilience, and fostering positive self-perception. The implications suggest the need for structured peer-support programs, facilitated by caregivers and social workers, to maximize adolescents’ potential and prepare them for future challenges. Thus, this study demonstrates that peer social support serves not only as a protective factor but also as a social learning tool that shapes adolescents' interpersonal skills. Targeted programs can increase self-confidence, expand social relationships, and create a more supportive and inclusive nursing home environment.

Social Workers are a profession that has special skills in helping individuals, families, and communities to carry out their social functions optimally. One form of intervention carried out is through childcare, especially for children who are in a threatened condition or have lost care from the nuclear family. SOS Children's Village Medan implements a family-based care system that aims to create a safe, loving environment that supports children's holistic development. This study aims to determine the form of care carried out by social workers at SOS Children's Village Medan. The method used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The results of the study indicate that social workers play an important role in designing, supervising, and evaluating care patterns and accompanying children in meeting physical, emotional, social, and educational needs. The family approach has been proven to be able to build emotional bonds and improve the quality of life of the children being assisted.

Children are the next generation of a nation, so that the growth and development of children must be properly considered, not only the responsibility of the family and parents but also the responsibility of society and the state, considering that Indonesia is a welfare state that has an obligation to guarantee the rights of its citizens properly. In this case, including the rights of children in conflict with the law (ABH), even though they are children who have problems with the law, they are children who must be protected to fulfill their rights. This study was conducted using literature and document study methods, in the form of books, journal articles, or other types of writings and various laws and regulations relating to cases of children in conflict with the law (ABH). The results of the study showed that the fulfillment of the rights of correctional students consisting of the right to survive and develop, the right to protection and the right to participate has been carried out well by LPKA. Although there is still a shortage of correctional social workers in LPKA who act as facilitators and bridges for ABH to get education and carry out the rehabilitation process according to the needs of children.

The aging population will be a problem if the elderly have problems. The increasing number of problems elderly people confront may turn them into persons who need help to maintain their standard of living. Government-run institutions include the Tresna Werdha Social Service Center (BPSTW), where social workers play a crucial role in the delivery of social services. Social facilities for the elderly frequently face challenges with their residents' mobility, emotional and physical health, need for caregivers for daily activities, trouble adjusting, and lack of social interaction. Because it explains the role that social workers play in assisting the elderly, researchers are interested in studying "The Role of Social Workers in Providing Social Services to the Elderly in PSTW". The strategy used gives an objective account of the reality in the field. The descriptive "Qualitative" approach is a research methodology intended to offer a comprehensive examination of the function social workers perform in providing social support to the elderly. To understand and explain the phenomenon is its aim. This study's author focuses on the role that social workers play and the difficulties that they face in providing social services to WBS. Among the research findings gleaned from the interviews are social    

This study investigates the legal protections available for victims of domestic violence in Indonesia. It comprehensively analyses existing laws, policies, and support systems designed to safeguard victims and hold perpetrators accountable. The research highlights significant gaps in legal protections, including the inadequacy of current legislation, enforcement challenges faced by law enforcement agencies, and the societal stigma that victims often encounter. Through qualitative methods, including interviews with legal experts, social workers, and victims and a thorough review of relevant case law, the study aims to identify the barriers that prevent victims from accessing justice. Key findings reveal that while some legal frameworks are in place, they often lack effective implementation, leaving many victims vulnerable. Additionally, the research emphasizes the need for a more coordinated response among various stakeholders, including government agencies, NGOs, and community organizations, to create a supportive environment for victims. Recommendations for improving legal frameworks and support services are presented, aiming to ensure that victims receive adequate protection and have meaningful access to justice. By addressing these issues, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on enhancing legal protections for domestic violence victims in Indonesia.

This research aims to evaluate the role of the Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) of the Griya Wanita Mandiri Social Service Centre in supporting social rehabilitation programmes for homeless women, as well as explore their future orientation in meeting the developmental and rehabilitation needs of women who are homeless. Conducted from October 2023 to June 2024, this research used qualitative methods such as interviews and observations. The results showed that the role and skills of the social service centre in facilitating the utilisation of the skills and resources of prostituted women have been running effectively. However, the motivation provided by social workers to prostitute women is still not optimal. In the role and skills of education, social workers have been able to provide physical, health, and recreational guidance training to prostituted women. Spiritual awareness provided through spiritual guidance still needs to be improved. The role and skills of representation have gone well, as evidenced by the programmes organised by the social service centre that have provided adequate understanding to prostituted women through social rehabilitation services. However, the social problem-solving by the social service centre for women who are prostitutes is not yet optimal, as evidenced by the ineffective relationship between social workers and fellow caseworkers in carrying out social rehabilitation for women who are prostitutes.

This research aims to identify the problems faced by children's study groups, especially in religious education, namely Koran recitation groups. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach by collecting data through interviews and observations of children's study groups. The results of the research show several main problems, including children's lack of understanding about learning religion, especially reciting the Koran, for example in reading Iqro', memorizing short surahs, and also memorizing the Al-Qur'an. As a solution, the group will act as social workers, namely as Koran teachers in order to help children or children's study groups complete religious education, especially memorizing surahs and memorizing the Al-Qur'an. This research focuses on the role of a social worker, namely as a teacher in helping children's study groups increase the effectiveness of the children's study groups.

This research aims to determine the role of social workers (Peksos) in overcoming narcotics problems in Medan Plus. Social workers act as companions, in line with that social workers are involved in the process which includes initial approach, assessment, placement in the program, and implementation of program services. The initial approach, as a first step, is directed at identifying the need for service programs that are appropriate to the client's target conditions. Social workers also play a role in obtaining support and assistance. As intermediaries in social services, social workers have a responsibility to understand the various resources, types of services, and programs available within the scope of their duties. In addition, social workers act as rehabilitation facilitators which include facilitating the process of individual, group and community change, as well as functioning as agents of change by providing the necessary time, thought and resources. Social workers also act as motivators to provide reinforcement and motivation to clients who are victims of drug coverage in Medan Plus.

Social functioning is a condition in which individuals, families, groups and communities are able to fulfill their basic needs and rights, carry out their social duties and roles, and overcome problems in their lives. However, there are still many people who cannot carry out their social functions properly. One of them is a person with mental disorders (ODGJ). Mental disorder is a psychological disorder that occurs in a person. Therefore, to improve the social functioning of ODGJ, it is necessary to implement social rehabilitation. One of them is by carrying out an activity called integrated collaborative therapy.The research objective is to find out the increaseSocial Functioning of People with Mental Disorders (ODGJ) Through Integrated Collaborative Therapy (TKT). The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Informants in this study totaled 6 people consisting of 1 PJLP Social Worker, 1 PJLP, 1 ASN Social Worker, and 3 WBS using the techniquepurposive sampling. People with Mental Disorders (ODGJ) at the Bina Laras Harapan Sentosa 3 Social Institution receive assistance in the form of social development activities through the implementation of collaborative therapy activities integrated with reality-oriented group activity therapy. The implementation of this therapy has a considerable and positive influence on the social functioning of people with mental disorders. This can be seen from the fulfillment of 3 aspects of social functioning by the socially assisted members of PSBL HS 3. In addition, WBS cancan communicate well, be more focused, have ethics and initiative, have new skills, be adaptable, and be able to express opinions.

Social Services include activities and interactions that occur between social workers or caregivers and the elderly while they are in the orphanage. This research aims to determine the main problems in service, the form of service implemented as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. This research uses a library study method by utilizing literature materials in the form of books, journals and articles that are in line with the title or theme of the research. The results of the research show that the main problem in social services for the elderly is that it is difficult to manage the activities provided by social workers. The form of social services for the elderly after the Covid-19 pandemic implemented by Tresna Werdha nursing house Budi Mulia 3 includes physical changes and social changes for the elderly and provides four types of social services, namely food services, religious services, entertainment services and recreation services. In Religious Services, social workers use religious approaches such as reciting the newspaper, reading the newspaper, reading Surah Yasin.

The process of socializing self-reliance services for street children at PSBR Taruna Jaya 2 has several guidance activities such as social guidance which provides physical and mental guidance and skills guidance. This research was conducted at the Taruna Jaya 2 DKI Jakarta Youth Development Social Institution (PSBR Taruna Jaya 2) among street children who received skills guidance. The method used is qualitative with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. The informants interviewed were social workers, institutional managers, instructors and street children. The results of the research show that the condition of street children before receiving guidance at PSBR Taruna Jaya 2 did not have special skills to make a living, they were young men aged 18 to 30 years. They were caught in control operations by the authorities, living on the streets acting as street children (anjal), homeless people and beggars (gepeng), silver people, street singers, clown singers and punks. Education is low and some cannot read, write and count. Participated in coaching at PSBR Taruna Jaya 2 for 6 months. Implementation of skills guidance programs in the form of welding, car or motorbike repair, electronics, air conditioning and screen printing. The implementation of the program is funded by the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta and involves social workers, institutional managers, psychologists and instructors. Monitoring and evaluating training guidance with internships at collaborating companies. The independence of street children means that by terminating street children, they become aware of the law, return to their families and live in the community, some have even gotten jobs and opened their own businesses so they can cover their own needs without depending on other people.