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Correctional institutions impose sustained psychological burdens on inmates, including social isolation, fractured family bonds, and disrupted identity development, which collectively heighten the risk of mental health deterioration. Unlike preventive psychoeducational approaches, group counseling operates as a curative, therapeutically structured service that enables participants to process shared difficulties through interpersonal dynamics. This community service study implemented group counseling within a Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework involving 50 early adult inmates at Lapas Kelas III Rangkasbitung. PAR was operationalized as an implementation framework in which each counseling cluster cycle followed the Plan-Act-Observe-Reflect sequence, enabling iterative refinement of therapeutic content. Pre-service needs assessment using the Alat Ungkap Masalah (AUM) Umum Masyarakat instrument identified dominant problems in family relations (13.33%), personal self (12.97%), and social relations (10.76%). Group counseling was conducted across three thematic clusters. Program evaluation revealed improvements in social interaction, self-acceptance, and emotional regulation among participants, with the PAR reflective cycle enabling context responsive adaptation of each session. These findings affirm that PAR-grounded group counseling constitutes a contextually adaptive model for psychosocial rehabilitation in correctional settings.

This research examines the potential application of the Right to Be Forgotten (RTBF) in Indonesia's criminal justice system, focusing on individuals who have been acquitted or have completed their sentences. The study explores the legal, social, and ethical implications of RTBF in relation to criminal records, aiming to assess how it could support the rehabilitation and reintegration of acquitted individuals. In Indonesia, criminal records often remain publicly accessible long after a person has been legally exonerated, creating barriers to social reintegration due to the stigma associated with past accusations. The study investigates the gaps in the current legal framework, such as the lack of provisions for the removal or anonymization of criminal records for acquitted individuals, and explores how RTBF could promote justice and fairness. The research uses a literature review methodology, analyzing relevant legal texts including Law No. 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, and the 1945 Indonesian Constitution. The review critically evaluates the challenges and opportunities of implementing RTBF, focusing on balancing privacy rights with public safety concerns. The findings suggest that RTBF could reduce the negative impact of criminal records on individuals who have been acquitted, facilitating their reintegration into society. However, the study also highlights the challenges in implementing RTBF due to societal and legal factors. Legal reforms recommendations allow individuals to request the removal of criminal records, aligning Indonesia's legal system with international human rights standards.

Background: Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability, especially in the elderly population. The impact of stroke is not only limited to physical activity, but also greatly affects the psychosocial condition of the sufferer. From a psychological aspect, stroke sufferers often experience various complex emotional disorders. Research tends to be deep sadness, anger, disappointment, and feelings of helplessness. One of the significant psychosocial problems experienced by stroke survivors is a decrease in low self-esteem. Methods: The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The data source in this study came from informants. This research was conducted at Royal Prima Hospital, Jambi City. Results: Based on the results of the research that has been conducted, it was found that stroke patients experience various psychological changes due to physical limitations that arise after having a stroke. Family support is the most influential factor in the psychological condition of stroke patients.  Families who always accompany patients are able to help patients accept sick conditions and increase patient morale during the rehabilitation process. However, the results of the study show that psychological support from nurses is still not fully optimal. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, stroke patients experience psychological changes such as feeling embarrassed, insecure, feeling a burden on the family, withdrawing from the social environment, and losing their zest for life due to physical limitations. This condition shows that the stroke has an impact not only on the physical, but also on the psychological of the patient. Family support in the form of attention, motivation, affection, mentoring, and medical assistance is very helpful in increasing the patient's enthusiasm and confidence during rehabilitation. Nurses also play a role in the recovery process through health education, motivation, and treatment assistance. However, emotional support and therapeutic communication from nurses are still not optimal because services are more focused on medical measures.

This research is motivated by the complex problems of street children, vagrants, and beggars in Jambi City, which are influenced by poverty, urbanization, and weak social protection. This phenomenon not only impacts public order but also reflects the suboptimal social welfare system at the regional level. Although local governments have implemented various policies through social order and rehabilitation approaches, their effectiveness still faces various structural and cultural challenges. This study uses Bryson's Policy Implementation Mapping theoretical framework, which includes indicators of interests, resources, channels, potential participation, level of influence, implications, and actions as the main analysis. The research approach used is a qualitative case study design to understand the dynamics of policy implementation in depth. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, with informants selected using purposive sampling until data saturation was achieved. The results show that policy implementation mapping has been carried out through collaboration between the Social Service and the Public Order Agency (Satpol PP) with a structured preventive, repressive, and rehabilitative approach. However, implementation has not been optimal due to limited rehabilitation facilities, lack of coordination between agencies, low community participation, and high mobility of beggars from outside the region. Furthermore, there is a gap between high administrative achievements and the reality on the ground, which still shows a high rate of returning to the streets. This study concludes that mapping policy implementation requires a more holistic, sustainable approach based on economic empowerment and strengthened cross-sectoral coordination to address this social issue more effectively and effectively.

Overcapacity in Correctional Institutions is a structural problem that is still a serious challenge in the correctional system in Indonesia. This condition is characterized by the number of inmates that far exceeds the ideal capacity, resulting in a decrease in the quality of coaching, health services, and security. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause overcapacity in prisons and the impact they have on the effectiveness of the correctional system. The method used is a normative juridical approach supported by empirical data from relevant agency reports. The results of the study show that the main factors causing overcapacity include the high crime rate, criminal policies that are still oriented towards prison sentences, and limited correctional facilities and infrastructure. The impact of overcapacity is very felt in the implementation of inmate development. Crowded housing conditions also increase conflicts between inmates, the spread of infectious diseases, and violations of basic rights. In addition, the limited number of correctional officers causes supervision to not run optimally and has the potential to trigger deviant practices in prisons. Therefore, it is necessary to reformulate penal policies through the optimization of non-prison penal alternatives, institutional capacity building, and strengthening rehabilitation and social reintegration programs to realize a more humane and just correctional system.

This study aims to examine the normative construction and practical implementation of criminal sanctions against narcotics abusers from the perspectives of Islamic criminal law and Indonesian positive law, as well as to formulate an integrative policy model that is more just, humane, and context-sensitive in Bungo Regency. Narcotics abuse constitutes a multidimensional problem involving legal, social, moral, and public health dimensions. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is required to integrate the normative values of Islamic criminal law with the national legal system. This research employs a normative-empirical approach using comparative legal analysis, examining statutory regulations, doctrines of Islamic criminal law, and law enforcement practices at the local level. The findings indicate that Islamic criminal law frames narcotics abuse within the protection of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly the preservation of intellect (ḥifẓ al-‘aql) and life (ḥifẓ al-nafs), thereby emphasizing not only punitive but also educational and rehabilitative orientations through the instrument of ta‘zīr. Meanwhile, Indonesian positive law, particularly Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics, provides legal space for rehabilitation; however, its implementation still encounters structural and cultural challenges. This study concludes that integrating Islamic criminal law principles with the national legal framework may produce a more responsive sentencing model that upholds substantive justice, human rights protection, and effective narcotics control. Policy reformulation grounded in religious values, restorative approaches, and social rehabilitation is recommended as a strategic direction for national criminal law reform.

This study aims to analyze the criminalization of juvenile victims of drug abuse from a victimology perspective in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a descriptive approach, conducted through library research on primary and secondary legal materials. The results show that in law enforcement practices, juveniles involved in drug abuse are often treated as offenders and processed through the criminal justice system. A case study in Surabaya reveals that juveniles who should have been recommended for rehabilitation were instead sentenced to imprisonment. From a criminological perspective, juvenile involvement is influenced by environmental factors, peer pressure, and weak family supervision. In the victimological perspective, these juveniles should be viewed as victims who require protection and rehabilitation. Therefore, a paradigm shift in the criminal justice system is needed, emphasizing a rehabilitative approach and legal protection for juveniles. This approach can reduce stigma and support a more effective rehabilitation process, with the hope of helping children's psychological and social recovery.

The relocation of the Social Welfare Shelter Environment (Lingkungan Pondok Sosial/Liponsos) in Sidoarjo represents a strategic effort to address social and spatial issues characterized by overcapacity, limited facilities, and an inadequate living environment that does not fully support the physical and psychological needs of people with social welfare problems (PMKS). These conditions indicate that the challenges faced by Liponsos are not merely social in nature but are also closely related to the quality of the built environment, which significantly influences the rehabilitation and recovery process of its residents. Therefore, a human-centered design approach is required in planning social service facilities. This study aims to analyze the application of humanistic architecture principles in the planned relocation of the Sidoarjo Liponsos as a foundation for creating a more livable, dignified, and user-oriented environment. The research employs a literature review method by collecting data from relevant books, journals, regulations, and previous studies. The analysis is conducted using descriptive and content analysis to examine the relationship between humanistic architectural principles and the needs of residents within social welfare facilities. The results indicate that the humanistic architectural approach is highly relevant to the relocation of Liponsos, particularly through spatial zoning based on levels of privacy and security, the provision of green open spaces and communal areas as media for social interaction and therapeutic activities, and the design of self-development spaces that support rehabilitation and empowerment. The implementation of these principles is expected to create a built environment that not only fulfills basic functional requirements but also supports psychological recovery, social stability, and sustainable improvement in the quality of life of PMKS residents.  

The elderly population in Indonesia, particularly in Surabaya, has been growing significantly, making the need for facilities serving the elderly increasingly urgent. Elderly rehabilitation services must be provided holistically, covering four main aspects: social, health, psychological, and spiritual. However, the implementation of holistic services in some nursing homes still shows differences in quality and has not fully met the expected standards. This study aims to analyze and compare holistic services in two nursing homes, namely Griya Lansia Husnul Khatimah in Malang and UPTD Griya Wreda Jambangan in Surabaya. The method used in this study is descriptive-qualitative comparison, with a field observation approach and a literature review to establish assessment criteria based on the four aspects of holistic services. The research results show that both nursing homes analyzed have shortcomings in the social and psychological service aspects. This indicates a gap in the quality of services received by the elderly in both homes, which needs attention to ensure that holistic services can be applied more effectively and in line with the established standards. This study is expected to provide recommendations for improving the quality of services in nursing homes in Indonesia.

Drug abuse in Indonesia has reached an alarming level and has become a complex legal and health problem. This study aims to examine the criminal law policy applied to drug abusers from a health perspective, with a focus on the rehabilitative approach as an alternative to punishment. The method used is normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach, through a literature study of laws and regulations, court decisions, and relevant scientific literature. The results of the study indicate that Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics contains a dualistic approach, namely punishment (penal) and rehabilitation (non-penal), but its implementation still tends towards imprisonment. From a health perspective, drug abuse is an addictive disorder that requires a medical and psychosocial approach, not solely a criminal repressive approach. An ideal criminal law policy should combine proportional criminal sanctions with a comprehensive medical and social rehabilitation program. This study recommends policy reforms that are more oriented towards the health recovery of drug abusers without neglecting the aspect of law enforcement against drug dealers and traffickers.

Drug misuse continues to be a complicated social and legal issue that has an impact on societal stability, public health, and personal wellbeing. Many criminal justice systems have moved away from punitive tactics in favor of rehabilitation-focused ones in recent years, especially for drug users who are frequently viewed as sufferers of addiction rather than serious criminals. The National Narcotics Agency (BNN) in Indonesia is implementing rehabilitation programs and restorative justice processes as a result of this change. This study investigates the efficacy of restorative justice in drug rehabilitation at Jambi Province's National Narcotics Agency and evaluates its applicability from the standpoint of Islamic law, specifically the framework of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. The study uses a case study design and a qualitative methodology. Participant observation, document analysis, and in-depth interviews with BNN officials, rehabilitation counselors, medical staff, and ex-drug users were used to gather data. The results show that an integrated evaluation system that assesses drug users' physical, psychological, and social states in order to determine their eligibility for recovery is used to institutionally apply restorative justice principles. Combining medical care, psychological counseling, and social reintegration programs, the rehabilitation programs greatly aid in participants' recuperation, enhance psychological stability, and fortify familial ties. Additionally, by promoting individual responsibility, family support, and community involvement, restorative justice-based rehabilitation lowers the risk of recidivism. From the standpoint of Islamic legal philosophy, these actions are consistent with the goals of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, specifically the defense of human dignity, life (ḥifḍ al-nafs), and intellect (ḥifḍ al-ʿaql). According to the study's findings, restorative justice-based rehabilitation is a compassionate and successful method of treating drug dependency while encouraging social reintegration and long-term recovery.

This study analyzes the dynamics of "Early Marriage and Shattered School Hopes" regarding eroded psychological well-being and pawned adolescent ideals in Brebes Regency. Using a qualitative case study design, data were gathered via in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis from eight informants, processed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model. Findings reveal early marriage is not merely a social event but systemic trauma damaging psychological structures through three aspects: first, victims' psychological conditions marked by identity loss, prolonged anxiety, and "fatalistic resignation"; second, lost educational access due to interactions of "normative-cultural coercion," "institutional structural barriers," and "economic-domestic double burdens"; third, manifestations of buried ideals comprising "hindered academic grief," "identity cognitive conflict," and "internalized existential despair." The research proves education loss from early marriage destroys human potential, altering character, leaving spiritual voids, and perpetuating intergenerational poverty cycles, thus urgently demanding holistic interventions including psychosocial rehabilitation and alternative education pathways. This study's main contribution is introducing the "systemic trauma" concept that actively extinguishes adolescents' existential hopes, filling literature gaps by providing a detailed psychological map to formulate recovery policies previously neglected in early marriage prevention discussions.

This study analyzes the implementation of Pohuwato Regency Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Public Order and Community Peace in addressing prostitution, focusing on the disparity between repressive and rehabilitative approaches; the background of the research is based on the gap between normative provisions and implementation reality, characterized by an increase in raids without a corresponding decline in prostitution practices. The research aims to examine the normative position of the regional regulation within the legal hierarchy and to evaluate the effectiveness of law enforcement in the field; the method employed is empirical legal research (socio-legal research) through in-depth interviews, observation, and secondary data analysis. The findings reveal that, normatively, the regional regulation potentially conflicts with the hierarchy of laws and regulations due to the imposition of detention sanctions without judicial oversight mechanisms, while implementation-wise, law enforcement only targets sex workers through a repressive approach without adequate social rehabilitation and economic empowerment programs. The implications of this study underscore the necessity of revising the regional regulation to align with the supremacy of law and integrating a rehabilitative approach into a more comprehensive and equitable prostitution prevention policy.

This community service program aims to revitalize religious and social-value-based worship services for people with mental disorders (ODGJ) level 4 to support the rehabilitation process at the Sidoarjo Regency Social Service. ODGJ level 4 are individuals with mild mental disorders who still have the potential to develop socially and spiritually if they receive appropriate support. However, in practice, the rehabilitation program tends to focus on medical and psychological aspects, while spiritual guidance has not been optimally integrated. The implementation method uses a participatory approach involving companions, families, and the social environment under the coordination of the Sidoarjo Regency Social Service. The results of the activity indicate that the revitalization of religious and social-value-based worship services can increase the involvement of ODGJ in worship activities, improve social interactions, and have a positive impact on the emotional stability of participants. In addition, this program also encourages the active role of families and communities in supporting the spiritual-based rehabilitation process. Thus, the approach worship assistance based on socio-religious values ​​can be an alternative model in supporting the holistic rehabilitation of ODGJ level 4, which includes spiritual, social, and psychological aspects, especially in the context of community-based services at the Sidoarjo Regency Social Service.

This research was conducted to analyze the process of providing social services for abandoned children at the Sayap Ibu Foundation. Abandoned children are seen as a group with a high level of vulnerability and therefore require special intervention in fulfilling basic rights, protection, and developing their personal capacity so they can develop optimally. The research method applies a qualitative approach that uses interview processes, observations, and documentation studies to obtain the required information. Research findings show that the services provided include aspects of protection, education, fulfillment of basic needs, and psychosocial development which are implemented in an integrated manner by professional staff and volunteers. In its implementation, this service still faces a number of obstacles, including limited human resources, infrastructure, and minimal support from the community, which has an impact on the suboptimal service. However, the Sayap Ibu Foundation still has a significant contribution in improving the welfare of abandoned children through various programs oriented towards social rehabilitation, character strengthening, and empowerment. Therefore, it can be concluded from this study that it is necessary to strengthen comprehensive and sustainable services, as well as closer collaboration between institutions, government and the community in order to increase the effectiveness of handling neglected children by utilizing the functions and roles of foundations to the maximum. Then, the implications of the results of this study can be used as consideration for policy makers and social actors in designing more effective service programs for neglected children.

For criminal justice systems, the growing number of young people involved in drug-related crimes is a serious problem, especially when it comes to striking a balance between law enforcement and child protection and rehabilitation. By contrasting viewpoints from Islamic law and Indonesian positive law, this study investigates the use of restorative justice in the processing of adolescent drug cases in Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi. The study used a qualitative socio-legal methodology that integrates normative legal analysis with empirical field data gathered via observations, interviews, and document analysis involving law enforcement personnel, rehabilitation facilities, families, and community people. The results show that diversionary measures required by Law No. 11 of 2012 regulating the Juvenile Criminal Justice System are the main means by which restorative justice is applied in juvenile drug cases. In order to guarantee that children are not subjected to punitive detention but rather have options for recovery and social reintegration, these systems prioritize mediation, rehabilitation, and community involvement. From the standpoint of Islamic law, restorative justice is consistent with fundamental tenets like tawbah (repentance), islah (reconciliation), and the protection of human welfare, all of which place an emphasis on moral reform and the preservation of children's dignity. These ideas support the adoption of restorative measures in the resolution of adolescent drug offenses in Tanjung Jabung Barat, a sociocultural setting where Malay-Islamic beliefs have a significant impact on community life. The report does, however, also point out a number of difficulties, such as the lack of rehabilitation facilities, the societal stigma associated with juvenile offenders, and the inconsistent use of diversion by law enforcement. The study comes to the conclusion that a framework for handling juvenile drug cases that prioritizes the rehabilitation and future well-being of children is both culturally sensitive and legally sound when restorative justice ideas are integrated with Islamic legal values and Indonesian statutory law.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal protection for children as victims of sexual violence based on Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. Sexual violence against children constitutes a serious violation of human rights and has long-term impacts on the physical, psychological, and social development of victims. Normatively, the law regulates various forms of protection, including prevention, handling, rehabilitation, and the imposition of stricter sanctions against perpetrators. However, in practice, several obstacles remain in the implementation of such legal protection. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources analyzed qualitatively through legal interpretation techniques. The analysis evaluates the conformity between the legal norms stipulated in the legislation and their implementation in practice. The results indicate that, normatively, Law Number 35 of 2014 provides a relatively comprehensive legal framework for protecting child victims of sexual violence. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is hindered by challenges such as law enforcement issues, limited facilities and infrastructure, lack of inter-agency coordination, and social stigma toward victims. Therefore, strengthening policy implementation and enhancing synergy among stakeholders are necessary to ensure optimal legal protection for children as victims of sexual violence.  

The phenomenon of homeless individuals and beggars (gepeng) in Jambi City remains a significant and ongoing social issue, indicating that efforts to address poverty and urban social vulnerability have not yet been fully effective. Although the local government, through the Jambi City Social Affairs Office, has implemented a Social Rehabilitation Program aimed at restoring beneficiaries’ social functioning through outreach, social assessment, social guidance, skills training, and family reunification, the presence of gepeng in public spaces continues to fluctuate from 2022 to 2024. This study analyzes the effectiveness of the program’s implementation, particularly the social guidance component, using a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observation, and documentation review, and analyzed using George C. Edward III’s policy implementation theory, which emphasizes communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings show that the program has been carried out procedurally and humanely; however, its effectiveness remains limited due to insufficient numbers of social workers, weak and unsustained economic empowerment support, and inadequate post-rehabilitation monitoring. As a result, some beneficiaries return to the streets after completing the program. Therefore, strengthening inter-agency communication, increasing resource capacity, integrating sustainable economic empowerment initiatives, and improving consistent monitoring systems are essential steps to achieve long-term and more sustainable reductions in homelessness in Jambi.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of narcotics rehabilitation for offenders who reoffend after undergoing rehabilitation, using a case study at the Bukittinggi Police Resort (Polresta Bukittinggi) and rehabilitation institutions. This research is motivated by the continued occurrence of narcotics offenders who relapse into criminal behavior despite having completed medical and social rehabilitation programs as mandated by Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. The research method used is empirical juridical with a qualitative approach through interviews, literature review, and case documentation. Primary data were obtained from investigators at Polresta Bukittinggi and rehabilitation institutions, while secondary data were obtained from laws and regulations as well as relevant literature. The results indicate that the investigation process leading to rehabilitation has been conducted in accordance with applicable procedures through assessment mechanisms by the Integrated Assessment Team (Tim Asesmen Terpadu). However, the effectiveness of rehabilitation in preventing recidivism remains suboptimal, as evidenced by offenders who return to narcotics abuse after completing rehabilitation programs. This suggests that rehabilitation programs require continuous supervision and more comprehensive approaches, including medical, psychological, and social aspects, to minimize the risk of relapse among former narcotics abusers.

This study aims to analyze the stages, impacts, and supporting and inhibiting factors of social intervention for child victims of sexual violence at the “Handayani” Center, East Jakarta. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach to obtain an in-depth understanding of the intervention process. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the “Handayani” Center applies the Generalist Intervention Model (GIM) through seven stages: engagement, assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation, termination, and follow-up. The social intervention has a positive impact on children, particularly in improving emotional stability, self-confidence, and social functioning. Furthermore, the intervention supports children’s readiness for social reintegration. Supporting factors include the professionalism of social workers and effective team collaboration, while inhibiting factors consist of high workload, delays in administrative reporting, and limited family support.