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Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

The high number of elderly people has led to various health problems that must be faced. However, there are still elderly people who are reluctant to carry out regular physical activity, so the health status and quality of life of the elderly also decline. Aims: This systematic review aims to identify the relationship between social cognitive theory (SCT) on physical activity in the elderly. Methods: This systematic review method approach is based on PRISMA. This systematic review examines several research articles from journal databases, namely PubMed and ScienceDirect, and obtained 13 articles in 2019-2024. The keywords used in the search are “Social Cognitive Theory”, “SCT”, “Physical Activity”, “PA”, and “Elderly”. The articles reviewed met the inclusion criteria, namely relevant article topics, original research articles in English, and publications in the last five years. The eligibility criteria were then assessed separately using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist tool.  Results: From a total of 13 articles reviewed, it can be concluded that the majority of articles explain how important the social cognitive patterns that elderly people must have in relation to the physical activity of the elderly, such as predicting the physical activity of the elderly, increasing the exercise behavior of the elderly, influencing the level of physical activity for people with chronic diseases, and adjusting physical activity with the abilities of the elderly. The higher an elderly person's social cognition, self-efficacy, encouragement, and social support to be able and willing to carry out physical activities in accordance with the elderly's abilities and physical condition. Conclusion: The social cognition of the elderly places more emphasis on the ability of the elderly to learn things around them, so that the elderly have self-efficacy, encouragement, and social support to do things in according to their goals and beliefs. Health workers in provide health services to the community, social cognitive theory can be used for alternative to increase the physical activity of the elderly. A personalized smartphone-based intervention based on SCT is highly effective for promoting physical activity in older adults.  

Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan demografi berupa jumlah penduduk yang besar dengan laju pertumbuhan yang terus meningkat. Berdasarkan hasil Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012, jumlah penduduk Indonesia mencapai sekitar 257 juta jiwa. Di sisi lain, penggunaan smartphone telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat, ditandai dengan peningkatan pengguna yang terus terjadi setiap tahun. Data dari Statista menunjukkan bahwa pada Oktober 2017, sekitar 75% pengguna smartphone di Indonesia menggunakan perangkat berbasis Android. Berdasarkan data integrasi Sistem Informasi Administrasi Kependudukan (SIAK) dengan KTP elektronik Kabupaten Tasikmalaya per Juni 2019, Kecamatan Cigalontang merupakan kecamatan dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar kedua setelah Karangnunggal, yaitu sebanyak 74.140 jiwa atau 4,14% dari total penduduk Kabupaten Tasikmalaya yang berjumlah 1.791.881 jiwa. Jumlah tersebut terdiri atas 37.998 laki-laki (4,17%) dan 36.142 perempuan (4,10%). Dalam program Keluarga Berencana (KB), metode kontrasepsi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah suntik 300 PUS sebesar 41,10% dan suntik 150 PUS sebesar 20,55%, dengan jumlah peserta aktif mencapai 506 akseptor atau sekitar 69% dari total 730 akseptor KB. Hasil Focus Group Discussion (FGD) bersama bidan dan akseptor KB menunjukkan masih sering terjadi keterlambatan maupun kelalaian dalam konsumsi pil KB serta jadwal kunjungan ulang suntik, sehingga diperlukan media atau sistem pengingat yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kepatuhan akseptor.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai efektivitas aplikasi mobile “e-KABE” sebagai sarana pendukung pelayanan Keluarga Berencana di Desa Cigalontang, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, pada tahun 2021.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun perangkat yang mampu membaca, mengukur, serta mengirimkan data mengenai tegangan, arus, daya, frekuensi, dan energi secara real-time melalui aplikasi Blynk Internet of Things. Perangkat ini memungkinkan data ditampilkan pada smartphone dan layar komputer dari lokasi mana pun, dan direncanakan untuk digunakan di gardu distribusi milik PT PLN (Persero) ULP Darmo Permai. Alat ini berguna sebagai langkah tindakan korektif ketika terjadi ketidakseimbangan beban, mempermudah pengawasan dalam proses penyeimbangan, serta sebagai acuan untuk pemindahan fasa saat diperlukan. Selain itu, alat ini juga berfungsi sebagai langkah preventif untuk menjaga keseimbangan beban gardu dan sebagai referensi jika ada penambahan pelanggan baru. Metode penelitian ini melibatkan penggunaan mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai Modbus master untuk mengatur sistem. Mikrokontroler ini menerima data digital melalui RS485 dari Power Meter Toky DS9L/7L yang mengukur tegangan dan arus dari PHB-TR. Data tersebut kemudian dikirimkan ke Cloud Blynk Internet of Things melalui nodemcu ESP32 dengan bantuan modem Wi-Fi router. Data yang diproses meliputi tegangan fasa netral RN, SN, TN (220-230 Volt), tegangan fasa-fasa RS, ST, RT (380-400 Volt), arus maksimal 400 Ampere sesuai spesifikasi sensor arus CT 400/5 A, energi (kWh), daya (Watt) untuk fasa R, S, T, daya total, serta frekuensi 50 Hz. Semua informasi ini ditampilkan pada antarmuka pengguna (UI) di smartphone dan PC.

This study aims to analyze the influence of electronic word of mouth (E-WOM) on purchase intention of iPhone brand smartphone through brand image as a mediating variable in Management students of Makassar State University. This study is motivated by the rapid development of digital technology and the increasing use of social media as a source of information that influences consumer perceptions and purchasing decisions, especially among students. The phenomenon of the rise of online product reviews, comments, and recommendations makes E-WOM an important factor in shaping brand image and driving consumer purchase intention. This study uses a quantitative explanatory approach survey method with purposive sampling technique, then analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the help of SmartPLS. The results show that electronic word of mouth (E-WOM) has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention and brand image, brand image also has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, and is able to significantly mediate the relationship between E-WOM and purchase intention of iPhone brand smartphone. These findings indicate that the better the quality of information and reviews conveyed through E-WOM, the stronger the brand image formed and the higher the consumer's purchase intention.

 The rapid adoption of smartphones among Indonesian digital natives has increased reliance on biometric authentication systems. However, empirical evidence regarding the relationship between user satisfaction and security risk awareness remains limited, particularly in developing-country contexts. This study investigates the behavioral dynamics of biometric security perception among 266 respondents, consisting of 221 high school students and 45 university students in Indonesia. A Python-based computational pipeline incorporating Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) validation and 1,000-iteration stochastic bootstrapping was employed to evaluate nonlinear behavioral patterns using Polynomial Regression and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multivariate analysis. The results confirm the existence of a nonlinear Security Paradox. While the overall population demonstrates a positive quadratic trajectory, the university student group exhibits a concave-down parabolic relationship (a=−0.0460), indicating a decline in perceived utility beyond a specific security threshold. The identified behavioral breaking point occurs at X≈5.45 (95% CI: 2.99–20.77), suggesting that excessive security hardening may reduce perceived usability and increase cognitive friction. Furthermore, the ablation analysis reveals that security risk awareness (p<0.001) is the strongest predictor of user satisfaction, exceeding the influence of daily usage intensity. Segment-level analysis further demonstrates behavioral divergence between respondent groups. High school students exhibit relatively uniform satisfaction toward biometric systems, whereas university students display greater variability and more critical perceptions regarding authentication friction. These findings indicate that highly rigid security configurations may become less effective for users with higher digital literacy and risk awareness. This study contributes a computationally validated behavioral framework for understanding security–utility trade-offs and provides a conceptual foundation for developing adaptive, user-centric, and friction-aware biometric authentication systems.

This study was motivated by students’ low conceptual understanding of temperature, heat, and thermal expansion at SMP Negeri 28 Batanghari, where learning achievement remained below 50%. Instruction predominantly used PowerPoint-based media, resulting in passive learning and limited contextual engagement. This study aimed to develop web-based interactive multimedia (GlidesApps) integrated with Cepak Kapung ethnoscience that is valid, practical, and effective in improving seventh-grade students’ conceptual understanding. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using a development model consisting of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The resulting product, named LokaSains, is a web-based learning application accessible via smartphone, laptop, or computer without installation. It presents learning content on temperature, heat, and thermal expansion integrated with the ethnoscience of Cepak Kapung, a traditional cake from Batanghari Regency. Content expert validation obtained a score of 91.07% (very valid), while media expert validation reached 87.50% (very feasible) after two revisions. Teacher practicality assessment produced 98.33% (very practical), and student responses in small-group and large-group trials reached 94% and 90.35%, respectively (very good). During implementation with 28 seventh-grade students, the mean pretest score increased from 46.07 to 76.79 in the posttest. A paired samples t-test produced t = −13.053 with Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference in conceptual understanding before and after using the multimedia. The N-Gain score of 0.57 indicated moderate effectiveness in improving learning outcomes. Accordingly, the LokaSains interactive multimedia is considered valid, highly practical, and effective for teaching temperature, heat, and thermal expansion at junior high school level.

Abstract: The digital era demands that every individual possess visual literacy competencies, but in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), access to technology is often limited to maintain focus on worship. The main problem at the Salafiyah Al-Furqon Islamic Boarding School in Sawangan, Magelang Regency, is the digital skills gap among 12th-grade students. This is caused by the boarding school's policy of only allowing mobile phone use during semester breaks, leaving students lacking practical multimedia skills prior to graduation. This community service activity aims to provide a solution through basic photography and videography training as a soft skill for alumni independence. The method used is a workshop that combines theoretical explanations and direct practice (experiential learning). The results of this activity show a significant increase in students' technical competency; participants are able to operate smartphone cameras with stable shooting techniques, understand the principles of visual composition (such as the rule of thirds and leading lines), and are able to perform basic video editing using mobile-based software applications. Through this training, Islamic boarding school graduates are expected to become individuals who are adaptive to technological developments and able to utilize visual media as a means of creative economics and digital da'wah after graduation.

The development of information technology, particularly the use of smartphones, has changed human activity patterns and significantly impacted the education sector. The "one-stop-shop" concept reflects the use of mobile devices as centers for various activities, including learning. This situation drives the need for innovation in the development of adaptive and interactive learning media. One solution that can be developed is an Android-based mobile application using Flutter, which can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the learning process. The Association of Multimedia and Information Technology Professionals (PPMultindo), an organization focused on technology, has developed an Android-based learning platform. This platform is designed to provide flexible access to materials, support interactivity, and facilitate collaboration between educators. Features such as learning analysis, material recommendations, and automatic evaluation are expected to improve the quality of the learning experience. However, the implementation of this technology still faces various challenges, including limited technological competence of educators, inadequate infrastructure, and adjustments to curriculum needs. Therefore, collaborative efforts are needed to optimize the use of mobile technology to support educational transformation in the digital era.

The rapid development of communication technology has spurred public demand for smartphones, particularly iPhones, seen as a symbol of prestige and advanced technology. This high demand has been exploited by unscrupulous business actors who distribute parallel import (black market) iPhones that are not officially registered, posing risks to consumers. This study examines the legal protection procedures for consumers, the legal standing of consumers in black market iPhone transactions, and the liability of business actors under Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (UUPK). Using a normative legal research method, the study employs statutory and conceptual approaches, analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary sources. The findings indicate that consumer protection can be achieved through preventive measures such as public education and information transparency, and repressive measures via dispute resolution mechanisms, both in court and through the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK). Consumers' legal rights are acknowledged, though they remain vulnerable due to the purchase of illegal goods. Business actors may be held liable for product liability, including the obligation to provide accurate information and face sanctions. In conclusion, consumer protection in black market iPhone transactions remains insufficient, and stronger enforcement is necessary.

This research is motivated by the escalating prevalence of illegal online lending practices in Indonesia, which generate a multitude of legal problems, particularly those concerning the validity of loan agreements and debt collection practices. The simplicity of access through smartphone applications, rapid processing times often approved within minutes and minimal administrative requirements have rendered these services immensely popular among the public. However, this accessibility also paves the way for unlicensed providers to operate unchecked, preying on desperate borrowers. The study aims to analyze the legal validity of illegal online loan agreements pursuant to the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and regulations issued by the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, OJK). Additionally, it examines the legal position of debt collection from a civil law perspective. A normative juridical method is employed, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches, with qualitative analysis of the data. The results demonstrate that illegal online loan agreements fail to fulfill the requirements for a valid contract, especially regarding the legal capacity of the parties and lawful cause, categorizing them as null and void by operation of law. Nevertheless, in practice, unlicensed providers continue debt collection efforts, frequently employing methods that violate the law, such as harassment and intimidation. This reveals a significant gap between legal norms and field implementation. The implications emphasize the critical need for robust law enforcement, enhanced consumer protection mechanisms, and stricter oversight of fintech lenders to establish legal certainty and justice for society.

The rapid development of digital technology has significantly transformed social interaction and learning processes in rural communities. Uncontrolled smartphone usage has led to low digital literacy and heightened risks of social media misuse among children and adolescents. This community service program, through the Community Service Program (KKN), aimed to improve digital literacy and establish a Learning Center (Pondok Belajar) as an educational space within the village. The methods included observation, socialization, digital literacy training, and academic mentoring for children. The results demonstrated an increase in community awareness regarding the responsible use of smartphones and enhanced learning motivation among children through the Learning Center activities. This program illustrates that the synergy between digital education and learning support can be a concrete step toward building a smart and competitive village in the digital era. The initiative highlights the importance of combining technology education with community-based programs to foster a more informed and empowered population in rural areas.

Excessive smartphone use among adolescents, especially students, can develop into smartphone addiction and potentially disrupt learning concentration. At SMP Negeri 11 Jambi City, most students use smartphones for long periods for entertainment and social media until late at night, which leads to drowsiness and reduced focus during lessons. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of all seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 11 Jambi City, totaling 352 students, with a sample of 175 respondents selected through stratified proportionate random sampling. Data were collected using the Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version (SAS-SV) questionnaire and a learning concentration questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods with Kendall’s tau-b test. The results showed that 84% of respondents experienced smartphone addiction, while 61.7% had a good level of learning concentration. Kendall’s tau-b test indicated a significant relationship between smartphone addiction and learning concentration (p-value = 0.000; r = 0.243), showing a weak association. Higher levels of smartphone addiction were linked to decreased learning concentration. Therefore, active involvement from schools and parents is needed to guide adolescents in managing stress and boredom positively.

Private vehicles are a frequently used mode of transportation because they are considered more practical. However, using private vehicles carries several risks, such as traffic accidents due to drivers losing focus on the road due to other activities, such as making calls on smartphones, drinking, or operating the radio. Approximately 90% of accidents are caused by human error. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a type of neural network commonly used on image data. CNN is often used for image classification due to its high performance and accuracy. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the performance of CNN for the classification of distracted driving activities. The results show that the CNN model is able to effectively classify images of distracted driving activities, with an accuracy of approximately 99% across all datasets and across all input image size variations. Furthermore, the results of this study also show that differences in right-hand and left-hand drive datasets do not significantly affect model accuracy. Variations in input image size also do not significantly affect model accuracy, but do affect the training duration.

This study seeks to examine the influence of brand image, product innovation, and lifestyle on purchasing decisions for iPhone smartphones among residents of Patumbak Village, Dusun V, Deli Serdang. Specifically, it aims to analyze the individual effect of brand image on purchasing decisions, the effect of product innovation on purchasing decisions, and the effect of lifestyle on purchasing decisions, as well as their combined impact. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach, utilizing questionnaires, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The population consists of 740 residents of Patumbak Village, Dusun V, and the sample of 88 respondents was determined using non-probability sampling with the Slovin formula. The collected data were processed and analyzed through multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 26.0. The findings indicate that the calculated F value (205.841) exceeds the F table value (2.71), demonstrating a significant simultaneous effect of brand image, product innovation, and lifestyle on purchasing decisions. Partially, brand image (t = 2.885), product innovation (t = 2.491), and lifestyle (t = 5.570) each show t-values greater than the t table value (1.662), confirming their significant individual influence. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.570 reveals that 57% of the variation in purchasing decisions is explained collectively by the three independent variables.

This community service program aims to enhance the capacity of UMKM Mentari Padangsari in developing visual content to strengthen branding and competitiveness. It is hoped that this training activity will have an impact on the development of MSMEs in Padangsari sub-district.The main problems faced by partners include limited skills in creating product photos, graphic designs, promotional videos, and managing social media consistently. The program was implemented through training, mentoring, and evaluation stages involving 14 UMKM actors in Padangsari Village, Semarang City. Training materials focused on product photography using smartphones, simple graphic design, short promotional videos, visual storytelling, and the use of digital platforms such as social media and Google Business are  considered very necessary in this era of rapid technological development. The results show increased knowledge and skills among UMKM actors in producing more attractive visual content, improving brand identity, and enhancing engagement on social media. This program contributes to strengthening UMKM competitiveness and supports sustainable digital-based marketing practices.

Adolescents are at greater risk of mental health conditions. Good or bad mental health conditions in adolescents cannot be separated from the factors that influence it. Factors that influence adolescent mental health include religiosity, smartphone addiction, parenting patterns and peer interaction. The aim of this research is to determine the mental health picture and predisposing factors in young women in Mekarbakti Village, Pamulihan District, Sumedang Regency. The type of research is descriptive, the population is 508 young women in Mekarbakti Village, Pamulihan District, Sumedang Regency. The sample was taken using stratified random sampling so that 84 people were obtained. Data collection is done by filling out a questionnaire. Data analysis uses univariate analysis in the form of frequency distribution.  The research results showed that more than half had good mental health, 52 people (61.9%), more than half had high religiosity, 49 people (58.3%). more than half of them are not addicted to smartphones as many as 48 people (57.1%), more than half have democratic parenting as many as 59 people (70.2%), more than half of them have high peer interaction as many as 48 people (57.1%). The conclusion was that more than half of young women's mental health was good, their religiosity was high, they were not addicted to smartphones, their parenting was democratic and their peer interaction was high. Suggestions for research sites could be to hold positive activities for young women, such as by encouraging more young people to take part in Karang Taruna activities

The rapid growth of internet access and digital device usage in Indonesia has made gadgets an inseparable part of students’ daily lives. While smartphones facilitate communication and access to information, excessive use—particularly before bedtime—has been associated with poor sleep quality. This quantitative correlational study aimed to identify the relationship between gadget use before sleep and sleep quality among students of SMK Yapim Sibiru-biru. A total of 110 students were selected purposively and asked to complete a structured questionnaire measuring gadget use duration, activity type, use of “Night Mode,” and various aspects of sleep quality. Data were analyzed using descriptive and Pearson correlation tests at a 0.05 significance level. Results showed that 87.5% of students used gadgets before sleep, with smartphones being the most common device. The majority (46.88%) reported using gadgets for 1–2 hours before bed, primarily for social media and entertainment. Most respondents slept between 10:00 p.m. and midnight, with an average sleep duration of 4–6 hours, lower than the recommended 7–9 hours. Statistical analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between gadget use duration and sleep quality—longer use was associated with poorer sleep. Additionally, low awareness of blue light filtering features exacerbated sleep problems such as insomnia and fatigue. These findings highlight the importance of behavioral interventions and sleep hygiene education to mitigate the adverse effects of nighttime gadget use. Recommended strategies include limiting screen time one hour before sleep, enabling “Night Mode,” and engaging in relaxing pre-sleep activities to promote better sleep quality and overall well-being

Gaya hidup remaja masa kini sangat erat kaitannya dengan penggunaan smartphone, di mana hampir seluruh remaja telah memiliki smartphone pribadi. Penggunaan smartphone yang tidak terkontrol berisiko menimbulkan kecanduan yang dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas hidup remaja. Kondisi ini berdampak pada status gizi yang tidak normal pada remaja, diantaranya kekurangan berat badan (underweight) maupun kelebihan berat badan (overweight). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan kecanduan smartphone terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh. Desain penelitian ini cross sectional dengan sampel 242 remaja usia 15-18 tahun dan menggunaan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version yang sudah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya dengan nilai cut off point kuesioner untuk laki-laki >31 dinyatakan kecanduan smartphone sedangkan untuk perempuan >33 dinyatakan kecanduan smartphone, selain itu dilakukan pengukuran IMT berdasarkan berat badan dan tinggi badan. Analisa data yang dilakukan menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square dengan uji alternatif Fisher Extract melalui SPSS versi 25. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu p-value (0,014 < 0,05) yang menunjukan terdapat hubungan antara kecanduan smartphone terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT).