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Food safety of fresh fish is an important concern because fish is highly perishable and may be misused with hazardous preservatives such as formalin. This study aimed to determine formalin content and analyze the relationship between length and weight of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and formalin levels in traditional markets of Gorontalo City. The study was conducted from January to February 2026 in five traditional markets, namely TPI Tenda, Moodu, Potanga, Andalas, and Sentral. Nile tilapia samples were analyzed using a formaldehyde test kit, and formalin levels were expressed in ppm. Total length and fish weight were measured, and the relationship between physical size and formalin content was analyzed using Pearson correlation. The results showed that all Nile tilapia samples tested positive for formalin, with concentrations ranging from 0.11 to 0.23 ppm. The highest formalin levels were found in TPI Tenda and Moodu, each at 0.23 ppm, while the lowest level was found in Sentral at 0.11 ppm. Fish length ranged from 19.43 to 25.61 cm, while fish weight ranged from 0.17 to 1.78 g. The correlations between length and formalin content and between weight and formalin content were both very strongly negative, with r = -0.97. These findings indicate that smaller fish tended to contain higher formalin levels. Market supervision, trader education, and formalin-free fish handling practices should be strengthened to protect consumer health.

Religious tourism in Palembang continues to grow through visits to historic mosques, sacred sites, and cultural heritage areas. These visits encourage local economic activities and create new livelihood opportunities for surrounding communities. This study assesses the role of religious tourism in improving the economic welfare of local residents. A descriptive quantitative approach was used. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and field observations involving 49 respondents consisting of traders, service providers, and local managers. The findings show that higher levels of tourist visits increase business opportunities and household income. Areas with frequent tourist activity experience stronger economic dynamics, supported by the growth of trading activities and service-based enterprises. Residents who have lived longer in the area show a stronger ability to adapt and benefit from emerging economic opportunities. Religious tourism generates positive economic impacts through income growth, expanded employment opportunities, and strengthened micro and small enterprises. Overall, religious tourism serves as a key driver of local economic development and supports community-based economic empowerment in Palembang City.

Jombok Village is one of the villages that receives assistance from the Family Hope Program in Ngoro District, Jombang Regency, with a total of 245 families distributed every two months based on predetermined criteria. The majority of people's work is as farmers and traders because it suits the skills of the local community. Livelihood conditions with an uncertain amount of income each month make it difficult to fulfill daily living needs. So children prefer to work to help the family economy rather than continue higher education. With the help of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in the education sector, it is hoped that it will be able to increase the educational participation rate of poor children and this assistance is also expected to be able to reduce the burden on household expenses. These limitations make it more difficult for them to find better and more stable jobs, leading to dependence on social assistance. The aims of this research are (1) to determine the influence of the income level of the head of the family on the educational level of children receiving the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency, (2) to determine the influence of the Family Hope Program on the educational level of children receiving the Family Hope Program (PKH). ) in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques use observation, questionnaires and documentation. The location of this research is Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency. The subjects in this research were recipients of the Family Hope Program (PKH) assistance who had dependent high school children. The data processing used in this research is validity testing, reliability testing, and classical assumption testing. The data analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that (1) The income level of the head of the family has a positive and significant effect on the education level of children receiving PKH in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency, which can be proven by obtaining a value of t count > t table (3,265 > 1,666) and a significance value smaller than 5 % (0.002 < 0.05) (2) The Family Hope Program has a positive and significant effect on the education level of children receiving PKH in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency which can be proven by obtaining a value of t count > t table (2.088 > 1.666) and a significance value of less than 5 % (0.041 < 0.05).

The management of traditional markets has the potential to create and expand employment opportunities, especially for workers who lack adequate skills and expertise to work in the formal sector due to their low level of education, and as a place of business, small traders have many strategic values. both from an economic and socio-cultural perspective. The purpose of this study was to determine market management in Gowa Regency, especially the Sungguminasa people's market. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The analysis in this study uses the theory proposed by Henry Fayol with the dimensions of Planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, controlling. The results showed that the lack of optimal supervision and firmness of the officers regarding the collection of market levies on kiosks and stalls, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, as well as the condition of the narrow market land resulted in street vendors not being accommodated. Lack of ineffective placement personnel became an inhibiting factor in socialization process to traders. The researcher's suggestion is that the Gowa Regency Industry and Trade Department should fix the market effectively and efficiently and increase market optimization, it is necessary to take steps to improve the quality and quantity of human resources and other supporting resources, so that traders are placed in appropriate places and it is hoped that the Gowa Regency Industry and Trade Department will pay more attention to the facilities provided. is around the market.

The management of traditional markets has the potential to create and expand employment opportunities,specially  for workers who lack adequate skills and expertise to work in the formal sector due to their low level of  education,and as a place of business, small traders have many strategic values. both from an economic and socio-cultural perspective. The purpose of this study was to determine market management in Gowa Regency, especially the Sungguminasa people's market. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The analysis in this study uses the theory proposed by Henry Fayol with the dimensions of planning,organizing,commanding,koordinating, controlling. The results showed that the lack of optimal supervision and firmness of the officers regarding the collection of market levies on kiosks and stalls, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, as well as the condition of the narrow market land resulted in street vendors not being accommodated. Lack of ineffective placement personnel became an inhibiting factor in socialization process to traders. The researcher's suggestion is that the Gowa Regency Industry and Trade Department should fix the market effectively and efficiently and increase market optimization, it is necessary to take steps to improve the quality and quantity of human resources and other supporting resources, so that traders are placed in appropriate places and it is hoped that the Gowa Regency Industry and Trade Department will pay more attention to the facilities provided. is around the market