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Food safety of fresh fish is an important concern because fish is highly perishable and may be misused with hazardous preservatives such as formalin. This study aimed to determine formalin content and analyze the relationship between length and weight of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and formalin levels in traditional markets of Gorontalo City. The study was conducted from January to February 2026 in five traditional markets, namely TPI Tenda, Moodu, Potanga, Andalas, and Sentral. Nile tilapia samples were analyzed using a formaldehyde test kit, and formalin levels were expressed in ppm. Total length and fish weight were measured, and the relationship between physical size and formalin content was analyzed using Pearson correlation. The results showed that all Nile tilapia samples tested positive for formalin, with concentrations ranging from 0.11 to 0.23 ppm. The highest formalin levels were found in TPI Tenda and Moodu, each at 0.23 ppm, while the lowest level was found in Sentral at 0.11 ppm. Fish length ranged from 19.43 to 25.61 cm, while fish weight ranged from 0.17 to 1.78 g. The correlations between length and formalin content and between weight and formalin content were both very strongly negative, with r = -0.97. These findings indicate that smaller fish tended to contain higher formalin levels. Market supervision, trader education, and formalin-free fish handling practices should be strengthened to protect consumer health.

This study aims to know the management of the Mosque Prosperity Board (BKM) of At- Tawwabin Mosque, Jalan Pimpinan, Medan City, in community economic empowerment. The background of this research is based on the need to optimize the function of mosques not only as places of ritual worship but also as centers of social and economic empowerment. In practice, the management of mosque assets such as parking areas and the organization of Ramadan stalls has become a strategic effort implemented by BKM to improve the welfare of the surrounding community. However, the implementation of these policies also creates social dynamics that require professional and equitable management.This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with the chairman and administrators of BKM, parking attendants, and Ramadan stall traders, as well as documentation of mosque activities. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, supported by triangulation techniques to ensure data validity.The findings indicate that the management of BKM At-Tawwabin has implemented planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling functions in managing mosque-based economic programs. Parking management provides employment opportunities for local residents, while Ramadan stalls significantly increase the income of small traders during the holy month. Overall, participatory and structured management enables the mosque to function not only as a center of worship but also as a center of economic empowerment that contributes meaningfully to community welfare.

This study aims to analyze the comparison of small business development strategies in improving the income of traders in traditional markets around Medan City. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach using interviews, observations, and documentation involving three traders of fruit, vegetables, and tomatoes. The results show that each trader applies different strategies depending on the characteristics of their commodities and business capacity. Fruit and tomato traders tend to implement quality sorting, price adjustments, and trust-building through honest customer service. Meanwhile, the vegetable trader relies more on traditional approaches such as giving bonuses to customers. Market facilities significantly influence the effectiveness of business strategies, where traders with proper stalls are better able to maintain income stability compared to those using temporary tents in muddy and uncomfortable areas. Seasonal factors also strongly affect income fluctuation as they determine the quality and supply of commodities. This study concludes that small business development strategies in traditional markets are shaped not only by traders’ managerial abilities but also by market infrastructure conditions and external environmental factors. It is recommended that market managers improve market facilities to support the sustainability of small traders’ businesses.

Religious tourism in Palembang continues to grow through visits to historic mosques, sacred sites, and cultural heritage areas. These visits encourage local economic activities and create new livelihood opportunities for surrounding communities. This study assesses the role of religious tourism in improving the economic welfare of local residents. A descriptive quantitative approach was used. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and field observations involving 49 respondents consisting of traders, service providers, and local managers. The findings show that higher levels of tourist visits increase business opportunities and household income. Areas with frequent tourist activity experience stronger economic dynamics, supported by the growth of trading activities and service-based enterprises. Residents who have lived longer in the area show a stronger ability to adapt and benefit from emerging economic opportunities. Religious tourism generates positive economic impacts through income growth, expanded employment opportunities, and strengthened micro and small enterprises. Overall, religious tourism serves as a key driver of local economic development and supports community-based economic empowerment in Palembang City.

This research is motivated by the lack of UMKM Development Strategy by the Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperatives and Trade in Tambaksari Village, Ciamis Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine how the umkm development strategy by the cooperative office of small and medium enterprises and trade in Tambaksari village, Ciamis Regency. The research method used is qualitative research with descriptive analysis.  The results showed that the umkm development strategy by the Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperatives and Trade was not optimal, because there were obstacles, namely the lack of purchasing power of the community, the relatively small income of traders, and there was nothing from the Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperatives and Trade related to business capital for business actors. This research can make umkm develop more widely and sustainably and can provide benefits and understanding of umkm development strategies by the Office of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises and Trade.

This study aims to examine and compare the expenditure and income patterns between traditional market traders in Sukaramai Market and MMTC with street vendors operating around the State University of Medan (UNIMED). This study is based on the main differences between the two groups, especially related to business legality, sales location, and operational costs, which have the potential to affect business effectiveness and the economic welfare of the actors. The comparative quantitative method was used to collect data through questionnaires and Simple Random Sampling sampling techniques on 45 respondents, consisting of 30 market traders and 15 street vendors. The collected data were then analyzed using statistical inference techniques to obtain accurate and reliable parameter estimates. The results of the study show that market traders have an average income of IDR 9.37 million with expenses of IDR 6.7 million per month, so that the net profit obtained reaches IDR 2.67 million. Meanwhile, street vendors have an average income of IDR 7.2 million and expenses of IDR 5.53 million, so that their net profit is around IDR 1.67 million. Although market traders' expenses are higher, they still get a greater net profit. This study confirms that business location, legality, and management system factors significantly affect the efficiency and economic success of traders. This finding is very relevant as a basis for formulating fair and sustainable policies for empowering the informal sector, especially for small and micro traders in urban areas, in order to optimally improve their economic welfare.

The aim of this research is to find out marketing channels, marketing margins, as well as watermelon marketing efficiency. Respondents were taken using a simple random method and for marketing institution respondents using snowball sampling), where the data was initially small and then became large by following the marketing flow from farmer to final consumer, there were 40 farmers (respondents) and 4 traders (respondents). ).  Data analysis uses quantitative descriptive, the data collected is analyzed to determine the marketing channels, marketing magin and efficiency obtained by each marketing institution. The results of this research are 3 (three) marketing channels for watermelon, namely marketing channel I farmer - consumer, marketing channel II farmer - retailer - consumer, and marketing channel III farmer - collector - retailer - consumer. The largest total marketing margin is in marketing channel III with a margin of Rp. 4500 with marketing efficiency of 8.7%. Marketing channel I is the most efficient marketing channel because it does not involve institutions marketing.

Firms big and small that can weather the economic storm will be able to hire more people and put more people out of poverty. Lacking proper asset segregation, small and medium-sized firms in Medan's Kampung Baru, Maimun District, tend to skimp on accounting. Intuition and expertise continue to guide the decision-making process for the majority of these heavy traders. One goal of PKM in basic accounting courses for SMBs is to teach students how to perform accounting in a way that is both methodical and crucial for measuring revenue, expenses, and profits. to keep up with the company's progress. In the Medan Maimun District of Kampung Baru Village, there are three steps to carrying out community service: conducting interviews and field observations, training, and mentoring and monitoring. Increased work motivation is one possible outcome of this activity's success in expanding participants' understanding of basic accounting and bookkeeping principles and practices.

This study aims to determine the effect of Indomaret on the income of small traders in Pabiringa Village, Jeneponto Regency. The method used is simple linear regression analysis with the F Test, and the data is processed using SPSS version 18. The results show that there is a significant influence between the existence of Indomaret on the income of small traders, with a linear equation Y = 2.170 + 0.039X. The coefficient of determination (R square) of 0.551 indicates the strength of the influence.    

This study aims to analyze the marketing system of live pigs at Gokat Market, which is one of the centers of pig trade in Indonesia. This analysis includes marketing channels, factors that influence prices, and the relationship between demand and supply of live pigs. The method used in this study is descriptive with a qualitative approach, involving interviews with farmers, traders, and other related parties at Gokat Market. The results of the study indicate that marketing of live pigs involves several channels, ranging from small farmers, collectors, to large traders who sell to end consumers or slaughterhouses. The price of pigs is influenced by the quality of livestock, market demand, and economic conditions, as well as fluctuations in the price of animal feed. The demand for pork is highly dependent on seasonal factors and celebrations, while supply is influenced by the number of farmers and the health conditions of livestock. Regulations also affect market stability and livestock prices. This study concludes that marketing of live pigs at Gokat Market has complex dynamics, where various external and internal factors affect the smooth distribution and selling price of live pigs. Cooperation is needed between farmers, traders, and the government to create a more efficient and sustainable marketing system.    

Jombok Village is one of the villages that receives assistance from the Family Hope Program in Ngoro District, Jombang Regency, with a total of 245 families distributed every two months based on predetermined criteria. The majority of people's work is as farmers and traders because it suits the skills of the local community. Livelihood conditions with an uncertain amount of income each month make it difficult to fulfill daily living needs. So children prefer to work to help the family economy rather than continue higher education. With the help of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in the education sector, it is hoped that it will be able to increase the educational participation rate of poor children and this assistance is also expected to be able to reduce the burden on household expenses. These limitations make it more difficult for them to find better and more stable jobs, leading to dependence on social assistance. The aims of this research are (1) to determine the influence of the income level of the head of the family on the educational level of children receiving the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency, (2) to determine the influence of the Family Hope Program on the educational level of children receiving the Family Hope Program (PKH). ) in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques use observation, questionnaires and documentation. The location of this research is Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency. The subjects in this research were recipients of the Family Hope Program (PKH) assistance who had dependent high school children. The data processing used in this research is validity testing, reliability testing, and classical assumption testing. The data analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that (1) The income level of the head of the family has a positive and significant effect on the education level of children receiving PKH in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency, which can be proven by obtaining a value of t count > t table (3,265 > 1,666) and a significance value smaller than 5 % (0.002 < 0.05) (2) The Family Hope Program has a positive and significant effect on the education level of children receiving PKH in Jombok Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency which can be proven by obtaining a value of t count > t table (2.088 > 1.666) and a significance value of less than 5 % (0.041 < 0.05).

This service aims to assist Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) traders in increasing sales and managing their finances through the introduction of financial technology (fintech) and the utilization of the Facebook Marketplace e-commerce platform. This service was carried out in response to the challenges faced by MSMEs in the digital era, especially in the aspects of increasing sales and efficiency of financial management. This service activity involves direct training and assistance to MSME players in Wanayasa District, Banjarnegara Regency. The stages of training activities include 1) survey 2) training and mentoring 3) results and evaluation. This training activity is an introduction to the basics of fintech, how to access and utilize fintech services for financial management, as well as marketing and sales strategies through Facebook Marketplace. The results of this activity show an increase in the ability of MSME traders to use fintech to better manage their finances, including in terms of transaction recording, cash flow management, and access to digital financial services. In addition, the merchants also succeeded in increasing the visibility and sales of their products through Facebook Marketplace.Thus, the introduction of fintech and the utilization of Facebook Marketplace are proven to support the optimization of sales and financial management of MSMEs.

Honey is a natural and usually sweet-tasting liquid manifested by honeybees (Apis sp) from plant flower juice (flower nectar) or other plant parts. Marketing channel is a flow of various institutions that perform all activities used as a tool to distribute a good and ownership that starts from the producer and ends at the end user. This research was conducted to find out and describe the honey marketing channels and analyze the efficiency of honey marketing channels in Al Halif Pure Honey Bee MSMEs in Manonjaya, Tasikmalaya Regency. This research was conducted at Al Halif Pure Honey Bee MSME in Manonjaya, Tasikmalaya Regency. The analysis method used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that there are two honey marketing channels, namely marketing channel I: Beekeepers - Wholesalers (MSME Al Halif Pure Honey Bee)) - End Consumers and Beekeepers receive a large amount obtained is 53% of the price of the wholesaler level, marketing channel II: Beekeepers - Wholesalers (MSME Al Halif Pure Honey Bees) - Small Traders (Retailers) - End Consumers, beekeepers receive a large amount obtained is 45% of the price of the small trader level. Honey marketing channels with efficient criteria with a channel efficiency value I of 8.88% and marketing channel II of 6.8%.

This research aims to determine the community's response to the implementation of controlling illegal traders in the parking area of ​​Pasar Larangan Sidoarjo. The research results show that the public has various views on controlling illegal traders. Most people disagree because it is not effective in overcoming parking problems in market areas, because not only illegal traders but also illegal parking disturbs the surrounding community. Based on 2020 Kompas data, illegal parking violations involved 56,902 vehicles and were dominated by motorbikes. From data from the East Java Province Central Statistics Agency, the number of motorized vehicles from 2018 - 2020 continues to increase. There were around 1,636,032 in 2018, then 1,750,445 in 2019, and increased to 1,808,754 in 2020. The number of vehicles is certainly not comparable to the parking space provided by the Sidoarjo Prohibition market. Apart from that, a small portion of the community still supports enforcement to reduce chaos, increase comfort and order in the market area. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of a more effective strategy in overcoming the problem of illegal traders in the Sidoarjo prohibited market parking area.    

  In marketing, watermelon will undergo a marketing process and experience changes in prices at the producer level and prices at the end consumer, resulting in differences in the price of watermelon between producers and consumers. This makes marketing a very important activity. The aim of this research is to determine marketing channels, margins and marketing efficiency. The population in this study was 140 watermelon farmers. The sample was determined using the Slovin method, so that the selected respondents were 34 watermelon farmers and the sample of trader respondents was 5 people, namely 2 village collectors, 1 wholesaler and 2 retailers. The analytical tools used are descriptive analysis, margin analysis and efficiency analysis. The research results show that there are 2 marketing channel patterns for watermelon in Waihatu Village, namely: marketing channel I farmer-retailer-final consumer, while marketing channel II farmer-village collector-wholesaler-retailer-final consumer. The highest total marketing margin is in marketing channel I, namely IDR 2,000/kg, while the lowest total margin is in marketing channel II, namely IDR 1,000/kg. In conclusion, both marketing channels are classified as efficient, marketing channel II with an efficiency value of 12.21 percent and marketing channel I with the smallest efficiency value, namely 3.34 percent.

The research aims to determine the impact of PT. Bintan Karisma Pratama which is located on Telang Island, Mantang District, Bintan Regency in the Riau Islands Province, on community life in Telang Kecil village with economic and social aspects of community life and how this PT contributes to local or local communities after the compensation assistance provided by PT for the Telang Kecil community, this research uses qualitative methods, namely in the form of interview and observation techniques or field studies, as well as literature studies to support the results of this research. The impact of PT Bintan Karisma Pratama on the environment of the people of Telang Kecil does not have a serious impact because the PT has first assessed the location area where it wants to be established and has followed the rules of the decision-making process regarding business and activity organizers or what is known as AMDAL, the marine environment of Telang Kecil is also categorized. Clean, local people are able to take good care of the marine environment. The majority of their livelihoods are fishermen and others work as workers at Pt  Bintan Karisma Pratama, wives work as housewives and there are also those who work as small traders or small food and beverage businesses.

The study of the Social and Economic Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Fruit Traders in Curup District, Rejang Lebong Regency, aims to analyze the social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on fruit traders and analyze the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on fruit traders in Curup District. This research was conducted in February - March 2022 in Curup District, Rejang Lebong Regency, with the consideration that in Curup District is part of the livelihood as a livelihood and includes quite a lot of fruit traders. The analytical method used in this study is the Wilcoxon signed rank test analysis method, using the SPSS Statistics for windows software as a tool. Processed using excel software. The results showed that the impact of changes in social behavior and maintaining cleanliness that occurred to traders in Curup District, it has been tested that the indicator variables before and before the covid-19 pandemic on changes in attitude and maintaining cleanliness experienced a significant decrease from 0.05, meaning that there was a change between before and before the COVID-19 pandemic. The economic impact has been tested on indicators of changes in income before and before the covid-19 pandemic, the value of which is small from 0.05, which means there is a change, the covid-19 pandemic situation has a negative impact on economic traders causing a decrease in the monthly average

The traditional cake trading business is a type of business in the culinary sector that sells food in the form of cakes with certain cultural characteristics, both on a small scale (MSMEs) and on a large scale (parties). To be able to maintain the sustainability and development of the traditional cake trading business, a way is needed to distribute raw materials and make a profit. Therefore, an appropriate technique or method is very necessary in managing the raw materials for the products to be produced. In this research, the simplex method was used and by utilizing current AI technology, namely the use of TORA tools and comparing it with manual calculations to predict the maximum profit that can be obtained from each production by traditional cake traders within a period of one day, so as to have an accurate calculation estimate. . The result of calculating the maximum profit in a day is IDR 2,950.00.

This study aims to analyze the corn agribusiness supply chain in Sigi Regency, precisely in Sidondo Village. The paradigm in this study is the constructivism paradigm. A qualitative descriptive approach is used in this study. This research requires 15 informants consisting of Farmers, Fertilizer Providers, Seed Providers, Collectors, Wholesalers, Small Traders, Consumers. The data collection process was carried out by direct field interviews with informants. The data analysis method used is the Nvivo 12 Plus software. The results of this study indicate that the sweet corn agribusiness supply chain in Sidondo Village is included in the Upstream Supply Chain, Internal Supply Chain, and Downstream Supply Chain routes. The results of this study indicate that the upstream supply chain is related to the activity of providing corn seeds and the provision of corn fertilizer to corn farmers, the internal supply chain is related to the corn production process from planting to post-harvest, and the downstream supply chain is related to the distribution of crops up to the end consumers. The effectiveness and efficiency of the sweet corn agribusiness supply chain in Sidondo Village has been running well and smoothly. There is already coordination, information sharing, communication, and flexibility in corn agribusiness in Sigi District, Sidondo Village.

QRIS is a non-cash payment instrument in the form of a QR code developed by Bank Indonesia and the Indonesian Payment Association. With the existence of QRIS, Bank Indonesia hopes to facilitate public transactions and not be left behind by technology. As a Muslim community, especially in Pasar Atas, Bukittinggi, we must understand how the law uses QRIS. because everything we do must be based and not deviate from the teachings of Islam. The aim of this research is to find out how the effectiveness of using the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) in buying and selling transactions at Pasar Atas Kota Bukittinggi is viewed from an Islamic economic perspective. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data through interviews with traders and buyers who shop at Pasar Atas Kota Bukittinggi. The results of this study indicate that QRIS users receive many benefits, such as facilitating transactions, not having difficulty finding small money, reducing the spread of counterfeit money, not reducing the value of money and there are still many benefits received by QRIS users. Therefore it can be said that QRIS is more effective.