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Increasing police accountability and professionalism is critical in addressing abuses of authority within law enforcement institutions. These issues have become a major concern, especially when abuses undermine public trust and the integrity of law enforcement agencies. To overcome these challenges, a comprehensive approach that includes both preventive and repressive measures is necessary. Preventive efforts such as ethics education, professional training, and mental development programs are essential in cultivating a culture of integrity and professionalism within the police force. These initiatives help officers to better understand their responsibilities, adhere to ethical standards, and manage the psychological demands of their roles. On the other hand, repressive efforts, including law enforcement and the imposition of strict sanctions for violations, act as deterrents to unethical behavior. The effective enforcement of laws and policies is critical in holding officers accountable and ensuring that those who abuse their power are appropriately disciplined. Analyzing the implementation of ethics in police duties and the factors that either support or hinder both internal and external supervision is also necessary. By identifying weaknesses in the existing system, law enforcement agencies can better target areas that need reform. Furthermore, strengthening transparency within the police force and reforming the supervision system are crucial steps toward building public trust. Public participation in external supervision mechanisms is also a key factor. When citizens are actively involved in oversight, it fosters a sense of accountability and encourages police officers to act with more responsibility. In conclusion, by adopting an evaluation-based approach and pursuing reforms aimed at enhancing accountability and professionalism, police institutions can improve their effectiveness. These reforms will promote fairer, more transparent, and responsible law enforcement, ultimately leading to greater public confidence in the police and their ability to perform their duties justly.

Fintech or financial technology is an alternative path in the financial sector based on information technology. Fintech as an innovation from electronic financing institutions provides many benefits, but on the other hand there are also weaknesses that are still a problem in society, namely data leakage in the fintech system which is implemented electronically. One of the companies that experienced a data leak is PT Fintech Cermati. In Indonesian regulations, preventive and repressive efforts against data leaks have been regulated in OJK Regulation (POJK) Number 77 of 2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Money Lending Services and Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection which regulates the Company's obligations in maintaining the confidentiality of its consumer data. This study aims to determine the extent of compliance and responsibility of PT Fintech Cermati for the protection of its consumers' personal data. The research method used in this study is descriptive analytical, namely against data that has been collected as completely as possible through secondary data from relevant literature sources to be discussed and explained systematically with primary data in the form of literature studies with an analytical concept approach method. The results of this study indicate that the company's obligation to comply with the provisions of Article 16 of the PDP Law in conjunction with Article 26 and Article 28 of POJK 77/2016 concerning maintaining the confidentiality of personal and company data can be held accountable in civil and criminal matters.

The world has entered the era of modernization and affects increasingly sophisticated technology and information, but this has resulted in many individuals who abuse the internet as a means of committing crimes, one of which often occurs is cyberbullying  or (cyberbullying). The crime of cyberbullying  has been regulated in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning the ITE Law and the Criminal Code (KUHP) which is elaborated to become the basis for authorized law enforcement in enforcement efforts. This research is an empirical juridic research. The location of the research in the East Nusa Tenggara regional police area, the data collection method is by interviews, documentation studies and observations. The collected data is then analyzed and then presented in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the research on law enforcement through 2 stages, among others, preventive efforts and repressive efforts, then inhibiting factors in law enforcement, among others, limited budget and tools for investigation and investigation so that it is difficult to find evidence if the perpetrator uses a fake account without personal data or phone number, besides that Article 74 of the Criminal Code has regulated the expiration of the complaint offense so that the victim must immediately report the crime he has experienced. As for the suggestion, it is hoped that the consistent active role of law enforcers to socialize rules and ethics in the use of social media and maximize law enforcement efforts for perpetrators of criminal acts to the court stage. The government can make a special formula related to the expiration of complaints for cyberbullying  cases in the ITE Law. It is hoped that the public will have a high legal awareness in the use of social media so as to prevent criminal acts committed through cyberspace.    

The judge's decision is a vital aspect needed to resolve criminal cases. The judge's authority and power are so great in deciding cases that result in disparities in verdicts in cases where the weight of the crime is the same, namely cases of sexual violence against children. This research is an empirical juridical research, so the data sources used are primary data sources, secondary data sources and tertiary data sources. Primary data sources are obtained through the results of research in the field, secondary data is obtained through literature, laws, and other literature, and tertiary data is obtained through dictionaries, mass media, and the internet. The data were analyzed in a descriptive-qualitative manner. The results of the study show that: (1) the factors that cause the disparity in punishment for perpetrators of sexual violence are internal factors and external factors of judges. (2) efforts to overcome disparities in the verdicts of sexual violence crimes which include repressive efforts and preventive efforts.

This study aims to find out and analyze the regional responsibility for the development of fulan fehan natural tourism in Belu Regency. This study is a normative judicial research using a case approach and a conceptual approach that uses primary data in the form of interviews from 30 research respondents and secondary data in the form of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study show that (1) The influence of infrastructure on the development of fulan fehan natural tourism is very important. Infrastructure that must always be considered so that visitors feel happy and always interested in visiting these tourist attractions such as roads and rest areas. (2) The Belu Regency government's efforts to develop Fulan Fehan natural tourism in Belu Regency are divided into several efforts, namely preventive efforts, repressive efforts, tourism promotion efforts and tourism improvement efforts.  

This study examines the enforcement of criminal law against child violence in the jurisdiction of the Jambi City Police Sector through a preventive and repressive approach. Children are the next generation of the nation who have the right to be protected from all forms of violence. Unfortunately, cases of violence against children still occur frequently, so effective law enforcement is needed to protect them. This study uses the theory of legal sociology to understand the relationship between law and social reality in the context of child protection. The research method used is qualitative, with data obtained through interviews and document analysis. Informants were selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. The results of the study show that preventive efforts, such as socialization and education involving the Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Office (DP3A), have succeeded in increasing public awareness of child violence. On the other hand, repressive efforts are carried out strictly, where perpetrators of child violence who are proven guilty are subject to criminal sanctions in accordance with Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. However, challenges remain, especially related to the low reporting of cases of violence due to the culture of silence in the community. Stronger synergy between the government, the community, and law enforcement is needed to create a safer environment for children.

The crime of illegal sand mining is a problem that requires the attention of various parties. The current phenomenon is that illegal mining is rampant among individuals and companies. Based on data from the Central Lampung Police, illegal mining crimes occur every year, while data from Walhi Lampung and the Environmental Service shows that there are still very few mining activities that have IUPs. This shows that illegal mining crime is a problem that must be handled by various elements. The research method used is a Normative Juridical and Empirical Juridical approach. Sources and types of data in research were obtained from field studies with interviews and literature studies. This research was conducted at the Central Lampung Police, lecturers at the Faculty of Law, Unila University, Walhi Lampung, and the Environmental Service. The results of this research describe that the police do not only focus on law enforcement, but also focus on preventative efforts to tackle illegal mining crimes. Even though Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining, the Police does not contain the authority of the Police in mining crimes. However, the police as the front guard of law enforcement officials must make countermeasures. This includes pre-emptive efforts to identify potential risks that cause illegal mining to occur. Monitoring efforts are carried out actively and periodically and are routinely used as an effort to detect potential crimes before they develop into real crimes. The preventive approach involves outreach and education activities in areas where there is potential for mining to increase public awareness about the negative impacts of illegal mining crimes. Then the last one is repressive efforts as a form of providing legal certainty

Talking about victims of crime in general, of course, victims are individuals. In a criminal act, the victim is the party who is harmed by the perpetrator of the crime, both materially and immaterially. This greatly affects the psychological condition of the victim, not to mention the complicated judicial process that makes the victim a very disadvantaged party to the laws and regulations under it.  The position of victims in the practice of criminal procedure law is relatively less considered because the provisions of Indonesian law still rely on protection for the perpetrator (offender oriented). Normative legal research is in the form of library research and written documents as data sourced from secondary data including primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The nature of this research is descriptive analysis.  The data obtained in this research will be analyzed qualitatively in accordance with the specifications of the nature of the research to examine between theory and practice in legal protection of victims of criminal acts. To solve the existing problems and then draw a conclusion by utilizing the data collected through interviews and document studies, the results of this study were first analyzed using qualitative analysis. The Criminal Code (KUHP) has implicitly provided protection for victims of crime with all efforts to fulfill rights and provide assistance to provide security to victims who must be implemented by the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) or other institutions in accordance with the provisions. As it is known that the KUHAP is not too optimal because there are more victims like the position of the perpetrator which results in a legal vacuum, and in the context of protecting victims of crime, there are preventive and repressive efforts made, both by the community and the government (through law enforcement officials). Another thing that is noted that in the Law on Witness and Victim Protection is the absence of coercive efforts regarding compensation from the perpetrator to the victim, namely not regulating the payment of compensation from the perpetrator to the witness or victim, even though the victim as a witness who is harmed by someone's unlawful actions, but is not protected.

This research aims to determine criminal acts of fraud with the motive of counterfeiting Qris Barcodes in terms of the aspect of prevention through the Indonesian Criminal Law. This research is normative research which is analyzed descriptively, using a law and case approach. The results of the research are that regulations regarding criminal acts of fraud are generally regulated in Article 378 of the Criminal Code, and to strengthen the legal basis it can be accommodated through Article 35 of Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. As a special law, the ITE Law is at least a guideline and legal basis for members of the public in carrying out activities in the online world. Overcoming the occurrence of criminal acts of online fraud is carried out with preventive (non-penal) and repressive (penal) efforts. Repressive efforts in this case are regulated based on Article 35 of the ITE Law and Article 378 of the Criminal Code. Meanwhile, preventive efforts are carried out by taking precautions so that criminal acts of online fraud can be minimized without applying criminal law, but rather by carrying out preventive efforts before the criminal act occurs, such as improving the community's economy, socializing to the public how to use the internet properly and the characteristics of electronic transaction-based criminal acts of fraud.

Based on the results of the study, the transaction mode is the most often used mode in the act of circulating and counterfeiting money and economic factors are the main factors for a person to commit the crime of counterfeiting money, as well as efforts made by the police in preventing and exposing the crime of counterfeiting. The transaction mode is the mode most often used by rupiah counterfeiters because this mode is easy to circulate counterfeit money. Economic factors are the most important factor for perpetrators to commit the crime of counterfeiting rupiah. Because the economy is squeezed, someone commits a crime to meet their economic needs. The efforts made by the Gorontalo City Police to prevent the occurrence of rupiah counterfeiting crimes are pursued with three efforts, namely preventive efforts, premative efforts, and repressive efforts. The crime of counterfeiting rupiah is a criminal act in which it contains a system of untruthfulness or falsehood of something (object) that appears from the outside as if it is true, when in fact it is contrary to the real thing that is called the crime of counterfeiting, including currency counterfeiting. The legal basis of money and currency is Law Number. 7 of 2011 concerning Currency, which was promulgated in the Statute Book of the Republic of Indonesia Year 2011 Number. 64 and Supplement to the Statute Book of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5223 This research was conducted to find out the factors and modes of the perpetrators of a criminal act of counterfeiting money in Gorontalo City and to find out the efforts made by the relevant legal parties in an effort to prevent the occurrence of the crime of counterfeiting rupiah money in Gorontalo City.

Indonesia needs to get rid of terrorism once and for all. This journal aims to describe and analyze using the approach of various efforts to counter terrorism crimes in Indonesia. The research method used in this study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to present an overview of terrorism and several strategies to combat this crime in Indonesia. The formulation of the problem based on the description of the background above is as follows: what are the factors of terrorism crimes in Indonesia and how to overcome terrorism crimes in Indonesia. Terrorism is a disturbing phenomenon. Efforts to counter terrorism crimes carried out by the Government are implemented through repressive efforts. There are five factors that cause terrorism crimes in Indonesia, namely: tribalism, nationalism/separatism, poverty and inequality and globalization, non-democracy, violations of human dignity and religious radicalism.  

Development is one way to create people's welfare. Therefore, the results of development must be able to be enjoyed by all people as a form of increasing physical and spiritual welfare in a fair and equitable manner. To stimulate economic growth and focus investment policies, the government is aggressively creating Special Economic Zones (KEK) in various regions. It is hoped that people can feel the maximum benefits. Batam City has a strategic location, one of which is Rempang Island which has a lot of potential that can be developed, both in the tourism, economic and social sectors. However, there are misunderstandings between local communities and the government, giving rise to quite serious conflicts due to territorial struggles. So there is a need for efforts to protect the rights of people affected by the clearing of land for investment purposes on Rempang Island, Batam, which can be done with preventive efforts, repressive efforts or prosecution efforts. So this research uses normative juridical research methods, namely focusing on the analysis of doctrine, norms and the application of certain legal principles in dealing with certain legal subjects. With a statutory regulation approach and conceptualization method, it uses technical analysis of legal materials to solve frozen problems.

The existence of the police is essential in overcoming criminal acts of terrorism, because the police are structured in such a way from the regions to the center and are also in accordance with the duties and functions of the police in creating public security and enforcing the law. The problem raised in this research is: what are the steps taken by the National Police in tackling criminal acts of financing terrorism? What are the obstacles to the National Police in dealing with criminal acts of terrorism?This research is directed towards normative, or doctrinal, juridical legal research which is also referred to as library research or document study, because it is mostly carried out on secondary data in libraries. The results of the research and discussion explain the role of the National Police in overcoming criminal acts of terrorism, namely maintaining public security and order, which is a dynamic condition of society as one of the prerequisites for implementing the national development process in order to achieve national goals which are characterized by ensuring security, order and the rule of law, as well as fostering it. peace, which contains the ability to foster and develop the potential and strength of society in warding off, preventing and overcoming all forms of law violations and other forms of disturbance that can disturb society. The National Police's efforts to tackle terrorism include repressive efforts, preventive efforts and preemptive efforts. The obstacle for the National Police in tackling terrorism is that it is hampered by the synergy of cross-sectoral cooperation, namely between the police, regional government and other related agencies.    

This research discusses the causes of the crime of transporting black stone in the jurisdiction of the Gorontalo Regional Police and efforts to overcome it. The method used in the research is empirical with qualitative descriptive data analysis which describes and describes data and field facts. Based on research results, Gorontalo is in 5th position in the province with the highest poverty; and The lack of public understanding and knowledge regarding mining, where the lack of public knowledge, influences the existence of illegal mining. This situation is based on a lack of education and understanding as the main factors in the community's decision to carry out illegal mining actions, including a lack of socialization and legal education to the community. The prevention of criminal acts of transporting black stone by the Gorontalo Regional Police is carried out through initial efforts made by the police, in this case the Gorontalo Regional Police, namely visiting or visiting the community and providing advice regarding mining activities. Apart from that, conduct patrols in mining areas for early handling, especially checking permits for heavy vehicles used in mining areas, including transport vehicles. Not only that, legal counseling and socialization is also carried out to the community as a first step in overcoming this criminal act; and Repressive Efforts by taking action against the perpetrators, in order to have a deterrent effect. This step is carried out through investigations, inquiries and other coercive measures authorized by law, which end with the application of criminal sanctions against the perpetrators.

This research aims to analyze the factors that cause criminal acts of embezzlement of ownership of land rights. The research method used in this research is empirical legal research using data collection techniques through direct observation and interviews with the litigants. The results of the research show that the factors that cause criminal acts of embezzlement of ownership of land rights include economic factors, lack of the concern of land owners regarding the wealth they own, the ignorance of the victim's heirs regarding land ownership, the current high price of land has resulted in people starting to look for their land, as well as the factor of selling or exchanging land at that time using a belief system, resulting in the transfer of land rights. there is no evidence of the land. Overcoming criminal acts of embezzlement of ownership of land rights in three ways: preemptive efforts, preventive efforts and repressive efforts, namely by taking more potential steps to avoid conflicts in the land sector..

The research discusses the factors causing drug abuse cases and their countermeasures in Pohuwato Regency. The method used in the research is empirical with qualitative descriptive data analysis that describes and describes reality data in the field. Based on the results of the study, that the factors that cause drug abuse cases in Pohuwato Regency are internally derived from within a person. Where the inability to adjust and weak self-confidence so that the perpetrator is unable to control the desire to try and have experience with drugs that are expected to overcome the mental pressure he experiences. The pressure in question comes from family circumstances that are less supportive (not harmonious) and indifferent to one's self-development. In addition, there are external factors, namely the promiscuity of the perpetrator, social and work environment factors, economic problems and easy access for the perpetrator. Police Countermeasures against Drug Crimes in Pohuwato Regency are carried out by conducting Early Prevention or Pre-emtif efforts by conducting searches regarding the causes or drivers, to the opportunities for the use of these illegal drugs. Early prevention is carried out through education that aims to create awareness and vigilance, by distributing banners and advertising banners and invitations not to use drugs in agencies and public service places including in the school environment. Preventive efforts with socialization and counseling, supervision of narcotics trafficking traffic both at the port and land which is the entry point for migrants in Pohuwato district.  In addition, this supervision is also carried out routinely in places where transactions are usually held, for example nightclubs and locations where teenagers usually gather, and conduct operations or patrols or raids. Repressive efforts as the last step to take firm action against the perpetrator by imposing sanctions, as well as the implementation of rehabilitation involving various elements.

Narcotics abuse is a very dangerous thing, because in addition to having an impact on the user's personal self, he will become addicted and his life will depend on narcotic substances, which if not prevented (treated), the type of narcotics that will be used will become stronger. and the larger the dose. Recidivism is the behavior of a person who repeats criminal acts after being sentenced by a judge's decision which has permanent legal force because of criminal acts that have been committed previously. The problem approach used is an empirical juridical method supported by a normative juridical approach. The data collection technique is that primary data is obtained through interviews with research subjects and secondary data is collected by reviewing through literature studies such as statutory regulations, books or literature, and journals. Data analysis uses qualitative data analysis. The factors that cause recidivism in narcotics abuse crimes are internal factors and external factors. Internal factors consist of uncontrollable desires, behavior, diligent praise, easily frustrated, and the character itself. External factors that cause someone to repeat the crime of narcotics abuse include environmental and social factors, economics, information and communication technology, and family factors. Efforts to overcome the recidivism of narcotics abuse that can be carried out are pre-emptive efforts, preventive efforts and repressive efforts.

This research aims to determine law enforcement efforts for criminal acts of theft committed by recidivist perpetrators in the jurisdiction of the Gorontalo City Resort Police from the aspect of law enforcement. The research method used in this research is empirical research, using a document study approach, case studies, observations, interviews which are then analyzed qualitatively. The research results show that the analysis regarding law enforcement efforts against recidivists carried out by the Gorontalo City Police uses efforts; preventive, namely providing legal education to the community and repressive efforts in the form of bringing justice by carrying out investigations, arrests, investigations up to the court level. It can be concluded that this preventive effort is an outreach by providing understanding to the community so that they participate in overcoming the problem of crimes committed by a recidivist, especially in the family environment, school environment and repressive efforts in the form of taking firm action against a recidivist. The action in question is in the form of investigation, arrest. , investigation up to the court level, this action is the last action if pre-emptive action is not successful.

This research uses a qualitative approach to understand the efforts of the North Lampung Police in dealing with motorbike theft. Qualitative methods allow for in-depth analysis of strategies, policies and obstacles faced in addressing this problem. Preventive efforts are carried out through integrated security, appeals to the community, as well as routine patrols and raids. Repressive efforts are carried out by taking firm action against perpetrators of crimes, as well as careful investigations and inquiries into cases of theft. However, the North Lampung Police face a number of obstacles in tackling motor vehicle theft crimes. The lack of timely public reports, the difficulty of obtaining sufficient evidence, and illegal motor vehicle trafficking networks are the main challenges. Even though preventive and repressive efforts have been carried out, innovation and better cooperation between the police and the community are still needed to overcome this problem. In conclusion, the North Lampung Police have made various efforts to tackle motor vehicle theft, but are still faced with a number of obstacles. Better coordination is needed between the police, government and community to create a safer and more comfortable environment for all parties.

The purpose of this research is to analyse the causal factors and efforts to overcome murder cases in Danga Village, Aesesa District, Nagekeo Regency. This type of research is empirical juridical, the approach that the author uses in this research is a qualitative approach. The location of this research is the Nagekeo Resort Police Office. The subjects used as researchers in this study are police officers. The data collection techniques used in this study are interviews, documentation. This research uses a type of qualitative research that produces descriptive data. The results of this study are the criminal act of premeditated murder in the case occurred due to several causative factors, such as unstable emotions, alcoholic beverages, economic factors, low levels of education, revenge factors. The existence of the application of the death penalty Article 340 of the Criminal Code against the perpetrators of the criminal act of premeditated murder which has a very serious capacity and is carried out cruelly, sadistically and truly violates the highest values of humanity. The countermeasures taken against the disclosure of murder cases are Preemtif efforts, namely socialisation, to prevent more severe crimes, the security forces conduct socialisation to the people throughout Indonesia. Furthermore, Repressive efforts are crime scene processing, the authenticity of the place that occurred at the scene of the crime. Finally, the Preventive effort is that the security forces stop the perpetrator's actions so that his behaviour is not repeated again so as not to harm many people or himself.