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Phrase structure and transformation is a theory of generative transformation grammar which can produce or generate and change a certain linguistic form into another new linguistic form, which did not previously exist. Language consists of a deep layer and a surface layer. This theory separates language into two layers, namely deep structure and surface structure. Language analysis always starts from the sentences in the poem "AKU" by Chairil Anwar. The purpose of this research is to find out about the phrase structure and transformations in AKU poetry in the form of sentences and to analyze them based on transformation theory. The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method using reading and note-taking techniques in data collection techniques. The data analysis technique used is the agi method. The results of this research show that the sentences in the AKU poem undergo transformation and have a phrase structure in each sentence.

Poetry is beautiful language based on the results of someone's thoughts and feelings expressed in written language. Poetry is an imaginative literary work that contains analogies of meaning with other uses so that the meaning contained in the poem is hidden behind words, similes and aesthetics that not everyone understands the meaning of the poetry conveyed. When reading poetry, it is necessary to read poetry repeatedly to understand the meaning of the poem because the language in poetry has a broad, implied meaning and is difficult to interpret. Therefore, readers must understand how to study poetry with knowledge in order to understand the meaning of the poetry conveyed. The poem by Heri Isnaini with the title "1 Distance" is formed in simple language but is interesting to study. This attracts a reader to study the poem and use it as research material. The aim of this research. The aim of this research is to analyze the meaning in the poem entitled "Distance 1" by Heri Isnaini and convey the content of the poem in detail so that readers can understand the meaning conveyed through this research. This research is also useful for readers to further develop literary works in the form of poetry. The method used in this research uses a qualitative descriptive method which examines the content of the meaning of the poem "1 Distance". In this way, this research will reveal the implied meaning of the poetry presented by the poet. Apart from that, the author dissects this poem using a mimetic approach. Mimetics is an approach in literary criticism regarding imitation or fiction of real life.

This study aims to analyze the poem "Keindahan Alam, Kelana Cinta" by Misnawati and determine whether the poem can provide better understanding for students about the importance of preserving the natural beauty of Indonesia and become an inspiration for them to visit and love tourist destinations in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive method with content analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that the poem "Keindahan Alam, Kelana Cinta" is able to provide better understanding for students about the importance of preserving the natural beauty of Indonesia. In this poem, Misnawati conveys a message that we should love and preserve the beautiful nature of Indonesia. Additionally, this poem can also inspire students to visit and love tourist destinations in Indonesia. The poem offers a description of stunning tourist destinations in Indonesia. By reading this poem, students can feel the beauty of nature in Indonesia and it is expected to motivate them to visit and love tourist destinations in Indonesia. This study can be a reference for teachers in teaching about the importance of preserving the natural beauty and introducing tourist destinations in Indonesia through literary works.

Literary work is a creation that is conveyed by speaking or communicative about the author's intention which aims for aesthetics.  One example of a literary work is poetry, poetry is a type of literary work that has beautiful, animating, and deep meanings and meanings, the words and sentences contained in it mostly come from the heart of the creator of the poem, when reading it you also have to use a good intonation.  clear, and expressions that match the content of the poem.  This study aims to semiotically analyze the poem entitled "Patience" by Chairil Anwar. This poem describes the patience of a poet or poet who always faces people who are near him and around him, even though he always feels uncomfortable with the environment.  and always feel annoyed by the people around him, but he realizes that this is what is called fate and life, in the first stanza describes noise so that the poet feels uncomfortable and very disturbed by the sounds around him, not only is it ridicule and insults were heard and thrown from one person to another.  In this world, only a few are filled with goodness, and badness is increasingly rampant, even though many have warned and rebuked, but the reprimands and warnings were only a passing wind, and were not paid any heed to by the parties concerned.  The second stanza describes something that the poet wants to convey, but the idea is not heard at all, they seem to regard the writer as if the wind were passing by, the third stanza describes a state of life that has lost its calm and serenity, so that life is worthy very hard to reach.  The last stanza describes the condition of the poet who is no longer respected and heard by those around him so that the poet no longer cares about it. At this time, the poet hopes that calm and tranquility will return, so that a decent life can be created again.

 Poetry is the poet's interpretation of life. The interpretation reflects the poet's view of the surrounding reality. Reading poetry is a literary art enjoyment. Poetry is a rich literature that can be used to express oneself from the author, for example in Widji Thukul's poem entitled "Land" which describes love and affection for the motherland, the struggle against injustice, and the spirit of resistance to existing oppression. The purpose of this analysis is to dissect the poem "Tanah" by Wiji Thukul structurally the structural approach in poetry refers to the analysis that is focused on structural elements in a poem. This approach aims to understand how these elements interact and contribute to the overall understanding of the poem.

This article discusses the meaning of figure of speech as outlined in a choice of words that is quite interesting and makes the reader curious about the meaning, also seen from the expressive approach that we can see from the author's point of view in making the poem. The purpose of making this article is to develop writing skills and increase students' and the public's interest in reading, as well as to describe the relationship or purpose of the author in conveying the poem "I Want Your Painting" to find the meaning contained in the poem with an expressive approach.  

Poetry is part of the literary work taught to students in elementary school or madrasah ibtidaiyah, namely the ability to write and read poetry. Therefore, in order for students to have this ability, it is necessary to have the suitability and accuracy of strengthening the knowledge and abilities possessed by the teacher when poetry is taught. Writing poetry is directed at aspects of comprehension and at linguistic ability and suitability in implementing elements in poetry. Similarly, reading poetry leads to the ability to speak the written language of poetry by involving imagination, intonation, pronunciation, emphasis, and tone. The community service activity aims to provide poetry writing training for students at MI Muhammadiyah Dukuhturi Bumiayu. Service activities are carried out by the method of lectures, discussions, demonstrations, assignments, and mentoring. The steps of community service activities include the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. At the stage of implementing the service, it is carried out with 5 stages, namely (1) observation, (2) preparation of training and mentoring, (3) socialization of activities, (4) training and assistance in poetry writing training, and (5) evaluation. At the implementation stage, the implementation of student service activities is carried out in accordance with the activity schedule. The evaluation stage can be used as a benchmark for 85% success indicators and the implementation of activities. Based on the results of dedication, it is known that all students have high motivation and are able to write poems in accordance with intrinsic and extrinsic elements with the chosen poetry theme related to nature.

Songs are included in the type of literary works of poetry. Song lyrics are written in poetic language so that they are classified as literary works of poetry. songs consist of many types. In this study the songs that became the object of research were J-Pop songs. J-Pop is a pop genre song originating from Japan. The song that is the object of research is a song that was famous at that time. Not only booming in their home country but covering many other countries as well. the fact that youth is the most turbulent period in the stages of human life is the inspiration for this song. The song, entitled Hitchcock by yorushika, was published to the wider community via YouTube in 2018. The theory that serves as the basis for this research is Riffatere's theory of semiotics. This theory combines heuristic theory and hermeneutic theory. This theory is used to find out the hidden meaning conveyed by the songwriter. This semiotic theory is carried out in the following stages. First, the researcher will read quickly without further analyzing the meaning, only the meaning of the lyrics (heuristics). In this case by translating from Japanese into Indonesian. Followed by analyzing the structure, figure of speech, and other in-depth meaning with repeated reading (hermeneutics). Then conclude the results of the analysis. This Hitchcock song has been watched approximately 73 million times by various groups.