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This study examines the dynamics of Buddhist religious counseling services in North Kalimantan Province in the post-pandemic period, particularly focusing on satisfaction levels and the distribution of counselors across districts. Using a quantitative approach with descriptive and correlational designs, the study involved a population of 9 Buddhist counselors and 3,993 congregants, with 98 selected respondents. Satisfaction levels were measured using the SERVQUAL framework, which evaluates service quality through five key dimensions. Findings show an overall satisfaction score of 3.65 (out of 5), categorized as “satisfied.” The highest rating was in the assurance dimension, reflecting public trust in counselor competence. However, empathy and responsiveness dimensions scored lower, especially in regions with few or no assigned counselors. A Pearson correlation analysis yielded a weak positive relationship (r = 0.214) between counselor-to-congregant ratios and satisfaction scores, emphasizing that equitable distribution is more crucial than sheer numbers. This research underscores the urgent need for needs-based distribution policies and hybrid service strategies that combine digital and in-person modalities. The results offer important policy implications, highlighting that spiritual service equity contributes to social cohesion and emotional well-being, especially in pluralistic and geographically dispersed regions.

This study aims to analyze and evaluate the health level of PT Bank Mega Tbk during the 2016–2023 period using the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RGEC) method. This research employs a quantitative descriptive approach with an evaluative design. The data used are secondary data obtained from audited annual financial statements published by PT Bank Mega Tbk and the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analytical method refers to regulatory provisions by Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority, covering four assessment factors: Risk Profile (measured by Non-Performing Loan and Loan to Deposit Ratio), Good Corporate Governance (based on self-assessment reports), Earnings (measured by Return on Assets, Return on Equity, BOPO, and Net Interest Margin), and Capital (measured by Capital Adequacy Ratio). Each indicator is assessed according to regulatory criteria and integrated to determine the Composite Rating (PK). The results show that PT Bank Mega Tbk consistently achieved Composite Rating 1 (PK-1), categorized as “Very Healthy,” throughout the observation period. The Risk Profile, Capital, and most Earnings indicators demonstrate strong and stable performance, while Good Corporate Governance remains consistently in the “Healthy” category. However, the Return on Equity indicator shows relatively lower performance compared to other profitability ratios, indicating the need for more optimal utilization of equity. Overall, the findings confirm the bank’s strong financial resilience while highlighting managerial implications related to capital efficiency.

Solid financial performance is a crucial foundation for companies to achieve long-term success. In the banking context, financial health assessments are essential, as they directly relate to the stability of the national financial system. Therefore, the Financial Services Authority (OJK) has established standards for evaluating bank soundness using the RGEC method, which includes four key aspects: Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Earnings, and Capital. This study aims to analyze the soundness level of PT Bank Central Asia Tbk (BCA) during the 2020–2024 period using the RGEC approach. The assessment is conducted by evaluating financial ratios such as Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The analysis results show that BCA achieved a "very healthy" rating (PK-1) in all RGEC aspects. This reflects BCA's ability to effectively manage risk, implement sound corporate governance principles, and maintain strong profitability and capital. These findings strengthen BCA's position as one of the best-performing banks in Indonesia and demonstrate the company's commitment to maintaining financial stability and customer trust.

This study aims to analyze the health of the digital banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2022-2024 using the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RGEC) approach, which involves four main aspects: risk profile, good corporate governance, earnings, and capital. The research method used is descriptive quantitative analysis with secondary data. The sampling method was purposive sampling, which includes four digital banks listed on the IDX: ARTO (Bank Jago Tbk), BBHI (Bank Harda Internasional Tbk), BBYB (Bank Neo Commerce Tbk), and AMAR (Bank Amar Indonesia Tbk). The results show that based on the composite value calculations, these digital banks have shown significant improvement, moving from a composite rating of 3 (PK-3) with a "fairly healthy" predicate in 2022 to a composite rating of 2 (PK-2) with a "healthy" predicate in 2023 and 2024. Although improvements have been made in several key areas, such as risk management and profitability, the main challenges still faced by digital banks are liquidity management and credit quality, reflected in the high Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and significant Non-Performing Loans (NPL). This study also emphasizes the importance of strengthening good corporate governance (GCG) principles and more effective risk management to support the sustainability and growth of the digital banking sector in Indonesia. Therefore, digital banks need to focus more on improving liquidity management, credit quality, and enhancing the efficiency of margin and capital management to overcome future challenges and strengthen their position in the digital banking industry.

This study aims to evaluate the financial condition of four private banks, namely Bank Mega, Bank JTrust, Bank Danamon, and Bank Panin listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2015 to 2024. The analysis uses the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RBBR) approach with a quantitative method, where the data source is derived from published annual financial statements. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling with the criteria of financial statements available for the last 10 years and the fluctuations in profits in the last three years. The bank's health assessment is carried out through four main aspects. First, the risk profile is measured using non-performing loan (NPL) ratios and liquidity levels through the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). Second, Good Corporate Governance (GCG) is evaluated based on regulatory compliance and transparency reporting. Third, profitability which includes the return on asset ratio (ROA) and net interest margin (Net Interest Margin / NIM). Fourth, the capital aspect is analyzed through the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The results of the study show that in general, the four banks are in a healthy condition, especially in terms of capital and governance, which reflects the bank's ability to meet the minimum capital requirements and maintain management practices in accordance with banking industry standards. However, significant differences were found in the risk and profitability aspects. Banks that have less than optimal risk management tend to experience an increase in NPLs, while banks that are more efficient in managing operational costs are able to maintain ROA and NIM at a more stable level. In addition, external factors such as global economic conditions, monetary policy, interest rates, and interbank competition also affect financial performance.

This study aims to evaluate the soundness of PT Bank Panin Tbk during the 2014–2024 period using the RGEC method, which assesses four key dimensions: risk, governance, earnings, and capital. This research approach is quantitative and descriptive, utilizing secondary data sourced from annual reports, financial statements, and officially published corporate governance documents. Each component is analyzed using relevant indicators, such as the NPL ratio, LDR, PDN, ROA, ROE, BOPO, NIM, and CAR. The results indicate that PT Bank Panin Tbk's risk profile, as reflected in the NPL, PDN, and LDR ratios, is largely in the healthy category, demonstrating the bank's ability to effectively manage credit and liquidity risks. An evaluation of corporate governance, based on consistent self-assessment reports over ten years, also demonstrates the achievement of a healthy rating, reflecting the bank's commitment to maintaining the principles of transparency, accountability, and regulatory compliance. Regarding earnings, profit performance, as measured by ROA, ROE, BOPO, and NIM, shows stable and positive results, confirming the bank's ability to generate sustainable profits. Meanwhile, in terms of capital, the CAR ratio recorded excellent performance and was a dominant factor in maintaining capital resilience while meeting the capital adequacy standards set by regulators. These findings confirm that PT Bank Panin Tbk was in overall good health throughout the study period. The results of this study are expected to provide strategic input for bank management in maintaining positive performance and for regulators as material for evaluating banking policies.  

Firm value is a crucial indicator that provides information to investors for making investment decisions. Today, investors also consider a company’s commitment to environmental issues, especially in the energy sector, which significantly contributes to carbon emissions. This study aims to empirically examine the effect of carbon emission disclosure and green investment on firm value. The theoretical framework employed includes signaling theory and legitimacy theory. Firm value is measured using the Tobin’s Q ratio. Carbon emission disclosure is measured through content analysis based on the GRI 305 standards, while green investment is measured using the PROPER rating issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. This study also includes three control variables: firm size, leverage, and profitability. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression, with secondary quantitative data collected from companies’ annual reports and sustainability reports. The sample consists of 69 companies with a total of 271 observations. The findings reveal that carbon emission disclosure has a positive effect on firm value, while green investment does not have a significant effect on firm value. This research is expected to contribute to the development of signaling and legitimacy theories and serve as a practical reference for investors in considering environmental aspects when making investment decisions.

This study investigates the effect of environmental costs on the level of environmental information transparency in manufacturing companies in the basic materials subsector, while providing empirical evidence regarding the relationship. Environmental costs are calculated through the ratio of corporate social responsibility (CSR) burden to the organization's net profit. Meanwhile, the company's environmental performance is evaluated using the PROPER rating on an ordinal scale. The level of environmental coverage is measured comprehensively through the Clarkson index which covers various dimensions of existing reporting. A quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis is applied to test the relationship between variables. In selecting the sample, a purposive sampling technique was used by considering the completeness of the data and certain sector criteria, resulting in 35 companies as the final sample that met the analysis requirements. The results of the study revealed that an increase in environmental costs is directly proportional to a significant increase in environmental coverage. This indicates that company investment in environmental programs encourages more transparent reporting practices. In addition, environmental performance as reflected in the PROPER rating is also proven to have a positive and significant effect on the extent of environmental coverage.