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Rational drug use is one of the essential efforts to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services and ensure patient safety. Evaluation of prescribing patterns can be conducted using prescribing indicators established by the World Health Organization (WHO). This study aimed to describe drug use based on WHO prescribing indicators at Apotek M Bandung during January 2026. The study employed an observational design with retrospective data collection from prescription documents received at the pharmacy. The research sample was determined using a total sampling method in accordance with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The indicators analyzed included the average number of drugs per prescription, the percentage of generic drug prescribing, antibiotic prescribing, injectable drug prescribing, and the use of medicines listed in the National Essential Medicines List (DOEN). The results showed that the average number of drugs per prescription was 2.4 items. The percentage of generic drug prescribing was 84.3%, antibiotic prescribing was 0.5%, and no injectable drugs were prescribed. The percentage of medicines prescribed from the DOEN was 88.20%. Overall, most indicators met WHO standards, except for the average number of drugs per prescription and the use of DOEN medicines, which had not yet reached the ideal values. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the prescribing pattern at Apotek M Bandung reflects a relatively rational use of medicines; however, further efforts are still required to optimize compliance with WHO prescribing standards

Improving service quality is a primary priority in hospital management. Service quality can be improved by reducing the percentage of non-value added activities through the Lean Hospital approach. This study aims to identify activities and analyze the root causes of critical waste in the drug distribution and utilization processes at the Outpatient Pharmacy Installation of Karanganyar Regency Hospital. This study is a non-experimental research with a qualitative descriptive design. Critical waste was obtained through the distribution of a waste weighting questionnaire assessed by all personnel involved in the drug distribution and utilization processes. The results show that the Value Stream Mapping calculation for the drug distribution process obtained a lead time of 147.41 minutes and a VAR value of 36%, while in the drug utilization process, compounded prescription service obtained a lead time of 128.53 minutes and a VAR of 24%, and non-compounded prescription service obtained a lead time of 75.8 minutes and a VAR of 26%. The critical waste questionnaire calculation using the Borda method in the drug distribution process showed overproduction 60%, inventory 53.33%, and waiting 43.33%, while in the drug utilization process, waiting 43.75%, overproduction 42.85%, and defect 39.70%. The 5S method, a Lean method, was used to eliminate waste in the service process at the Outpatient Pharmacy Installation of Karanganyar Regency Hospital.

The Hospital Management Information Sistem (SIMRS) is a key component in the digital transformation of healthcare services, aiming to enhance efficiency and service quality. This study evaluates the implementation of SIMRS at Mutiara Bunda Mother and Child Hospital and explores the challenges and opportunities for improvement. A qualitative case study approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews involving five key informants, including the medical records head, medical service manager, registration officers, and IT staff. The results show that the SIMRS covers registration, procedure input, laboratory, and pharmacy functions. However, issues such as delayed data entry by medical staff, limited equipment, lack of integration across service units, and absence of written user guidelines and regular training persist. The study concludes that although the SIMRS is in use at RSIA Mutiara Bunda, sistem optimization, staff capacity building, and stronger managerial support are crucial to fully realize its potential in improving service quality.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Unit Dose Drugs Dispensing Sistem (UDDDS) based on the SERVQUAL theory at the Inpatient Pharmacy Installation of RS “X”. The research method used a quantitative design with SERVQUAL questionnaires given to pharmacists and nurses, supplemented by in-depth interviews to explore perceptions of the UDDDS implementation. Data analysis was conducted using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. The results of the study indicate that all SERVQUAL dimensions significantly influence the quality of UDDDS services. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, the dimension of Assurance had the most dominant influence on service quality, with a B value of 8.464 and a contribution of 35%. This was followed by Empathy (B = 7.475, 31%), Tangibles (B = 7.547, 28%), Responsiveness (B = 4.847, 20%), and Reliability (B = 3.475, 16%). These findings suggest that the Assurance dimension, which includes trust and confidence in healthcare professionals, plays a crucial role in improving service quality at the Inpatient Pharmacy Installation. Overall, the findings indicate a significant relationship between the implementation of UDDDS and improvements in hospital service quality, particularly in terms of timely medication administration, reduced medication returns, and increased healthcare worker satisfaction. The reduction in medication returns reflects the efficiency of the drug distribution sistem, while the increased satisfaction of healthcare workers shows that UDDDS contributes to better service quality. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening the Assurance dimension through improving the competence, ethics, and professionalism of healthcare workers. Additionally, integrating UDDDS into the hospital's quality indicators is essential for establishing a sustainable quality culture. This will support the overall improvement of service quality at the hospital.

Pharmacist professionalism is a key component in ensuring the quality of pharmaceutical services, encompassing not only compliance with technical and scientific standards but also a deep commitment to moral and ethical principles. In the Indonesian cultural context, the concept of "medicine as a trust" (obat sebagai amanah) reflects a profound sense of responsibility, where medicine is viewed not merely as a commodity, but as a mandate that must be preserved with integrity and accountability in health care practices. This article conceptually explores the relationship between pharmacist professionalism and the moral value of trust within the framework of the Nusantara constitutional theory. This theory emphasizes the integration of legal, cultural, and moral dimensions in shaping professional conduct in Indonesia. Using a descriptive-critical approach through literature review, this study investigates how trust functions as both a legal expectation and a cultural imperative in the practice of pharmacy. The findings highlight that trust must be internalized as a core value in pharmaceutical services—manifested through ethical decision-making, transparency in drug management, and a commitment to prioritizing patient welfare. Pharmacists are not only required to uphold professional standards, but also to carry out their duties as custodians of public trust. To realize this vision, the integration of the value of trust into pharmacy education, legal regulations, and clinical practice is essential. Educational institutions, professional organizations, and regulatory bodies must work collaboratively to instill this value as part of a pharmacist’s identity. In doing so, the profession can contribute more effectively to building a health care system that is just, culturally grounded, and centered on the well-being of the people.

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) in hospital emergency units is essential to improve the speed, accuracy, and quality of services. However, various challenges hinder optimal system utilization. This study aimed to assess the adoption of EMR at the Emergency Unit of RSUD A.M Parikesit Tenggarong using the Human-Organization-Technology Fit (HOT-FIT) framework. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed involving seven purposively selected informants, including health professionals, administrative staff, and IT personnel. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document reviews, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings indicate that from the human aspect, the system was considered easy to use (85%), though user satisfaction remained moderate (67.14%) due to system errors and incomplete CPPT data entries. Organizationally, the hospital provided adequate infrastructure and support, though some policies require stronger enforcement. Technological aspects revealed limitations in system stability, lack of pharmacy integration, and low service quality due to frequent downtime. The study concludes that EMR implementation in the Emergency Unit has not yet achieved full effectiveness across all HOT-FIT domains. Improvements are needed in system reliability, information consistency, and inter-unit integration to optimize EMR benefits and enhance patient care delivery in critical settings.

Patient satisfaction is one of the factors that help improve the quality of health services. When a patient's experience after obtaining health services is compared to the patient's expectations, the resulting level of satisfaction can be measured. Finding out how satisfied Malawili Health Centre patients are with their pharmacological care was the motivation for this survey. In this descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, one hundred participants were surveyed between September and October 2023 at the Malawi Health Centre Pharmacy Services Department. Data was collected to measure the level of patient satisfaction through questions in the categories of tangible evidence (reliability), responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. SPSS software was used to analyse patient satisfaction levels. The results of the analysis of each dimension of patient satisfaction were as follows: tangibility 76.4%, reliability 82%, responsiveness 83.8%, assurance 86.7%, and empathy 89.35%. Meanwhile, the P values of the sociodemographic relationship test results and satisfaction levels were all > 0.05, including gender (0.000 < 0.1), age (0.208 > 0.1), education (0.673 > 0.1), occupation (0.000 < 0.1), and income (0.000 < 0.1).

In Law Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals it is stated that hospitals must meet the requirements for location, buildings, infrastructure, human resources, pharmacy and equipment. Pharmaceutical requirements must ensure the availability of quality, useful, safe and affordable Pharmaceutical Preparations, Medical Devices and Consumable Medical Materials. The Workers' General Hospital has drug procurement data that exceeds the 2022 RKAP target, namely in the last 5 months between August and December 2022. The aim of this research is to reveal empirically the selection of providers by combining three procurement methods, namely e-catalog, direct procurement with the standardization of the Pertamedika IHC Drug Formulary and direct procurement with negotiations carried out by the hospital's own negotiation committee and a priority scale is formed to achieve efficiency targets. This priority scale meets the eligibility test for the Benefit - Cost Ratio criteria. This research was conducted at the Workers' General Hospital in Jakarta. The research time is February 2023 - June 2023. The research approach used is a qualitative approach. Meanwhile, the research method used was a case study in which researchers conducted an in-depth exploration of the process of selecting generic drug providers on a priority scale and tested their feasibility using the Benefit - Cost Ratio (BCR) method. Based on calculations, a BCR value of 1.9 was obtained, which can be interpreted as a priority scale that is feasible for the Workers' General Hospital. The results of this research have implications for hospitals because implementing effective and efficient drug procurement will ensure continuity of service with affordable drug costs.

Pharmaceutical services are carried out to achieve definite results in improving the quality of life of patients in the form of direct and resposibels services related to pharmaceutical preparations. In implementing pharmaceutical services, health centers already have a standard that is used as a guideline in its implementation. The consequences of implementing pharmaceutical services that do not comply with standards are medication errors and inappropriate use of drugs, there are expired drugs and overlapping budgets. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of pharmaceutical service standards in health centers, BMHP and clinical pharmacy services based on PMK No. 74 of 2016 at the Paduraksa Health Center, Pemalang District. This study is a non-experimental study with a descriptive design that will provide an analytical description of the implementation of pharmaceutical service standards at the Paduraksa Health Center, Pemalang District based on the guidelines in the Minister of Health Regulation Number 74 of 2016. The population and sample in this study were all pharmaceutical personnel who were responsible for managing pharmaceutical service standards at the Paduraksa Health Center, by conducting interviews in the form of questions and answers by giving questions verbally to pharmacists or pharmaceutical personnel at the Paduraksa Health Center, Pemalang Regency. The data in the variable analysis looked at the percentage of compliance with standards based on the Minister of Health Regulation No. 74 of 2016.  

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health problem that continues to increase, especially in Indonesia. This disease is characterized by high blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin metabolism. This article aims to evaluate the effect of pharmaceutical education, particularly through booklets, pocket books, and counseling, on the self-management of type 2 DM patients. The results of the study show that pharmaceutical education is significant in improving patients' knowledge, compliance, and quality of life. Education through booklets and pharmacy counseling helps patients understand the importance of managing diet and physical activity. Although education has been shown to improve control of blood glucose levels, many patients still face challenges in consistently implementing self-management. Therefore, a more integrated and sustainable educational approach is needed to support DM patients in managing their condition effectively.  

Good pharmaceutical procurement management can prevent stock shortages, reduce costs, and improve healthcare service quality. However, issues such as medication shortages, delayed procurement, and discrepancies between demand and supply are still common. This literature review aims to analyze pharmaceutical procurement management in hospital pharmacy units. The literature search yielded 10 relevant articles on pharmaceutical procurement management in hospital pharmacy units. The databases used were Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Semantic Scholar. The keywords used were management, pharmaceutical procurement, and hospital. The search results underwent a screening process using the PICO elements and the CRAAP method. The findings indicate that pharmaceutical management in various hospitals has shown progress, but still faces challenges such as inaccurate data collection, delayed drug supply, and storage facilities that do not meet standards. Other obstacles include limited funds, inability to pay on time, and a lack of integrated information systems. However, some aspects are well-managed, such as the use of e-purchasing and proper drug storage categorization.

Patient satisfaction with pharmacy services is a crucial indicator in assessing the quality of healthcare services provided. Patient satisfaction is influenced by the comparison between perceived performance and expectations. If service performance exceeds expectations, patients will be highly satisfied. This study aims to measure the level of patient satisfaction with the quality of drug services at Rio Pharmacy. This descriptive study uses primary data obtained through questionnaires completed by respondents. The results show that all five dimensions of service quality received positive ratings. The Responsiveness dimension has the most significant influence with a score of 56, followed by Reliability, Assurance, and Empathy, each with a score of 52, and Tangible with a score of 47. Overall, patients are satisfied with the quality of drug services at Rio Pharmacy.

Honey is derived from plant nectar and pollen collected by bees. Honey contains natural sugars and nutrients but is prone to contamination by heavy metals such as mercury, copper, and cadmium from the environment. Honey quality standards stipulate maximum limits of contamination according to SNI 8664:2018. This study examined copper, mercury, and cadmium levels in native, cultivated, and branded honey using ICP-AES. Samples were randomly collected at the Laboratory of Pharmacy Faculty of University 17 August 1945 and metal levels were determined at the Regional Health Laboratory of DKI Jakarta Province from April-July 2024. Results showed all samples contained copper below the maximum limit of 5.0 mg/kg in the order of 0.243; 0.399; 0.297 mg/kg. Cadmium and mercury in the three honeys were undetected according to SNI's respective maximum limits of 0.2 and 0.03 mg/kg. Therefore, honeys of the three types met quality standards and are safe for consumption.    

Health is a pivotal factor in enhancing human quality of life by improving healthcare service quality. Pharmacies serve as crucial healthcare facilities widely frequented by the populace. High-quality pharmaceutical services in pharmacies can gratify patients, foster patient loyalty, and augment patient quality of life. This study aims to ascertain patient satisfaction levels regarding pharmaceutical services at several pharmacies in Karanganyar Regency. This descriptive observational study employed a quantitative approach. Sampling was conducted using non-probability sampling with an accidental sampling technique, resulting in a sample of 105 respondents. Patient satisfaction levels were computed using SPSS Statistics 25. Research findings revealed satisfaction rates for pharmacy service indicators: pharmacy appearance achieved 85.10% (very satisfied), staff friendliness achieved 80.23% (very satisfied), medication information provision achieved 82.66% (very satisfied), medication availability achieved 83.27% (very satisfied), and service speed achieved 87.93% (very satisfied). In conclusion, patients expressed overall satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at several pharmacies in Karanganyar Regency.  

This study explores the pharmaceutical supply chain management of the National Formulary at RSUP Dr. Sitanala in Tangerang City, aiming to identify obstacles to drug availability and formulate effective and efficient solutions. Acknowledging quality healthcare as a fundamental human right and a critical investment for a nation's future, this research emphasizes the importance of high-quality healthcare services. These services encompass not only treatment but also health promotion and disease prevention through the adoption of clean and healthy living habits. Drug availability is a major pillar in the provision of quality healthcare services. Effective and efficient management of the pharmaceutical supply chain, particularly regarding National Formulary drugs, is crucial in ensuring the availability of medications at healthcare facilities. This research employs a comprehensive analysis of the supply chain processes at RSUP Dr. Sitanala, examining stages such as drug selection, demand planning, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, drug control, therapy monitoring, prescription preparation, drug dispensation, and medication administration. The study's methodology involves a case study approach, integrating theoretical management principles and interdisciplinary pharmacy management with compliance to regulations, as outlined in Permenkes No. 76 of 2016. Findings from RSUP Dr. Sitanala indicate that the hospital's pharmaceutical management practices align with contemporary health and pharmacy management theories, emphasizing structured systems, stringent verification, and effective interprofessional communication to ensure medication safety and efficacy. The study identifies challenges in information technology and interdisciplinary coordination as areas needing improvement. Nonetheless, a commitment to continuous improvement and adherence to regulatory standards reflects RSUP Dr. Sitanala's dedication to enhancing the quality of pharmaceutical management and healthcare services. The implications of this research extend beyond RSUP Dr. Sitanala, offering valuable recommendations for improving drug supply chain management in other healthcare institutions in Indonesia. By enhancing access to and the quality of healthcare services, this study contributes to the broader goal of achieving the highest possible level of health for individuals, reflecting the perspective of human rights and investment in the nation's future health.    

Pharmaceutical Services at the Hospital is an integral part of the Hospital's health care system that is patient-oriented, providing Pharmaceutical Preparations Medical Devices, and Medical Materials that are quality and affordable for all levels of society including clinical pharmacy services (Anonymous, 2016) Besed on the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No 179 Menkes/SK/11/2008, the SPM indicator of hospital pharmacy services includes the waiting time for drug services to be a maximum of 30 minutes while the maximum concoction drug is 60 minutes, the absence of medication errors, stalaction customers at least 80% and prescription writing all must refer to the Hospital formulary This study aims to find out the Waiting Time (Respond Time) of Prescription Services for Finished Medicines and drugs mixed with BPJS patients Outpatient in Bangil Hospital. This research is a non-experimental research with descriptive approach, namely the type of research approach to obtain an overview of the state of a group of data based on observations the real thing is, data collection is done in the Outpatient Pharmacy Service at Hangil Hospital, and is carried out for three months. The total mumber of prescription samples erered in the pharmacy installation for three months a 12.587 prescriptions with details of 10,770 prescriptions of JKN BPJS 85.27% 1,808 peral recipes 14 66% and 9 other insurance recipes 0.07% Among the recipe for JKN BPIS obtained during the study were 90.23% of non-concoction recipes and 9.77% of recipe recipes. The results of the study were obtaining results, the number of prescriptions from patients was 85.27% more than prescriptions from general patients 14 66% and other insurance 0.07%. The average waiting time for non-concoction recipe services in 25 minutes, and concoctions are 62 minutes

Storage is an activity of storing and maintaining by placing the received pharmaceutical supplies in a place that is considered safe from theft and physical disturbance that can damage the quality of the drug. The purpose of this study was to determine the drug storage system at the Dearh Lanto Dg Pasewang General Hospital Pharmacy Warehouse which includes spatial arrangements, storage methods, stock card recording and drug quality observation. This is done by direct observation The research conducted is descriptive in nature, the data collection method in this study is by direct observation. The data management and analysis techniques that the authors used in this study included reducing the checklists that had been obtained. Based on the results of research conducted at the Pharmacy Warehouse of the Lanto Dg Pasewang Hospital, in general, the drug storage system was 93.22% in the good category. The assessment includes the physical condition of the warehouse with a value of 90.47% in the good category. How to store drugs with a value of 93.33%. Stock card recording with a percentage value of 100% is in the good category. Drug quality monitoring with a percentage value of 100% is in the good category, so that the medicines stored in the Warehouse of the Regional General Hospital Lanto Dg Pasewang Jeneponto are in good condition and the quality of the drugs is maintained.

Pharmacy is a health service facility that aims to help improve health for the community (public health), as well as a place for practicing pharmacists in carrying out pharmaceutical work spread across various regions. Choosing a business location is the main thing to consider in build a business, including pharmacy. A strategic business location is related to transportation efficiency, material properties, product characteristics, and ease of reaching consumers. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of choosing the pharmacy location on medicine purchasing decisions in Indonesia. The method that used in this study is literature review with 6 research journals that collected and processed pre-existing data using search engines such as Google Scholar and journal databases such as Researchgate and published in 2018-2023. The result shows that pharmacy location is not always a factor in a person's decision to buy medicine, there are other factors such as price, quality of pharmacy service, and etc.