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Human rights are fundamental rights inherent to every individual from birth and are guaranteed under statutory laws and regulations. These rights are universal in nature, inherent to every person, and must be respected, protected, and fulfilled by the state as well as all elements of society. However, in practice, various conditions continue to trigger human rights violations committed by both individuals and state officials. This phenomenon indicates that the protection of human rights still faces numerous challenges in its implementation. This study aims to examine the relationship between law enforcement officers and civilians, determine the extent to which the actions of law enforcement officers can be categorized as human rights violations, and analyze the mechanisms of oversight and accountability in handling cases of human rights violations. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method to obtain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. The data were analyzed descriptively to illustrate the relationship between law enforcement officers and civilians within the context of human rights protection. The findings reveal that power asymmetry is one of the main factors contributing to the abuse of authority by law enforcement officers. This condition subsequently increases the potential for human rights violations and underscores the importance of effective oversight and accountability in ensuring that law enforcement officers perform their duties and exercise their authority in accordance with applicable legal provisions.

Private vehicles are a frequently used mode of transportation because they are considered more practical. However, using private vehicles carries several risks, such as traffic accidents due to drivers losing focus on the road due to other activities, such as making calls on smartphones, drinking, or operating the radio. Approximately 90% of accidents are caused by human error. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a type of neural network commonly used on image data. CNN is often used for image classification due to its high performance and accuracy. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the performance of CNN for the classification of distracted driving activities. The results show that the CNN model is able to effectively classify images of distracted driving activities, with an accuracy of approximately 99% across all datasets and across all input image size variations. Furthermore, the results of this study also show that differences in right-hand and left-hand drive datasets do not significantly affect model accuracy. Variations in input image size also do not significantly affect model accuracy, but do affect the training duration.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak kepemilikan sepeda motor terhadap keberlangsungan usaha ojek pangkalan di Pasar Kaliboto, Kecamatan Bener, Kabupaten Purworejo. Sepeda motor sebagai sarana transportasi utama bagi pengemudi ojek telah menjadi faktor penting dalam perkembangan usaha ojek pangkalan, baik dari sisi ekonomi, sosial, maupun mobilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi yang dilakukan terhadap pengemudi ojek pangkalan di Pasar Kaliboto. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana kepemilikan sepeda motor mempengaruhi pendapatan, produktivitas, serta hubungan sosial pengemudi ojek di pasar tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan sepeda motor memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan pendapatan pengemudi ojek, karena mereka lebih mandiri dalam mencari penumpang dan dapat beroperasi lebih fleksibel. Selain itu, kepemilikan sepeda motor juga berkontribusi pada peningkatan kualitas hidup pengemudi, terutama dalam hal kemampuan finansial dan aksesibilitas terhadap berbagai kebutuhan. Namun, tantangan seperti biaya perawatan sepeda motor, biaya operasional, dan persaingan dengan pengemudi ojek online juga menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan pengemudi ojek pangkalan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya dukungan kebijakan yang lebih baik, seperti pelatihan keterampilan, bantuan finansial, dan peningkatan sistem transportasi lokal, agar pengemudi ojek pangkalan dapat lebih berdaya saing dan sejahtera.

Hang Nadim International Airport in Batam is a growing air transportation hub, driven by increasing public mobility and aviation activity. Ground handling services in the airside area are crucial, particularly for buses transporting passengers to and from aircraft. However, several issues persist, such as late pick-ups, unsafe bus conditions, and frequent technical disruptions. This study aims to identify the role of PT Lion Group bus drivers in supporting ground handling services and analyze the impact of bus breakdowns on driver performance at the airport. The method used was descriptive qualitative, using observation, interviews, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with drivers, technicians, and Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers to obtain data on technical challenges and operational coordination. Observations were conducted during On-the-Job Training (OJT), and documentation was used to support the validity of the data. The results indicate that bus drivers play a crucial role in ensuring smooth ground handling services, but are frequently hampered by technical breakdowns, such as engine and braking system problems, which impact passenger comfort and On-Time Performance (OTP). Recommendations include improving bus maintenance, providing a backup fleet, and providing technical training for drivers to improve service effectiveness.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelayanan kendaraan pada Satuan Angkutan Akademi Angkatan Laut (AAL) serta merumuskan strategi peningkatan pelayanan kendaraan guna mengoptimalkan tugas pokok organisasi. Dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT, penelitian ini mengevaluasi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman yang ada dalam pengelolaan kendaraan dinas di AAL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya permasalahan seperti kekurangan personel terutama pengemudi, jumlah kendaraan yang terbatas karena ada beberapa kendaraan yang rusak ringan atau rusak berat, dan fasilitas lahan parkir kendaraan atau garasi serta fasilitas pemeliharaan dan perbaikan kendaraan kurang memadai. Dari analisis menggunakan SWOT, maka diperoleh kesimpulan yang meliputi: (a) Melakukan penambahan personel pengemudi dengan cara rekrutmen TNI AL dari lulusan SMK (b) Mengadakan penambahan jumlah armada kendaraan serta kenjasama dengan industri otomotif (c) Melakukan penambahan fasilitas garasi atau parkir kendaraan serta bengkel pemeliharaan dan perbaikan kendaraan berdasarkan dukungan kebijakan pengadaan aset kendaraan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi bagi manajemen AAL untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kendaraan, sehingga mendukung efektivitas pelaksanaan tugas pokok AAL.

Persimpangan jalan merupakan titik pertemuan pada jaringan transportasi di mana dua atau lebih ruas jalan bertemu, yang dapat menimbulkan konflik arus kendaraan. Kondisi lalu lintas sangat mempengaruhi kinerja jalan, terutama pada persimpangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kinerja Simpang Tiga Yogya Mall Kota Tegal melalui evaluasi lalu lintas dan simulasi, dengan memberikan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi kemacetan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi survei lapangan untuk mengumpulkan data volume arus kendaraan dan geometrik jalan, serta perhitungan kapasitas jalan menggunakan metode PKJI 2023. Simulasi dilakukan dengan aplikasi Vissim, dengan kalibrasi dan validasi parameter perilaku pengemudi untuk mendekati kondisi aktual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja simpang pada kondisi eksisting sesuai dengan standar PKJI 2023 memiliki tingkat pelayanan D dengan derajat kejenuhan (DJ) rata-rata 0,81 dan tundaan rata-rata 38,66 detik per kendaraan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan peningkatan ke tingkat pelayanan C dengan tundaan yang lebih rendah (28,84 detik). Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah rekomendasi untuk mengoptimalkan arus lalu lintas di simpang tersebut melalui penerapan pengaturan sinyal yang lebih efisien dan penyesuaian geometrik simpang, sehingga dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi kemacetan di Simpang Tiga Yogya Mall Kota Tegal

Crimes committed by drunk drivers that cause death are serious legal problems that have a broad impact on public safety. This study analyzes the form of criminal liability for such acts within the framework of Indonesian criminal law, by examining the application of the concepts of dolus eventualis and culpa. Although statutory provisions such as Articles 310 and 311 of the Traffic and Transportation Law and Article 359 of the Criminal Code have regulated criminal sanctions, implementation in the field is often weak and disproportionate. The legal approach tends to consider the act as negligence, whereas there is an element of conditional intent that must be considered. This study emphasizes the need for criminal law reform, strengthening law enforcement institutions, and public education to create a deterrent effect and protect people's right to life. The concept of dolus eventualis is an important alternative to expand criminal liability fairly and contextually.

Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of death in Indonesia, particularly involving motorcycle riders. Female drivers are among the vulnerable groups because they often pay less attention to safety aspects such as wearing helmets, using turn signals, and obeying traffic signs. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of short movie media in improving safety riding knowledge among PKK mothers in Tapelan Village. The research employed the Research and Development (RnD) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The subjects were 50 PKK mothers. The pre-test results showed an average knowledge score of 51.1%, which increased to 89.5% in the post-test, with an effectiveness rate of 79%. Short movie media was considered highly feasible as an educational tool because it effectively attracted attention and facilitated understanding of the material.

With the increasing number of online motorcycle taxi service users now, driving safety has become an important issue that needs more attention in online motorcycle taxis to reduce the risk of accidents. However, compliance of online motorcycle taxis in driving to implement safety riding is still a major problem due to the lack of awareness of the implementation of safety riding in online motorcycle taxi drivers. The influence of driver knowledge and awareness on safety riding behavior in online motorcycle taxi drivers must be understood and mastered properly and correctly by all online motorcycle taxi drivers so that the number of accidents does not increase and even the occupational health and safety of online motorcycle taxi drivers can be maintained. By adhering to the principles of safety riding, the occupational health and safety of online motorcycle taxi drivers will be maintained. The method used in this study is a literature study, by collecting and analyzing various relevant sources regarding knowledge, awareness, and driving behavior. The results of the study show that good knowledge of driving safety is positively related to safety riding behavior. In addition, awareness of the risk of accidents and the importance of obeying traffic rules also contribute significantly to reducing risky driving behavior. This study concludes that increasing driver knowledge and awareness through training and education can improve safety riding behavior, which in turn can reduce the number of accidents among online motorcycle taxi drivers. Suggestions are proposed for the implementation of periodic training programs for drivers to improve driving safety competence and awareness.

This study aims to examine the influence of knowledge and awareness on safety riding behavior among online motorcycle taxi drivers. Considering the rapid growth of online transportation and the increasing risk of accidents, understanding the factors that affect driver behavior is crucial. This literature review analyzes 15 relevant studies. The researcher conducted a series of studies involving various sources such as books, Google Scholar, Mendeley, PubMed, ScienceDirect, focusing on open access and full paper articles in Indonesian or English. The analysis shows a significant relationship between drivers’ knowledge and awareness of safety riding practices and their compliance with safe driving behavior. Higher levels of knowledge and awareness correlate with increased adherence to traffic regulations, proper use of safety equipment, and better understanding of potential road hazards. These findings emphasize the importance of continuous safety training programs and policy interventions to improve the safety and welfare of online motorcycle drivers.    

This study aims to identify and analyze the influence of knowledge and awareness on motorcycle riders' safety behavior (safety riding), particularly among online motorcycle taxi drivers. In the context of increasing traffic accidents, understanding the factors influencing riders' compliance with safety regulations is crucial. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method and was conducted from January to April 2025. A total of 15 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were systematically reviewed from credible databases such as Google Scholar, CORE, and ScienceDirect. The analysis reveals that compliance with road safety regulations is influenced by both internal and external factors. Internal factors include the rider’s knowledge level, safety attitudes, age, and riding experience. External factors consist of law enforcement supervision, access to safety training, availability of protective gear, and social support from family and peers. Among these, knowledge and attitude are identified as the most influential aspects affecting safety compliance. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is needed, including continuous education, regular training, and collective awareness-raising to foster a safe riding culture. This study contributes to a better understanding of behavioral aspects related to road safety and serves as a foundation for the development of behavior-based transportation safety strategies

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk layanan transportasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis web yang memungkinkan proses pemesanan kendaraan dilakukan secara terintegrasi antara admin, penumpang, dan pengemudi. Aplikasi ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kenyamanan dalam manajemen transportasi. Metodologi penelitian melibatkan analisis kebutuhan pengguna melalui wawancara dan survei, desain sistem menggunakan metode prototyping, serta implementasi menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan framework Laravel. Sistem ini dilengkapi dengan tiga modul utama: (1) modul admin untuk mengelola data pengguna, kendaraan, dan jadwal, (2) modul penumpang untuk melakukan pemesanan kendaraan, dan (3) modul pengemudi untuk menerima dan memproses order. Pengujian aplikasi dilakukan menggunakan metode black-box testing untuk memastikan setiap fungsi berjalan sesuai spesifikasi, serta evaluasi kepuasan pengguna untuk mengukur efektivitas dan kemudahan penggunaan aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi proses pemesanan kendaraan dan memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang lebih baik. Diharapkan aplikasi ini dapat menjadi solusi inovatif dalam manajemen layanan transportasi dan mendukung transformasi digital di industri ini. Penelitian ini juga membuka peluang untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut, seperti integrasi dengan teknologi geolokasi dan pembayaran digital.

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk layanan transportasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis web yang memungkinkan proses pemesanan kendaraan dilakukan secara terintegrasi antara admin, penumpang, dan pengemudi. Aplikasi ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kenyamanan dalam manajemen transportasi. Metodologi penelitian melibatkan analisis kebutuhan pengguna melalui wawancara dan survei, desain sistem menggunakan metode prototyping, serta implementasi menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan framework Laravel. Sistem ini dilengkapi dengan tiga modul utama: (1) modul admin untuk mengelola data pengguna, kendaraan, dan jadwal, (2) modul penumpang untuk melakukan pemesanan kendaraan, dan (3) modul pengemudi untuk menerima dan memproses order. Pengujian aplikasi dilakukan menggunakan metode black-box testing untuk memastikan setiap fungsi berjalan sesuai spesifikasi, serta evaluasi kepuasan pengguna untuk mengukur efektivitas dan kemudahan penggunaan aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi proses pemesanan kendaraan dan memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang lebih baik. Diharapkan aplikasi ini dapat menjadi solusi inovatif dalam manajemen layanan transportasi dan mendukung transformasi digital di industri ini. Penelitian ini juga membuka peluang untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut, seperti integrasi dengan teknologi geolokasi dan pembayaran digital.

Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, where drowsiness while driving is a significant factor that reduces driver alertness. This study develops a real-time driver drowsiness detection system using the Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) method to avoid this. EAR calculates the ratio of the upper and lower eyelid distances to detect signs of drowsiness based on changes in eye shape. This system utilizes the OpenCV and Dlib libraries to identify faces and measure EAR, with a threshold of 0.25 as a warning trigger. If the EAR value drops below the threshold in several consecutive frames, the system automatically activates an alarm to increase driver alertness. With the advantages of cost efficiency and ease of implementation without additional hardware, this system is suitable for various types of vehicles. The results show that this system is effective in providing early warnings, thus helping to reduce the risk of accidents due to drowsiness.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the juridical review of the use of mobile phones while driving by motor vehicle drivers who endanger other road users in Kupang City. This research is an empirical juridical research in which this research is carried out in the Kupang City Resort Police Law Wilaya. This research uses interview guidelines for thirty-four sources. The results showed that law enforcement against motor vehicle drivers who use cellphones while driving. The inhibiting factors for the police in law enforcement against motor vehicle drivers who use cellphones while driving in Kupang City are internal and external factors. The efforts of the police in tackling cases of motorized vehicle drivers who use cellphones while driving in Kupang City are by strict enforcement, personal approach and conducting evaluations.

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi tumbuhnya rasa solidaritas sosial pada komunitas pengemudi ojek online Marbun Delivery. Fokus utama dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana interaksi sosial mempengaruhi tumbuhnya rasa solidaritas sosial pengemudi ojek online Marbun Delivery dan apa bentuk solidaritas sosial yang dihasilkan oleh pengemudi ojek online Marbun Delivery. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori solidaritas sosial dari Emile Durkheim. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan fenomena yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode observasi, wawancara tidak terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa cara pengemudi ojek online Marbun Delivery membangun rasa solidaritas sosial adalah adanya ketergantungan antara pengemudi dengan pengemudi serta pelanggan dan dengan menjalankan pekerjaan yang sama. Sedangkan bentuk solidaritas sosial dari komunitas pengemudi ojek online Marbun Delivery terdiri dari kerjasama dan berbagi pelanggan.

This research aims to find out, analyze and prove that employee work loyalty among Gojek drivers is partially influenced by flexible working hours and compensation. The research design uses quantitative research with a survey approach, the research population is 164 Gojek Drivers in the community in Bintara, West Bekasi. The sample measurement technique uses the formula Hair et al. (1998). With the accidental sampling method. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire distributed directly to 110 Gojek drivers in West Bekasi. The data was analyzed using SEM based on Partial Least Square with the help of Smart PLS Software.4. The analytical method used is outer model test, inner model test, hypothesis test. The research results show that (a) flexible working hours have a positive effect on work loyalty, (b) work rewards have a positive effect on work loyalty, (c) flexible work hours have an effect on compensation, (d) flexible work hours have an effect on work loyalty through the mediation of compensation.

This study analyzes the recruitment and selection system for drivers at PT Banyumas Raya Transportasi. The focus of this research is to identify weaknesses in the existing system and formulate strategic recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of the recruitment and selection process. The research method used is qualitative descriptive, with primary data obtained through interviews with the HRGA division and secondary data from company documents and relevant literature. The findings indicate a high turnover rate and inefficiencies in the recruitment methods, which still rely heavily on traditional approaches such as social media and bulletin boards. To address these issues, this study recommends implementing a digital recruitment system, diversifying recruitment methods, and adopting competency-based selection processes to improve recruitment efficiency and effectiveness. The results of this research are expected to assist the company in developing a more sustainable and competitive workforce.

Teknologi telah menjadi bagian yang tidak bisa dipisahkan dalam kehidupan manusia, bahkan pada usaha dibidang jasa transportasi juga sudah memanfaatkan teknologi yaitu dengan transportasi online seperti Gojek dalam pelayanannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh insentif, adversity quotient dan feedback terhadap kinerja pengemudi gojek di kota Semarang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh pengemudi gojek di kota Semarang dengan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 96 orang. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda yang diolah menggunakan program IBM SPSS statistic versi 25. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Insentif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pengemudi gojek di kota Semarang, Adversity Quotient berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pengemudi gojek di kota Semarang, dan Feedback berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pengemudi gojek di kota Semarang. Technology has become an inseparable part of human life, even businesses in the transportation services sector have also utilized technology, namely online transportation such as Gojek in their services. This research aims to determine the effect of incentives, adversity quotient and feedback on the performance of Gojek drivers in the city of Semarang. The population in this study were all Gojek drivers in the city of Semarang with a research sample using a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling method of 96 people. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis which was processed using the IBM SPSS statistics program version 25. The results of this study state that incentives have a positive and significant effect on the performance of Gojek drivers in the city of Semarang, Adversity Quotient has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Gojek drivers in the city. Semarang, and Feedback has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Gojek drivers in the city of Semarang.

Sexual violence is a serious problem that affects many individuals throughout the world. In this context, drivers associated with acts of sexual violence are often the focus of attention. The responsibility of third parties, such as transportation service providers or application platforms, can be an important factor in providing compensation to victims who have experienced sexual violence by drivers. This research aims to analyze the responsibilities of third parties, especially companies providing transportation services or application platforms that facilitate meetings between drivers and passengers, in providing compensation to victims of sexual violence. This research uses an analytical approach by collecting data and information related to the policies and practices implemented by the Maxim company. The results of the analysis show that the responsibility of third parties, in this case Maxim, has an important role in providing compensation to victims of sexual violence. Maxim is expected to have a clear and transparent policy in handling reports of sexual violence involving their drivers. They should also provide safe and reliable communication channels for victims to report incidents. Apart from that, Maxim must also ensure that there is a fair and thorough investigation process for reports of sexual violence. They must cooperate with law enforcement authorities to ensure that legal action is taken against drivers involved in sexual violence. In addition, Maxim must provide support and assistance to victims of sexual violence, including access to counseling and mentoring services. This research concludes that the responsibility of third parties, such as Maxim, is very important in providing compensation to victims of sexual violence by drivers. Such companies must have clear policies, effective procedures, and open channels of communication so that victims feel heard and protected. In an effort to prevent sexual violence, such companies must also continue to increase awareness and training for their drivers regarding policies and prohibited actions in the context of sexual violence.