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An essential stage in road infrastructure development is land acquisition, which frequently causes project delays due to its complex legal, social, and economic challenges. This study aims to identify the factors that hinder the land acquisition process in the Manado Outer Ring Road (MORR) 3 Phase 4 Construction Project and to assess how these constraints affect the progress of construction activities. The research was conducted using a qualitative case study approach, with data collected through field observations, document reviews, and interviews. The findings indicate that delays in land acquisition are caused by discrepancies in legal status and land ownership, differing perceptions of compensation value, insufficient public socialization, and weak institutional coordination. These issues lead to disruptions in the construction schedule and potential increases in project costs. The study demonstrates that land acquisition necessitates a more cohesive strategy, facilitated by enhanced communication and community engagement, fortified land acquisition management frameworks, and precise verification of ownership data. The results indicate that there must be broader mitigation strategies to prevent similar challenges in future infrastructure projects.

Air memiliki peran penting dalam banyak narasi di dalam Perjanjian Lama, berfungsi sebagai simbol yang kuat dari penciptaan, pemurnian, dan pembebasan. Penelitian ini mengkaji simbolisme air yang multifaset, menjelajahi implikasi spiritual, sosial, dan ekologisnya dari kisah penciptaan hingga pembebasan bangsa Israel dari Mesir. Dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif terhadap teks-teks alkitabiah dan interpretasi ilmiah yang relevan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap makna yang lebih dalam dari air dalam narasi-narasi ini dan bagaimana makna tersebut beresonansi dengan isu-isu kontemporer terkait keberlanjutan dan pengelolaan sumber daya. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa simbolisme air melampaui konteks alkitabiah, menawarkan wawasan tentang tantangan modern terkait dengan kelangkaan air dan pengelolaan lingkungan.

Parole is an important instrument in the social reintegration of inmates, with the Correctional Center (Bapas) playing a role in guidance, assistance, and supervision. This study analyzes the implementation of supervision by the Class I Correctional Center in Bandar Lampung for parole clients, as well as the obstacles encountered. The research employs a normative juridical and empirical approach, using both primary and secondary data, with sources including the Head of the Adult Client Guidance Section and a Criminal Law Lecturer at the University of Lampung. The findings indicate that supervision has been optimal, with no cases of parole revocation. The main obstacles include the absence of clear administrative sanctions, limited authority, weak law enforcement, inadequate facilities and technology, lack of inter-agency coordination, low public participation, and unsupportive client behavior. Improvements in regulations, enhancement of human resources quality, provision of adequate facilities, and strengthening community involvement are required to support the success of social reintegration

The research, titled "Implementation of the Parole Policy for Prisoners at the Class IIA Kupang Penitentiary," explores parole as an integral part of the correctional system, aiming to provide prisoners with a chance to reintegrate into society. This study analyzes the implementation of the parole policy at the Class IIA Kupang Penitentiary, focusing on the mechanisms, challenges, and the impacts on prisoners and the broader community. The research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation studies to gather data. Findings show that the effectiveness of the policy implementation is influenced by several factors, including regulatory frameworks, the readiness of prisoners to reintegrate, and support from their families and local communities. Key challenges identified include limited resources, the social stigma faced by former prisoners, and the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs within the prison system. Despite these challenges, the study highlights the importance of collaboration between the government, prisons, and the community to ensure the successful social reintegration of parolees. It suggests that improving coordination and support structures will contribute to better outcomes for parolees, reducing recidivism rates, and fostering a more inclusive society. In conclusion, the research underscores the need for continued efforts to refine and implement effective parole policies to aid the rehabilitation process and support the broader goals of the correctional system.

The determination of compensation in the process of land acquisition for infrastructure development in Indonesia still faces various complex legal problems. Although has been regulated in Law Number 2 Year 2012, its implementation often creates inequality, both in terms of compensation value and procedures for community involvement. The phrase “decent and fair” in the regulation opens wide room for interpretation, so there is often a mismatch between the value set by the government and the expectations of the community. This imbalance is exacerbated by weak public participation, lack of legal literacy, and the dominance of legal-formalistic approaches. Agrarian conflicts, legal uncertainty, and disregard for the social and cultural values of indigenous peoples also exacerbate the situation. Therefore, policy reforms based on a participatory approach, institutional strengthening, and the use of digital technology to realize transparency and accountability are needed. Fair compensation must ensure protection of citizens' human rights and build trust in the legal system in the development process. 

One of the development efforts within the national development framework, the government/government agencies/institutions at every level carry out development authority for the Public Interest. Based on the concept of the State's Right to Control, the Government, on behalf of the Land State, has the absolute right to regulate, determine and determine land rights for the sake of realizing the welfare of the people. On the other hand, the government has an interest in acquiring land for the public interest. In this research, a juridical study was carried out on what is the state's right to control land in land acquisition for public purposes? And what is the government's authority to acquire land for public purposes? The aim of this research is to determine the state's right to control land for the public interest and to find out what the government's authority is in acquiring land for the public interest. The method used in this research is the Normative Juridical method, namely comprehensively reviewing the legal aspects of statutory provisions related to the settlement of compensation for land acquisition for the public interest. In this research, it was found that the State is only limited to regulating, determining and determining the allocation of land rights, and in procuring land for the public interest, the government or agencies using land as development objects are obliged to provide compensation in accordance with the value determined by the assessment team.

This article discusses the legal policy of parole for criminals, especially serious crimes such as murder, in the context of the penal system in Indonesia. Conditional release is an opportunity given to mechanics to serve the remainder of their sentence outside the Correctional Institution (Lapas) under special supervision. The aim is to encourage rehabilitation so that they can reintegrate into society in a positive way. The juridical analysis in this research focuses on factors that influence the implementation of requirements, which include law, law enforcement officials, facilities and infrastructure, the role of society, and culture. This study uses a qualitative approach. The research results show that conditional forgiveness can function as a compensatory rehabilitation process if carried out with strict supervision and assessment.

The implementation of Parole is part of the guidance efforts based on the request of the convict, by considering the provisions of "Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections, and Government Regulation Number 31 of 1999 concerning Guidance and Guidance of Correctional Inmates, as well as several other implementing regulations. Parole is one of the objectives of the prisoner guidance system which is implemented based on the Correctional system. The goal is to prepare prisoners to be able to integrate with society in a healthy way and return to their role as free and responsible members of society. This process is subject to regulations such as the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number 03 of 2018 concerning the Requirements and Procedures for Granting Remission, Assimilation, Visiting Family Leave, Parole, Leave Before Release, and Conditional Leave. This study aims to analyze the implementation of granting parole to recidivist prisoners in the Class IIA Correctional Institution (Lapas) of Gorontalo City. This study uses a normative-empirical research type in the non-judicial case study category, namely a case study conducted without any conflict, so it does not involve the court. The results of the study indicate that the process of granting parole for recidivist prisoners in Class IIA Penitentiary in Gorontalo City is still faced with various obstacles, including the lack of effective guidance, weak supervision, and inconsistent policies. In addition, there is a negative perception from the community towards granting parole to recidivists, which has an impact on their social reintegration. Based on these findings, it is necessary to review policies and improve guidance and supervision programs for recidivist prisoners to reduce the rate of recidivism and increase the effectiveness of parole as a tool for social reintegration.

This study aims to examine the effect of the implementation of the motor vehicle tax amnesty program, exemption from motor vehicle transfer fees, and taxpayer motivation on compliance in paying motor vehicle tax in Mojokerto Regency. The population in this study were taxpayers adjusted to the number of two-wheeled vehicles in Mojokerto Regency, which was 457,325, the sample in this study used the accidental sampling method, namely random sampling with consideration of ease of access that could be reached by researchers, namely 75 respondents with data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires online and offline. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 22. The results obtained in this study were that the implementation of the tax amnesty program had a significant effect on compliance, exemption from transfer fees did not affect compliance, taxpayer motivation had a significant effect on compliance, and simultaneously all independent variables affected the dependent variable.

The aim of this research is to discuss the implementation of land acquisition for the public interest in terms of the construction of a public cemetery in Sipatana District and the mechanism for providing compensation. This research uses empirical legal methods, by presenting data based on field facts which are then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The research results show that there are problems in acquiring land as the location for the TPU in question. This is marked by the sale and purchase of land to the government by other parties, who are still the family of the land owner, Mr Yamin Tolinggi. What this means is that the seller of the land is not the actual owner but just a nephew who happens to live at that location. Apart from that, the actual owner demands payment from the land, which is then confirmed by evidence and ownership rights based on court decisions. Disposal of land is a last resort and must obtain approval from the party entitled to the land, however, the land release was in error, where the government incorrectly provided compensation or payment to parties who were not actually the owners of the land. The mechanism for providing compensation for land acquisition by the government for the construction of TPU in Sipatana District is carried out by the Gorontalo Province and Gorontalo City governments on land covering an area of ​​27,766 m2 or around 2.7 hectares. However, land acquisition payments made by both the provincial and Gorontalo city governments were given to those who were not actually entitled to them. The total compensation for land acquisition was IDR 3.5 billion, but the entire amount was given to other parties. Therefore, the real owner then sued over his approximately 7,186 meter land and won in court, and in the end the Gorontalo provincial government awarded compensation of Rp. 750 million (seven hundred and fifty million rupiah) to land owners, through the 2023 APBD budget.

Muslims around the world, including Indonesia, have long faced colonialism (al-isti'mâriyyah). The significant deterioration of the lives of Muslims and long-term suffering in almost all spheres of life. Muslims will always be the monthly force of the infidels who dominate important sectors. One of the causes of moral decadence is the unstoppable entry of foreign cultures through social media and the lack of knowledge in filtering incoming cultures. The purpose of this study is to further explain the concepts of the Quran related to moral education, and to understand the concept of human liberation in the perspective of the Quran. This research model uses literature review techniques to examine several verses of the Quran related to the research topic. The results showed that efforts to improve the character and behavior of Muslims are by freeing mankind from ignorance, poverty, and neglect of Islamic moral values.

Abu Sayyaf is a separatist group originating from the Philippines with headquarters in Western Mindanao, Basilan, Jolo and Sulu. The existence of the Abu Sayyaf is trying to build the Islamic Mindanao Islamic State (MIS). Abdurrajak Janjalani is the leader of the Abu Sayyaf which is affiliated with the Al Qaeda terrorist network. The Abu Sayyaf's actions are considered extreme and disturbing the people of the Philippines and the Southeast Asian region. The footprints built by the Abu Sayyaf tend towards radicalism and acts of terrorism. The Abu Sayyaf carries out many bombings and kidnappings and has expanded into maritime areas by pirating ships. Indonesia became one of the countries that fell victim to piracy in 2016 when the barge Anand 12 and tugboat Brahma 12 were hijacked while traveling to Batangas, Southern Philippines. The aim of the piracy was so that the Abu Sayyaf could receive ransom money to fund their struggle. The Indonesian government has made various efforts to free Indonesian citizens who are being held hostage. The Indonesian government is prioritizing the negotiation route in this case. Indonesia is coordinating with the Philippine government, involving non-state actors in carrying out a social approach. The involvement of non-government actors is an opening to build dialogue with the Abu Sayyaf until the negotiation process is successful.

Sampah merupakan suatu hal yang selalu ada dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Semua yang beraktivitas pasti akan menghasilkan sampah dan begitu juga yang terjadi di Dusun Condrowangsan Kecamatan Banguntapan Kabupaten Bantul. Permasalahan dari penelitian ini adalah proses pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan belum masuk dalam kategori yang baik dan benar dikarenakan proses pengelolaan dilakukan dengan pembuangan yang tidak pada tempatnya dan dengan proses pembakaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sistem pengelolaan sampah yang ada di Desa Disanah Kecamatan Sreseh Kabupaten Sampang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan rancang bangun observasional deskriptif. Teknik penelitian yang dilakukan dengan cara survei lapangan, focus group discussion yang melibatkan partisipan, wawancara terbuka, dan studi literatur. Partisipan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perwakilan dari Badan Lingkungan Hidup, kepala desa, badan perwakilan desa, karang taruna, dan organisasi yang ada di desa. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pengelolaan sampah di Desa tersebut masih kurang baik hal ini dikarenakan tidak adanya lahan untuk pembangunan tempat penampungan sementara, fasilitas sarana dan prasarana yang masih belum baik, dan tingkat kesadaran masyarakat yang masih rendah akan pentingnya pengelolaan sampah dengan baik dan benar. Saran yang bisa diberikan adalah dengan melakukan sosialisasi tentang pengelolaan sampah yang baik dan benar, jadwal rutin gotong royong bersih desa dan memasukkan anggaran untuk pembebasan lahan yang akan digunakan untuk tempat penampungan sementara.    

Pengadaan tanah adalah kegiatan memperoleh tanah dengan cara memberikan kompensasi kepada mereka yang telah melepaskan atau meninggalkan tanah, bangunan, tanaman, atau barang- barang yang berhubungan dengan tanah. Kajian yang berjudul Pemberian Penggantian Kerugian Untuk Pembangunan Jalan Tol Kulon progo Solo-Yogyakarta Berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden 71 Tahun 2012, ini menjelaskan bagaimana cara pemberian ganti rugi atas pembangunan Jalan Tol Kulon progo Solo-Yogyakarta dan Bagaimana proses penyelesaian terhadap masyarakat yang tidak setuju terhadap pembebasan lahan dalam pembangunan Jalan Tol Kulon progo Solo- Yogyakarta berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden 71 Tahun 2012.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penyusunan skripsi ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan sosiologishukum. Jenis dan sumber data menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Wawancara dan dokumentasi digunakan sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Metode analisis data menggunakan sifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian skripsi ini adalah sebagai berikut 1. Dalam expositions pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan Jalan Tol Kulon Progo Solo-Yogyakarta telah melalui beberapa tahapan yakni, Perencanaan, Penetapan lokasi, Penyuluhan/ Sosialisasi, Identifikasi dan Inventarisasi, Penilaian, Musyawarah, Pembayaran Ganti Rugi dan Pelepasan Hak. 2. Penyelesaian ganti rugi pengadaan tanah untuk kepentingan umum apabila pemilik tanah tidak sepakat dengan besamya ganti rugi yang telah ditetapkan, menurut pasal 87 Undang-undang Nomor 71 Tahun 2012 bahwa Dalam hal pihak yang berhak menolak bentuk dan/ atau besamya ganli rugi dan tidak mengajukan keberatan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam pasal 86 ayat (3) huruf a, ganti kerugian dapat diambil dalam waktu yang dikehendaki oleh pihak yang berhak dengan surat pengantar dari ketua pelaksana pengadaan tanah, dan menurut pasal 88 Undang-undang Nomor 71 Tahun 2012 bahwa Dalam hal pihak yang berhak menolak bentuk dan/ atau besamya ganti kerugian berdasarkan keputusan pengadilan negeri/ mahkamah agung yang telah memperoleh kekuatan hukum tetap sebagaimana dimaksud dalam pasal 86 ayat (3) huruf b, ganti kerugian dapat diambil oleh pihak yang berhak setiap tetapi membawa surat pengantar dari ketua pelaksana pengadaan tanah.   Kata Kunci : Ganti Rugi, Pengadaan Tanah, Kepentingan Umum

Suatu negara pasti menginginkan pemerintahan kerakyatan yang menjunjung tinggi kemerdekaan rakyat. Demokrasi adalah bentuk pemerintahan yang mana seluruh masyarakat boleh mengumpulkan kesimpulan yang merubah kehidupannya. Demokrasi meliputi kondisi sosial, ekonomi serta budaya menuntut pembebasan politik yang bebas dan sama. Keinginan demokratis ini didasarkan pada kesadaran jika pemerintah yang demokrasi memberikan kesempatan untuk munculnya pendapat penghormatan terhadap adanya orang bagi partisipasi didalam hidup bernegara, dan dihormati oleh masyarakatnya. Setiap negara memiliki khasnya tersendiri didalam menjalankan kekuasaan masyarakat ataupun demokrasi. Ini karena sejarah suatu negara yang menggambarkan budaya, cara hidupnya, dan keinginan yang mau dicapai. Atas ini di seluruh negara ada gaya demokrasi yang unik tergambar dalam pola perilaku, kepercayaan dan kesadaran yang melandasi dan mengarah terhadap perilaku dan suatu proses demokrasi terhadap proses politik. Demikian juga Indonesia, Indonesia mempunyai dasar ataupun pacuan sendiri di dalam sistem demokrasi yakni Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Penjelasan tentang demokrasi di dalam konstitusi Indonesia terdapat pada ide demokrasi begitu juga di dalam UUD 1945. Jurnal ini akan membahas hakikat, instrumental dan nilai-nilai praktis demokrasi di Indonesia yang berpijak terhadap Pancasila dan juga UUD 1945 bagaikan wahana penyelenggara suatu negara yang mampu menciptakan peta konseptual dana atau operasi atas suatu persoalan sebagai wahana bersama bagi negara. administrator yang makmur dan adil. Cara penelitian yang dipakai di dalam penyusunan jurnal ini adalah deskriptif normatif yakni mendeskripsikan, menganalisis dan menafsirkan demokrasi Indonesia berlandaskan Pancasila dan UUD 1945 yang serta diatur di dalam Pembukaan abad ke-4 UUD 1945. Tujuan penulisan jurnal ini adalah untuk Rakyat Indonesia untuk lebih memahami nilai-nilai demokrasi yang mendasarinya. Pancasila dan UUD 1945B, agar nantinya penyelenggaraan demokrasi dapat berjalan dengan baik dan dapat berdampak positif bagi bangsa Indonesia.

Pemakaian perangkat teknologi informasi atau komputer pada UKM bukan tanpa resiko, apalagi jika perangkat tersebut terpasang dalam basis jaringan dan internet. Operasi pemanfaatan teknologi informasi pada UKM dimungkinkan terdapat perbedaan dibanding dengan bisnis dengan skala besar (enterprise). Perbedaan pendekatan penerapan TI dilatarbelakangi oleh keterbatasan sumber daya yang dimiliki oleh UKM. Namun keamanan komputer memiliki standar yang harus dipenuhi untuk menjamin keamanannya. Data atau informasi dianggap aman jika memenuhi persyaratan berupa kerahasiaan (confidentiality), integrasi (integraty), dan Otentikasi (othentication). Persyaratan tersebut merupakan bagian dari aspek keamanan yang harus dipenuhi. Model pengendalian resiko dan pembebasan dari bahaya ancaman keamanan terhadap sumber daya informasi dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu pencegahan (preventive) dan penyembuahan atau perbaikan (recovery/corrective). Model pengendalian tersebut harus dapat diimplementasikan oleh UKM baik pada bagian front-office maupun back-office. Upaya perlindungan terhadap perangkat teknologi ionformasi harus dimulai dari atasan (top manjemen). Tanpa danya kemauan dari top manajemen maka tidak mungkin system keamanan dapat diimplementasikan. Top manajemen pada UKM dapat memutuskan prioritas manajemen atau manfaat keamanan sistem informasi. Setiap ukuran keamanan yang dirancang manajer usaha kecil dan menengah untuk menjaga keamanan komputer dan sistem informasi UKM harus diterapkan system keamanan secara yang komprehensif terhadap semua system yang berpotensi terhadap hilangnya keamanan computer. Langkah-langkah yang dapat ditempuh untuk pengendalian keamanan berupa pengendalian dan proteksi, melakukan  monitoring dan auditing, serta selalu memahami masalah-masalah yang muncul terhadap ancaman dan serangan. Kata kunci : UKM, implementasi, keamanan, dan pengendalian