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Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

- Background: The rate of cesarean section (CS) deliveries continues to increase in Indonesia. Bali Province ranks first nationally, with a cesarean delivery rate of 53.2%. Cesarean section results in surgical wounds that cause pain in postpartum mothers. One non-pharmacological intervention to reduce pain is early mobilization through video media. Objective: This study aimed to determine the differences in pain intensity among post-cesarean mothers before and after receiving early mobilization through video media. Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The study population consisted of post-cesarean mothers at Singasana Regional General Hospital. A total of 26 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted of early mobilization delivered through a 3-minute and 23-second video, accompanied by healthcare personnel. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: Most respondents were aged 20–35 years, multiparous, had completed senior high school, and were employed. The median pain intensity decreased from 5.00 before the intervention to 3.00 after the intervention. The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in pain intensity before and after the intervention. Conclusion: Early mobilization through video media was effective in reducing pain intensity among post-cesarean mothers. Video media can be utilized as an educational tool to support the implementation of early mobilization in healthcare settings..

Primary dysmenorrhea frequently disrupts the academic and daily activities of adolescent girls. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 5-minute warm compress application in reducing menstrual pain intensity. A quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted on 42 female students of SMAN 28 Batam selected through purposive sampling. Participants applied a warm compress (40–45 °C) to the lower abdomen for 5 minutes. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. Before the intervention, 42.9% of participants reported severe pain (NRS 7–10). After the 5-minute application, the severe pain category disappeared entirely (0%), with 57.1% of subjects shifting to the mild pain category (NRS 1–3). Statistical analysis showed a significant reduction in dysmenorrhea intensity (p < 0.001). A 5-minute warm compress application is a rapid and effective non-pharmacological intervention for relieving primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. Its practicality makes this method a feasible self-care strategy to implement in school settings.

Soft Tissue Tumor (STT) is an abnormal lump or swelling caused by new cell growth originating from connective tissue. Post-operative STT presents major nursing problems including acute pain, knowledge deficit, and risk of infection that require comprehensive nursing care. This scientific paper aims to describe nursing care for Mr. R with post-operative Soft Tissue Tumor (STT) Gluteal Sinistra in Mawar 2 Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo Tegal Regency. The writing method used is descriptive with a case study plan through interviews, physical examination, observation, and documentation. Assessment was conducted on February 8, 2026 on Mr. R, a 37-year-old male, who underwent left gluteal tumor removal surgery on February 7, 2026. Assessment results identified three nursing diagnoses: acute pain related to physical injury agent (D.0077), knowledge deficit related to lack of information exposure (D.0111), and risk of infection evidenced by invasive procedure effects (D.0142). After nursing interventions for 2x24 hours on February 8–9, 2026, evaluation showed all three nursing diagnoses resolved: pain scale decreased from 6 to 2, the client was able to re-explain the tumor disease, and the surgical wound was clean without signs of infection. The conclusion of this nursing care shows that the application of deep breathing relaxation techniques, health education, and proper wound care are effective in addressing nursing problems in post-operative Soft Tissue Tumor patients.

Introduction: Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥90 mmHg that has the potential to cause serious complications. The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 34.11% (Riskesdas, 2018), in Central Java 37.57%, and in Tonjong Village 15,951 patients aged ≥15 years were recorded (Tonjong Health Center, 2025). Purpose: To provide direct and comprehensive family nursing care to Ny. T, the family of Tn. D, with hypertension in Tonjong Village, Dukuh Kauman RT 03 RW 04, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Method: Case study with a nursing process approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation, conducted on December 26–29, 2025. Results: Assessment revealed that Ny. T complained of dizziness, neck pain, difficulty sleeping, and soreness in both legs with blood pressure of 167/100 mmHg. The family had no knowledge about hypertension. Two diagnoses were established: Acute Pain (D.0077) and Knowledge Deficit (D.0111). Interventions included complementary foot massage therapy to address acute pain and health education on hypertension. After three visits, the Acute Pain diagnosis was partially resolved with a decrease in pain scale from 3 to 2 and blood pressure from 167/100 mmHg to 150/95 mmHg, while the Knowledge Deficit diagnosis was fully resolved. Conclusion: Family Nursing Care with the SDKI, SLKI, and SIKI approach had a positive impact on improving the condition of Ny. T. It is recommended that the client continue foot massage independently, implement the five family health tasks, and routinely utilize health facilities.

Tumor Left Scapular Region is an abnormal tissue growth in the left scapular area that can cause pain, mobility disturbances, and decreased upper extremity function. The aim of writing this case study was to obtain a description of the implementation of nursing care for Ny. H with Post-Operative Tumor Left Scapular Region in Mawar 2 Ward, RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. The method used is a case study with a nursing process approach including assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation conducted on February 8–9, 2026. The assessment results showed that the patient complained of pain in the post-operative wound of the left scapula with a pain scale of 5, there was a risk of infection due to the operative wound, and the patient lacked knowledge about the disease experienced. Nursing diagnoses established were acute pain, risk of infection, and knowledge deficit. After nursing actions were carried out for 2×24 hours, pain decreased, no signs of infection were found in the operative wound, and patient knowledge increased. It can be concluded that the application of nursing care in patients with Tumor Left Scapular Region was able to help reduce pain, prevent infection, and increase patient knowledge to support the healing process optimally.

Background: Community nursing is a specialty field that combines nursing science skills, public health sciences, and social assistance in addressing individual and family health problems, including non-communicable diseases such as gout arthritis. Gout arthritis is a metabolic disease characterized by pain and joint inflammation due to the accumulation of purine crystals (hyperuricemia). The WHO reports a prevalence of gout arthritis reaching 3.74% globally, while in Indonesia the prevalence reaches 11.9% based on health worker diagnosis. In Brebes Regency, the prevalence reaches 13.67%, with 3,078 sufferers out of 22,550 productive-age population. Objective: To provide comprehensive community nursing care to Ny. R with musculoskeletal system disorder: gout arthritis in Tonjong Village, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Method: This study uses a case study approach with data collection through interview, observation, physical examination, and documentation study conducted on December 26–28, 2025. Results: Assessment findings showed that Ny. R, a 60-year-old woman, had a history of gout arthritis for 3 months with uric acid levels of 9.6 mg/dL, complaining of pain and aching in the left foot with pain scale 3. Two nursing diagnoses were established: acute pain and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included pain management, uric acid level monitoring, lemongrass stem decoction foot soak complementary therapy, and health education using leaflets. After 2 days of implementation, uric acid levels decreased to 8.2 mg/dL and pain scale decreased to 2. Conclusion: Community nursing care through complementary therapy (lemongrass stem decoction foot soak) and health education effectively reduced pain and improved knowledge about gout arthritis in Ny. R.

Background: Gout arthritis is a metabolic disease caused by excessive uric acid levels in the blood (hyperuricemia), which leads to monosodium urate crystal deposition in the joints. Globally, the prevalence of gout arthritis ranges from 1–4% of the general population. In Indonesia, the national prevalence reaches approximately 7.3% based on medical diagnosis, and in Brebes Regency, cases reach 62.4%. At the Tonjong Health Center service area, the prevalence of gout arthritis in Karanganyar Hamlet, Tonjong Village, reaches 2.04%. Gout arthritis requires comprehensive nursing care including pain management and health education to prevent recurrence. Objective: To implement nursing care for Ny. S, family of Tn. S, with musculoskeletal system disorder: gout arthritis in Karanganyar Hamlet, Tonjong Village, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Method: This study used a case study design with a single patient/family subject. Data collection was conducted through interview, observation, physical examination, and study documentation on December 26–27, 2025 at the patient's home. Results: Assessment revealed Ny. S (72 years) experienced acute pain in the right knee joint with a pain scale of 3/10 and uric acid level of 7.3 mg/dL, along with knowledge deficit regarding gout arthritis. Two nursing diagnoses were established: acute pain and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included pain management education, non-pharmacological therapy (turmeric decoction), pharmacological therapy (allopurinol), and health education. Implementation was conducted over two visits. Evaluation results showed that acute pain was partially resolved (pain scale reduced to 2/10, uric acid 7.2 mg/dL) and knowledge deficit was resolved. Conclusion: Nursing care for patients with gout arthritis through pain management and health education can reduce pain intensity and improve family knowledge about the disease. Non-pharmacological intervention with turmeric decoction contributed to decreasing uric acid levels and pain. Keywords: gout arthritis, acute pain, knowledge deficit, family nursing care, non-pharmacological therapy

Fractures are one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders caused by trauma, repetitive stress, or pathological factors. Supracondylar femur fracture is a type of femur fracture occurring at the distal 12 cm of the femur, and Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) is the primary surgical intervention. Post-operative ORIF patients commonly experience impaired physical mobility and impaired skin integrity. This study aimed to provide comprehensive nursing care to a patient post-ORIF for right supracondylar femur fracture in the Mawar 2 Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. A descriptive method with a nursing process approach was used, employing interview, observation, documentation study, and literature study. Nursing assessments conducted on February 8, 2026 revealed that the patient (Ny. S, female, 68 years) experienced pain at the surgical site with a scale of 7, inability to move both lower extremities (muscle strength score 2), and a post-operative wound approximately 10 cm in length with redness and edema. Two nursing diagnoses were established: impaired physical mobility related to neuromuscular disorders and impaired structural bone integrity, and impaired skin/tissue integrity related to invasive procedure effects. Nursing interventions included mobilization support, pain management, wound care, and collaborative administration of medical therapy. After two days of nursing implementation, both diagnoses were partially resolved. Discharge planning focused on gradual mobilization, independent wound care, and high-protein and high-calorie diet to accelerate recovery.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global public health concern, with hypertension affecting an estimated 1.4 billion adults worldwide. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension among individuals aged 18 years and above reached 30.8% in 2023. In Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes, the number of hypertension sufferers aged 15 years and above reached 15,951 people in 2025. Objective: To implement comprehensive family nursing care for Ny. S, family of Tn. F, who experienced cardiovascular system disorders due to hypertension in Desa Karang Jati RT 01 RW 05, Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes. Method: This study used a descriptive narrative method with a nursing process approach (assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation), conducted through home visits over three days from December 26–28, 2025. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation. Results: Two nursing diagnoses were identified: acute pain related to hypertension and knowledge deficit regarding hypertension. Nursing interventions included pain management, oral medication administration (captopril 25 mg), and health education. Complementary non-pharmacological therapy using cucumber juice was applied once daily for three days. Conclusion: After three days of nursing implementation, both nursing diagnoses were fully resolved. Blood pressure decreased from 165/90 mmHg to 132/77 mmHg and the pain scale reduced from 4 to 1. Discharge planning was provided including recommendations for routine blood pressure monitoring, healthy lifestyle, and consistent medication adherence.

Background: Acute pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharynx caused by viral or bacterial infections, frequently resulting in sore throat, fever, and dysphagia. This condition is among the most prevalent acute respiratory tract infections in children and adolescents worldwide, contributing significantly to morbidity and the burden of healthcare services. Objective: This case study aimed to describe the comprehensive nursing care provided to patient An. F with acute pharyngitis at Ward Anggrek 1, RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. Methods: A descriptive study design with a nursing process approach was employed. Data were collected through anamnesis, physical examination, observation, and documentation review. The nursing process encompassed assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention planning, implementation, and evaluation. Results: Assessment revealed chief complaints of throat pain (NRS scale 5), fever (38.8°C), erythematous tonsils, and nutritional deficit. Three nursing diagnoses were established: acute pain related to physiological injury, hyperthermia related to disease process, and knowledge deficit related to insufficient information exposure. Interventions included pain management, hyperthermia management, and health education. Following two days of nursing care, the patient’s condition significantly improved, with pain scale reduced from 5 to 3 and body temperature normalized to 37.7°C. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing care incorporating pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches effectively reduced pain and fever, and improved patient and family health literacy regarding acute pharyngitis.

Typhoid fever is a febrile illness that commonly occurs in urban areas with poor sanitation. It is usually caused by the consumption of untreated water and contaminated food. Because the S. typhi bacterium can survive in water for days, contamination of surface water—such as wastewater, freshwater, and groundwater—serves as the primary cause of typhoid fever. The patient presented to the Emergency Department of Cut Meutia General Hospital with complaints of high fever for approximately 4 days prior to admission, which had worsened over the past 2 days. The fever fluctuated and was accompanied by chills. It worsened at night and was not influenced by weather or temperature. These symptoms were accompanied by vomiting every time the patient tried to eat, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, and weakness. The patient reported vomiting the contents of their meal every time they ate, leading to a loss of appetite. These symptoms began when the patient first developed a fever. The patient also experienced abdominal pain. Spontaneous bleeding was denied. On physical examination, the patient appeared weak but was alert and oriented. On neck examination, palpable enlargement of the thyroid glands was found on the right and left sides of the neck, measuring 2x2 cm, mobile, and soft. On abdominal examination, increased bowel sounds were noted. Vital signs were normal except for the patient’s febrile temperature. Laboratory tests revealed a Tubex blood test result of scale 4 and a positive dengue IgG serology result.

 Background: Perineal pain due to episiotomy is a common complaint experienced by postpartum mothers and can affect patient comfort, mobility, and recovery. Nonpharmacological pain management is needed to help reduce discomfort with minimal risk of side effects. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of applying cold compresses using ice packs in reducing perineal pain intensity in postpartum mothers with episiotomy. Methods: The study used a descriptive case study design in three vaginal postpartum patients with episiotomy who were treated in the postpartum ward. The intervention involved applying cold compresses using ice packs to the perineal area for 10–15 minutes, as per nursing procedures. Pain was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. Findings: The results showed a decrease in pain intensity in all patients after the application of cold compresses. Patient P1 experienced a decrease in pain score from 5 to 4, patient P2 from 6 to 5, and patient P3 from 5 to 4, with an average decrease of 1 point. Implications: Cold compresses using ice packs have the potential to be an effective non-pharmacological nursing intervention to help reduce perineal pain and improve the comfort of postpartum mothers with episiotomies during the care period.

Postoperative pain following Sectio Caesarea (SC) is a common clinical problem, reported within the first 24 hours in approximately 50-85% of patients. This postoperative pain can affect maternal comfort, early mobilization, and the recovery process. Theoretically, post-SC pain is associated with tissue trauma and nociceptive responses. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is an increasingly implemented method because it is considered capable of accelerating postoperative recovery and reducing pain intensity after surgical procedures. This study aimed to describe the distribution of post-Sectio Caesarea pain intensity based on patient characteristics. This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with an observational approach. Data were collected using a total sampling technique from all post-SC patients managed with the ERAS method at RSI Fatimah over a one-month period, with a total of 50 respondents. The research instrument used was the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed univariately in the form of frequency and percentage distributions. The results showed that the majority of respondents were in early adulthood (26-35 years), accounting for 40 respondents (80.0%), multiparous women totaled 30 respondents (60.0%), maternal indications were found in 33 respondents (66.0%), and 27 respondents (54.0%) had no previous history of SC. Within the first 2 hours after SC, most mothers experienced mild pain (scale 1-3), totaling 31 respondents (62.0%). At 8 hours after analgesic administration, mild pain remained predominant, with 36 respondents (72.0%). In conclusion, most mothers who underwent Sectio Caesarea using the ERAS method experienced mild pain during the early postoperative period.

The emergence of Large-Format Printing (LFP) technology has transformed global visual communication by enabling the production of large-scale, high-quality printed materials, significantly influencing Nigeria’s graphic design industry. This study aims to examine the impact of LFP on graphic design practice (GDP) in 21st-century Nigeria and propose strategies for sustainable development while addressing emerging challenges. A mixed-method approach was employed, with a primary qualitative focus through interviews and participant observation, supported by quantitative data collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire to assess designers’ perceptions of LFP’s influence. The findings reveal a dual impact. On the positive side, LFP has enhanced design scale, print quality, creative flexibility, and production efficiency, effectively overcoming the limitations of earlier methods such as letterpress printing, manual clamp offset printing, and hand-painted signboards. However, several challenges persist, including the oversaturation of practitioners, increased design piracy, and issues of color inconsistency, which undermine quality outcomes. These challenges highlight gaps in professional standards and regulation within the industry. The study concludes that while LFP has driven innovation and growth in Nigeria’s graphic design sector, its optimal benefits are constrained by the proliferation of unaccredited freelance designers. Therefore, the study recommends the implementation of targeted training programs and stricter professional accreditation systems through relevant regulatory bodies to ensure sustainable development and maximize the transformative potential of LFP technology.

Postoperative pain following Sectio Caesarea (SC) is a common clinical problem, reported within the first 24 hours in approximately 50-85% of patients. This postoperative pain can affect maternal comfort, early mobilization, and the recovery process. Theoretically, post-SC pain is associated with tissue trauma and nociceptive responses. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is an increasingly implemented method because it is considered capable of accelerating postoperative recovery and reducing pain intensity after surgical procedures. This study aimed to describe the distribution of post-Sectio Caesarea pain intensity based on patient characteristics. This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with an observational approach. Data were collected using a total sampling technique from all post-SC patients managed with the ERAS method at RSI Fatimah over a one-month period, with a total of 50 respondents. The research instrument used was the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed univariately in the form of frequency and percentage distributions. The results showed that the majority of respondents were in early adulthood (26-35 years), accounting for 40 respondents (80.0%), multiparous women totaled 30 respondents (60.0%), maternal indications were found in 33 respondents (66.0%), and 27 respondents (54.0%) had no previous history of SC. Within the first 2 hours after SC, most mothers experienced mild pain (scale 1-3), totaling 31 respondents (62.0%). At 8 hours after analgesic administration, mild pain remained predominant, with 36 respondents (72.0%). In conclusion, most mothers who underwent Sectio Caesarea using the ERAS method experienced mild pain during the early postoperative period.

Background: Sectio caesarea can delay physical function recovery in postpartum mothers, affecting daily activities. Early mobilization is an intervention that may accelerate recovery. Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of early mobilization in accelerating physical function recovery in post-sectio caesarea patients at RS Muhammadiyah Selogiri. Method: Quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Thirty-four postpartum mothers were divided into intervention (n=17) and control (n=17) groups. The Barthel Index, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and observation sheets were used. Results: The intervention group showed faster recovery with significant improvements in Barthel Index scores, time to ambulate independently, and pain reduction (p<0.001). Conclusion: Early mobilization effectively accelerates physical function recovery in post-sectio caesarea patients.

Background: Sectio caesarea can delay physical function recovery in postpartum mothers, affecting daily activities. Early mobilization is an intervention that may accelerate recovery. Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of early mobilization in accelerating physical function recovery in post-sectio caesarea patients at RS Muhammadiyah Selogiri. Method: Quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Thirty-four postpartum mothers were divided into intervention (n=17) and control (n=17) groups. The Barthel Index, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and observation sheets were used. Results: The intervention group showed faster recovery with significant improvements in Barthel Index scores, time to ambulate independently, and pain reduction (p<0.001). Conclusion: Early mobilization effectively accelerates physical function recovery in post-sectio caesarea patients.

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa that often causes pain in the epigastric area, which can reduce patient comfort and quality of life. This condition requires treatment that is not only pharmacological, but can also be supported by non-pharmacological interventions such as warm compresses that function to provide a relaxing effect and improve blood circulation. This study aims to determine the effect of warm compresses on reducing pain intensity in gastritis patients. The research method used was descriptive with a case study approach on one patient treated in the inpatient ward. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation using the PQRST method to assess pain. The intervention in the form of warm compresses was given for three days with a frequency of once a day for ± 15–20 minutes in the epigastric area. The results showed a gradual decrease in pain intensity from a scale of 6 to a scale of 2 after the intervention, as well as an increase in patient comfort. The implications of this study indicate that warm compresses can be used as an effective, safe, and easy-to-implement independent nursing intervention to help reduce pain in gastritis patients and improve the quality of nursing care.