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This study aims to analyze waste management in Indonesia from 2001 to 2022, and identify challenges and solutions that can be implemented to improve the effectiveness of waste management. Waste is a major problem affecting the environment and public health, with around 34.29% of waste in Indonesia not being managed properly. This research uses a descriptive approach by analyzing data related to policies, infrastructure, and community participation in waste management. The results showed that although there are regulations governing waste management, the main challenges faced are low public awareness and limited waste management infrastructure in many regions. The research also found that collaboration between the government, communities and the private sector is crucial in creating sustainable solutions. In addition, the development of environmentally friendly waste management technologies, such as Waste Power Plants (PLTSa), can be an innovative solution to reduce the negative impact of waste on the environment. This research suggests the need to strengthen regulations, increase public awareness, and develop more efficient and environmentally friendly waste management technologies.

  Utilization of new renewable energy is a solution to meet the increasing electricity demand, one of which is solar power generation technology. Solar panels are a renewable power generator that is environmentally friendly. The relatively low and unstable output voltage of PV is affected by solar irradiation, which becomes a constraint. Therefore, by utilizing a boost converter, the solar panel system is able to work 25% more optimally compared to without using a boost converter. The performance of solar panels when using a boost converter is around 83.3% and without using it, the performance is only about 58.3%. The average output power when using the boost converter is 1,521 W, whereas without using the boost converter, the average output power is 1,172 W. This indicates that the output power is more stable when using the boost converter compared to not using it. This research focuses on a boost converter with PID control as a support, optimizer, and voltage stabilizer where the output power on the solar panel is expected to be more optimal and the output from the solar panel is more stable with more optimal results in various conditions. In this study, 12 solar panels of 125 WP with a capacity of 1.5 KW are used in series-parallel to obtain the required power. If the output from the solar panel is insufficient due to weather conditions, the voltage will be increased by the boost converter towards the inverter so that the voltage remains stable into the inverter with the boost converter. This boost converter uses PID control to keep the output voltage stable.  

Solar Power Plant is a photovoltaic system to convert electromagnetic energy from sunlight into electrical energy. This solar power plant is one of the recommended solutions for fulfilling electricity needs in remote rural areas where the PLN electricity network does not enter and has abundant sunlight and fuel is difficult to obtain. Based on data from the Global Solar Atlas, Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism, Galis, Pamekasan Regency has a sunlight potential of 4,603 kWh/m² per day. Therefore, it is unfortunate if this potential is not optimally utilised to build an off-grid solar power plant. The purpose of the research is to assess the feasibility of installing PLTS in Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism in terms of technical, economic, and investment feasibility analysis. From the research results, to meet the electricity demand of 15,055 kWh, it needs 12 200 Wp PV modules assembled in 6 series 2 parallel, 8 12V 200Ah batteries with 4 series 2 parallel, and 1 3 kW hybrid inverter are needed. From the simulation results, the estimated energy that can be produced is 35 kWh with a performance of the system is 61.42%. In terms of investment, the initial capital required is Rp89,954,000 so that the NPV value is obtained at Rp1,725,979, PI is 1.01, and PBP is estimated to fall in year 22 month 11.

Based on national policy, renewable energy is a source of energy that can be renewed, such as water, geothermal, sun, biomass, wind, changes in sea temperature, biogas, biofuel and sea waves. The sun is a type of renewable energy that is used to fulfill human needs. This condition is because the sun is basically eternal or never runs out, so its use is easier than other renewable energy. PLTS is a power plant that converts sunlight energy into electrical energy, often called a solar cell. This design is intended to study the hybrid PLTS design system to reduce dependence on electrical energy from PLN. A hybrid system is a system that uses two energy sources which will then back up each other. The results of this test in the solar panel test, the highest voltage was 17.51 ​​and the highest current produced by the solar panel was 4.12, and the battery charging test for 9 hours was 51.85Ah. Weather conditions and time differences cause the light intensity received by the panel to produce varying values, voltage, current and power due to uncertain weather conditions.

As time goes by, the rapid development of technology has brought various conveniences to people's daily activities.  An example of the continuation of technology is microcontrollers and electronic devices that can be connected to the network. One of them is the industrial sector in the PLTS plant at the 7 Mwp On-Grid PLTS Pt. Infrastructure Terbarukan Cemerlang Sengkol which has PV Box generating equipment that requires temperature and humidity control to determine the cause of corrosion that occurs in the PV Box.This study is intended as a solution in monitoring PV Box generating equipment. This technology development uses the Internet of Things (IoT) which combines the physical and virtual worlds. In this research, the method used is the experimental measurement method, making the system created more real and detailed. In research using DHT11 equipment which has the advantage of being able to estimate temperature and humidity. NodeMCU ESP32 as a microcontroller connected to the blynk platform via the internet functions to manage hardware, show evidence of sensors, secure data, depict data, and others. The results of the research on designing a temperature and humidity monitoring system at the 7 Mwp On-Grid PLTS Pt. Infrastructure Terbarukan Cemerlang Sengkol were successfully created and produced positive effects by being monitored using the blynk platform. This research was carried out in real time using a cell phone wherever you are. This research shows that temperature measurements from the DHT11 sensor obtained an average temperature of 31.78%, while the average humidity value was 85.96%, which indicates that the room being measured had high humidity. By considering these two findings, it can be concluded that the cause of corrosion in the room is high humidity and redox reactions from various substances in the environment.

The impact of a policy can occur outside the wishes of the policy formulator or commonly called unexpected impacts. PLTSA Benowo is the result of collaboration between the Surabaya City Government and PT Sumber Organik and is equipped with gasification power plant technology which is regulated in PERPRES No. 35 of 2018. This PLTSA policy is a form of handling the national waste problem, such as eliminating waste and providing socio-economic benefits in the vicinity. The purpose of this study was to analyze and describe how the evaluation of the impact that occurred from the PLTSA development policy on the community of Sumberrejo Village, Pakal District, Surabaya City. The research method in this study uses descriptive qualitative methods, for data collection through observation, documentation, and observation. The results of this study show 3 indicators including Individual Impact shows the positive impact of PLTSa for the Community economically, while the negative impact shows that it is not disturbed from the remaining emissions from the waste combustion process released by PLTSa Benowo. Community Impact The positive impact shows that it affects the increase in the economy of the wider community of Sumberrejo Village, while the negative impact is that the community feels an increase in air pollution that disturbs the comfort of the community due to air pollution from PLTSa Benowo. Social System Impact The positive impact shows a change in the social system in the community because there is an increase in economic structure and a reduction in unemployment, while the negative impact shows there is an indication of social inequality such as feelings of envy from people who do not get economic benefits from PLTSa to people who get economic benefits from PLTSa Benowo.  

The simulation in this research investigates the possibility of using the walls of the rectorate building on the Bina Bangsa campus to install a wall area solar energy system. The building walls are simulated, becoming a representation of the walls of other buildings. PLTS electricity calculations use an interconnected Solar Power Plant [PLTS] system. Research shows that the building has a wall area of 10,353 m2 which can be used to install solar panels. The total electrical power produced in the area is 2030 kWp or 2.03 MWp. The power is divided into four, namely 630 kWp east of the roof, 535 kWp northwest, 668 kWp southwest and 553 kWp southeast.