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The Karanggeneng River in Rembang Regency, Central Java, serves as the main water source for the surrounding community but is vulnerable to seawater contamination during the dry season due to decreasing river elevation. To address this issue, this study aims to design and implement a river water elevation monitoring device based on the Internet of Things (IoT) powered by a hybrid Solar Power Plant (PLTS). The device utilizes the MB7360 ultrasonic sensor connected to an ESP32 microcontroller to measure water elevation in real-time and display the data through an LCD and the Blynk application on a smartphone. The methodology includes literature review, device design, system implementation, and field performance testing. Test results show that the sensor can measure water height accurately within a range of 30 cm to 5 meters, and the PLTS system is capable of supplying the required 0.56 Watts of power. The study compared two alternative solutions and selected the ESP32-based system as the best option due to its efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and easy-to-source components. The conclusion of this research indicates that the developed device can provide accurate and continuous information, support monitoring of river conditions to prevent the risk of seawater intrusion, flooding, or drought, and has the potential to be applied as a mobile system in various other river locations across Indonesia.

Remote islands in Indonesia face significant challenges in achieving sustainable electricity supply. This study analyzes the technical and economic feasibility of implementing a hybrid Solar Power Plant (PLTS) and Wind Power Plant (PLTB) system on Dudepo Island, North Gorontalo Regency. With an average solar radiation of 5.2 kWh/m²/day and wind speed of 4.8 m/s, the hybrid system is designed to supply approximately 97% of local electricity demand with an efficiency of 85%. Simulations using HOMER Pro reveal an optimal configuration of 100 kW PLTS, 60 kW PLTB, and 300 kWh battery storage. Economic analysis indicates a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of IDR 1,450/kWh, more affordable than conventional diesel generators, with an eight-year payback period. The system’s implementation has enhanced community well-being by providing stable electricity access for education, healthcare, and economic activities. Moreover, it contributes to carbon emission reduction by up to 120 tons of CO₂ annually. Technical challenges and local human resource capacity necessitate sustainable management strategies, including technician training and IoT-based monitoring systems. This study offers recommendations for sustainable renewable energy development on remote islands as a model for environmentally friendly energy transitions.

Indonesia, which is located on the equator, has great potential to utilize solar energy, with an average solar radiation reaching 4.80 kWh/m² per day. This provides an advantage in the development of Solar Power Plants (SPP), one of which is through the installation of rooftop on the roof of the building as a source of electrical energy. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of SPP development by considering the techno-economic aspects of the Pondok Juice cafe. The total real electrical energy consumption required by the Pondok Juice cafe is 32,548 Wh/day. Assuming a system loss of 15%, the total electrical energy requirement that must be supplied by the SPP is 37,430.2 Wh/day. The initial investment projection is IDR 204,265,197, with operational and maintenance costs for 25 years of IDR 105,760,028. The investment feasibility analysis shows NPV of IDR 441,523,820.10, BCR 4.11, DPP ±5 years, and IRR 15.55%, which proves that this SPP planning is feasible to implement.

Indonesia is a developing country located at the convergence of four tectonic plates, making it highly prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, and volcanic eruptions. These frequent disasters highlight the critical need for reliable electricity during emergencies. However, disaster-affected areas often struggle to restore power due to accessibility issues. To address this, alternative energy sources are needed, and Solar Power Plants (PLTS) offer a practical solution. PLTS are easy to implement, depend only on sunlight, and provide clean energy with low carbon emissions. Under clear skies, solar radiation can reach 1,000 Watts per square meter, making it a powerful energy source. Additionally, PLTS systems are adaptable and can be deployed in various formats, including mobile units. This study focuses on designing a Mobile PLTS to support BASARNAS operations in disaster zones. Data collection was conducted using resources from BNPB, BMKG, BASARNAS, and NASA. The analysis includes the geographical characteristics of the site, solar radiation intensity, and the operational dimensions of the BASARNAS Mobile Truck. The study aims to determine the suitable system specifications and estimate the energy production capacity of the Mobile PLTS. The proposed design features 20 solar panels, each with a capacity of 300 Wp, producing an average of 27.70 kWh per day. It also includes 16 batteries for energy storage. The remaining space in the truck can be used for transporting logistics or essential tools, making it a multifunctional unit ideal for disaster response scenarios.

This research aims to design a Solar Power System (PLTS) for households that can meet an energy demand of 4.5 kWh per day. The system design takes into account the efficiency of solar panels and the average solar radiation potential in Semarang, which is around 5 hours per day. The method used in this research involves calculating the required solar panel capacity based on the daily energy needs of the household, panel efficiency, and solar radiation hours. The calculation results show that the required PLTS capacity is 1125 Wp, which is then designed using 4 solar panels with a capacity of 300 Wp each. This system is expected to allow households to meet their energy needs independently and sustainably. The implication of this research is to provide an alternative solution for households in reducing their dependence on conventional energy sources, while contributing to the effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country with over 17,000 islands, faces significant challenges in providing electricity access, particularly to small and remote islands. One promising solution is Solar Power Plants (PLTS), both land-based and floating solar plants that utilize water surfaces, suitable for areas with limited land availability. This study evaluates the economic feasibility of floating solar plants and land-based solar plants using the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCoE) approach. LCoE encompasses all costs of construction, operation, maintenance, and energy production over the plant's lifespan, serving as a key benchmark in selecting power generation technologies. The findings show that the LCoE for floating solar plants is Rp11,197.00/kWh, lower than land-based solar plants at Rp11,769.00/kWh, although both exceed the electricity purchase price in Kodingareng, South Sulawesi, at Rp2,460.00/kWh. This difference is influenced by higher construction costs for floating solar plants but offset by greater energy output and lower operation and maintenance costs. This research provides a basis for developing solar power systems in archipelagic regions, emphasizing efficiency and sustainable energy solutions.

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are a promising renewable energy source due to their ease of installation, eco-friendliness, and abundant solar radiation availability. Indonesia has a theoretical potential of 4.625 kWh/m² and a practical potential of 3.767 kWh/kWp; however, as of September 2021, its installed capacity was only 194 MW. Land constraints have led to the development of floating PV systems, which reduce land usage and enhance module efficiency due to lower temperatures above water. Nonetheless, PV systems face challenges from solar radiation intermittency, influenced by cloud opacity, causing output power fluctuations. This study maps cloud opacity patterns on Kodingareng Island based on dry and rainy seasons using 2020 BMKG data. Results indicate that output power during the dry season is more stable than in the rainy season due to lower cloud cover. Conversely, thick cloud cover during the rainy season reduces solar radiation reaching PV modules, resulting in fluctuating power output. Thus, floating PV systems demonstrate better energy availability during the dry season. This study highlights the importance of understanding cloud opacity patterns in planning floating PV systems to address the challenges of solar radiation intermittency.

  Utilization of new renewable energy is a solution to meet the increasing electricity demand, one of which is solar power generation technology. Solar panels are a renewable power generator that is environmentally friendly. The relatively low and unstable output voltage of PV is affected by solar irradiation, which becomes a constraint. Therefore, by utilizing a boost converter, the solar panel system is able to work 25% more optimally compared to without using a boost converter. The performance of solar panels when using a boost converter is around 83.3% and without using it, the performance is only about 58.3%. The average output power when using the boost converter is 1,521 W, whereas without using the boost converter, the average output power is 1,172 W. This indicates that the output power is more stable when using the boost converter compared to not using it. This research focuses on a boost converter with PID control as a support, optimizer, and voltage stabilizer where the output power on the solar panel is expected to be more optimal and the output from the solar panel is more stable with more optimal results in various conditions. In this study, 12 solar panels of 125 WP with a capacity of 1.5 KW are used in series-parallel to obtain the required power. If the output from the solar panel is insufficient due to weather conditions, the voltage will be increased by the boost converter towards the inverter so that the voltage remains stable into the inverter with the boost converter. This boost converter uses PID control to keep the output voltage stable.  

Solar Power Plant is a photovoltaic system to convert electromagnetic energy from sunlight into electrical energy. This solar power plant is one of the recommended solutions for fulfilling electricity needs in remote rural areas where the PLN electricity network does not enter and has abundant sunlight and fuel is difficult to obtain. Based on data from the Global Solar Atlas, Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism, Galis, Pamekasan Regency has a sunlight potential of 4,603 kWh/m² per day. Therefore, it is unfortunate if this potential is not optimally utilised to build an off-grid solar power plant. The purpose of the research is to assess the feasibility of installing PLTS in Lembung Mangrove Ecotourism in terms of technical, economic, and investment feasibility analysis. From the research results, to meet the electricity demand of 15,055 kWh, it needs 12 200 Wp PV modules assembled in 6 series 2 parallel, 8 12V 200Ah batteries with 4 series 2 parallel, and 1 3 kW hybrid inverter are needed. From the simulation results, the estimated energy that can be produced is 35 kWh with a performance of the system is 61.42%. In terms of investment, the initial capital required is Rp89,954,000 so that the NPV value is obtained at Rp1,725,979, PI is 1.01, and PBP is estimated to fall in year 22 month 11.

Based on national policy, renewable energy is a source of energy that can be renewed, such as water, geothermal, sun, biomass, wind, changes in sea temperature, biogas, biofuel and sea waves. The sun is a type of renewable energy that is used to fulfill human needs. This condition is because the sun is basically eternal or never runs out, so its use is easier than other renewable energy. PLTS is a power plant that converts sunlight energy into electrical energy, often called a solar cell. This design is intended to study the hybrid PLTS design system to reduce dependence on electrical energy from PLN. A hybrid system is a system that uses two energy sources which will then back up each other. The results of this test in the solar panel test, the highest voltage was 17.51 ​​and the highest current produced by the solar panel was 4.12, and the battery charging test for 9 hours was 51.85Ah. Weather conditions and time differences cause the light intensity received by the panel to produce varying values, voltage, current and power due to uncertain weather conditions.

As time goes by, the rapid development of technology has brought various conveniences to people's daily activities.  An example of the continuation of technology is microcontrollers and electronic devices that can be connected to the network. One of them is the industrial sector in the PLTS plant at the 7 Mwp On-Grid PLTS Pt. Infrastructure Terbarukan Cemerlang Sengkol which has PV Box generating equipment that requires temperature and humidity control to determine the cause of corrosion that occurs in the PV Box.This study is intended as a solution in monitoring PV Box generating equipment. This technology development uses the Internet of Things (IoT) which combines the physical and virtual worlds. In this research, the method used is the experimental measurement method, making the system created more real and detailed. In research using DHT11 equipment which has the advantage of being able to estimate temperature and humidity. NodeMCU ESP32 as a microcontroller connected to the blynk platform via the internet functions to manage hardware, show evidence of sensors, secure data, depict data, and others. The results of the research on designing a temperature and humidity monitoring system at the 7 Mwp On-Grid PLTS Pt. Infrastructure Terbarukan Cemerlang Sengkol were successfully created and produced positive effects by being monitored using the blynk platform. This research was carried out in real time using a cell phone wherever you are. This research shows that temperature measurements from the DHT11 sensor obtained an average temperature of 31.78%, while the average humidity value was 85.96%, which indicates that the room being measured had high humidity. By considering these two findings, it can be concluded that the cause of corrosion in the room is high humidity and redox reactions from various substances in the environment.

The impact of a policy can occur outside the wishes of the policy formulator or commonly called unexpected impacts. PLTSA Benowo is the result of collaboration between the Surabaya City Government and PT Sumber Organik and is equipped with gasification power plant technology which is regulated in PERPRES No. 35 of 2018. This PLTSA policy is a form of handling the national waste problem, such as eliminating waste and providing socio-economic benefits in the vicinity. The purpose of this study was to analyze and describe how the evaluation of the impact that occurred from the PLTSA development policy on the community of Sumberrejo Village, Pakal District, Surabaya City. The research method in this study uses descriptive qualitative methods, for data collection through observation, documentation, and observation. The results of this study show 3 indicators including Individual Impact shows the positive impact of PLTSa for the Community economically, while the negative impact shows that it is not disturbed from the remaining emissions from the waste combustion process released by PLTSa Benowo. Community Impact The positive impact shows that it affects the increase in the economy of the wider community of Sumberrejo Village, while the negative impact is that the community feels an increase in air pollution that disturbs the comfort of the community due to air pollution from PLTSa Benowo. Social System Impact The positive impact shows a change in the social system in the community because there is an increase in economic structure and a reduction in unemployment, while the negative impact shows there is an indication of social inequality such as feelings of envy from people who do not get economic benefits from PLTSa to people who get economic benefits from PLTSa Benowo.  

The simulation in this research investigates the possibility of using the walls of the rectorate building on the Bina Bangsa campus to install a wall area solar energy system. The building walls are simulated, becoming a representation of the walls of other buildings. PLTS electricity calculations use an interconnected Solar Power Plant [PLTS] system. Research shows that the building has a wall area of 10,353 m2 which can be used to install solar panels. The total electrical power produced in the area is 2030 kWp or 2.03 MWp. The power is divided into four, namely 630 kWp east of the roof, 535 kWp northwest, 668 kWp southwest and 553 kWp southeast.  

Pembangkitan energi harus dapat direncanakan dan disesuaikan. Rencana produksi ditentukan berdasarkan prediksi kebutuhan energi masa depan dan ketersediaan energi baru dan terbarukan. Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya dan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Angin adalah Pembangkit Energi Baru Terbarukan dengan sistem tenaga mandiri, yang memiliki kondisi sumber daya terbaik, dan memiliki prospek aplikasi yang baik. Sehingga perlu adanya penelitian yang mendalam tentang peramalan potensi energi tersebut. Pendekatan penelitian adalah melakukan peramalan potensi energi pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) dan pembangkit listrik tenaga angin (PLTB) dengan menggunakan model Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST) Multi Layer Perceptrons (MLP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peramalan potensi energi PLTS dan PLTB Jawa Tengah tahun 2025, PLTS 0,0093% konsumsi energi di Jawa Tengah dan PLTB 0,407% konsumsi energi di Jawa Tengah.

Electricity is a very important need for the life of many people. Especially with the increasing number of tools that use electricity as a source of energy in this day and age. With the increasing demand for electricity, the more electrical energy that must be issued, especially by PLN. Electricity is also a source of energy that is needed in all activities related to electronics, therefore its use varies greatly. The purpose of making this final project entitled "Installation of Solar Power Generation Devices (PLTS) as a Source of Electrical Energy in the Garden of the Mahktab Building, Panca Budi Campus" is as a form of saving electrical energy in garden lighting. Electrical energy saving is done by utilizing solar cells, batteries as current storage and LED lights which are operated with a control system. The method used in this final project is the design method. The method steps are analysis, design, manufacture and testing. analysis, design, manufacture and testing. The design of the solar cell device as a converter of solar energy into electrical energy which is then stored in the battery.

In Pekalongan, precisely in the village of Soko Kembang, Petungkriyono sub-district, as many as 31 units of PLTS were made. This PLTS works stand alone, with the SHS system. Each SHS unit consists of a 50 Wp solar panel, three light points, a 70Ah battery, and a Box Control Unit. Based on preliminary field studies, the use of SHS is very useful and helps the community at night especially students and mothers who have small children and helping residents of Soko Kembang village, a remote village that had previously relied on lighting from oil lamps and rental generators. The use of solar power plants has an impact on the economic life of the community, which is assessed from an increase in the people's economy. This is evidenced by the high payback.