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This research was designed to explore the extent to which public beliefs influence the implementation of Digital traceability  systems in the halal industrial sector. The approach used was quantitative with a survey method, where questionnaires were distributed to 60 respondents who were consumers of halal products in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression via Microsoft Excel. Research findings indicate that public confidence has a positive and significant influence on the adoption of Digital traceability  systems, with a regression coefficient of 0.476 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). In addition, the coefficient of determination (R Square) value of 0.219 indicates that public confidence contributes 21.9% to the implementation of the Digital traceability  system, while the rest is determined by other factors that were not researched. These findings confirm that public trust is an important element in encouraging acceptance of digital technology, especially in the halal industry which relies heavily on transparency and consumer confidence. Thus, implementing a Digital traceability  system that is supported by information openness and easy access to technology can be an effective strategy to strengthen consumer trust while expanding technology adoption.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of assertive communication techniques in cross-cultural counseling for reducing avoidance behavior among students experiencing interpersonal friendship conflicts. Cultural differences between counselors and clients may influence communication patterns, emotional expression, and conflict resolution processes during counseling sessions. Friendship conflicts among university students commonly arise from jealousy, misunderstanding, social comparison, and ineffective interpersonal communication. These conditions often encourage students to avoid direct interaction to prevent further conflict. This study employed an experimental method using a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The participants were students who experienced friendship conflicts and demonstrated avoidance behavior tendencies. Data were collected through counseling individual. The intervention was delivered through counseling sessions that used assertive communication techniques and combined behavioral and humanistic approaches in a cross-cultural counseling setting. The findings revealed that assertive communication techniques were effective in reducing students’ avoidance behavior. After receiving the intervention, participants demonstrated greater confidence in expressing opinions, improved emotional regulation, increased openness in communication, and healthier interpersonal relationships. The study indicates that assertive communication in cross-cultural counseling can serve as an effective counseling strategy to help students manage interpersonal conflicts and improve social adjustment in higher education environments.

The rapid transformation of education driven by globalization and technological advancement demands adaptive learning approaches that align with the characteristics of Generation Z learners. This generation is known for its curiosity, independence in thinking, and openness to diverse perspectives, yet it is also vulnerable to misinformation and negative online influences. Within the context of Islamic education, learning is not solely oriented toward cognitive development but also emphasizes the cultivation of moral values, particularly tolerance. This study aims to explore how contextual teaching methods can contribute to fostering tolerant attitudes among Generation Z students in Islamic educational settings. The research employs a qualitative approach through library research, utilizing a descriptive-analytical framework. Data were collected from various sources, including academic journals, books, and previous studies related to contextual learning, multicultural education, and Generation Z characteristics. The data collection technique involved document analysis, followed by content analysis procedures such as data reduction, categorization, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that contextual learning effectively promotes tolerance by engaging students in discussion, problem-solving, reflection, and real-life experiences. The integration of multicultural values and the role of teachers as facilitators and role models further strengthen this process. However, challenges remain, including limited teacher understanding, the persistence of conventional methods, inadequate supporting facilities, and the influence of social media. Overall, contextual learning presents a relevant strategy for developing open-minded, balanced, and socially adaptive Generation Z learners.

Early marriage is a social phenomenon that remains prevalent in Indonesia and gives rise to various problems in family life. This article aims to analyze the implications of early marriage in light of the Code of Canon Law (CCL) Nos. 1055 and 1056 in the context of Catholic couples. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through a literature review of books, scientific journals, and Church documents. The findings indicate that the CIC affirms marriage as a sacred covenant between a man and a woman oriented toward the bonum coniugum (the good of the couple), openness to children, and characterized by unity and indissolubility. In the context of early marriage, various implications were identified, such as emotional immaturity that triggers domestic conflicts, a high risk of divorce, low levels of education, and impacts on the health of mothers and children. Additionally, early marriage also indicates a weak understanding of the sacramental dimension and family responsibilities, including childrearing. Thus, CIC Nos. 1055 and 1056 provide an important normative foundation that marriage requires human, spiritual, and social maturity for the realization of a wholesome and prosperous Catholic family.

Religious pluralism in Indonesia constitutes a unique national identity, yet it is vulnerable to horizontal conflicts and acts of intolerance. This study aims to analyze the importance of interfaith dialogue in fostering mutual understanding from Catholic and Islamic perspectives within Indonesia’s pluralistic society. The methodology employed is qualitative research using a literature review approach, involving the collection and analysis of various relevant sources such as books, journals, and academic articles. The results of the study indicate that both Islam and Catholicism possess strong theological foundations in support of interfaith dialogue, emphasizing openness, respect for differences, and a commitment to peace and coexistence. Interfaith dialogue has proven to be an effective means of addressing divisions or conflicts, combating intolerance, and fostering harmonious relationships within a multireligious society. Furthermore, it was found that barriers to dialogue are still influenced by factors such as fanaticism, a lack of understanding, and socio-political conditions. This study concludes that interfaith dialogue is a strategic approach to strengthening tolerance and national unity. Therefore, it is recommended that interfaith dialogue be continuously developed through education, interfaith cooperation, and the active role of religious leaders in fostering inclusive and sustainable communication.

This study aims to analyze intersubjectivity, love, and hope in the anime The Fragrant Flower Blooms With Dignity through the perspective of the existentialist philosophy of Gabriel Marcel. The research employs a qualitative method using a literature review and content analysis approach. Data were collected from relevant philosophical texts on Marcel’s thought and from the analysis of scenes, dialogues, and character development in the anime. The findings reveal that the relationship between Kouruko Waguri and Rintaro Tsumugi reflects the concept of intersubjectivity as an authentic encounter between “I” and “Thou,” where both individuals recognize each other as subjects. The concepts of being and presence are manifested through genuine presence and relational openness, while having functions as a supporting element that does not lead to possessiveness. Furthermore, fidelity, love, and hope emerge as central dimensions in the fulfillment of the characters’ existence, as these aspects enable their relationship to develop in a meaningful and profound way. This study demonstrates that popular cultural works such as anime can serve as relevant media for philosophical reflection in understanding human existence as inherently relational.

This research investigates how digital transformation contributes to innovation in public services as part of the move toward smart governance. The study employs a literature review approach by evaluating a variety of pertinent materials, which include global journals, scholarly books, and official publications from the years 2018 to 2025. Results show that digital transformation notably enhances the quality of public services regarding their efficiency, effectiveness, openness, and ease of access. The incorporation of technologies like e-government platforms, mobile apps, artificial intelligence, and big data analysis allows governments to provide services that are quicker and more responsive. Additionally, digital platforms foster public involvement by offering means for communication and participation in decision-making activities. Despite these advancements, there are still several obstacles to overcome, such as the digital divide, insufficient infrastructure, low levels of digital skills, and resistance to change within bureaucracy. These issues emphasize the need for cohesive strategies that include investment in technology, development of human resources, and regulatory assistance. The study concludes that digital transformation is vital for achieving smart governance; however, its effectiveness relies on the preparedness of infrastructure, institutions, and society to embrace digital advancements.

This study examines the implementation of Indonesia’s Visa on Arrival (VoA) policy in DKI Jakarta as both an instrument of tourism-driven economic recovery and a component of non-military national defense management under Law No. 23 of 2019 on the Management of National Resources for National Defense. While VoA has significantly contributed to the rebound of international tourist arrivals—surpassing 11 million visits nationally in 2023—it simultaneously generates governance challenges at strategic entry points such as Soekarno–Hatta International Airport, where facilitation of mobility intersects with risks including overstaying, transnational crime, human trafficking, and potential infiltration by non-state actors. Existing scholarship largely emphasizes economic impacts and regulatory frameworks, leaving limited analysis of VoA as part of an integrated civil defense infrastructure. Addressing this gap, the study aims to analyze how VoA implementation in DKI Jakarta is managed within a non-military defense perspective, particularly regarding institutional coordination, immigration intelligence, and risk mitigation mechanisms. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with immigration officials and security stakeholders, document analysis of relevant laws and ministerial regulations, and review of official immigration statistics, followed by thematic analysis. The findings indicate that although VoA effectively supports economic and diplomatic objectives, its function as a non-military defense instrument remains constrained by fragmented inter-agency coordination, uneven intelligence integration, and limited adaptive governance capacity at the local level. Strengthening collaborative surveillance systems, data-sharing mechanisms, and strategic policy alignment between immigration authorities and national defense institutions is therefore essential. The study concludes that reframing immigration governance as part of Indonesia’s broader non-military defense strategy is crucial to balancing openness with security in high-density international gateways.

Globalization and technological developments require students to have global competencies, one of which is English language skills. This study aims to examine the urgency of English learning in elementary schools (SD) in preparing students' global competencies through a literature review. The method used is a qualitative research approach with a literature study sourced from scientific journals, academic books, and relevant educational documents from 2020–2025. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques through data reduction, grouping themes, and synthesis of findings. The results of the study indicate that elementary school age is the optimal phase for language acquisition, so that early English learning can improve students' communication skills, digital literacy, and cultural openness. Communicative and contextual learning has been proven effective in increasing student motivation and self-confidence. Despite challenges such as limited teacher competence and students' fear of speaking English, English learning in elementary schools remains a crucial investment in preparing a generation ready to face global demands.

Bureaucratic reform at the village level is a crucial prerequisite for achieving professional, effective, and accountable village governance. One of the key pillars of this reform is the implementation of a merit system in the management of village human resources, particularly in the recruitment and appointment of village officials. In this context, the Computer-Assisted Test (CAT) has emerged as a policy innovation designed to enhance objectivity, transparency, and procedural fairness in the selection of village officials. This study aims to analyse the contribution of CAT implementation to strengthening the merit system and its impact on transforming village social conditions, especially in building public trust in village government. Quantitative data were collected through a survey of village residents and analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression in SPSS. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis to elaborate further and explain the quantitative findings. The results indicate that transparency, objectivity, and procedural fairness in the selection process have positive and significant effects on public trust in village government, with procedural fairness emerging as the most influential variable. Qualitative findings confirm that public acceptance of selection outcomes is more strongly influenced by perceptions of fairness and openness in the process than by the selection results themselves. This study concludes that the implementation of CAT functions not only serves as a technical selection instrument but also as an institutional mechanism that helps transform village social relations from patronage-based practices toward merit-based village governance.

This study explores the implementation of interpersonal communication between tutors and students in speaking class activities at the Kind English Course by applying DeVito’s Interpersonal Communication Theory. Interpersonal communication plays a vital role in English language learning, especially in speaking classes where real-time interaction directly shapes students’ engagement and learning outcomes. Using a qualitative literature review method, this research examines how the five key components of interpersonal communication—openness, empathy, supportiveness, positiveness, and equality—are applied within instructional practices. The analysis reveals that tutors who demonstrate openness and empathy foster stronger emotional connections with students, which encourages them to speak more confidently. Supportive and positive communication behaviors further create a safe and motivating learning environment where students feel valued and understood. Additionally, the principle of equality helps reduce hierarchical barriers, enabling more collaborative and interactive learning dynamics. Overall, the findings indicate that the consistent application of interpersonal communication principles significantly enhances students’ participation, confidence, and speaking proficiency. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how communication quality influences language learning and underscores the importance of interpersonal competence among tutors in developing effective and engaging speaking class experiences.

This study aims to explore Generation Z's adaptation to traditional values, particularly the Balinese language sor singgih in Catur Wangsa, amid social changes driven by globalization and technological advancements, from the perspective of interpersonal communication. The phenomenological approach in qualitative research is the research method used, with three data collection techniques: participant observation, unstructured interviews, and documentation. This study also uses source and technique triangulation as a data validity technique. The research informants are members of Generation Z from the five castes in Bali: Brahmana, Ksatria, Weisya, and Sudra. Research conducted across eight districts and cities in Bali indicates that Generation Z is beginning to shift its interpersonal communication patterns. Although they still uphold traditional values of politeness and social norms, Generation Z emphasizes equality and openness in their daily interactions. The generation Z that continues to use the Balinese language is segmented by social context, emotional closeness, and communication situations, rather than solely by caste differences. Furthermore, this study's findings show that the caste system is seen more as a cultural identity than a social boundary. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of preserving the values of Balinese local wisdom in the form of adaptive, egalitarian communication that is relevant to the development of the younger generation in the digital age.

Taxes are the main source of state revenue and play a vital role in national development and public welfare. However, their effectiveness is highly influenced by the level of transparency and accountability in their management. This study aims to analyze the implementation of transparency and accountability principles in Indonesia’s taxation system, identify the existing forms of transparency inequality, and assess their implications for the principles of good governance. The research employs a qualitative approach through an analysis of various laws, regulations, and recent studies related to tax management. The findings indicate that transparency inequality still occurs in several aspects, such as limited public access to information, uneven implementation of tax digitalization across regions, and a lack of openness in reporting tax incentives. These conditions directly affect government accountability, public trust, and fairness within the national taxation system. Legally, such inequalities contradict the principles of public information disclosure, the justice principle stated in Article 23A of the 1945 Constitution, and the principle of equality before the law. This study recommends strengthening tax transparency regulations, integrating a national digital taxation system, and increasing public participation in fiscal oversight to establish a fair, accountable, and law-based tax governance framework.

Digital transformation in judicial institutions is aimed at improving transparency, efficiency, and legal certainty for the public. One of the main instruments in the digitization of the judiciary in Indonesia is the Case Tracking Information System (Sistem Informasi Penelusuran Perkara/SIPP), which functions as a means of case administration as well as a medium for public information disclosure. Although SIPP is considered to be running well from an administrative perspective, its effectiveness from the point of view of service users, particularly in providing information on court schedules, still shows limitations in its practical use. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of SIPP in providing information and certainty regarding court schedules for service users at the Surabaya Class IA Special District Court. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with service users and court officials, observation, and review of documents and system data. The analysis was conducted using the Socio-digital effectiveness framework, which focuses on three dimensions, namely user experience, citizen engagement, and public value, to examine the relationship between digital systems, user experience, and the social meaning of public judicial services. The analysis shows that the SIPP has been quite effective in providing access to court schedule information at the administrative level. This effectiveness is reflected in the openness of information access, which can be used by the public without special authentication. However, at the level of practical use, there are still limitations in terms of timeliness and consistency of information updates when there are delays or changes to the court schedule. This affects the user experience in planning attendance and shapes perceptions of the reliability of the digital information provided by the court.

Youth radicalization is a serious issue that threatens social harmony, national stability, and the sustainability of nationhood in Indonesia. Various reports indicate that nearly one-third of terrorism perpetrators over the past decade have come from young people, signaling ideological vulnerability among the productive age group. This article aims to propose a youth deradicalization approach through contemporary Islamic thought, emphasizing rationality, openness of thinking, and humanism as its main foundations. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach by analyzing the works, ideas, and thoughts of contemporary Islamic scholars and examining their relevance in the context of youth development and empowerment. The findings show that contemporary Islamic approaches that emphasize critical reasoning, dialogue, and respect for humanity are effective in shaping moderate attitudes, fostering social awareness, and strengthening an inclusive and tolerant Islamic identity. Therefore, this article recommends that religious education be integrated into curricula that emphasize the values of religious moderation, respect for diversity, and the rejection of violence. This approach is expected to help young people become more tolerant, adaptive, and resilient against the influence of extremist ideologies that are harmful to society.

Rapid global environmental changes, especially due to advances in technology and information, have had a significant impact on various sectors of life, including the health sector. In the context of modern health services, hospitals are no longer just places of healing, but also institutions that are required to provide high-quality services, based on patient safety, and are able to adapt to the dynamics of community needs. This change requires a transformation in human resource management, especially related to the interpersonal and psychosocial competencies of nurses as the spearhead of medical services.Purposes:​ to analyze the effect of effective communication and Assertive Attitude on Nurses' Work Productivity in hospitals, with Work Fatigue as a mediating variable.Methods: This type of research is quantitative, using statistical figures to measure the influence of independent variables on dependent variables. The research design is a cross-sectional study.Results: The results of this study indicate that effective communication, assertiveness, and job fatigue collectively significantly influence nurses' work productivity. Communication and assertiveness positively contribute to job fatigue, which in turn affects productivity. Job fatigue is also shown to be a significant mediator in the relationship between communication and assertiveness on work productivity .Conclusion : The importance of strengthening effective communication as a strategy to increase productivity. Organizations need to design communication systems that support openness, transparency, and clarity of information and culture-based assertiveness training, so that employees can express their opinions appropriately without causing resistance in the team.

Family management plays a pivotal role in establishing equilibrium between emotional dynamics and communication among family members. The family environment constitutes the primary context in which children learn to interact, communicate, and develop their character. Parental communication patterns, along with their capacity for emotional regulation, serve as critical determinants of a supportive home atmosphere conducive to children’s developmental and educational outcomes. This study aims to examine the influence of communication management and emotional management within the family on the development of children’s emotional intelligence and their overall academic success. This research employs a literature review approach by critically analyzing various sources, including scholarly journals, books, and relevant empirical studies. The findings indicate that effective communication management characterized by openness, empathy, and mutual respect strengthens parent child emotional bonds, enhances learning motivation, and improves academic achievement. Furthermore, sound emotional management enables parents to regulate stress and model appropriate self-control, thereby fostering a harmonious and productive learning environment within the household.

This study is motivated by the crucial role of government public relations in managing effective communication in the digital era, particularly through cooperation with online media to ensure public information is delivered widely, accurately, and credibly. The research aims to analyze the implementation of media relations strategies carried out by the Public Relations Office of the South Tangerang City Social Service, focusing on three main aspects: managing media relations, developing information dissemination strategies, and building cooperative networks with online media. This study employs a qualitative approach using descriptive methods, with data collected through in-depth interviews and documentation. The theoretical framework is based on Yosal Iriantara’s (2019) media relations strategy, which emphasizes relationship management, communication strategies, and network development. The findings indicate that media relations are implemented through formal and informal communication, openness to media needs, the preparation of informative and community-oriented content, and continuous formal and informal collaboration with online media. Overall, the implementation of media relations strategies contributes to building a positive institutional image and enhancing public trust, although challenges remain, including limited advertorial budgets and human resource constraints.

This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the psychological journey of the character Rangga Raja in the novel 0 MDPL by Nurwina Sari. The main focus of the study is to identify the inner conflicts experienced by the protagonist as well as the dynamics of the personality structure consisting of the Id, Ego, and Superego that shape his psychological development throughout the storyline. This research employs a literary psychology approach using a qualitative descriptive method, conducted through a literature review and document analysis of the novel text as the primary data source. The findings indicate that Rangga Raja experiences complex emotional conflicts resulting from past trauma, experiences of loss, and failures in romantic relationships. These conditions are reflected through the tensions and interactions between the Id, Ego, and Superego within himself. The process toward the “zero point” (0 MDPL) is interpreted as a symbol of an identity crisis phase as well as a stage of self-reconstruction, in which the protagonist undergoes processes of reflection, self-acceptance, and openness to change. In addition, Rangga’s interactions with other characters, such as Andini, La Nina, and Nadia G. Sahara, play an important role in his psychological recovery and healing process. This study confirms that the novel 0 MDPL represents a profound reflection on human psychological dynamics, the search for identity, and the gradual process of inner healing.

Mental health problems, particularly anxiety disorders, are increasingly prevalent among adolescents and have become a significant concern for the church as a spiritual community. This study aims to analyze the role of God’s servants in preventing and addressing anxiety disorders among adolescents at GKSI Maranatha Anugrah Sewan, Tangerang. The research employs a qualitative method through direct observation of youth ministry activities and informal interviews with participants. The findings reveal that church ministers play a strategic role in enhancing adolescents’ mental well-being through practical biblical teaching, empathetic pastoral counseling, and the establishment of prayer and openness communities. The application of Scripture Therapy, devotional counseling, and Healing Prayer Circles has proven effective in reducing anxiety levels, strengthening spiritual security, and fostering healthy social relationships. A holistic and collaborative pastoral approach involving professional support is essential for the church to create a safe environment that promotes recovery and spiritual growth among youth.