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Changes in the musculoskeletal system during the third trismester of pregnancy cause changes in body weight, abdominal muscle elasticity, and center of gravity which affect the balance of pregnant women. Back pain in pregnancy can be detrimental to the quality of life of pregnant women and is caused by changes in posture, hyperlordosis, paraspinal muscle tension, and decreased blood flow to the spine. Physiotherapy is a non-pharmacological solution by applying massage and stretching techniques. Massage helps relax muscles, reduce pain, increase blood flow, and improve muscle flexibility. Stretching plays a role in reducing pain, increasing flexibility, muscle strength, and preventing deformity. This activity is carried out by conveying physiotherapy information through leaflets as a promotional medium, pre-test, post-test, and questions to pregnant women to measure knowledge. The results of the activity showed active participation from 12 pregnant women class participants with positive responses to the material presented. Interesting material accompanied by demonstrations of massage and stretching techniques helps increase knowledge of pregnant women. Evaluation before and after the activity showed an increase in knowledge from 5% to 100%, indicating the success of the extension activity.

Fractures are emergency conditions that must be treated quickly and accurately and in accordance with fracture management procedures. In general, clients with fractures must undergo surgery which in addition to causing pain also affects activity. After surgery, rehabilitation is needed to prevent contractures. Nursing care for patients with upper/lower extremity fractures must be prioritized and focused on providing comfort, preventing complications, and achieving optimal rehabilitation in rehabilitation. Patients are taught mobilization or movement exercises, namely Passive Range of Motion (ROM). Purpose: To determine the Effectiveness of Passive ROM Exercise in Postoperative Patients with Upper/Lower Extremity Fractures on Length of Stay at Sukoharjo Regional General Hospital. Design: This researcher studied the type of experimental research. The method used is a case study. Results: the results of the study showed that the majority of Active ROM respondents were treated for 2 days with a frequency of 5 respondents. Then the results showed that there was a difference in the effect of passive ROM on the length of stay for fracture patients at Sukoharjo Regional General Hospital.

Balance limitations pose a significant concern for individuals of productive age. Productive age people who work in offices tend to have less physical activity. Lack of physical activity can affect the decrease in muscle strength, joints which results in a decrease in motion, steps tend to be short, feet cannot tread firmly and are easily unsteady. The decrease in motion function causes balance problems. If this continues to be allowed, it will cause the risk of falls and a decrease in the quality of life of workers in productive age. So it is important for office workers, especially workers at the Yogyakarta Environment and Forestry Service, to understand the importance of maintaining balance. One of the tests that can be used to assess balance is the Fukuda stepping test. This examination is carried out with the Fukuda test and vital sign checks to find out that this test is safe to be carried out by participants. The number of participants in this activity was 27 people consisting of men and women of productive age. This activity was held on Friday, October 13, 2023 at the Yogyakarta Environment and Forestry Service. After this test was carried out, it was found that 23 out of 27 office workers of productive age had balance disorders. After this test, the participants became more aware of the importance of maintaining balance and how to maintain it.

This research was written according to what was on the field, namely that the women's basketball extracurricular participants at SMA Negeri 1 Ciasem when shooting free throws the ball did not reach the basketball hoop, although there were a few who could put the ball in but did not understand the basics. This raises a question that makes the author want to know the relationship between arm and leg muscle strength and free throw ability in female basketball extracurricular participants at SMA Negeri 1 Ciasem. With a total of 14 samples tested and 1x meeting for the test. To find out the relationship between arm and leg muscle strength on free throws, the author used a correlational method to find the relationship. From the results obtained, arm muscle strength has a sig value of 0.463, and leg muscle strength has a sig value of 0.463. This is an answer that arm muscle strength and leg muscle strength are not significant because the variables X1 and This is caused by several factors, namely: 1. The girls' basketball extracurricular coach at SMA Negeri 1 Ciasem does not have a training program. 2. Balance. 3. Eye view. 4. Mental. 5. Height.    

The problem in this research is whether there is an effect of arm muscle strength training on the lower serve ability of volleyball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim. This study aims to determine the effect of arm muscle strength training on lower serve ability in volleyball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim. This type of research is experimental research, using a one group pretest-posttest design method. The population in this study were extracurricular volleyball students at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim, totaling 45 people with 25 boys and 20 girls. Meanwhile, the sample in this study were all male students who took part in extracurricular activities in class VII, class VIII and class IX with a total of 25 students. The sampling technique in this research uses a purposive sample technique. The data collection technique uses the lower serve test method in volleyball. The data analysis technique uses the t test formula. Based on the results of research conducted on volleyball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim, the average pretest result was 12.46 and the average posttest was 19.9. This shows that bicep curl training can improve the ability to serve under the ball game. volleyball among volleyball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim. Because there was an increase after being given treatment compared to before being given treatment. In hypothesis testing, the value obtained was tcount > ttable or 31.93 > 1.71 so that it could be concluded that there was an influence of arm muscle strength training on the lower serve ability of volleyball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 Muara Enim.

Introduction: Stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked and blood vessels in the brain burst. The brain can't get the blood and oxygen it needs, so brain cells die. In this case, the patient complained of a feeling of weakness and heaviness in the left side of the body, which made it difficult for him to carry out everyday activities. Objective: To determine the role of physical therapy in individuals with left hemiparesis after stroke on muscle strength, spasticity, and functional ability using infrared intervention, electrical stimulation, and exercise therapy. Method: Subjective and objective examinations were carried out, followed by physiotherapeutic intervention in 3 weeks. Results: After physiotherapeutic intervention, the results showed an increase muscle strength using manual muscle testing (MMT) of  the hip muscle group T1=2 to T3=2+, the knee muscle group T1=2 to T3=-3. Reduced muscle tone according to the Asworth scale in the shoulder area T1=1+ to T3=1, as well as functional ability according to the Barthel index with results from T1=65 to T3=70. Conclusion: Physiotherapeutic interventions using infrared, electrical stimulation, and exercise therapy can increase muscle strength, reduce spasticity, and improve functional ability in individuals with left-sided hemiparesis after stroke

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a disorder of the immature and developing brain that causes impaired movement, posture and muscle strength. Spastic type represents 70% of cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Neuro Developmental Treatment (NDT) on the patient's functional ability and the effect of Passive Stretching on reducing spasticity. The research method used in this study is single subject research involving a 3-year-old girl with a diagnosis of cerebral calsy spastic Diplegi. The interventions given were NDT and Passive Stretching. In this study, it was found that there was still no significant change in the level of muscle spasticity and gross motor with the condition of spastic diplegi cerebral palsy. In future research, the author hopes that this research will be conducted over a longer period of time to determine the effect of physiotherapy on children with a diagnosis of spastic diplegiate cerebral palsy.

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by the body's inability to metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins, leading to hyperglycemia. DM can be associated with serious complications such as kidney damage, eye problems, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage and skin and foot problems, so DM sufferers need to take precautions to avoid complications. Foot exercise is a type of foot exercise performed by diabetics which can increase peripheral perfusion and thus prevent worsening of diabetic neuropathy. Foot exercise can also reduce the risk and progression of peripheral neuropathy because it can improve blood flow to the periphery, increase muscle strength and improve motor function. Objective: to determine the effect of foot exercise on motor neuropathy in type 2 DM patients. Method: The design in this study used a quasi-experimental approach using a one group pretest posttest design. The sample for this research was 18 respondents. Data analysis used the paired sample t-test. Results: based on the results of statistical tests using the Paired Samples t Test, the resulting P value is 0.000 < 0.05, where it can be concluded that there is an influence of foot exercise on Motor Neuropathy in type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is an influence of foot exercise on Motor Neuropathy in type 2 DM patients in the working area of Benteng Sukabumi City Health Center.

Skin flap is a skin graft procedure that will repair damaged skin by removing the soft tissue underneath. Objective: to determine Physiotherapy management in the form of giving electro therapy (ultrasound and Infrared) and exercise. Methods: The research method includes a "case report" case study conducted on 1 male patient with a diagnosis of Stiffness wrist digiti 1-5 manus dextra hand function disorders, ec. Amputation of fingers manus dextra post flap). The measuring instruments used are using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain scale, Wrist Hand Disability Index (WHDI) to measure functional activity ability, Gonimeter to measure joint motion scope, Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) to measure muscle strength, mitline to measure odema segment circumference. Results: After 3 times of therapy, the patient's assessment results were obtained, namely a significant change in the level of joint scope of motion, muscle strength, skin integrity, motion pain in the wrist and fingers of the right hand, and functional ability. Conclusion: This case study shows that the administration of electrotepsy and exercises in the case of Skin Flap of the thumb of the hand, proved to be effective.

The risk of falling is an incident reported by the sufferer or family who saw the incident, which resulted in a person suddenly falling down, sitting on the floor or a lower place with or without loss of consciousness or injury. Based on an initial survey at the Posyandu Lansia Akbar (Elderly Center) in the working area of ​​the Puskesmas Jembatan Kecil (Community Health Center), it was found that some health problems which are still often experienced by the elderly are degenerative diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and perceptual and sensory disorders that leads in decreasing balance, muscle strength and flexibility. These problems put elderly at high risk of falls. To reduce the risk of falls in the elderly, it is necessary to provide preventive, curative and collaborative health services in the form of health education and assistance with balance exercises. So the Community Service Team provides health education on preventing the risk of falls in the elderly.