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This study analyzes the reconstruction of Human Rights (HR) in Indonesia through the integration of Pancasila values and Islamic Religious Education (IRE) within the framework of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence. In the Indonesian context, human rights are not merely perceived as universal individual liberties, but are understood within broader philosophical, religious, and socio-cultural dimensions. Pancasila functions as the foundational framework that harmonizes individual rights with social responsibilities, while Islamic teachings provide normative and theological foundations through principles such as maqasid al-shari‘ah, justice (‘adl), and human dignity (karamah insaniyyah), as well as Qur’anic values of tolerance and moderation (tasamuh and wasatiyyah). This research adopts a qualitative method with a descriptive approach based on literature review, drawing upon various scholarly sources related to human rights, Islamic education, and sociological jurisprudence. The findings reveal that the integration of Pancasila and Islamic Religious Education generates a comprehensive understanding of human rights that is both normative and contextual. Moreover, empirical findings indicate that a deeper comprehension of Qur’anic teachings on tolerance is positively correlated with the development of moderate and inclusive attitudes, thereby highlighting the significant role of education in internalizing human rights values. Additionally, the historical transition from pre-Islamic (Jahiliyyah) society to the Islamic era demonstrates that Islamic teachings function as an agent of social transformation by promoting justice, equality, and the protection of marginalized groups. From the perspective of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence, law is viewed as a dynamic system that must remain responsive to evolving social conditions, ensuring that the reconstruction of human rights remains relevant and adaptable. In conclusion, the synergy between Pancasila values, Islamic teachings, and sociological legal approaches contributes to the formation of a more inclusive, balanced, and culturally grounded human rights paradigm in Indonesia.

Youth radicalization is a serious issue that threatens social harmony, national stability, and the sustainability of nationhood in Indonesia. Various reports indicate that nearly one-third of terrorism perpetrators over the past decade have come from young people, signaling ideological vulnerability among the productive age group. This article aims to propose a youth deradicalization approach through contemporary Islamic thought, emphasizing rationality, openness of thinking, and humanism as its main foundations. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach by analyzing the works, ideas, and thoughts of contemporary Islamic scholars and examining their relevance in the context of youth development and empowerment. The findings show that contemporary Islamic approaches that emphasize critical reasoning, dialogue, and respect for humanity are effective in shaping moderate attitudes, fostering social awareness, and strengthening an inclusive and tolerant Islamic identity. Therefore, this article recommends that religious education be integrated into curricula that emphasize the values of religious moderation, respect for diversity, and the rejection of violence. This approach is expected to help young people become more tolerant, adaptive, and resilient against the influence of extremist ideologies that are harmful to society.

Paid online matchmaking services that have developed through Facebook use consumer profiles to promote and find partners. This practice raises legal issues, particularly those related to consumer protection and the risk of digital harassment—also known as cyberbullying—in the form of derogatory, discriminatory, or offensive comments about consumers' personal standards that are displayed publicly. The purpose of this study is to assess the legal liability of business actors for cyberbullying when operating online matchmaking services and to assess the extent to which legal protection tools are available to consumers. This study uses a normative legal approach, utilizing case studies of legislation and conceptual studies on the practice of paid matchmaking services on social media. The results of the study show that businesses are required to guarantee the safety, comfort, and protection of consumer rights in all digital-based commercial activities, including managing content and interacting with people on social media. Non-material losses, such as psychological pressure and abuse of consumer dignity, are caused by a lack of supervision and a lack of moderate comment mechanisms. Therefore, regulations on personal data protection must be strengthened, content moderation responsibilities must be determined, and legal accountability mechanisms for business actors in the digital ta'aruf business must be made clear.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a technology that has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including science. Recent developments in AI have shifted the traditional boundaries of knowledge production and distribution, including in the religious realm. This research aims to fill the epistemological gap in contemporary Islamic legal thought by offering an integrative framework between traditional ijtihad and supervised digital ijtihad practices. This research uses a normative-qualitative (juridical-normative) approach. The researchers found that AI has the potential to be an effective tool for strengthening religious moderation, particularly through digital education, the dissemination of messages of tolerance, and the dissemination of counter-narratives against radicalism. For example, da'wah chatbots and digital interpretation applications can expand moderate religious literacy. However, the research also highlights various challenges, including epistemological issues stemming from AI's lack of a scientific chain of command, the risk of shifting authority from scholars to technology, and the lack of legal regulations governing responsibility for AI-generated religious content. Therefore, specific regulations and collaboration between scholars, the government, and technology developers are needed to ensure that AI continues to support the maqāṣid al-Shari'ah (the principles of Islamic law) and religious moderation.

This research examines the thought of Khawarij and Murji'ah in contemporary Islamic context with a focus on the relevance and application of these historical theological concepts to issues of extremism and moderation in the modern era. Through a qualitative approach with library research method, this study analyzes the doctrines of both groups and contemporary manifestations of their thinking. The results show that contemporary religious extremism phenomena have ideological connections with classical Khawarij characteristics such as takfirism, textual literalism, and tendency toward violence, while excessive political apathy reflects similarities with Murji'ah. The main challenges identified are how to balance religious commitment with tolerance in plural societies, and to overcome extreme tendencies in religious interpretation. In conclusion, a deep understanding of the historical roots of this thought can contribute to the development of a comprehensive approach to religious moderation in the modern era, with significant implications for social harmony and deradicalization efforts.

The Da’wah Institution of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), as part of Indonesia's largest Islamic organization, faces challenges in adapting to social dynamics, the digital revolution, and the rise of radicalism. In an increasingly diverse and fast-changing society, NU must develop da’wah strategies that are not only moderate and contextual but also adaptable to contemporary shifts. This study aims to explore how NU's social construction of da’wah is structured epistemologically, ontologically, and strategically to strengthen Islam’s role as rahmatan lil 'alamin, promoting social harmony and national unity. The research adopts a multisite case study approach at the Da’wah Institution of the NU Executive Board, employing qualitative methods through document analysis and in-depth interviews. The findings indicate that NU’s da’wah social construction integrates three main dimensions. Epistemologically, NU’s da’wah is grounded in authentic and contextual knowledge, allowing the dissemination of Islamic values in a peaceful, moderate, and inclusive way. Ontologically, the Da’wah Institution acts not only as a formal structure but as a representation of Islam Nusantara, reinforcing Islamic and national identity within a unified da’wah narrative. Strategically, NU’s da’wah is designed to adapt to shifting social, cultural, and technological landscapes by emphasizing participatory methods, utilizing digital media, and incorporating local cultural elements. These three dimensions work together to form a da’wah model that is responsive to contemporary challenges while deeply rooted in the Ahlussunnah wal Jama’ah tradition.

Education in elementary schools (SD) has a strategic role in shaping students' character, especially in instilling the values ​​of religious tolerance and moderation. Teachers, as the main agents in the education process, play an important role in internalizing these values ​​through a contextual, integrative, and sustainable learning approach. This article discusses the role of teachers in instilling religious tolerance and moderation through teaching strategies, habituation, role models, and extracurricular activities. Based on literature studies, this article identifies effective approaches used by teachers, challenges faced, and implications for education policy in supporting the formation of moderate and tolerant attitudes in elementary school students. This study emphasizes that teachers not only act as teachers, but also as facilitators, guides, and role models in shaping students' character that is inclusive and respects diversity.

This study examines the effectiveness of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) in addressing the dissemination of pornographic content on Twitter/X. Using a literature review approach, it highlights UU ITE’s role in regulating digital activities by prohibiting the distribution of obscene content. Despite providing a robust legal framework, its implementation faces significant challenges, including user anonymity and limited monitoring capabilities. Data from the Ministry of Communication and Informatics (Kominfo) reveals a substantial increase in the number of blocked pornographic content, although it represents only a fraction of the broader issue. Additionally, Twitter/X’s content moderation policies often conflict with local regulations, requiring closer collaboration between governments and digital platforms. Potential solutions include adopting artificial intelligence for automatic detection, enhancing user verification, and fostering international cooperation. This study concludes that synergy between the government, digital platforms, and the public is essential for creating a safer and more conducive digital space.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the internalization of religious moderation values and the emotional intelligence of students in Buddhist colleges in Indonesia. The values of religious moderation are measured through indicators of national commitment, tolerance, anti-violence, and acceptance of traditions. Meanwhile, emotional intelligence includes self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. The research employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to students and analyzed using statistical correlation tests. The results of the study indicate a significant relationship between the internalization of religious moderation values and the level of students' emotional intelligence. Students with a high internalization of religious moderation values tend to exhibit better emotional intelligence, particularly in the areas of empathy and self-regulation. These findings highlight the importance of integrating religious moderation values into higher education curricula to support the emotional and character development of students.

This article investigates the complexities of protecting freedom of expression in the digital age, where social media and online platforms play a critical role. The study examines the tension between free speech, misinformation, hate speech, and content moderation policies implemented by governments and tech companies. Findings suggest that a balance must be struck between upholding freedom of expression and preventing harm, calling for a regulatory approach that respects both rights and responsibilities.

Indonesia is a country that is very famous for its friendly people and diverse culture. Indonesia has a motto which can no longer only be interpreted as values ​​that must be conveyed but rather its implementation. One of them is Bhineka Single Ika which is a motto which has an important role for the Indonesian people as a reference for good society in everyday life. The realization of the Indonesian nation's unity and integrity also rests on Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. This is because the nation of Indonesia requires infrastructure that can bring its diverse population together; in the absence of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, there will probably be a great deal of strife because of this diversity. Based on research results, the values ​​that are interrelated between Bhinneka Tunggal Ika and religious moderation are togetherness, justice, mutual respect and harmony. Researchers also found several findings and discussions in this research, namely the role of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika as the unifier of the Indonesian nation and also the role of Bhineka Tunggal Ika as the identity of the Indonesian nation. From these roles, it can be concluded that the various roles contained in Ika's motto of unity in diversity as an entity to strengthen pluralism in Indonesia, especially in social life.