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The intake of macro and micro nutrients is very important because the intake of these macronutrients is the main contributor to energy which is the main source for muscle growth. The purpose of this study is to determine the intake of macro and micro nutrients in the Islamic Islamic Boarding School Padang Garugur Padang Lawas Utara. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive research with the aim of creating a description or descriptive of a state of the research object. Data collection was conducted through interviews using macro and micro nutrient tester questionnaires. The questionnaire was given to students and students. The data were analyzed univariate to determine the distribution and frequency. The results of the study showed that the intake of macronutrients of students was in the protein intake of 19 respondents in the poor category, carbohydrate intake as many as 7 respondents in the poor category, and fat intake in 10 respondents in the poor category. The intake of micronutrients, namely the intake of drinking water consumed by students, was 9 respondents in the category of lack. It is recommended that students need to consume a variety of food and beverage intake that has nutritional content, in order to meet nutritional needs.

The intake of macro and micro nutrients is very important because the intake of these macronutrients is the main contributor to energy which is the main source for muscle growth. The purpose of this study is to determine the intake of macro and micro nutrients in the Islamic Islamic Boarding School Padang Garugur Padang Lawas Utara. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive research with the aim of creating a description or descriptive of a state of the research object. Data collection was conducted through interviews using macro and micro nutrient tester questionnaires. The questionnaire was given to students and students. The data were analyzed univariate to determine the distribution and frequency. The results of the study showed that the intake of macronutrients of students was in the protein intake of 19 respondents in the poor category, carbohydrate intake as many as 7 respondents in the poor category, and fat intake in 10 respondents in the poor category. The intake of micronutrients, namely the intake of drinking water consumed by students, was 9 respondents in the category of lack. It is recommended that students need to consume a variety of food and beverage intake that has nutritional content, in order to meet nutritional needs.

Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health issue, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, contributing to maternal morbidity and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The second trimester, marked by increased iron needs due to plasma volume expansion and fetal growth, is critical for preventing anemia. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), rich in micronutrients, may serve as an effective nutritional intervention to enhance hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the impact of moringa leaf supplementation on hemoglobin levels in second-trimester pregnant women. Using a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, the study was conducted at the Tadoy Community Health Center in Bolaang Mongondow Regency from October to November 2025, involving 25 pregnant women selected via purposive sampling. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the supplementation. Data analysis, including the Shapiro-Wilk test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, indicated significant changes in hemoglobin levels (p = 0.000). The results showed a notable increase in hemoglobin levels post-supplementation, supporting the potential of moringa leaves as a safe, affordable, and effective intervention. This finding suggests that moringa leaves could be integrated into antenatal care and nutrition education to help prevent anemia in pregnant women.  

Background: The postpartum period is a critical phase requiring optimal nutritional intake for maternal recovery and ensuring the quality of breast milk. In densely populated urban areas such as Semampir District, dietary quality is often influenced by the level of nutrition knowledge and household economic conditions. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutrition knowledge and household food security with dietary quality among postpartum mothers in Semampir District, Surabaya. Methods: This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 340 postpartum mothers were selected using simple random sampling. Nutrition knowledge was measured through a structured questionnaire, food security was assessed using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and dietary quality was measured using the 3-level Balanced Diet Index derived from 24-hour food recall data. Data were analyzed descriptively and through the Chi-Square correlation test. Results: The findings indicated that the majority of respondents possessed a good level of nutrition knowledge (average correct answers >75%), with the highest score in anemia prevention (81.2%) and the lowest in the functional role of Vitamin A (75.9%). Dietary quality assessment revealed that most respondents were in the [Select: Moderate/Poor] category based on IGS scores. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between both nutrition knowledge and household food security with the dietary quality of postpartum mothers. Conclusion: Good nutrition knowledge and stable food security contribute positively to the dietary quality of postpartum mothers. Targeted nutritional education regarding micronutrients and strengthening food access at the household level are essential to optimize maternal health during the postpartum period in urban settings.

The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been increasing among various age groups, including children and adults. UPF is generally low in iron content and can interfere with iron bioavailability, thereby increasing the risk of anemia. Additionally, the high calorie content of UPF contributes to the development of degenerative diseases. This study aims to analyze the relationship between UPF consumption, iron intake, and the risk of anemia. The study employs a narrative review method. Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases, using controlled terms. The results showed that high UPF consumption had a negative impact on iron intake and increased the risk of anemia. Similar effects were found in high fat and sodium consumption. Some studies showed varying results regarding protein intake, fiber, and micronutrients such as sodium and calcium. In general, it can be concluded that excessive UPF consumption negatively impacts the quality of nutrient intake, both macro and micro, and contributes to the occurrence of anemia. These findings highlight the need for public health strategies to limit UPF consumption, particularly among vulnerable populations, as a preventive effort against anemia.

This study aims to examine the relationship between occupational nutrition and employee productivity through a systematic literature review. The background of this research lies in the increasing attention to workplace health and the growing evidence that nutritional status can influence physical performance, cognitive function, and work outcomes. A total of 74 articles were initially identified from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Garuda, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed further. The findings indicate that adequate intake of macronutrients and micronutrients—particularly iron, protein, and B vitamins—correlates positively with productivity levels. Interventions such as nutritional education, iron supplementation, and structured meal programs at the workplace showed measurable effects in reducing absenteeism and fatigue while improving concentration and efficiency. The study concludes that occupational nutrition plays a vital role in supporting workforce performance and suggests its integration into workplace health policies. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, along with recommendations for future research

Trace elements such as copper, zinc, selenium, and chromium play essential roles in various enzymatic reactions, antioxidant defense mechanisms, and overall metabolic regulation, making them crucial for maternal and fetal health. During pregnancy, the demand for these micronutrients increases significantly due to physiological changes and the needs of the developing fetus. Inadequate or excessive levels of these trace elements can lead to altered fetal development and may impact neonatal outcomes immediately after birth. Given the sensitive developmental window of gestation, the intrauterine environment—including micronutrient status—has been hypothesized to influence neonatal physiological parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and Apgar scores, which are commonly used to assess neonatal wellbeing in the early minutes of life. This study attempts to explore the impact of maternal trace element status—specifically copper, zinc, selenium, and chromium—along with selected maternal parameters (BMI, parity, gravida) on indicators of neonatal wellbeing, including heart rate, respiratory rate, and 5-minute Apgar score. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Delivery Room of the Obstetric Hospital in Al-Diwaniya City, Iraq, involving 50 mother-infant pairs. Data collection occurred from December 1, 2024, to February 10, 2025. Maternal blood samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine serum concentrations of copper, zinc, selenium, and chromium. Neonatal outcomes were assessed via standard clinical evaluations: heart rate and respiratory rate were measured immediately postpartum, and Apgar scores were recorded at five minutes. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression to assess associations between maternal factors and neonatal outcomes. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated limited but noteworthy associations. Maternal serum chromium levels were significantly associated with increased neonatal respiratory rate (p = 0.026), suggesting a possible stimulatory or stress-related effect.

Night shift workers in the modern retail sector, especially minimarkets such as Alfamart Makassar City, often face the risk of health problems due to changes in circadian rhythms, irregular diets, and lack of nutrition education. Work patterns that require them to be active at night have an impact on metabolic imbalances, sleep quality disorders, and unhealthy eating habits. Most workers tend to eat fast food that is high in calories, fat, and sugar, but low in fiber and micronutrients. This condition can increase the risk of fatigue, decreased immunity, and impaired concentration at work. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional nursing interventions in improving the diet and physical condition of night shift workers. The research approach used was descriptive with a case study method on 32 Alfamart workers who worked night shifts. The research was carried out for three days, namely on May 24-26, 2025. The interventions provided include nutrition education through brief counseling, monitoring of food and fluid intake, and assistance in developing a meal schedule that is in accordance with night work patterns. The results of the study showed a significant improvement in nutritional behavior. After the intervention, 84% of participants started implementing a healthy diet with a frequency of twice per shift, 93% increased their water consumption as recommended, and 72% felt refreshed and did not get tired easily while working. In addition, as many as 78% of participants showed high compliance with the nutritional recommendations given. These findings prove that nutritional nursing interventions have an important role in the promotion of occupational health. Proper nutrition education not only increases workers' awareness of the importance of a healthy diet, but also has an impact on increasing the productivity and welfare of night shift workers. Therefore, nutrition promotion programs should be part of the management policies of retail companies to maintain employee health.

Hemoglobin and hematocrit examinations serve as important early indicators of hematological status, reflecting the blood’s capacity to transport oxygen. A decrease in these two parameters leads to anemia, which is often undetected due to minimal early symptoms and low awareness to undergo examinations. This activity was carried out using the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach, by examining hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in adult participants. Capillary blood samples were analyzed using a portable device at the examination location. Education was delivered through leaflets regarding the importance of iron, vitamin B12, and folate intake to support erythrocyte formation. The examination was attended by 104 participants, the majority of whom were women. The average hemoglobin was recorded as approaching the lower limit of normal values, while hematocrit levels showed wide variations. More than half of the participants were classified as having anemia. This high proportion of anemia highlights the urgent need for targeted nutritional education. Hemoglobin and hematocrit screening proves effective as an early detection tool for hematological disorders. Education that is linked to laboratory findings should be prioritized to promote improved dietary patterns, particularly the consumption of iron-rich foods, vitamin B12, and folate, in order to prevent erythropoietic dysfunction and long-term health complications.

Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are fundamental hematological screening parameters that are relevant for identifying potential erythropoiesis disorders. An imbalance in these two parameters often reflects undiagnosed anemia, especially in adults and the elderly. The activity was carried out at the Cengkareng Baptist Foundation using the Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA) approach. The examination was carried out using the capillary method based on Point-of-Care Testing (POCT). Nutrition education was provided using leaflets containing information about the importance of micronutrients for blood formation. A total of 62 participants took part in this activity, with an age range of 23–76 years. Most participants were female (74.2%). Hemoglobin values ​​ranged from 7.4 to 17.3 g/dL, with a median of 11.9 g/dL. A total of 64.5% of participants had anemia. Hematocrit values ​​ranged from 22.0 to 51.0%, with a median of 35.0%. The high prevalence of anemia identified through this screening underscores the importance of preventive efforts through targeted nutritional education. Emphasis should be placed on the adequate intake of iron, vitamin B12, and folate to promote behavior change and reduce anemia risk in the community.

The percentage of the Indonesian population with insufficient fruit and vegetable intake remains relatively high, at 97.5% for individuals aged 15-19 years and 96.8% for those aged 20-24 years. The SQ-FFQ method can serve as an instrument to assess the intake of fruits, vegetables, and micronutrients to enhance the immune system of students. This study aims to explore the relationship between the daily fruit and vegetable intake of students in Surabaya using the SQ-FFQ method and the estimated food record as the main reference materials. The population of this study consists of students from various universities in Surabaya, class of 2021. The research indicates that the SQ-FFQ method can assess the average daily fruit and vegetable intake and micronutrient intake more accurately than the estimated food record method. The highest correlation value in the fruit and vegetable intake correlation test was found in the fruit group, while the highest correlation value for micronutrient intake was found in vitamin C intake. Based on the research findings, it was concluded that the SQ-FFQ method is a valid instrument for measuring the daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and micronutrients.

The SQ-FFQ is a commonly used food consumption assessment method because it is quick, relatively inexpensive, simple, and can be self-administered by respondents. Each SQ-FFQ instrument developed should be validated for the target population to avoid overestimation of food consumption measurements. This study aims to determine the validity of the SQ-FFQ instrument as a tool for assessing food consumption. The 3 Days Food Record is used as the gold standard for comparison in the validity of the SQ-FFQ. Sampling was conducted using accidental sampling, with 30 student respondents. The Nutrisurvey application was used to determine the intake of energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients. Meanwhile, for the diversity score, it was based on the IDDS (Individual Dietary Diversity Score) with a score scale of 0-9. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software with Pearson Correlation tests to examine the relationship between the two methods. The correlation coefficient values for all nutrients showed a significance level of <0.005, with the highest correlation coefficient found for energy intake (r=0.708, p<0.001) and the lowest for iron intake (r=0.412, p=0.024). The correlation test for consumption diversity showed a p-value of <0.001 with a correlation coefficient of 0.706, indicating a strong relationship between the SQ-FFQ method and the 3 Days EFR. The results of this study indicate that the SQ-FFQ method is a valid tool for measuring food intake and diversity among university students in Surabaya.

Background: Iron-containing blood-boosting tablet supplements are crucial for meeting micronutrient needs in pregnant women and children. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron, have the potential to cause stunting. This supplementation program is expected to improve the nutritional status of the Indonesian population, prevent stunting, and support optimal growth.Objective: This systematic literature review aims to analyze the relationship between iron-boosting tablet supplements in meeting micronutrient needs and preventing stunting in children (toddlers and infants) in Indonesia.Method: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles in 3 main databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholars). Studies on the consumption of iron-boosting tablets for meeting micronutrient needs in stunting cases require a systematic review with inclusion criteria limited to articles published between 2015-2024, free full text, in Indonesian and English.Results: Of the 10 articles analyzed, most showed that consumption of Iron-Boosting Tablets (TTD) in pregnant women can increase hemoglobin levels and reduce the risk of anemia, which contributes to the prevention of stunting in children. However, the compliance rate of pregnant women in consuming TTD is still low due to side effects and lack of awareness. Additionally, socio-economic factors also play a role in children's nutritional status, where families with low incomes have a higher risk of anemia and stunting.Conclusion: TTD supplementation plays an important role in the prevention of anemia and stunting in children. However, its effectiveness is greatly influenced by the level of consumption compliance and socio-economic factors. Therefore, more intensive education and multi-sectoral policies are needed to improve accessibility and compliance with TTD consumption in stunting prevention efforts in Indonesia.    

Organic fertilizers contain organic materials such as compost, manure, or other organic waste materials. When organic fertilizers are applied to the soil, they provide an abundant source of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as essential micronutrients. The community service activity program aims to empower farmers with the knowledge and skills to make organic fertilizers from local materials, which not only lower production costs but also improve soil quality and crop yields. The community service activity with the theme "Assistance and Making Organic Fertilizers in Reducing Fertilizer Costs for Farmers in Rowo Gempol Village, Lekok District, Pasuruan Regency" Through the Participatory Action Research method which includes preparation, processing, application, and evaluation, this program has succeeded in improving soil quality and supporting plant growth in the campus green area. Organic fertilizers, produced from campus organic waste such as dry leaves and food scraps, increase soil nutrient content and plant health, and reduce the negative impacts of synthetic chemicals. This activity also involves students in the process of processing and applying fertilizers, providing practical experience and raising awareness of the importance of sustainable agriculture and environmental management. The evaluation results showed a significant positive impact on soil quality and plant growth, with more fertile soil and healthier plants. In addition to the ecological benefits, the program plays an important educational role, by increasing students' understanding of environmentally friendly practices and organic farming skills. The success of this model is expected to be replicated in other villages. so that the benefits of this program can be felt more widely and support the creation of more sustainable agriculture.

Introduction: ED (Eating Disorders) is one of the most difficult mental disorders to treat and treat, and the cost is even higher than schizophrenia. Secondary somatic complications due to malnutrition, severe weight loss and low levels of micronutrients. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a combination of interventions such as Expression Head Massage, Myofacial Release, Neurosenso Komplit, General Massage, Patterning, Play Therapy, Brain Gym, Oral Reflex Stimulation. Method: A single-subject study was conducted on a 22-month-old child with ED. Results: The results of the sensory examination evaluation showed an increase in sensory in the child. Conclusion: A 22-month-old child was diagnosed with Eating Disorder, initially given physiotherapy, the child did not want to eat rice at all, only wanted to drink milk and sometimes the child liked to hit and bite, but after doing routine physiotherapy and home programs, now the child is willing to feed 15 mouthfuls of rice and focus on the child has also begun to exist and the child's balance is increasing.

 Increasing food production requires pesticides to eradicate pests and leafhoppers that interfere with the growth of food crops and plantations. Pesticides have a negative impact in the form of disease and poisoning on farmers. Farmers are a work that is mostly carried out by the community in Borisallo Village, Parangloe District, Gowa Regency and is a partner in this service. The problems faced by partners are the lack of preventive counseling caused by pesticide exposure to farmers, the lack of micronutrient supplementation to increase body immunity and detoxification of pesticide exposure poisoning, and the unavailability of PPE in managing pesticides in the form of masks and gloves for farmers. The solutions are: (1) Counseling on the prevention of pesticide exposure to farmers, (2) Providing micronutrient supplementation to increase body immunity and detoxify pesticide toxins, (3) Providing PPE in the form of masks and gloves in spraying pesticides on farmers. The activity was carried out for 4 months with funding from the UMI Waqf Foundation. The results of the implementation of PKM (1) Counseling on the prevention of fertilizer exposure to 15 existing farmers, (2) Then continued with the provision of micronutrients and explanation of other food sources that contain micronutrients around the environment (3) Ended with the provision of PPE in the form of masks and gloves that can be used when managing and spraying pesticides. It is recommended to have thorough and periodic health checks on farmers, technical guidance related to healthy and safe fertilization methods continuously and switch to the use of organic or plant-based pesticides

Inappropriate complementary food given by parents to children under two years old is one of the causes of nutritional problems in children. There are still many parents who have insufficient knowledge about complementary foods and do not know the important ingredients that must be in them. The aim of this research is to explore various experiences of parents in providing MPASI Shredded Monas Perst to toddlers. Therefore, the solution to overcome this problem is to provide the right complementary food, namely Abon Monas Prest with a high content of protein and other micronutrients at a more affordable price. This study used qualitative with phenomenology approach. The population was 12 participants selected using purposive sampling technique, and obtained sample as many as 9 participants. The data analysis used Miles and Huberman model. The themes obtained were, 1) Parents feeling when giving complementary food, Abon Monas Prest for the first time, 2) Increased appetite in children under two years of age, 3) Supportive response from family members in providing complementary food, Abon Monas Prest. Giving complementary food, Abon Monas Prest can give parental knowledge​ about giving the right complementary food for overcome nutritional problems​ with increase lust feeding to children age under two year. Besides that, support member family is also important given to Mother child in giving right complementary food.

This study aims to explore the role of nutrition in disease prevention and identify the factors influencing the nutritional status of the population in Indonesia. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research analyzes scientific literature and secondary data from official sources such as the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The analysis results indicate that macro and micronutrients, such as complex carbohydrates, plant-based proteins, healthy fats, and vitamins and minerals, play a significant role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. The Mediterranean diet and plant-based eating patterns have proven effective in improving health and preventing disease. However, Indonesia faces complex nutritional challenges, including a high prevalence of stunting in children and rising obesity rates in adults. Stunting is primarily caused by limited access to nutritious food and lack of nutritional knowledge, while obesity is associated with high-calorie diets and low physical activity. This study suggests increasing nutrition education, access to nutritious food, and promoting healthy lifestyles as essential steps to address nutritional problems in Indonesia and improve the overall quality of life.  

The increasing Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in a world health crisis. The Covid-19 virus can attack various age groups, starting from babies, toddlers, children, elementary school children, adults and even those who are very vulnerable, namely the elderly and elderly. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended a balanced nutritional menu during childhood. covid-19 pandemic. This means that every food menu must include complete nutrition, including macronutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, fat, as well as micronutrients from vitamins and minerals. Therefore, it is necessary to provide education through counseling about balanced nutrition for adults during the Covid-19 pandemic. This activity will be carried out on March 25 2022 in V-A Hamlet, Sambi Rejo Village, Binjai District. This extension targets 30 hamlet communities. The activity organizer started the education by explaining about balanced nutrition, Covid-19, and sources of nutrients that can be consumed during the Covid-19 pandemic to increase immunity and recovery. The activity organizer provided counseling for approximately 60 minutes and continued with a question and answer session. In this session, 5 people asked questions and discussed their experiences in consuming certain sources of nutrients during the Covid-19 pandemic.

This systematic review examines the correlation between nutrition and mental health outcomes. By synthesizing data from various studies, the research highlights the impact of dietary patterns, micronutrient deficiencies, and food quality on mental health disorders, including depression and anxiety. The review underscores the importance of nutritional interventions in mental health care, suggesting that a balanced diet may play a crucial role in overall psychological well-being.