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Many studies have described meta-analysis on the overall effect of e-learning influence in learning. However, there has been no meta-analysis of the overall effect of STEM-based e-learning on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).  The purpose of this study investigates the effect of STEM-based e-learning on students' critical thinking skills in Indonesia. This type of research is a Systematic Literature Review (SL) and meta-analysis. Data sources came from 10 national and international journals published in 2018-2023. The process of searching for data sources through Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Eric, and Springer. Data analysis used the Hedge formula to calculate effect size with the help of the JSAP application. The findings show that the effect size value (ES = 0.793) is medium. This explains that STEM-based e-learning provides a very high positive impact and is effective in improving students' Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Furthermore, HOTS characteristics do not cause heterogeneity in the results of STEM-based e-learning research on students' Higher Order Thinking Skills. The findings suggest that educators should choose STEM-based e-learning as one of the learning models to improve students' Higher Order Thinking skills in Indonesia.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of STEM-integrated blended learning on Indonesian students' science literacy. This research is a type of meta-analysis research. The data sources in the study came from the analysis of 10 national and international journals published from 2017-2023. The data search process through searching on Google Scholar, Scopus, Wiley, Eric and Hindawi Journal. Data collection techniques in research through direct observation by tracing studies related to research variables. The keywords in this article search are blended learning, STEM and science literacy. Data analysis technique is descriptive quantitative analysis technique with JSAP application. The results concluded that STEM-integrated blended learning is effective in encouraging the level of science literacy of students in Indonesia with an effect size value of 0.71 and N-gain of 0.82. Blended learning greatly supports the learning process in Indonesia in improving students' literacy in learning.