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Anemia remains a significant nutritional problem among adolescent girls due to increased iron requirements during growth and menstruation. Iron (Fe) tablet supplementation is commonly used for prevention, but low compliance often limits its effectiveness. Moringa oleifera leaf tea offers a potential local food–based alternative intervention. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf tea and iron tablets in increasing hemoglobin levels among anemic adolescent girls. A quasi-experimental two-group pretest–posttest design was employed in December 2025 at two junior high schools in Gorontalo City. The sample consisted of 18 adolescent girls with mild to moderate anemia, divided equally into a Moringa leaf tea group and an iron tablet group. The tea group consumed Moringa leaf tea twice daily for 14 days, while the tablet group consumed one iron tablet per week for two weeks. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention using a digital hemoglobin analyzer. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney test showed that both interventions significantly increased hemoglobin levels. However, the increase was greater in the Moringa group (ΔHb 1.4–3.2 g/dL; p = 0.008) compared to the iron tablet group (ΔHb 0.5–0.8 g/dL; p = 0.007). A significant difference between groups (p < 0.001) indicates that Moringa oleifera leaf tea is more effective as an alternative intervention.

Stress among early adolescent girls in junior high school is an increasing health concern due to academic demands, social pressure, digital exposure, and menstrual related discomforts. Complementary interventions such as deep-breathing techniques offer a simple method that can be implemented in school settings to rapidly reduce stress. This study aimed to examine the effect of deep-breathing techniques on menstrual related stress among ninth-grade female students at SMPN 2 Rambutan, Banyuasin Regency.  A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was used. The sample consisted of 60 students selected from the ninth-grade population. Stress levels were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) focusing on stress during menstruation before and after a single deep-breathing session. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed a significant reduction in stress scores after the intervention (p < 0.001). The proportion of students in the high-stress category decreased from 20% to 6.7%, while those in the low-stress category increased from 10% to 30%. The mean stress score decreased from 21.35 ± 4.82 to 15.42 ± 4.11. This study concludes that deep-breathing techniques are effective in reducing menstrual-related stress in female students within a single session and can be recommended as a complementary strategy that is easy to implement in schools for adolescent menstrual stress management.

Background: Menstruation is the result of a complex interaction that involves the hormonal system and body organs, namely the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovaries and uterus. Things that affect the age of menarche are nutritional status, diet, family economic status, and sports activities.BMI is determined by body weight and height. The impact if young women experience early menarche, which is less than 12 years old, is at risk of developing breast cancer and ovarian cancer To find out the relationship between body mass index values ​​and the age of menarche in young women at Abulyatama Middle School, Aceh Besar district in 2023. This research method is analytic with a cross sectional study design. Using Independent Variables and dependent variables. Sampling technique Random sampling.Data analysis using Chi Square. Results The showed that out of 30 respondents whose body mass index was underweight, 13 respondents (43.3%) had overweight nutritional status, 10 respondents (33.3%) and normal nutritional status, 7 respondents (23.3%). Conclusion: the relationship between body mass index values ​​and menarche age in young women at Abulyatama Junior High School, Aceh Besar District. Based on the test results using Chi Square, it is known that P Value = 0.013, then Ho is rejected, Ha is accepted.

Background: Dysmenorrhea, characterized by pain around the abdomen, waist, and lower back, arises due to increased prostaglandin hormone levels during menstruation. If left untreated, this pain will disrupt the daily activities and academic performance of adolescent girls. Management can be achieved through the use of acupressure and listening to the recitation of the Qur'an, both of which are safe and effective in alleviating pain, promoting relaxation, and obtaining the blessings of Allah SWT. The objectives of the research: This study aims to evaluate the impact of acupressure therapy with Ar-Rahman murottal on the reduction of dysmenorrheic pain in students of SMP Negeri 2 Giriwoyo Methods: This research employs a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group approach. The study sample consists of 36 respondents selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test to compare the treatment and control groups. Results: he dysmenorrhea pain scale in the treatment group significantly decreased compared to the control group, with a P-value of 0.016 < α 0.05. Acupressure therapy combined with the recitation of Surah Ar-Rahman was effective in reducing dysmenorrhea pain in female students at SMP Negeri 2 Giriwoyo. Summary: This study concludes that acupressure therapy combined with the recitation of Surah Ar-Rahman can be an effective alternative for alleviating dysmenorrhea pain in adolescent girls.

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is abdominal pain, cramps and back pain experienced by women at the beginning of menstruation for 48-72 hours. This condition is most often experienced by women in their late teens to young adults (15-25 years) due to optimization of uterine function so that prostaglandin secretion increases. In Indonesia, the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea reaches 54.89%, with a significant impact on adolescent activities. One of the effective non-pharmacological methods to overcome primary dysmenorrhea is abdominal effleurage massage, which is performed directly on the site of pain so that endogenous analgesics (endorphins) are released and pain transmission to the cerebral cortex is inhibited. Purposes: To analyze the effect of abdominal effleurage massage on reducing primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. Research method: This study used a quantitative method with a pre-experimental one group pretest posttest design method. The population of this study was 45 adolescents. The sample was taken using a simple random sampling technique of 21 female students who experienced primary dysmenorrhea. Data collection was carried out using the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) pain scale observation sheet. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Based on the analysis test using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, a significance value of 0.00 (p <0.05) was obtained, which means Ha was accepted. In other words, abdominal effleurage massage has an effect on reducing primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. Conclusion: There is an effect of abdominal effleurage massage on reducing primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents.

This study uses qualitative methods to analyze the law on menstrual leave and maternity leave rights in the practice of the workplace in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the implementation of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower which provides menstrual leave and maternity leave rights for female workers, and examines the obstacles faced in its implementation in various companies. The results of the study indicate that although the legal framework has clearly regulated these rights, their implementation in the field is still not optimal. The main obstacles found include the lack of understanding and awareness of workers and employers, weak government supervision, and the existence of cultural stigma and discrimination related to menstruation and pregnancy. In addition, several companies still implement policies that are not in accordance with regulations, such as salary deductions or restrictions on leave rights. This study recommends increasing the socialization of regulations, strengthening supervision, and enforcing strict sanctions so that legal protection for menstrual leave and maternity leave rights can be realized fairly and effectively, thereby supporting social justice and the protection of female workers in Indonesia.  

According to data from the World Health Organization, around 90% of women experience severe dysmenorrhea, and 10-15% experience mild dysmenorrhea. Research in various countries has also shown that more than 50% of women suffer from primary dysmenorrhea. This study aims to analyze the impact of health education on how adolescent girls cope with menstrual pain at MA Alhudaebiyah, Sukabumi, in 2024. The research method used is a descriptive quantitative approach with a sample of 50 female students from grades X, XI, and XII. The results show that 88% of the respondents experience primary dysmenorrhea, and most of them employ strategies that are not very effective. The Chi-Square statistical test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (α < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between knowledge level and efforts to reduce pain. The Odds Ratio (OR) value of 215 indicates that good knowledge greatly increases the likelihood of taking more effective actions.

Menstruation is a sign that a woman has a uterus in her stomach, so menstruation is normal for all women. Sharia-based menstruation has differences in terms of cleansing (hygiene), counting the menstrual blood that comes out, prohibitions, and what is permitted during menstruation. This research is quantitative research, using Pre-Experimental Design with a Two Group Pretest-Posttest design. Sampling used a stratified random sampling technique, the number of respondents was 64 female students using the paired t-test. The results of the respondent analysis weare obtained from 32 respondents at SMA 3 Sultan Agung, on average there were 25 female students aged 17 years with a percentage of (78.1%). And it is known that of the 32 respondents at SMA 1 Sultan Agung, the average number of 17 year old female students was 22 respondents with a percentage of (66.7%). And the test results show that the level of knowledge of SMA 3 Sultan Agung female students increased significantly after receiving the intervention from (30.46%) to (86.87%). However, this is different from SMA 1 Sultan Agung, where there are only slight changes because there is no intervention. There is an influence of Sharia-based menstrual education on adolescent behavior during menstruation in high school with a p-value of 0.001 (p-value < 0.05)

Menstruation was a natural process experienced by females who have entered puberty. In Islam, maintaining cleanliness during menstruation was not only essential for physical health but also has spiritual significance. Family support, especially from parents, plays a crucial role in shaping adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about personal hygiene during menstruation. Based on the tests conducted, there is a significant relationship between family support and knowledge (p < 0.05), attitude (p < 0.05), and behavior (p < 0.05) concerning Islamic personal hygiene during menstruation. Respondents who received high family support tended to have better knowledge, attitudes, and hygiene practices. There is a correlation between family support and knowledge, gesture, and behaviors regarding Islamic personal hygiene during menstruation among female adolescents in junior high schools in Semarang.

Background: Menstrual disorders that are often found in women include late menstruation, and the amount of menstrual blood. Almost 75% of adolescents experience menstruation, including irregular cycles, pain, long and heavy bleeding during menstruation. The menstrual cycle is not only influenced by biological factors such as lifestyle, hormonal disorders, nutritional status, but can also be influenced by social and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls at MAN 1 Semarang City. Method: This type of research is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The sample of this study amounted to 168 respondents. The respondent selection used probability sampling technique. This study used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis tests. The analysis used was Spearman's rho and multiple logistic regression. Results and Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the factors age, menarche, diet, nutritional status, and hemoglobin levels have no relationship to the menstrual cycle in female adolescents, but from the factors of stress, physical activity, fast food consumption habits, and sleep quality there is a relationship to the menstrual cycle in female adolescents at MAN 1 Semarang City where for stress level obtained p value: 0.002, physical activity with p value: 0.012, fast food consumption habits with p value: 0.035, and sleep quality with p value: 0.022. The factors that most influence the menstrual cycle in female adolescents at AN 1 Semarang City are stress levels with p value 0.002 and Od Ratio 3.365.

The intensity of menstrual pain in adolescent girls can decrease study concentration due to discomfort and anxiety affected by hormonal changes during menstruation. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of anxiety and intensity of menstrual pain with adolescent girls' study concentration. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional analytical approach, with a total of 133 respondents determined by the solvin formula. Data collection used three instruments: Anxiety level, intensity of menstrual pain, and study concentration. The data analysis was carried out using the Spearman Rank test with valid and rebable questionnaires. The study showed that there was a significant relationship between anxiety level and learning concentration P-Value = 0.000 and rho = 0.426 while menstrual pain and learning concentration P-Value = 0.000 and rho = 0.515. so it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the level of anxiety and intensity of menstrual pain and the concentration of adolescent girls' learning. This research can increase the role of community nurses in counseling, reproductive education and relaxation training for female students with menstrual pain, anxiety and learning concentration disorders.

Women, especially teenagers, often experience dysmenorrhea during menstruation.  The lower part of the stomach is where this discomfort occurs.  The aim of this research is to find out how dietary status influences dysmenorrhea complaints in Bali Dwipa University students. The quantitative descriptive survey method was used in this research. The research sample obtained using a stratified sampling approach was 30 people from a total population of 43 people. The frequency distribution of each variable was analyzed and the chi square test was used to determine the relationship. Research findings show that nutritional status has an impact on female students' dysmenorrhea symptoms. This research aims to deepen understanding and serve as a guide for further research. Apart from that, it is believed that this research can provide further information which can then provide suggestions regarding solutions related to this problem, especially those related to dysmenorrhea complaints in female students.

Introduction: stress is a condition of a person due to stimulation or pressure. Women are susceptible to emotional disorders or stress. Many factors affect irregular menstrual patterns, including stress. Irregular menstrual cycles can have serious impacts on women's health which will affect the metabolic, fertility, sexual, and reproductive systems. The inability to reproduce naturally can cause shame, guilt, and low self-esteem. These negative feelings can cause various levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and poor quality of life. This article aims to determine the effect of stress on women's menstrual cycles and fertility. Research method: a literature review with narratives from various research results related to stress and the menstrual cycle, as well as women's fertility. Data sources: from national and international journals indexed from 2017 to 2023. Results: increased production of CRH and cortisol causes decreased ovulation. This decreased ovulation will affect the length of the proliferation and secretion period, thereby affecting the menstrual cycle. Stress affects menstrual cycle disorders and women's fertility. Conclusion: stress influences changes in women's menstrual cycles and fertility so women need counseling and support during therapy.

Dysmenorrhea is a disorder characterized by lower abdominal pain that occurs during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea problems in adolescent girls if not treated immediately can have a negative impact on adolescent productivity including learning activities. There are several ways that can be done to reduce menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea). However, this study only carried out Acupressure Therapy to reduce dysmenorrhea to determine whether there was a relationship between acupressure and reducing the intensity of menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) in adolescent girls at SMA PABA Binjai in 2024. The research method used the Chi-Square test. With the population and sample of this study were adolescent girls with menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) in grades X & XI SMA PABA Binjai in 2024 as many as 28 respondents using the total sampling technique. The research instrument used a procedure and observation sheet. The data used are primary and secondary data. Data analysis univariate and bivariate using the Chi-Square test. The results of the study indicate that there is a Relationship between Acupressure Therapy and Reducing the Intensity of Menstrual Pain (Dysmenorrhea) in Adolescent Girls at SMA PABA Binjai in 2024 with a degree of significance (α) = 0.05 and df = 1, the calculation results are Sig (2-tailed) 0.000 <(α) = 0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between acupressure therapy and reducing the intensity of menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea). It is hoped that adolescent girls with menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) will routinely carry out acupressure therapy according to the technique to reduce menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) felt during menstruation.

This study aims to improve the health status of families so that a healthy and prosperous family is realized in the family of Mr. "Z" with menorrhagia in adolescent girls in Ngalong Hamlet, Kuta Village, Pujut District. The study was carried out by collecting all available data sheet formats through interview techniques and systemic observation. Subjective data, especially on the main complaint of menstruation for more than 10 days and changes, Blood Pressure (BP): 98/80 mmHg, Respiration (P): 18 x / i, Pulse (N): 88 x / i, Temperature (S): 36.5o C, eyes are not edematous, pale conjunctiva, white sclera. The potential diagnosis in this case is endometrium but it did not occur because it has been handled properly. Immediate action that can be taken is to collaborate with health workers and patients. The planning carried out on Ms. M aged 14 years is: informing about the results of the examination, explaining the signs and symptoms, handling menorrhagia and consulting a Sp.OG doctor. The implementation given to Ms. M with Hypermenorrhea is: informing about the results of the examination that Ms. M's general condition informs about the results of the examination, explains the signs and symptoms, treatment of menorrhagia, and consultation with a Sp.OG doctor. Evaluation is a stage of assessment of the success of the maintenance given in overcoming consultation with a Sp. DAN doctor.

Dysmenorrhea is a gynecological complaint caused by an imbalance of the hormone progesterone in the blood, resulting in pain during menstruation which often occurs in women. One effort to treat menstrual pain is non-pharmacological therapy with endhorpine massage. The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of endorpine massage on dysmenorrhoea in young women at SMA Takwa Palembang. The research method uses quasi-experimental one group pretest and posttest. The population is all class X female students. The total sample was 28 people taken using purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) which was measured before after the endorphin massage. Results: The average pain scale before endorpine massage was 4.83 (moderate pain) with a maximum value of 6 and a minimum value of 4. In the second measurement, the average pain scale was 2.61 (mild pain) with a maximum value of 4 and a minimum of 2. Results paired t test obtained α 0.022 < 0.05. Conclusion: There is an effect of endorphin massage on dysmenorrhoea in young women at SMA Takwa Palembang. It is hoped that related parties will develop complementary therapies to treat menstrual pain in adolescents through education.

Menstruation is the decay of the uterine wall or accompanied by bleeding due to the absence of fertilization. Menstrual cycle disorders are caused by several factors including stress, endocrine disorders, diet, nutritional status, nutrient intake, physical activity and sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macronutrient intake and menstrual cycle female  adolescents of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban. Analytical research method with cross sectional approach. The sample in this study was adolescent girls of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban totaling 201 respondents, as samples randomited by simple random sampling echniquel. Independent variable of macronutrients and dependent variable of menstrual cycle. The analysis in this study used the spearmans correlation statistical test. The results showed that energy and carbohydrate intake was almost half normal at 47.3% and 43.8%. While the protein intake is mostly normal at 57.2% and fat intake is almost half experiencing excess intake at 44.3%. Statistical test results were obtained (p < 0.05), energy intake (p = 0.000), protein intake (p = 0.003), fat intake (p = 0.000) , and carbohydrate intake (p = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between macronutrient intake and menstrual cycle in adolescent girls of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban.  

Healthy lifestyles are habits of doing something, be it food, healthy behavior so as to avoid the disturbance of all kinds of diseases, both physical and non-physical diseases, as well as birth control users must also strive for a healthy lifestyle, such as managing a healthy diet, rest, exercise, eating vegetables and fruits, doing optimal physical activity, not consuming alcohol, and maintaining a healthy body. In this problem, many family planning users do not pay attention to a healthy lifestyle because they think that the family planning tools used have no risk to health, but the use of family planning has side effects on health such as menstruation is not smooth, the body is obese, the body feels warm or feverish, there are blood clots, nausea, bloating, changes in vision, difficulty in getting back to normal, headaches, and others. To be able to attract the attention of the community in implementing a healthy lifestyle for family planning users, it is very necessary to have a system that can help people in changing their unhealthy lifestyle to a healthier one by grouping family planning user data based on variables that have been determined using the clustering method, to group data on healthy lifestyles for family planning users which later the results of this study can be used as input and guidance for a healthy lifestyle for family planning users, so that family planning users are more careful and have a healthy life. Of the 20 data, there are 3 groups, namely group 1 there are 4 data and group 2 there are 4 data and group 3 there are 12 data from the above results it can be seen that in cluster 3 is a group on family planning users based on a lot with a total of 12 data and is located in the contraceptive type group (X) is injectable birth control, and for the lifestyle group (Y), namely Frequent Night Baths and Risk (Z), namely Decreased Bone Strength.  

During menstruation one of the most common complaints experienced by adolescents during menstruation caused by severe contractions of the uterine muscles is called dysmenorrhea. Almost all teenage daughters experience menstrual pain with levels of pain ranging from mild to severe. The absence of teenagers at school is one of the consequences of dysmenorrhea. Abdominal Stretching Exercise is an alternative non-pharmacological therapy option that can reduce dysmenorrhea. During exercise, there will be an increase in the levels of endorphins produced in the brain and also in the spinal cord nerve structure. To find out the impact of abdominal stretching exercises on decreased dysmenorrhea in teenage girls. This type of research is pre-experimental with the design of one group pretest posttest with a sample of 26 respondents. The research tools used in this data collection are the numeric rating scale questionnaire sheet and the observation sheet. The abdominal stretching exercise is performed on the first day of menstruation twice with a duration of 15 minutes. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. Before performing abdominal stretching exercises some respondents experienced severe to moderate pain. The Wilcoxon test results showed an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of <0.05 which means there is an effect of Abdominal Stretching Exercise on Dismenorean Pain Reduction in Teenage Girls. The abdominal stretching exercises have an effect on dismenoreal pain reduction in teenage girls.

Drought is an event in an area that experiences water scarcity at a certain time which is caused by a certain event. According to BNPB (2023), Central Java Province ranks first in drought disasters with 24 areas in Central Java experiencing drought disasters. According to BPBD, Sukoharjo Regency is one of the areas experiencing drought, one of which is Weru District, Tawang Village. The impact of the drought disaster has resulted in problems in the economic, social health and education sectors. One of the impacts of the drought disaster in the health sector is a decrease in the level of personal hygiene in teenagers during menstruation. The aim of this research was to determine the level of personal hygiene during menstruation among adolescents in drought areas in Tawang Village, Sukoharjo Regency. This research method uses a quantitative descriptive method with a sample size of 73 respondents and uses random sampling techniques. The results of the research showed that the personal hygiene level of the majority of respondents was moderate, as many as 40 respondents (54.8%). The conclusion is that the level of personal hygiene during menstruation in teenagers in drought areas is in the moderate category.