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Traditional games are games passed down from ancestors, but traditional games have been marginalized because in the modern era 4.0 the use of technology is very much used in everyday life. The technology that is often used is cellphones. The use of cellphones starts from teenagers, adults and even children who use cellphones like elementary school children. Mobile phones are usually used by children to play online games because children can play online games anywhere and anytime, which results in children not playing with their peers because they are already engrossed and focused on the online games on their mobile phones. This research aims to explore the character values ​​that can be instilled in elementary school students through game congklak or barn. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature review. The results of this research show that the traditional game congklak or lumbung can instill character values ​​in elementary school students such as the values ​​of honesty, discipline, hard work, creativity, curiosity, independence, communicativeness, responsibility and respect for achievement.

The purpose of this article is to find out how important good communication etiquette is because we as human beings must have good etiquette when we speak so that people who communicate with us feel comfortable and will not be offended by what we say. This ethical culture must be instilled within us. ourselves in accordance with the teachings of Islam, especially those taught by the Al-Quran. Organizational culture is very important, especially in Islamic educational institutions, where it creates a culture that is flexible and never regressive, which when combined with a religion based on the Koran and Sunnah will make the institution perfect. In addition, religious individuals will separate their culture in the struggle for education itself if they cannot integrate religious teachings into their daily lives. marginalized in competition in the world of education itself, culture and ethics are very important in relation to our daily lives in small and large scopes, communication ethics is very important, namely it will make us more careful and clever in speaking. In Islamic organizations, manners and ethics of communication are highly prioritized, not only in our own country, but also in our own country. Even abroad, we are the same, so wherever we are, we should speak kind words.

Pharmacological treatments such as vitamin B6 can be used to treat nausea, vomiting. However, pregnant women can use natural remedies such as ant sugar to prevent drug side effects. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of giving ant sugar and ginger on reducing nausea vomiting in pregnant women in the first trimester. This type of research uses pre post with control group design. The sample was 10 respondents of the intervention group and 10 respondents as a control group. Bivariate analysis is a statistical homogeinity test. The results of the study that the incidence of nausea vomiting in pregnant women trimester 1 before being given a combination therapy of ant sugar and ginger was obtained as many as 3 respondents (30%) mild category, 6 respondents (60%) medium category and 1 respondent (1%) weight category. After being given ant sugar and ginger, there was a decrease in vomiting to 3 respondents (30%) not nauseated vomiting, 3 respondents (30%) mild category, 3 respondents (30%) moderate category and 1 respondent (1%) weight category. The results of statistical tests using marginal homogeinity tests in this study showed a p value of 0.014 (< 0.05). The implication that giving ant sugar and ginger has an influence on reducing nausea vomiting in first trimester pregnant women.    

For thousands of years, the Dayak Ngaju people in Central Kalimantan have practiced a traditional rice cultivation system called Manugal, which involves planting rice directly on the ground without artificial fertilizers or pesticides. This method relies on rainwater and natural materials, and it is guided by the teachings of the Kaharingan belief system, recognizing rice as a divine manifestation, and adhering to the traditional calendar. However, the Green Revolution and the globalization of modern food production, initiated in the late 1960s, introduced intensive agriculture, chemical inputs, and high-yielding crop varieties. This modernization marginalized local traditions, including Manugal, in Central Kalimantan. This qualitative descriptive case study examines the background of the Green Revolution and its impact on Manugal, the ecological consequences of agricultural modernization, and the comparison between Manugal and modern monoculture farming systems. The study aims to propose strategies for maintaining the Manugal tradition and achieving ecological sustainability.

Marginalized children in the Seroja Surakarta Women and Children Empowerment Institution (PPAP) have a background of various factors, including poverty, difficulty getting a job, no longer having parents or disabled, no place to live, and low education. Seeing these problems, what is needed by marginalized children is how they can get welfare in the present and in the future, especially in the economic aspect. Therefore the Slamet Riyadi University PKM Team carried out training activities on using the Tiktok application to help these marginalized children to be able to work even if they only used cellphones. Marginalized children will be given knowledge about using the Tiktok application, training to become Tiktok Sellers, namely how they can have an online shop on Tiktok, Host Live Tiktok Shops, namely how they can do live, sell, and Tiktok Affiliate so they can get sales commissions without the need to have prior capital. With this training, children can work even if only at home.

The existence of infrastructure and development that continues to develop in Kulon Progo, such as the YIA Airport in  Kulon Progo, hotels and shopping centers can lead to rapid development growth in Kulon Progo. With development increasing rapidly but not accompanied by the development of human resources in the surrounding area, this has resulted in the marginalization of the surrounding community. The author's aim is to analyze the activities carried out by the Kulon Progo government to increase the capacity of the Kulon Progo community. Can also analyze problems that arise in the development process and how the Department handles them. A qualitative approach was chosen for this research process, namely descriptive research. The data sources used are primary data obtained during the research process and secondary data from books and other literature. The data collection process was carried out by interviews, direct observation and documentation. The research results include plans for development and empowerment activities prepared by the department taking into account various agency linkages and the needs of business actors in Kulon Progo. The Department carries out various programs such as training to increase production capacity, improving central management, issuing permits to increase business capacity in Kulon Progo. Monitoring and evaluation of activities is also carried out to determine the obstacles and successes of activity programs.

Banda Aceh, a coastal city located in the western most province of Indonesia, has long been known for its stunning natural beauty and vibrant cultural heritage. Situated on the northern tip of Sumatra Island, this bustling city is surrounded by the vast expanse of the Indian Ocean on one side and picturesque hills on the other. However, beneath its picturesque facade lies an alarming reality - Banda Aceh stands perilously exposed to a high risk of disaster.. With the history of disasters in Aceh which is one of the biggest disasters that has caused many casualties, education related to disaster awareness needs to be carried out. People with hearing  disabilities are one of the vulnerable groups in the event of a disaster. Education related to disaster awareness is a form of non-structural mitigation which at this time has been widely carried out both in formal education in schools and campuses and informally in the community. Efforts to increase disaster awareness through education are important, including for groups with disabilities . As a group with hearing impairments, they are at greater risk when a disaster occurs because they cannot hear warnings through sound media and the communications gap. However, with disaster awareness through education, people with disabilities are also expected to be able to carry out independent evacuations and save themselves when a disaster occurs. This research aimed to explore the effectiveness of designing disaster media education for children with disabilities in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Recognizing the unique vulnerabilities of children with disabilities during disasters, the study focused on developing an inclusive and accessible media-based educational program. The method used in the research is qualitative research and encompassed various stages, including needs assessment, program development and implementation. Designing disaster media education for children with disabilities in Banda Aceh proved to be an effective and essential approach to bridge the education gap and enhance disaster preparedness among this marginalized group. The research outcomes emphasize the importance of inclusive and accessible education in disaster management, aiming to ensure the safety and well-being of all children, regardless of their abilities. The findings of this research contribute to the growing body of knowledge on disability-inclusive disaster education and provide a basis for future program development and policy-making in disaster management in Banda Aceh and beyond.

 Older adults are someone who is over 60 years old, which is the final stage of the development of human life, or someone who is starting to enter the stage of the aging process. This study aimed to determine the difference in effectiveness of giving bay leaf decoction with hypertension exercise to older adults with hypertension to reduce blood pressure in Karangayu, Semarang Barat, before and after the intervention. This research method used quasi-experimental pre-and post-tests for two intervention groups, 1 and 2. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling on 74 respondents, using pre-test and post-test observation sheets with SOP for boiled bay leaves and SOP for hypertension exercises. This study showed that the average blood pressure before being given the bay leaf decoction intervention in group 1 was 89.2% with severe pain. In contrast, the average blood pressure after being given bay leaf decoction intervention was 86.5%, with mild blood pressure. For group 2, the average blood pressure before being given the hypertension exercise intervention was 94.6% with severe pain. Meanwhile, the average blood pressure after the hypertension exercise intervention was 75.7% with mild blood pressure. The results of the marginal homogeneity test obtained a P value of 0.001 (<0.05), meaning that there was a significant difference in mean between the pre-test and post-test, which affected the effect of giving bay leaf decoction with hypertension exercise on blood pressure in the older adults. Advice to health services, such as Posbindu (Pos Pembinaan Terpadu), on how to provide non-drug treatment with bay leaf decoction and hypertension gymnastics, which means physical exercise and traditional medicine, as part of training for Posbindu officers in secondary prevention services for high blood pressure in older adults.

Introduction : Aromatherapy is a way of treating disease by using odors that generally come from plants and smell nice and are called essential oils. Lavender essential oil can be used to treat insomnia, improve sleep quality and improve long-term hospital stays, as well as reduce the need for sedatives at night. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality and anxiety in students who will face field work practices at the Vancanitty Health Vocational School, Cianjur Regency. Methods: The instruments used in this study consisted of three parts, namely SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) lavender aromatherapy, the PSQI sleep quality questionnaire and the ZSAS anxiety questionnaire whose results were known by giving the questionnaire before the lavender aromatherapy intervention was carried out and after being given lavender aromatherapy then measured the level of student anxiety decreased or increased. Statistical test using the Marginal Homogeneity Test. The population and sample in this study were 11th grade nursing students with a total of 28 students at the Vancanitty Health Vocational School. Results: The average level of students' sleep quality before lavender aromatherapy therapy was in the moderate category (60.7%) and after lavender aromatherapy therapy the average level of students' sleep quality was in the good category (75.0%). The average level of student anxiety before lavender aromatherapy therapy was in the medium category (64.3%) and after lavender aromatherapy the average student anxiety level was in the low category (75.0%). The result of the asym sig 2 tailed value is <0.01, so the hypothesis is accepted. Conclusion: There is an effect of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality and student anxiety with a p value <0.01.

This study aims to describe the forms of discrimination experienced by female characters based on Marginalization, Stereotypes, Subordination, Violence, and Overload. This research discusses in more detail the prohibition of discriminating against women in any form. The data in this study are in the form of sentences and words which are included in the form of discrimination against women. The source of the data in this study is the reading of the novel Silariang by Oka Aurora. The data in the study were collected using reading techniques, listening techniques, and note-taking techniques. The results of this study indicate that there is an act of discrimination against female characters in the silariang novel by Oka Aurora which is studied based on the theory of Apriandra, Sarah and Krisnan Hetti 2021 and then there are elements of acts of discrimination, namely: Marginalization does not give the right to express opinions and does not have the right to vote life partner, stereotypes, subordination, violence such as sexual violence due to arranged marriages and excessive burdens. The results of this study can be concluded that it is not only social status that causes discrimination but with the existence of culture and customs that must be inherited, guarded and firmly held by the parents of female figures, discrimination occurs so that actions against adat with silariang become the only way to break through solid walls of nobility, but in the end the blue blood becomes red blood too.    

Remaja merupakan kelompok usia yang sangat rentan terhadap resiko triad kesehatan reproduksi antara lain kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan, aborsi, perkawinan dan pernikahan dini, Narkoba, dan HIV/AIDS. Masalah kesehatan reproduksi siswa terkadang diperparah dengan kurangnya pengetahuan mereka tentang kesehatan reproduksi yang sehat. Salah satu cara pemerintah menangani masalah kesehatan reproduksi adalah melalui pendidikan. Remaja akan mendapatakan informasi yang akurat tentang kesehatan reproduksi melalui edukasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas edukasi media vidio terhadap tingkat pengethauan kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian quasy eksperimen dengan metode one group pre-test  dan post-test, responden penelitian ini sebanyak 64 responden. Teknik sampel yaitu menggunakan Random sampling. Hasil penelitian di dapatkan bahwa ada peningkatan penegtahuan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi media vidio kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Berdasarkan uji statistic marginal homogenity diketahui bahwa p-value =0,0001 (<0,05) yang bermakna terdapat efektivitas edukasi media vidio terhadap peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Berdasarkan penelitian ini,edukasi kesehatan repdroduksi remaja melalui vidio dapat digunakan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan pemahaman kesehatan reproduksi remaja.  

This research discusses about the problem of resistance to gender injustice in Dian Purnomo's novel Perempuan yang Menangis kepada Bulan Hitam (PMBH). This study aims to describe and interpret the forms of resistance of women who experience gender injustice and to understand the forms of gender injustice experienced by these female characters. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative by utilizing feminist literary criticism theory. Data sources are obtained from the entire contents or chapters of the PMBH novel. Data collection techniques using reading and note techniques. The data validity technique of this research is triangulation. The steps in analyzing are: 1) reading the PMBH novel; 2) determine the research focus; 3) marking important parts; 4) sorting data; 5) describe forms of gender inequality and forms of women's resistance; and 6) make conclusions. The results of the analysis show that the forms of gender injustice experienced by the character Magi Diela as the main character and other female characters as subordinate figures are in the form of marginalization, stereotypes, violence, workload, and subordination. The forms of resistance carried out by the character Magi Diela as the main character and other female subordinate figures are in the form of 1) actions and 2) thoughts.    

People with disabilities often get low social stigma in the social environment. Persons with disabilities are often marginalized from the general public, this is because persons with disabilities are considered to lack abilities that are equal to non-disabled people. As people with disabilities, they also have the same rights as society in general, namely the right to get access to education, access to infrastructure and access to other public services that can be accessed easily. but on the other hand until now there are still many persons with disabilities who still do not get their rights. one of them is the right to get access to infrastructure such as road access, easy access to open facilities, this is caused by several factors, one of which is the design made on infrastructure that is less accessible for persons with disabilities. in this study aims to see how accessibility is fulfilled, especially in public facilities provided to persons with disabilities in the city of Jember. This research method uses descriptive qualitative using social construction theory. As for data collection in research through field observations and also interviews besides that it is also supported by literature studies. The results obtained in this study show that public facilities for blind persons with disabilities in the city of Jember are still not friendly for blind persons with disabilities to access.

The Financial Services Authority (OJK) as a regulator of the money management sector, especially the financial sector, must adequately equip its capabilities to properly implement and support financial management sector activities. economic growth. OJK has a position in managing Islamic banks. The description of Islamic commercial banks is very important because they are only marginal in accelerating the development of the financial economy, especially micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The Financial Authority carries out the functions, duties, authority to regulate and control activities in the financial sector in an integrated, independent and responsible manner, particularly in the world of banking. The problems of this research are: First, how independent is the Financial Services Authority in regulating and supervising banks? Second, what is the role of the Financial Services Authority in regulating and supervising banks? Third, what is the role of the Financial Services Authority in consumer protection and consumer investigations? The type of research method is normative law and the type of research is descriptive. In conclusion: First, other parties do not interfere with the independence of OJK in its regulation and are found to be inseparable from government interference. Such deals can lead to government intervention. Second, the role of OJK in regulating and supervising banks related to the regulation and supervision of micro stability is very broad. Third, OJK's role in consumer protection is to inform and educate the public about the good quality of the financial sector, its services and products. Stop if it can harm consumers. It is recommended: First, in addition to regulating the independence of the OJK, there must also be freedom from state intervention, so that the government cannot intervene. Second, that the OJK really places the interests of the national economy and not the interests of entrepreneurs as the center of its regulatory task. Third, clarify the provisions that make it easier for the OJK to handle consumer complaints, so that there is no prejudice as if the OJK is providing financial support to consumers.  

COVID-19 containment apps have raised a new hope in dealing with COVID-19 in various countries.  Automatic contact tracing capabilities combined with various other transmission prevention functions have yielded favorable outcomes in controlling outbreaks.  Although its nature seems promising, the use of this type of application also saves the potential for human rights violations.  The risk is related to the increasingly widespread functionality of the application, the restrictions of personal freedom, the potential breach of privacy, and the possibility of marginalizing people who cannot access the application.  This paper describes how this application works in general, how it can affect respect for human rights, and then analyzes incidents that have the potential to violate human rights related to the use of the application to further provide some potential solutions on how the application can still be utilized with a minimum threat to  individual rights.

The term history comes from Arabic, namely from the word syajaratun (pronounced syajarah), which means a tree of wood. The meaning of a wooden tree here is the existence of an event, development or growth of something (event) in a continuity (continuity). In another sense, history is not always defined by past (history is past actuality). Only in a general sense is the reality of the past. As for the social (social) itself can be interpreted with regard to interpersonal behavior, or related to social processes. But seen in social science, the word social refers to its object, namely society. When combined between history and social, it can be interpreted as the past reality of a society regarding behavior and all the processes that occurred in society. Social history is history that focuses attention on neglected, alienated, or marginalized people who are actors of social history. The roles of the community in an event in the past are the focus of the discussion of social history. This study aims to examine the social development of Indonesian society throughout history. Use a qualitative approach and include information from secondary data sources, previous research or existing knowledge of organizations and institutions. The data collection method used by the author in this article, the author uses the library method (path search). The library method is a method used to collect information from books and magazines. Where this social history is populist. Thus it is very different from conventional political history which is elitist in nature. It can be said that without social history, the existence of economic history will feel bland and shallow because social history provides the necessary link in economic history where the scope can cover the daily life of the inhabitants of an area in the past, which includes humans with different economic relationships. -different.

Organic fertilizers are materials derived from plant residues, and animal waste, both those that have undergone decomposition and those that are undergoing a decomposition process that functions to add nutrients. Substantially organic fertilizers are composed of humus and non-humus materials so that they can improve marginal soils and sand-dominated soils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various organic fertilizers on sand planting media, and to determine the growth response of pakcoy on various types of organic fertilizers. The research was conducted at the Field Laboratory I Experimental Garden and Agrotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, the research took place from September to November 2020. This study was arranged in a randomized group design (RAK) with the treatment of various organic fertilizers, which were divided into; no organic fertilizer/control (B0), cow manure (B1), chicken manure (B2), comba-sheep green manure (B3), calopogonium green manure (B4). Each treatment was repeated four times as a group, resulting in 20 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of six polybags, resulting in a total of 120 polybags of pakcoy plants. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants. The results showed that organic fertilizer had a very significant effect on all observed growth variables of pakcoy plants. Cow manure treatment in the first and second week plant height variables showed the highest value (5.04 cm, and 6.71 cm). But in general, in the third to fifth week, the average chicken manure gave the highest growth response on the variable of plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pakcoy plants.

Child marriage occurred long before the emergence of the Marriage Law number 1 of 1974 and its amendment, namely Law number 16 of 2019. The difference lies in the reason for the marriage itself. Long before the reason for underage marriages was a growing culture that women were considered sufficient to be at home, and to be the mother of the children they were born with. The strengthening patriarchal culture has an impact on the marginalization of women. The term women are kitchens, mattresses, legendary wells and perpetuate underage marriages. Issues that develop are different because child marriage now leads to promiscuity. The problem currently encountered is the increasing number of child marriages. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of local government in preventing child marriage, with the locus in Grobogan Regency. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the study show that the role of local government is not optimal. Prevention of child marriage is not as easy as solving other social problems. Family isolation, and scattered locations make it difficult for local governments to control child marriage. The role of stakeholders in preventing child marriage is not strong. Child marriage is considered a sensitive area that is not easy to touch.    

The song "Negri-Ngeri" by Marginal is a piece of music that contains a social message and criticism of injustice and difficult life in the country of Indonesia. The lyrics reflect the external reality faced by today's society and created this song based on the current state of society, so that the external reality can clarify the meaning contained in the lyrics. In the past, this song seemed exaggerated and underestimated for some people with the opinion "punk kids don't need government criticism because of their life on the streets and just nonsense" but in fact the song is relevant to the current situation. The band of this song dared to make lyrics that were frontal and offensive to the government, even though the marginal band whose musical background was punk and punk children was just nonsense because of their idealists who lived on the streets and were grumbled, but it turned out to be very relevant to the current situation. In this case, music becomes one of the effective media to convey messages to the general audience. The language used in the song is Indonesian, which is the official language of Indonesia. Marjinal made this song with the aim to voice their dissatisfaction with the state of the country and provide a reminder to the Indonesian people that change needs to be made. The song "Negri Ngeri" is one example of a musical work that can inspire and have a positive influence on society, especially for those who feel marginalized or underappreciated in the existing socio-political system. The result of this study is that we can understand the intention of marginal to make social criticism songs to convey the message so that social people know that there are injustices made by the ruler. The method used in this article is qualitative and describes the content of youtube content.

Globalization is a process of international integration that occurs due to the exchange of worldviews, products, thoughts, and other aspects of culture. Globalization has become a significant phenomenon in contemporary society and has had a great impact on the economy. One of the main impacts of globalization on the economy of contemporary societies and the acceleration of international trade. In addition, globalization has encouraged a freer flow of investment between countries. But the effects of globalization on the economy also pose challenges that need to be addressed. Increased global competition could threaten the survival of weaker sectors of the local economy. Local companies have to compete with multinationals that have greater resources, more advanced technology, and lower production costs. This can lead to a decline in local employment and difficulty for traditional sectors to survive. In addition, the effects of globalization also create greater economic inequality. Not all segments of contemporary society can access the same opportunities and benefits from globalization. Income inequality, social inequality, and economic inequality may increase, especially between groups connected to the global economy and groups. The impact of globalization on culture has also raised concerns about the loss of local cultural identity. Amid the influence of dominant global cultures, there is a risk that local traditions, languages and values become marginalized or forgotten.