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This article examines the evolution of the concept of femininity in East Asian makeup culture by tracing changes in style, function, and social meaning from traditional periods to the modern era. The study focuses on makeup practices in China, Japan, and Korea, which possess distinct cultural and historical backgrounds yet similarly demonstrate dynamic developments of femininity through visual expression. The research employs a literature review using a qualitative approach, complemented by an analysis of beauty trends emerging in each country. The findings indicate that facial makeup functions not merely as an aesthetic practice but also as a medium for representing personal identity, social status, gender roles, and prevailing cultural values within society. The transformation of makeup practices is influenced by various factors, including local traditional heritage, processes of modernization, changes in women’s roles, and globalization, which introduces new beauty standards. Nevertheless, traditional elements continue to be preserved and adapted, forming distinctive regional characteristics. Overall, this study emphasizes that the concept of femininity in East Asian makeup culture is dynamic and contextual, continually adapting to social change while remaining deeply rooted in longstanding cultural values.

In the development of technology like now Korean culture is quite dominating the market, not only the Indonesian market but the international market. Various kinds of products from South Korea dominate the world market ranging from fashion, makeup, skincare and culture. In its intelligence in managing exports to neighboring countries, South Korea has received international attention regarding its fall and rise in economic history, or it can be known as the “Asian Tiger”.  The method used in this research is a descriptive research method that describes, records and obtains information on the current situation. The phenomenon that exists today occurs because of globalization. South Korea has intelligence in managing the economic sector so that it is able to join the World Economic Development Organization or known as the OECD. In this phenomenon that occurs, it is very good to be studied by the younger generation as an effort to prevent negative impacts that are very easy to occur in the next generation of Indonesia.

Fantasy eyelashes are eyelashes that are used to add an accent of beauty to fantasy eye makeup. Currently, fantasy eyelashes are rarely sold on the market, and most of them are relatively expensive with simple designs. The scarcity of fantasy eyelashes at relatively high prices has led the author to innovate by utilizing mother-in-law's tongue leaf fibers as the basic material for making fantasy eyelashes. The research aims to simplify the search for fantasy eyelashes needed by the public at an affordable price while using natural materials that minimize the risk of irritation, thereby presenting an entrepreneurial opportunity. The natural material used is the mother-in-law's tongue plant. This plant is an environmentally friendly ornamental plant that is easily found in the author's surroundings, highly beneficial for health as it filters toxins and air pollution, and has high economic value. This research employs observation, literature review, experimentation, documentation, and questionnaires. The author uses descriptive qualitative analysis, presenting research results in narrative form using words and sentences. The author offers a price of Rp. 35,000 per pair, which is competitive with market prices for fantasy eyelashes. Product validation was conducted through sensory testing with three expert validators, covering aspects such as texture, shape, neatness, and a rating of 15 in the “very suitable” category. The level of preference was assessed through a preference test with 60 respondents, covering statements 1 to 8, with results ranging from 241 to 300 indicating “very liked.” This study concludes that fantasy eyelashes made from mother-in-law's tongue leaves can compete and are favored by makeup artists and practitioners. 

This research is motivated by the importance of marketing communication strategies for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in building brand image amid the increasingly competitive beauty industry. MSMEs are required to optimize various communication channels effectively to remain competitive and attract consumers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of marketing communication strategies carried out by Naza Makeup, an MSME in Bogor City, and to evaluate their effectiveness in strengthening brand image. This study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method, in which data were obtained through an exploration of scientific journals, books, and other relevant academic sources published within the last five years. The findings show that Naza Makeup has attempted to utilize social media, particularly Instagram, as its primary promotional tool, while also relying on word-of-mouth to expand its consumer reach. However, the implementation of these marketing communication strategies has not been fully integrated with the principles of integrated marketing communications. Gaps between theory and practice remain evident, especially in terms of message consistency, market research, and strategic collaboration. These shortcomings limit the effectiveness of communication in strengthening brand image. The results emphasize the need for a more structured, sustainable, and data-driven communication strategy to build a strong and competitive brand image. Furthermore, developing collaborations with influencers, communities, and other industry players is strongly recommended to enhance competitiveness. Therefore, this study provides practical contributions for MSMEs, particularly in the beauty sector, in designing effective marketing communication strategies that support long-term sustainability.

Tempoyak is a traditional fermented paste made from durian in Indonesia, favored by the Malay ethnic group. While tempoyak holds a unique and significant place in Indonesia's rich culinary diversity, there is a notable gap in research about it compared to other fermented foods such as kimchi. More investigation is essential to grasp the microbial composition, interactions, and possible health advantages of tempoyak, which may offer benefits like boosting the immune system, reducing cholesterol levels, exhibiting probiotic qualities, preservation, and possessing antibacterial effects. Researchers could also discover vital insights regarding the history, cultural significance, production methods, microbiological issues, nutritional aspects, and future prospects of local foods like tempoyak. This research intends to examine and study tempoyak as a traditional fermented food through comprehensive literature review and data from earlier investigations. Tempoyak has a strong connection to Malay cultural identity, regardless of its production location. As a key element of the daily practices of the Malay people in Indonesia, tempoyak is typically featured at cultural events, weddings, or large gatherings. This cultural importance sets Indonesian tempoyak apart from its Malaysian counterpart. The process of making tempoyak involves mashing the durian flesh, mixing in salt, and letting the combined mixture ferment in a sealed container at room temperature for 4 to 7 days. The microbial population in tempoyak can differ but mainly includes Lactobacillus species, particularly Lactobacillus plantarum. Proximate analysis is an effective approach to evaluate the nutritional makeup of tempoyak. Differences in nutrient levels may arise from the various types of durian, salt elements, sterilization periods, temperatures, and length of fermentation. Potential research opportunities could explore tempoyak’s role in fostering sustainable food practices, additional health benefits from its consumption, and the development of innovative products based on tempoyak. The aim of this study will enhance the field and aid in safeguarding and promoting the culinary heritage of the Malay community.

Ledhek Mbarang is a form of folk art typical of Blora Regency which still survives and develops amidst the currents of modernization and social change. This art is characterized by performances that are performed by moving from house to house, resembling the concept of traveling buskers, but with a strong content of dance, music, and local traditions. This study aims to describe in depth the form of Ledhek Mbarang performance in Dologan Village, Japah District, Blora Regency, including its supporting elements, the performance process, and the challenges faced in its preservation. The research method used is a qualitative method with an ethnochoreological approach, which combines ethnographic studies with dance art analysis. Data were collected through direct observation of the performance, visual documentation, and in-depth interviews with artists, audiences, and local community leaders. The research results show that the Ledhek Mbarang performance comprises several key elements: sound design involving gamelan as musical accompaniment, performers consisting of dancers and gamelan musicians, communicative and interactive dance movements, makeup and costume that reflect traditional identity, and the use of specific props to enhance the performance's expressiveness. The performance typically begins with the beating of drums or jedor (a traditional drum) on the roadside to signal the beginning of Ledhek Mbarang. 

This research examines the aesthetics of the Kerincingan Dance performance at Sanggar Elsando Kelurahan Mintaragen, Kecamatan Tegal Timur, Kota Tegal. Tari Kerincingan is a popular creative dance created in 2014, depicting cheerfulness and agility in its group movement composition. The research problem is how the aesthetics of Tari Kerincingan manifest at Sanggar Elsando Kota Tegal, with the aim of describing and analyzing its performance aesthetics. This study employs a qualitative method with an aesthetic-choreographic approach. Data collection techniques include direct observation of the studio's condition, rehearsal processes, and dance performances, structured and unstructured interviews with the dance creator, as well as documentation in the form of images, video, and sound recordings. Data validity was tested through triangulation of sources, methods, and theories. Data were analyzed systematically through data reduction based on the classification of main and supporting dance elements, dance movement techniques, and dance aesthetics; data presentation with descriptive information on dance aesthetics complemented by photographs; and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the aesthetics of Tari Kerincingan are evident in its form, which includes cheerful, agile, energetic, and dynamic movements. Its content portrays the cheerfulness and agility of teenage girls as entertainment, with a message of spirit reinforced by the sound of kerincingan. Its presentation includes corrective makeup, gold-themed costumes, Javanese gamelan accompaniment and the kerincingan itself, along with other suitable performance elements. This aesthetic quality is further enhanced by the harmony among these three aspects, creating unity, dominance, and balance.

The Korean drama True Beauty portrays a vivid reflection of the social reality where beauty standards significantly influence how women are treated in society. This study investigates how these standards lead to discrimination against individuals who do not align with socially constructed ideals of appearance. Specifically, it focuses on the representation of such discrimination in the character of Im Ju Kyung, a high school student who is constantly judged for her natural look. Utilizing a qualitative approach with Roland Barthes' semiotic theory, this research deciphers three levels of meaning—denotative, connotative, and mythological—embedded within selected scenes from episodes 1 and 3. The findings indicate that Ju Kyung encounters six distinct forms of appearance-based discrimination: verbal bullying, physical bullying, non-verbal bullying (such as gestures or facial expressions), social exclusion, beauty privilege (where attractive individuals receive favorable treatment), and internalized social pressure to conform. Each discriminatory act is not only rooted in visual representations but also carries deeper ideological implications—suggesting that physical beauty is a prerequisite for social acceptance and personal value. Although True Beauty critiques the culture of appearance-based discrimination, it simultaneously perpetuates the myth that transformation through makeup or cosmetic procedures is a viable solution to gain acceptance. This duality reflects the complex role of media as both a mirror of societal norms and a tool that reinforces dominant ideologies. In doing so, the drama raises critical questions about the ethical responsibilities of popular culture in shaping perceptions of gender, identity, and worth based on physical appearance. Through this analysis, the study contributes to discussions on media literacy and body politics in contemporary Korean pop culture.

The development of fantasy makeup ideas is often used as a channel of expression in the growing field of makeup, as well as taking ideas from various sources that are often known as adaptations. The purpose of this study is to overcome the saturation of society towards conventional makeup and develop an understanding of the adaptation of fantasy makeup with mixed media-based tree theme. The method used in this study is the method of research and Development (Research and Development or R&D) with ADDIE development model. Based on the calculation results, it can be concluded that the color and visual composition, conformity with the theme and character, creativity and innovation, application techniques and neatness, visual impact and structure and composition have very good qualifications with a 93% achievement rate. Overall the final result of the product has a high aesthetic value and can be used as a reference in the field of makeup, especially fantasy makeup.

Solo Putri bridal makeup is a type of traditional makeup that requires precision, patience, and high technical skills. The level of student interest in learning reflects the extent of their interest and seriousness in understanding a learning material. This study aims to examine the influence of learning interest on the results of Solo Putri bridal makeup practice among students in the AKS Ibu Kartini Semarang Makeup Design Program, using a quantitative approach through simple linear regression. The research subjects consisted of 30 students, and the instruments used included a learning interest questionnaire and a practice results assessment sheet. Data were analyzed using normality, linearity, and simple linear regression tests. The analysis results showed a positive and significant correlation between learning interest and students' practical results. The correlation coefficient (R) value of 0.794 and the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.630 indicate that learning interest has a significant contribution to the success of bridal makeup practice. The higher the learning interest of students, the higher the quality of practice results achieved. Therefore, learning interest is an important aspect that requires attention in practical learning. Effective learning strategies such as contextual approaches, project-based learning, and the provision of adequate practical facilities need to be implemented.

The video feature Berdaya, Berkarya, Bermakna bagi Disabilitas aims to highlight the potential and creative works of children with disabilities at the Our Dream Indonesia Foundation through a mise-en-scène approach that enhances both visual and emotional narratives. This writing is motivated by the urgency of promoting the economic and social empowerment of persons with disabilities and the need to challenge prevailing stigmas through mass media. The 11-minute video feature integrates cinematography, set design, costume and makeup, and lighting to construct an engaging and informative storytelling experience. The objective of this study is to explain the production process of creating a visual work using mise-en-scène elements, which includes three key stages: pre-production (research, field observation, storyline development, storyboard creation, and technical preparation), production (filming using cinematographic techniques), and post-production (editing and visual refinement). The findings indicate that the comprehensive application of mise-en-scène successfully reinforces the message of inclusivity. For example, the use of cinematographic techniques contributes to the visual aesthetics; the set design of Toko Amis Budi shows the works of children with disabilities; the makeup and costume choices reflect the personalities of the featured subjects; and the lighting enhances the emotional tone of each scene. In conclusion, this work affirms that mise-en-scène not only enriches the visual appeal but also deepens the emotional impact, transforming facts into inspiring stories and raising public awareness of the importance of expressive spaces for individuals with disabilities. This video serves as an effective medium to advocate for equal rights and the recognition of the abilities of persons with disabilities.

Professional appearance is a very crucial aspect for an educator, especially in the context of vocational education such as State Vocational High Schools (SMKN), where educators act as role models for students. One element that can support professional appearance is knowledge in the field of make-up. The use of appropriate make-up not only reflects the level of professionalism, but can also increase self-confidence and reflect a good work ethic. This study aims to analyze the relationship between make-up knowledge and the professional appearance of educators at SMKN Padang City. The research method used is quantitative with a correlational approach. The sample in this study amounted to 53 female teachers from SMKN 06 and SMKN 07 Padang City who were selected using the proportional stratified random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and questionnaires, then analyzed using a correlation test. The results of the study showed that there was a significant correlation between the level of make-up knowledge and the professional appearance of teachers. Educators who have good insight in the field of make-up generally show a more well-groomed appearance, are full of confidence, and reflect professional standards in the educational environment. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that increasing knowledge about make-up makes a positive contribution to the formation of a professional image of teachers in the SMKN environment.

This study aims to improve students' understanding and skills in the makeup and costume of the Gambyong Pareanom dance through the application of the modelling method assisted by audio-visual media. The research subjects were 35 students of class X SP 5 at SMK Negeri 8 Surakarta for the 2024/2025 academic year. The research was conducted in three cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The learning method involved the use of videos, live demonstrations, group discussions, and independent practice. The results showed significant improvement in each cycle. In the pre-action stage, only 40% of students felt helped by the method and 68% lacked self-confidence. In Cycle I, 55% felt helped and 60% began to show better understanding. In Cycle II, with more interactive media, 72% of students felt helped and 68% reached the minimum passing grade (KKM). In Cycle III, 88% of students found the method very effective, 85% achieved the KKM, and 83% showed improved confidence. These findings prove that the modelling method using audio-visual media is effective in enhancing conceptual understanding, technical skills, and student confidence. The study recommends broader application of this method in vocational school skill-based learning to create a more engaging, contextual, and relevant learning experience aligned with workforce demands and cultural preservation.

This research is motivated because self-confidence in using skincare products recommended by celebrity endorsers is also an important factor in purchasing decisions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of celebrity endorser Tasya Farasya and Instagram social commerce on the purchase decision of the Originote skincare moisturizer on female students of the FPP UNP Makeup and Beauty Education Study Program. This type of research is Ex post Facto with a quantitative research method approach. The population of this study were female students of the 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023 Makeup and Beauty Education Study Program, namely 365 people. The type of sampling used in this study was non-probability with a purposive sampling technique with a total of 78 people. Data were collected through observation methods and research questionnaires. The preparation of the instrument was carried out by sorting the Likert scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, normality tests and hypothesis tests. The results of the study obtained 1) Instagram social commerce partially has a significant effect on Moisturizer Purchase Interest in Female Students of the FPP UNP Makeup and Beauty Study Program. 2) Celebrity endorser Tasya Farasya partially has a significant effect on the Moisturizer Purchase Interest of Female Students of the Makeup and Beauty Study Program, FPP UNP. 3) Celebrity Endorser Tasya Farasya and Social Commerce Instagram simultaneously influence the purchase decision of the Originote skincare moisturizer for female students of the Makeup and Beauty Education Study Program, FPP UNP. Suggestions to increase insight into the material in the lesson for students, in increasing knowledge and information about the influence of celebrity endorser Tasya Farasya Instagram social media on the purchase decision of the Originote skincare moisturizer for female students of the Makeup and Beauty Education Study Program, FPP UNP.

Using organic fertilizer can increase soil fertility, which is crucial for plant growth. Another organic material source that may be utilized as fertilizer is water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). The chemical makeup of water hyacinth was examined in this study, and the results indicated that its organic matter content was 78.47%, its organic carbon content was 21.23%, its total nitrogen content was 0.28%, its total phosphorus content was 0.0011%, and its total potassium content was 0.016%. It has been demonstrated that applying water hyacinth-based liquid organic fertilizer to corn (Zea mays) plants actually affects crop output. Utilizing water hyacinth not only improves soil fertility but also lessens pollutants in the environment caused by overgrowth in waterways. Water hyacinth can therefore be utilized as a sustainable and eco-friendly organic fertilizer option.

Research aims to explore the perceptions of women aged 21-38 years old on self-confidence, feelings of insecurity, and self-love through an online survey conducted using Google Forms. The survey results show that 98.4% of respondents experience feelings of insecurity, while 75.8% show interest in attending self-development activities such as beauty classes to enhance self-confidence, and 91.3% show interest in makeup. Interviews were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the beauty class activities conducted by OMG Beauty in Cirebon, which focus on developing makeup skills and using beauty products, but the interviews also revealed that these activities do not fully reflect OMG Beauty's brand image, which promotes the message "confidence and optimism". Therefore, the researcher proposes a social campaign with the theme "Embracing Your Beauty: A Journey of Self-love" to increase awareness of the importance of nurturing self-confidence and addressing feelings of insecurity among participants. The campaign is designed using the Design Thinking method, which includes the stages of Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test, to create an effective solution for increasing participation and public perception of beauty classes.

Makeup brushes are essential to help apply makeup. One of the commonly used brushes is the eyeshadow blending brush. Makeup brushes predominantly use synthetic base materials, but human hair can be an alternative replacement. This study aims to determine the manufacturing process, validation of product feasibility, and the level of public favourability. The process of making blending brush eyeshadow consists of the preparation stage of tools, materials, and manufacturing steps. In this study, researchers used observation, literature, experimentation, documentation, and questionnaire methods. The results of the feasibility test based on the three expert validators, validator 1 gave a score of 10 on product 1 and product 2 which means feasible, validator 2 gave a score of 12 on product 1 which means feasible and product 2 gave a score of 8 which means quite feasible, validator 3 gave a score of 12 on product 1 which means feasible and product 2 gave a score of 11 which means feasible, so it can be concluded that human hair can be used in making blending brush eyeshadow. Trials are needed to improve the texture of the hair so that it is smoother and does not hurt when used.