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This research explores the utilization of virtual reality (VR) in educational settings and examines current trends, future directions, benefits, and challenges associated with its implementation. The purpose of this library research is to provide an overview of the existing literature on VR and educational research, highlighting the potential of VR technology to enhance traditional teaching methods and improve student engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. The method used for this research is a comprehensive review and analysis of relevant scholarly articles, books, and reports from academic databases and libraries. The results indicate that VR has been utilized in educational research to create immersive and interactive learning experiences, personalize instruction, bridge the gap between abstract concepts and concrete understanding, and foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills. VR also presents challenges such as cost, accessibility, curriculum integration, teacher training, technical limitations, health and safety concerns, privacy, and ethics. However, the research concludes that with careful planning, adequate resources, and proper support, VR has the potential to revolutionize education and prepare students for a technologically advanced future. Further research and innovation in areas such as immersion, AI integration, collaboration, assessment, accessibility, and ethics are recommended to fully leverage the benefits of VR in educational settings.

. Based on the results of observations, learning subjects Basic Knowledge of Mechanical Engineering in Vocational High Schools showed low learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to improve student learning outcomes by using audio-visual media in the student facilitator and explaining learning model. This research is a class action research consisting of two cycles, each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection activities. The research subjects were 35 male students in class X Machining at SMK Negeri 1 Cibeber for the 2020/2021 academic year. Based on the results of the written test conducted at the end of cycle I, an average value of 69.92 was obtained with 72% classical completeness. Implementation of improvements in cycle II increased student learning outcomes, with an average score of 78.30 and 76.92% classical completeness.    

ABSTRACT The use of mobile devices with the Android operating system which are used as supporting media and supplements in improving learning outcomes combined with demonstration methods and discovery learning or demon-disco learning is needed to help students improve learning outcomes in hydroponic plant cultivation vocational competency subjects at SMK. Kristen Terang Bangsa, because the use of android-based applications can provide new experiences regarding the use of information and communication technology, as well as provide opportunities for students to be able to learn more independently. The concept chosen as a learning medium is to present material about understanding, introduction to parts, types, and quizzes containing questions about hydroponic cultivation of plants. This research uses the Research and Development (RnD) product development method, using 6 out of 10 research stages, namely potentials and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design improvement, product testing. The result of this research is to produce learning media in the form of android-based applications. The validity value of the media expert is 2.6 which is declared feasible, while the validity value of the material expert is 3.6 which is declared feasible, and is able to increase the average value in the hydroponic plant cultivation vocational competency subject at the Terang Bangsa Christian Vocational School which Initially 67 (with 13 students who had not reached the KKM) to 80 (with 4 students who had not reached the KKM).