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Science education in elementary schools requires the active involvement of students through meaningful learning experiences. One of the essential subjects in fourth grade elementary school is the growth and development of animals and plants. However, science education is still often conducted conventionally, so that students' scientific process skills have not developed optimally. This study aims to analyze and describe the application of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model in science learning projects on the growth and development of animals and plants with the support of Seesaw and Flashcard Quizlet digital media through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The research method used SLR with a descriptive qualitative approach to relevant scientific articles published between 2019 and 2025. The results of the study show that the application of PjBL can increase student learning activity, scientific process skills, and understanding of science concepts. The use of Seesaw was effective as a medium for project documentation and reflection, while Flashcard Quizlet helped reinforce concepts and formative evaluation. Thus, the integration of PjBL, Seesaw, and Quizlet can be an innovative learning alternative that is relevant to the Merdeka Curriculum and the needs of elementary school students.

The increasing use of Learning Management Systems (LMS) in higher education generates large amounts of student activity data that have the potential to provide deeper insights into learning processes. However, in practice, these data are still rarely analyzed systematically to understand variations in students’ learning activity patterns, limiting their practical use in supporting teaching and learning. This study aims to explore students’ learning activity patterns in an LMS using a clustering approach based on activity data.This research utilizes the publicly available Open University Learning Analytics Dataset (OULAD), focusing on a single course and a single academic term. LMS activity data were processed through data cleaning and feature extraction, followed by student clustering using the K-Means algorithm. The quality of the clustering results was evaluated using the Silhouette Score, and visual analysis was applied to support the interpretation of the results.The results indicate that students’ learning activities can be grouped into two main patterns, namely a group of students with high learning activity and a group with lower or moderate activity levels. These findings highlight the existence of heterogeneous learning behaviors among students, even within the same learning context.The identified learning activity patterns provide an initial foundation for utilizing LMS data to monitor student engagement and to support the development of more responsive, data-driven learning approaches in higher education.

This research is motivated by the low level of discipline among elementary school students, characterized by non-compliance with rules, tardiness, and other negative behaviors, thus requiring the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) as a strategic solution. This research aims to examine the role of PPKn learning in shaping the discipline of elementary school students through a library research approach. This research method uses a systematic and comprehensive library research method to assess the contribution of PPKn learning in forming the discipline of elementary school students (SD). The main focus is on national scientific sources in Indonesian and English languages from the period 2020-2025, with the aim of identifying patterns and strategies of PPKn learning towards improving student discipline in SD. The study results show that PPKn learning is effective in internalizing discipline values through habituation, teacher exemplification, continuous evaluation, and the use of innovative learning media such as educational videos. The involvement of teachers, schools, and parents is an important factor in supporting the formation of student discipline character, with strategies such as family collaboration and group supervision to overcome external challenges. This research provides a theoretical contribution as a basis for developing applicable PPKn learning strategies to form a disciplined generation in elementary schools. The implications of this study indicate that PPKn learning has a strategic role in shaping the discipline of elementary school students, thus requiring synergy between teachers, schools, and parents to optimize the internalization of character values in every learning activity.

This study aims to develop interactive PowerPoint-based audio-visual learning media for Grade X Economics and to test its feasibility and effectiveness in improving student activity and learning outcomes. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects consisted of students in grades X6 and X7 at SMA N 1 Ngluar and SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Muntilan. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and learning outcome tests. The feasibility test results showed that the interactive PowerPoint media was considered very feasible to use, with an average score of 4.6 from subject matter experts, 4.8 from media experts, 4.45 from teachers, and 4.5 from students. The effectiveness test showed N-Gain Scores for activity and learning outcomes of 0.42 and 0.58, respectively, at SMA N 1 Ngluar and 0.44 and 0.55 at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Muntilan. Thus, interactive PowerPoint media is effective in increasing student activity and learning outcomes in economics learning.

Science learning in elementary schools plays a vital role in fostering scientific thinking, curiosity, and critical thinking skills from an early age. However, classroom practices are still dominated by conventional methods that make students passive and less motivated, which affects their understanding of abstract concepts such as the states of matter and their changes. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of using Canva as an interactive learning medium to enhance the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary school students on the topic of states of matter and their changes. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method through literature review and theoretical experimentation. The study involved reviewing various scientific sources and conducting a simulated Canva-based learning activity that visualized changes in the states of matter through images, animations, and simple classroom experiments. The findings reveal that using Canva encourages active student participation, clarifies abstract science concepts, and creates an engaging learning experience. Canva has proven to be an effective and innovative medium that supports the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, emphasizing creativity, collaboration, and independent learning.

This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles. The subjects were 24 students of class XII TM 2 of the Mechanical Engineering Expertise Program at Semen Padang Vocational School in the odd semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. Data collection was carried out through learning activity observation sheets, practical assessment sheets, and multiple-choice tests to measure students' cognitive learning outcomes. The implementation of Creative Products and Entrepreneurship learning at Semen Padang Vocational School was previously teacher-centered. Students tended to be passive listeners during the learning process, which led to low participation, minimal interaction, and a lack of understanding of the material. As a result, most students were unable to achieve the Minimum Completion Standards (SKM). Based on this, the Jigsaw Cooperative learning model is considered suitable for application in Creative Products and Entrepreneurship learning, because it is able to create a student-centered learning atmosphere and encourage active involvement and cooperation between students. The results of the study prove that the application of the Jigsaw Cooperative learning model is effective in improving student learning outcomes. This is based on the average student learning outcomes in cycle 1 of 75.2, where 17 students were declared complete. In cycle II, the average student learning outcomes were 85.2 with 21 students declared complete. The significant improvement in cycle II indicates that the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning model is not only effective in improving cognitive learning outcomes but also able to improve the quality of interactions between students in the learning process. Students become more active in discussions, disseminating information, and are responsible for understanding the material they are learning and sharing with their groups.

The purpose of this study is to examine how deep learning influences students’ mathematical critical thinking skills. In mastering mathematics—which requires reasoning, analysis, and systematic review—critical thinking is essential to address the challenges of the 21st century. This research employs a quasi-experimental design using a pretest-posttest control group model. The subjects of the study were eighth-grade junior high school students, divided into an experimental group and a control group. The main instruments used were a mathematical critical thinking skills test and a learning activity observation sheet. The findings indicate that students who participated in instruction based on a deep learning approach showed a significant improvement in critical thinking skills compared to those who received conventional instruction. Unlike students who underwent standard learning methods, those exposed to deep learning strategies experienced a notable enhancement in their critical thinking abilities. Based on these findings, the implementation of deep learning is recommended more broadly in mathematics classroom instruction.

Improving students' Biology learning outcomes is a major challenge in the learning process in high school, especially when the material taught is abstract and complex, such as the human digestive system. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Problem-Based learning model assisted by mind mapping in improving the learning outcomes and activities of grade XI students of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. This research is a Classroom Action Research conducted in two cycles, each consisting of two meetings. Each cycle involves planning, action execution, observation, and reflection activities, with data collection through observation, testing, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in learning activities and student learning outcomes. The average learning activity increased from 54.6% in the first cycle to 81% in the second cycle, while the percentage of completeness of learning outcomes increased from 59% to 88%. This increase is influenced by the active involvement of students in group discussions, visualisation of concepts through mind mapping, and the role of teachers as facilitators in problem-based learning. These findings indicate that the integration of the Problem-Based model with mind mapping is effective in building critical thinking skills, improving concept understanding, and encouraging active student participation. The implications of this study show the importance of implementing innovative learning strategies to improve the quality of Biology learning in secondary schools.

English language learning in vocational schools aims to provide students with language skills that can maximally support the competence of the specific field of expertise that students have. However, English teaching in many vocational schools, such as the Bali Medika Health Vocational School, is not designed as English for Specific Purposes (ESP), thus found to be insufficient to equip students to communicate using English in their target career. In addition, the teachers at this school revealed that it is difficult to find the kind of activities that can be organized to make learning English interesting and to choose material that is suitable to the needs of students as a future nurse assistant. Therefore, an innovative learning activity is needed to assist teachers in delivering teaching material that is suitable and relevant to the student’s target career. Learning through games such as word grouping and whispering was organized in the class to teach students the specialized nursing vocabulary. At the evaluation, students reported that learning nursing vocabulary through word-grouping and whispering activities was fun, and they could understand the material well. The learning activities helped them enrich their nursing vocabularies and they were very satisfied with the English learning in this program. Keywords: ESP, games, nursing vocabulary, word-grouping, whispering.

This research is a research and development (Research and Development) that aims to develop an e-module oriented to Problem Based Learning (PBL) on the reaction rate material that is practically used in the learning process. The development model used is the 4D model consisting of four stages, namely Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. However, this study is limited to the Develop stage, which was tested on a limited basis at SMA Assa'adah Gresik. Data were obtained through student response questionnaires and learning activity observation sheets. The results of the analysis show that the e-module developed is classified as very practical. This is indicated by the results of the student response questionnaire which obtained a percentage of 96% with a very practical category, and is supported by the results of observations of student activities which also reached a percentage of 96% in the same category. Thus, this e-module is worthy of being used as an alternative effective and interactive learning media on the reaction rate material.

This study aims to improve the skills of third-grade elementary school students in learning the concept of measuring length and weight through the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model. The research method used is classroom action research (CAR) based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which involves four stages: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The study was conducted with 24 students from class III B at UPT SDN Latsari Tuban. Data collection techniques included observation, tests, and interviews. The research results show that the implementation of the TGT learning model can enhance students' understanding of the concepts of length and weight measurement. In addition, there was an increase in students' learning activity and motivation during mathematics lessons. Students became more enthusiastic, cooperative, and engaged in group activities, which contributed to better mastery of the material. Based on these findings, the TGT learning model is proven to be effective in improving mathematics learning outcomes, especially in the topic of Length and Weight Measurement for third-grade elementary school students.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving rewards and punishments on the learning activity of fifth grade students in elementary schools. This study used a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design research type. The design used in this study was intact group comparison, this research design involved two classes with a total of 56 students. Among them are class V A as an experimental class, namely a class that was given the treatment of giving rewards and punishments during the learning process and class V B as a control class, namely a class that was not given the treatment of giving rewards and punishments during the learning process. The data collection technique in this study was using an observation sheet for student learning activity. While the data analysis technique used was a prerequisite test and a hypothesis test. The prerequisite test used in this study was a normality test and a homogeneity test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results of the hypothesis proof using the T Test obtained a result of 0.000 with a significance level of α = 0.05, so it can be concluded that 0.000 > 0.05 so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that there is an influence of the use of rewards and punishments on the learning activity of fifth grade students at SD Negeri 28 Gresik.    

This literature study examines the effect of learning activeness on learning outcomes in various Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Indonesia. In order for student learning outcomes to improve, teachers need to have the ability to develop student learning activeness in every learning process. Efforts to generate student learning activeness are needed so that the implementation of learning activities can run effectively. This study uses a literature review approach by analyzing various related scientific sources. The results showed that student learning activeness affects the improvement of student learning outcomes. Learning activeness has an important role because it can encourage self-confidence and improve student learning outcomes.

Increasing student learning activity needs to use a learning model. In a lesson there are methods that are used systematically which become a unified procedure in the delivery of learning material so that the learning objectives are achieved. This study aims to determine the application of science process skills in science subjects to the activeness of students at MTs Muhammadiyah Parumaan. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. This descriptive research method is used because it relates to the topics and problems that will be discussed, namely the application of science process skills in science subjects to the activeness of students at MTs Muhammadiyah Parumaan. The learning activity of VII B students at MTs Muhammadiyah Parumaan was based on the results of the supervision of the school principal when the teacher taught classes using conventional methods, not all students had active learning during the learning process. Researchers apply learning with science process skills. The results showed that the application of process skills to class VII B students at MTs Muhammadiyah Parumaan experienced an increase from the low category to the medium category    

This study examines how PKBM Kedondong's Package C Equality Education Program empowers the community. Through the Package C equality education program at PKBM Kedondong, this study seeks to characterize the stages of awareness, knowledge transformation, and enrichment of community empowerment. This study is qualitative in nature. Package C students, package C teachers, and managers served as the research subjects. Observation, interviewing, and documentation research techniques were used to gather data. Data verification (conclusion), data display, and data reduction are the methods employed in data analysis. According to the research findings, there are three stages in the community empowerment process at PKBM Kedondong through the Package C Equality Education Program. The first stage is awareness, which has been well- socialized, as evidenced by the usage of word-of-mouth to disseminate knowledge. Second, the learning activity process that is part of the knowledge transformation stage consists of: Package C managers and tutors handle the planning stage, which includes creating a syllabus and a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP). During the in-person learning implementation stage, modules, e-books, YouTube, and the internet are used as media, and lectures, Q&A sessions, and discussions are the methods employed. At this point, the evaluation stage seeks to gauge the students' performance in the learning process of package C equivalency education. Thirdly, the effectiveness of the enrichment stage's implementation is demonstrated by the students' learning outcomes and the post-program coaching that is offered.

Learning videos are a medium or tool used in the educational process to convey information, concepts or learning materials to students using visual and audio elements. The purpose of this design is to create a teaching and learning activity that is fun and effective. Making this learning media uses Adobe Illustrator software as an asset maker, and Adobe After Effects to create the animation. This learning video design uses the ADDIE method. Then to collect data using a questionnaire with 6 question indicators, from the 6 question indicators the score was 90.9%, it can be concluded that this learning video can be said to be successful and capable of being an alternative in teaching and learning activities at Pertiwi Mundu Kindergarten, Klaten, Central Java. This learning video contains 10 names of fruit, 10 names of animals taken from the surrounding environment, this design aims to enable children to fish and know English in everyday life.    

Student satisfaction is an important issue because it will further influence the overall assessment of the university. Skills and skills factors, facilities/facilities factors, lecturer discipline factors, academic and non-academic service factors, learning activity factors, lecture suitability factors, campus access factors, campus security factors and finally the lecturer counseling factor, are factors that influence satisfaction. student. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of facilities, personnel services, academics and lecturer services on student satisfaction at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Yogyakarta State University. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all students at the economics and business faculty at Yogyakarta State University with a sample of 120 people. The sampling technique in this research was obtained using a simple side random method. The research results show that there is no influence of facilities on student satisfaction with a significant value of 0,112. There is an influence of academic services on student satisfaction with a significant value of 0,008. There is an influence of lecturer service on student satisfaction with a significant value of 0,000. There is an influence of facilities, academic services and lecturer services on student satisfaction at the economics and business faculty of Yogyakarta State University with a significant value of 0,000.

Learning achievement is every learning activity carried out by students which will result in a change in themselves. The learning outcomes obtained by students are measured based on differences in behavior before and after learning is carried out. The economic conditions of students' families at SMP Negeri 2 Binjai have a significant influence on student learning achievement. Many students who come from families with economically disadvantaged backgrounds face various challenges that hinder the learning process. Financial limitations often mean they do not have adequate access to educational resources, such as books, the internet, and additional tutoring which can help improve understanding of subject matter. This research uses the Apriori method as a problem solving method, namely to correlate between Family Socio-Economics, Activities Students Outside the School Environment and Level of Student Learning Motivation with Student Achievement in class. If data A, G, K → O with Support 30% and Confident 100% and S*C value 30%. So, if a student from a family with an income of less than Rp. 1,000,000 who take part in extracurricular activities outside of school, and have family-driven motivation, will have academic achievement with good report cards. This research indicates that family socio-economic conditions have a significant impact on student academic achievement. Through data analysis, it can be seen that factors such as family income, student activities outside the school environment and the level of student motivation to learn can influence the extent to which students can achieve higher academic achievement.

This study aims to describe the application of the Cooperative Learning Model Can Improve the Learning Outcomes of Class X Students of DKV SMK Teknologi Plus Padang. This type of research is classroom action research. This research was carried out in 2 cycles with the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation, literature studies, tests and documentation. The data was analyzed using a percentage formula.  The results of the study show that the Cooperative Learning learning model with teachers as a direct example can improve learning activities and student dance learning outcomes. The average percentage of student learning activities in the first cycle was 58.5% with the criteria of Not Good. After making improvements in the second cycle, the average student learning activity became 86% with good criteria. Students who were previously less enthusiastic and only silent when moving become active, students who are shy in making movements become confident, students who disturb other students and just play become serious or focused in doing the assigned tasks, students who help each other when experiencing difficulties when practicing with a group. The use of the Cooperative Learning learning model in dance learning in class X DKV also has an impact on the average student learning outcome score. The average score of completeness of student learning outcomes in cycle I was 37.5%. Because it has not reached the KKTP, which is 75, it was carried out again in the second cycle and managed to reach a score of 87.5%.    

This research is motivated by the importance of the teacher's role in determining and applying effective learning methods so that students can actively participate in Civics learning. The results showed that teachers who used the lecture method which was too dominant resulted in students being less actively involved in the learning process. As a result, this research offers the jigsaw cooperative learning method integrated with barcodes as a solution to increase student activeness. In this way, students will better understand the material, work together in groups, and teach others. The integration of barcodes makes learning easier for students, they can scan barcodes connected to various websites. According to the results of the study, the percentage of student learning activity increased significantly from 60.8% before the study, then increased in cycle I obtained 69.8% and again reached an increase of 80.4% in cycle II. Keywords: student activity, learning methods, use of technology