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This study aims to describe the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in teaching personal and official letter writing, and to examine its impact on improving the writing skills of Grade VII B students at SMP Negeri 2 Banjarmasin. The study is motivated by students’ difficulties in distinguishing the structure and language style of personal and official letters, as well as their low engagement in the learning process. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The instruments included writing tests (pre-test and post-test) and observation sheets to assess students’ activities and attitudes. The results indicate that PBL positively influences students' writing abilities. This is evidenced by a significant increase in the average post-test scores compared to the pre-test, along with improvements in critical thinking, collaboration, and independence. Students also demonstrated better understanding of the structural and linguistic features of both types of letters. Thus, the PBL model is recommended as an effective instructional strategy to enhance the quality of writing instruction, particularly within the framework of the Kurikulum Merdeka.

This study aims to analyze and identify the use of language styles in the song "Kuyamu to Kaite Mirai." Language style refers to the technique of utilizing the richness of language, both in written works and oral communication, to create deeper aesthetic and communicative effects. In song lyrics, the use of language style becomes a crucial element that can strengthen the meaning and artistic appeal of a literary work. This research employs Gorys Keraf's language style theory as the theoretical foundation for classifying and identifying language styles. The study utilizes a descriptive qualitative research method with primary data sources consisting of the lyrics of "Kuyamu to Kaite Mirai." The qualitative approach was chosen to enable in-depth analysis of figurative language usage within the song lyrics. The research findings reveal the presence of five types of language styles employed in the lyrics of "Kuyamu to Kaite Mirai." The identified language styles include asyndeton, assonance, erotesis, metaphor, and simile. Asyndeton was found in the use of word sequences without conjunctions to create dramatic effects. Assonance was identified through the repetition of vowel sounds that create sound harmony. The esoteric figurative language style emerges in the use of the particle の at the end of sentences, indicating that this verse constitutes an interrogative sentence. Metaphors and similes are employed to create comparisons that strengthen the song's emotional meaning. The utilization of language styles in the lyrics of "Kuyamu to Kaite Mirai" functions not merely as aesthetic ornamentation, but also as a means to convey messages and emotions more effectively to listeners. This research is expected to contribute to the understanding of language style usage in popular music works and serve as a reference for similar studies in the future.

This study investigates the comparative use of satire and sarcasm in the criminal comedy show Lapor Pak! episode “Pasukin Naik Gaji.” Satire and sarcasm are both rhetorical devices used to criticize social realities through humor, but differ in subtlety and sharpness. The aim of this research is to identify and analyze the forms and meanings of satirical and sarcastic expressions in the show’s dialogues. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method and applies stylistic theory and humor theory as the analytical framework. The data source is a 26-minute episode aired on the 7Comedy YouTube channel on January 8, 2025. From the linguistic data collected, 20 utterances were found: 15 contain sarcasm, 11 irony, and 9 satire (some overlapping). The findings show that sarcasm is used more dominantly than satire, often reflecting economic frustration, while satire criticizes social issues in a more humorous and indirect way. Both styles serve not only to entertain but also to reflect social resistance and expose systemic injustice, especially regarding economic inequality. The analysis concludes that humor becomes a linguistic tool of social commentary and coping mechanism for workers.

Osamu Dazai’s No Longer Human is one of the most devastating Japanese literature that portrays the inner turmoil of human beings in a very emotional way. The main character, Oba Yozo, is characterized by alienation, despair and identity crisis. This study is meant to identify the types of emotional expressions that appear in the original text and trace the translation techniques used in the two translated versions. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a comparative approach utilizing Molina & Albir’s translation technique theory and Nababan’s translation accuracy indicators. The analysis results show that Keene tends to use literal and amplification translation techniques to preserve the psychological depth of the characters, while Hanafi is more frequently employs modulation and reduction techniques with the aims of simplifying the language style. Some quotations also highlight differences in accuracy levels that impact the conveyance of emotions to readers. The conclusion of this study affirms that translation techniques not only influence sentence structure but also determine how readers interpret the internal conflicts of characters and the atmosphere of the story in the target text

This study aims to analyze the forms and functions of abbreviations in local news texts covering the “Pertamax Oplos” issue during the period of February to April 2025. The main focus is on two types of abbreviations initialisms and acronyms which are frequently used in local online media such as Jawa Pos Radar Solo, Detiknews, and AntaraNews. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, using observation and note-taking techniques to identify abbreviation forms in written texts. The findings reveal 20 abbreviation data points, consisting of 13 initialisms and 7 acronyms, consistently used in headlines, leads, and the body of the news. The use of abbreviations not only reflects linguistic efficiency in journalistic writing but also demonstrates how local media adapt to the demands of fast, concise, and easily comprehensible communication. These findings emphasize the significant role of abbreviations in shaping the language style of local media and highlight their importance in modern linguistic practices within digital contexts. This study is expected to contribute to applied linguistic research and support effective media writing practices.

The development of digital technology has brought a significant transformation in the method of delivering Islamic preaching, one of which is through TikTok social media. Habib Husein Ja'far Al-Hadar emerged as one of the young preachers who utilized this platform effectively with a unique and contextual approach. This study aims to analyze the content of the da'wah message delivered by Habib Husein Ja'far through the TikTok account @huseinjafar. This research focuses on two main problem formulations, namely how the content of the da'wah messages delivered and how the analysis of these messages in the context of da'wah communication. Through the qualitative content analysis method, it was found that Habib Husein Ja'far packaged his da'wah messages with a light approach, relevant to current trends, and used a communicative and inclusive language style. The messages contain moral, spiritual, and social values that are delivered in a brief but impactful manner, so as to attract attention and build closeness with the audience, especially the younger generation. The findings show that a social media-based da'wah strategy with an adaptive and communicative approach can increase the effectiveness of spreading Islamic values in a digital society.

This study aims to analyze the skills of understanding Arabic letters and reports at Madrasah Nurul Istifadah and identify factors that influence students' understanding, the learning methods used, and the effectiveness of the strategies applied. Understanding skills in this context include the ability to recognize text structure, analyze content, and interpret formal language styles. The study used a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study showed that group discussion strategies and repeated reading with gradual understanding proved effective in improving students' understanding of Arabic letters and reports. This strategy not only improves students' linguistic abilities, but also encourages cooperation, self-confidence, and critical thinking skills. This study is expected to contribute to the development of more contextual and effective Arabic language learning methods, especially in understanding formal texts.

This study aims to analyze the skills of understanding Arabic letters and reports at Madrasah Nurul Istifadah and identify factors that influence students' understanding, the learning methods used, and the effectiveness of the strategies applied. Understanding skills in this context include the ability to recognize text structure, analyze content, and interpret formal language styles. The study used a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study showed that group discussion strategies and repeated reading with gradual understanding proved effective in improving students' understanding of Arabic letters and reports. This strategy not only improves students' linguistic abilities, but also encourages cooperation, self-confidence, and critical thinking skills. This study is expected to contribute to the development of more contextual and effective Arabic language learning methods, especially in understanding formal texts.

This study is motivated by the development of literature that has shifted to the digital realm, including the short story "Sepotong Senja Untuk Pacarku" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma which was republished on the website www.medium.com. The purpose of this study is to analyze the language style and point of view in the short story. This short story has a distinctive storytelling style, with the use of figurative language and poetic diction as the main attraction. The method used is qualitative descriptive with a stylistic approach and literature study techniques. The results of the analysis show that the dominant language styles in this short story include metaphor, personification, hyperbole, simile, litotes, euphemism, and epistolary. These language styles strengthen emotional expression and deepen the meaning of the story. In addition, the first person singular point of view creates a personal and intimate effect, so that the reader feels directly involved in the narrative of the character "I". This short story also shows the power of imaginative visualization in the context of cyber literature which allows the reading experience to be more interactive and reflective. This study concludes that SSUP's short story successfully utilizes the power of style and point of view to convey messages of love, longing, and existence deeply in a distinctive digital format.

Tourism promotion plays a crucial role in attracting domestic and international tourists. One of the strategies used is digital advertising, which employs persuasive language styles. This study aims to analyze the use of language styles in the digital advertisements of the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism and how linguistic elements in these ads influence audience perception. The research method used is literature review and discourse analysis of several digital advertisements published between 2020 and 2023. The results show that digital advertisements from the Ministry of Tourism tend to use hyperbole, repetition, and metaphor to create emotional appeal. These findings can serve as a reference for developing more effective destination marketing communication strategies.

The novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye is one of the novels that has many readers in Indonesia. This study aims to describe the structure and educational values in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye. This research uses qualitative method. The data in this study are in the form of sentences in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye. The data source in this research is Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye. The result of this research shows that Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye has an intact structure as a novel. The structure includes theme, plot, characterisation, setting, language style, point of view, and mandate. Furthermore, the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye also contains educational values such as the value of loving the environment, honest value, empathy value, responsibility value, courage value, and critical thinking value. Thus, the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye can be used as an alternative teaching material in schools.

Hikayat Malem Diwa is one of the classic literary works in the Malay-Aceh tradition that is rich in language and cultural values. This story contains various language styles, especially euphemisms and dysphemisms, which reflect social norms, moral values, and conflict dynamics in Acehnese society. This study aims to identify and analyze the forms and functions of these two language styles, emphasizing their semantic and narrative roles. Using a semantic approach and qualitative descriptive methods, data were collected through quotations in the text with documentation techniques, then analyzed based on the context of meaning and use. The results show that euphemisms are often used to convey moral values ​​and politeness, especially in terms of death, respect, and violation of norms. In contrast, dysphemisms appear in the context of violence and character conflict, strengthening the tension and emotion of the story. Overall, the use of these language styles reflects the rhetorical strategies and cultural values ​​of the Acehnese people.

Poetry is a form of literary expression that contains physical and mental elements that are interrelated in building deeper and more complex meanings. The problem studied in this study is the identification and analysis of the physical and mental elements contained in the poems of Heri Isnaini, which are known for their imaginative power and emotional depth. This research aims to examine how these elements contribute to the formation of the meaning and aesthetics of poetry, as well as how these poems are able to provide an aesthetic experience to the reader through the choice of words and distinctive language styles. The method used in this study is a literature study, with an approach to literary text analysis to understand the elements that form poetry, both in terms of language and the message conveyed. The results of the study show that the physical elements in these poems include the use of diction rich in imagery, metaphorical and personified majas, and rhyme patterns that strengthen emotional and aesthetic nuances in each stanza. Meanwhile, the inner element depicts universal themes, such as longing, loneliness, love, and reflection of life, which are meaningfully expressed through the use of symbols and implied meanings in each line of the poem.

The development of digital technology has given birth to a new form of presentation of literary works, one of which is cyber literature. The short story “Sepotong Senja untuk Pacarku”by Seno Gumira Ajidarma, published on the medium.com site, is an example of how literary works are transformed in digital space, combining visual elements, interactivity, and hypertextuality. This study aims to analyze the short story “Sepotong Senja untuk Pacarku” by Seno Gumira Ajidarma through a structural approach. The method used is a qualitative method with a literature study technique. The results of the analysis show that this short story has a romance theme, uses a forward plot, first-person point of view, a poetic language style using various figures of speech, and a story message about love that encourages actions beyond logic. The main character is depicted as a romantic and unyielding figure. In addition, the presentation in digital media enriches the reader's experience through supporting images, comment features, and intertextual relationships with other short stories. This short story shows the typical characteristics of cyber literature, namely interactivity and intertextuality that allow for the expansion of meaning in the story.

The title of this article is "Analysis of diction and language style in Fiersa Besari's poem 'For you'". The problems discussed in this research are diction and language style in Fiersa Besari's poetry. The aim of this research is to describe the diction and language style in Fiersa Besari's poetry. The advantage of this research is that teachers and students can understand the vocabulary and language style of poetry, and teachers can choose poetry as school material in accordance with its pedagogical effects. This research is a descriptive research. Data sources were obtained from data and documents collected in the form of primary data in the form of the poem 'Fiersa Besari Untukmu' and secondary data in the form of supporting books suitable for this research. This data analysis was carried out in several stages. This means studying literature through reading, noting, and identifying lines of poetry that contain the diction and language style of the poetry. The data analysis method used is descriptive. Data analysis concludes that there are denotative and connotative meanings in the diction and language style of poetry.

This research aims to analyze the language style used in the song lyrics as a tool to convey messages of social criticism. The problem that will be raised in this research is to deeply examine the song lyrics to find implied meanings that can enrich our understanding of the work. In addition, we will also examine how the use of words, metaphors and sentence structure in this song and how the social and political context when the song was created influenced the choice of language style used. The method used is descriptive analytic with literature study technique. The object studied is the lyrics of the song “Where is Freedom” by the Rocket Flyer Group. The results of the analysis show that the lyrics of this song have a very effective language style in conveying messages. The use of metaphors and everyday language makes it easy for song lyrics to be remembered by various groups. This research has the potential to be a reference for future research.

This research aims to determine the types of language styles used by the main female character in the novel "Mariposa" by Luluk HF and to analyze the meaning and function of these language styles in building character characterization. The problem that will be raised in this research is the form and variations of language styles that appear in the dialogue and monologue of the main character, as well as the role of these language styles in revealing the psychological dimensions of the character. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method with a stylistic approach, where data is collected through reading and note-taking techniques for quotations that contain language styles in the novel. The results of the analysis show that there are five dominant language styles used by the main character, namely metaphor, hyperbole, personification, simile, and repetition. This language style functions to describe the character's feelings, strengthen the delivery of the message, and build an atmosphere in the story. This research has the potential to become a reference for the development of stylistic studies of contemporary Indonesian literature and can be used as learning material for stylistic analysis at the tertiary level as well as for similar research with a focus on other linguistic aspects.

This article aims to analyze the use of muqabalah as a language style in Surah Al-Mulk and its impact on conveying moral and spiritual messages in the Al-Qur'an. Using a qualitative approach, this research analyzes verses containing muqabalah and discusses various contrasts that arise, such as life and death, courage and fear, and luck and loss. The methodology used includes literature study, tafsir, and rhetorical analysis to explore how muqabalah enriches the meaning of the text and increases reader understanding. The results of this research show that there is Muqabalah Khilafi in verse 3, Muqabalah Naziri in verse 15, and Muqabalah Naqidhi in verses 20, 21, and 22. These findings confirm that the use of muqabalah in Surah Al-Mulk not only clarifies the meaning, but also has a psychological impact profound for readers. The contrasts displayed serve to increase moral awareness and spiritual responsibility, as well as provide relevance to these messages in modern life. The uniqueness of this research lies in its emphasis on how muqabalah can be applied in learning the Koran in the contemporary era, as well as providing suggestions for increasing spiritual awareness through creative and relevant approaches. Thus, it is hoped that this research can contribute to a better understanding and application of the teachings of the Qur'an among Muslims.

This study analyzes the use of language and communication styles in the Rintik Sedu podcast, especially in the episode “form there: Jodoh Emang Gak Kemana, Tapi di Mana”, In the digital era, podcast have become one of the most effective information media. Qualitative research methods are used to describe the diverse language styles and communication styles that are emotional and supportive. The results of the analysis show that the language style used tends to be simple and moderate, while the communication style used is expressive, supportive, and emotional. Thus, the language and communication styles in this podcast succeeded in creating a close relationship with the listeners.

This research contains a discussion of the use of language styles in the lyrics of the song by Nadin Amizah with the title "Rayuan Perempuan gila" and the meaning in the song lyrics. The aim of this research is to analyze the use of language styles and the meaning of language styles in the song "Rayuan perempuan gila". This research uses descriptive research and a qualitative approach which is guided by the theory of Gorys Keraf (2010). The song "Rayuan Perempuan Gila" was chosen as research material because the song's lyrics were written using a language style that was quite interesting and quite foreign to the ears of the wider community. However, this song by Nadin Amizah was well received by the wider community. The research was carried out using the literature study method, so that from this research it is hoped that results will be found in the form of discovering types of use of language style and meaning in the song entitled Mad Woman by Nadin Amizah. The results of this research are the discovery of language styles found in Nadin amizah is the eufimisme style of language, the simile style of language and the litotes style of language