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Physical violence against journalists remains a serious threat that hinders the functioning of democracy in Indonesia. Law Number 40 of 1999 concerning the Press explicitly guarantees legal protection for journalists through Articles 8 and 9, which emphasize freedom from censorship and the right to seek and disseminate information. However, criminal law enforcement against perpetrators of physical violence has not been optimal, leading to a culture of impunity. This study uses a normative juridical approach by analyzing the Press Law regulations, the provisions of the Criminal Code on assault (Articles 351-355), as well as the theoretical basis of Satjipto Rahardjo's preventive-repressive legal protection and Moeljatno's law enforcement principles. The results of the study indicate a significant gap between strong legal norms and weak enforcement practices,  characterized by the dominance of mediation by the Press Council and a culture of impunity for perpetrators, often involving state apparatus. According to AJI reports from 2020-2025, there have been 84 to 89 cases annually, with only 15-20% processed criminally. The main obstacles include a lack of coordination between institutions, minimal awareness of law enforcement officials, victims' reluctance to report due to social pressure and fear of reprisals, and institutional solidarity among perpetrators. This impunity not only traumatizes journalists but also induces self-censorship, reduces investigative journalism quality, and weakens democratic checks and balances. Recommendations include revising the Press Law for stricter sanctions, enhancing law enforcement training, and establishing independent investigation teams under Komnas HAM to combat impunity effectively. 

Brake discs are one of the motorcycle spare parts that function to connect and reduce speed when the motorbike is moving, although very simple, this spare part is part of the braking system and has a very important role, without braking it will endanger the driver and other road users. To determine the hardness of the motorcycle brake disc on two original brake discs and variation brake discs on the Yamaha Vision sport motorbike by conducting Rockwell hardness tests on the original and variation brake discs with 10 test variable points. The results obtained for the average value at the level of hardness on the original disc sample are 55.1 HRC and the average value on the variation disc sample is 44.6 HRC, and the conversion hardness value from the Rockwell test. For Brinell testing and tensile testing from the results of Rockwell hardness testing, the average Brinell and tensile test values ​​were converted from the test site with the average Brinell conversion results for the original disc being 575 HBS, while the average variation disc value was 417.1 HBS, the conversion tensile test value with the results on the original disc was 1626 N/mm² and the variation disc was 1427 N/mm² with 10 variable point Rockwell testing and the conversion value of the Brinell hardness test and the original disc tensile test value was still greater than the variation disc tensile test value.

Advances in technology and social media have changed the way individuals obtain information and interact, especially in the context of global culture. BTS, a famous South Korean boy band, utilized social media to build a strong relationship with their fans, ARMY, through the campaign “Love Myself.” The campaign emphasized the importance of self-love and raised issues of mental health and violence. The campaign emphasized the importance of self-love and raised issues of mental health and violence. Through platforms such as Twitter and Instagram, BTS interacted directly with ARMY, who responded with significant support, including a 2.4 billion won donation to UNICEF. This interaction not only strengthened the online community but also helped boost fans' confidence. This research analyzes the impact of the “Love Myself” campaign on ARMY's engagement in social issues through social media. Furthermore, the resulting impact provides important insights into how celebrities and social media can influence broader social change. The campaign also reflects a shift in traditional ways of advocating and supporting social issues.

Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection plays a strategic role in providing legal protection for children who are victims of violence, bpth physical and psychological. The enactment of this regulation represents the state’s response to the increasing number of violence cases againts children, which necessitate a more comprehensive and child-oriented legal protection system. This law strengthens legal instruments through the recognition and protection of children’s rights, the imposition of criminal sanctions againts perpetators of violence, and th provision of recovery mechanisms for child victims. However, in practice, the implementation of the Child Protection Law continues to face various challenges, including weak law enforment, limited protection fasilities and infrastructure, and inadequate coordination among relevant institutions. These obstacles have resulted in the suboptimal realization of legal protection for child victims of violence. Therefore, the effectiveness of Child Protection Law largely depends on the responsiveness and commitment of law enforcement officials, as wekk as the synergy between the government, society, and families. Through such collaboration, optimal and sustainable child protection can be achieved.

Latar Belakang: Remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari anak-anak ke masa menuju dewasa dan selama perubahan tersebut akan ada terjadi perubahan baik secara hormonal, fisik, perilaku serta hubungan sosial. Kekerasan verbal dapat terjadi dimana saja, baik di lingkungan kerja, lingkungan rumah, sesama teman, maupun kedua orangtua terhadap anaknya. Kekerasan verbal tentu bukanlah hal yang dapat dinormalisasi dalam kehidupan. Kekerasan verbal merupakan kekerasan yang dilakukan dengan kata-kata kasar, hinaan, umpatan, olok kan, dan perkataan lain yang membuat lawan bicara marah, tersinggung, atau emosi. Studi pendahuluan pada remaja usia 12-15 tahun dari 5 anak (100%) tersebut semuanya sering menggunakan kata tidak baik, seperti anjay, resek, brengsek, kimey. Tujuan: peningkatan pengetahuan dan penerapan komunikasi verbal dan non verbal yang digunakan kelompok remaja usia 12-15 tahun Metode: Pengabdian masayarakt ini menggunakan motode ceramah dengan bentuk penyuluhan kesehatan Hasil: Penyuluhan yang dilakukan pada remaja yang awalnya sekitar 87% mereka kurang faham jenis komunikasi verbal dan non verbal yang baik dan benar untuk komunikasi sehari-hari, selama ini komunikasi yang digunakan dengan teman merupakan kata-kata umum dikalangan remaja sehingga menganggap kata-kata tersebut hal biasa menjadi 95% mengerti, bisa menerapkan komunikasi verbal dan non verbal yang baik, remaja mengerti bahwa kata-kata selama ini yang mereka ucapkan termasuk tindakan bullying. Kesimpulan: Komunikasi merupakan hal yang mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang anak remaja dalam menjalani kehidupan menuju dewasa nanti. Komunikasi yang baik akan memberikan dampak yang baik pula demikian sebaliknya jika komunikasi tidak baik maka akan terbawa hingga dewasa

Pendidikan seks kepada anak sejak dini dan pemilihan jenis tontonan yang sesuai dengan usia anak perlu menjadi perhatian orang tua sebagai upaya untuk mencegah kekerasan seksual yang terjadi pada anak. Namun faktanya pendidikan seksual kepada anak usia prasekolah belum dilakukan secara optimal oleh orang tua sehingga pemahaman seksual pada anak masih terbatas selain itu juga anak suka menonton video di aplikasi yang beresiko munculnya video tidak sesuai usia anak. Belum optimalnya orang tua dalam melakukan pendidikan seksual juga ditemukan di TK GMIM Alfa Omega dan TK Pembina, dimana orang tua mengungkapkan tidak mengetahui cara untuk melakukan pendidikan seksual dan anak suka menggunakan youtube untuk menonton. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dibentuk kegiatan pemberdayaan orang tua dalam bentuk kegiatan pelatihan metode story telling.dan pemanfaatan youtube kids. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan orang tua dalam melakukan pendidikan seksua dengan metode story telling dan penggunaan youtube kids. Pelaksanaan kegiatan terdiri atas 3 tahapan yaitu sosialisasi, pelatihan serta monitoring dan evaluasi yang diikuti oleh orang tua anak usia prasekolah di Tk GMIM Alfa Omega dan TK Pembina. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu adanya peningkatan pengetahuan orang tua dan keterampilan orang tua dalam melakukan pendidikan seks kepada anak usia prasekolah dan pemanfaatan aplikasi youtube kids. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini membawa dampak positif terhadap kemampuan orang tua melakukan pendidikan seksual dan pengunaan youtube kids sebagai alternatif tontonan bagi anak.

Cases of sexual violence are rife in educational environments and generally happen to women. Ironically, 55% of sexual violence perpetrators are committed by teachers, in fact many cases are still unreported. Preventing sexual violence is a shared responsibility. This study aims to determine the conditions, impacts and strategies that can be used to prevent sexual violence. A qualitative analytical approach with secondary data in the form of interviews broadcast via the Narasi TV and YouTube websites (Crime Lab, COKRO TV, KAWANUATV MANADO, Tribun Health, UNPAR OFFICIAL) was used in this research. The impacts felt by victims of sexual violence include feeling afraid, embarrassed, depressed, traumatized and low self-esteem. Strategies that can be implemented include promoting social norms, implementing social emotional learning related to sexual violence, forming a task force, mentoring support in the form of counseling and medical services as well as parental supervision and assistance. Mutual cooperation and synergy need to be carried out together to create a school environment that is safe and comfortable for students and free from sexual violence.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui sejauh mana upaya penanggulangan kekerasan verbal verbal dari kesiswaan/STP2K SMA Negeri Colomadu. 2) Mengetahui apa saja peran dari Guru PPKn dalam meningkatkan kesadaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan (civic dispositions) pada siswa/siswi SMA Negeri Colomadu. 3) Mengetahui apa saja yang menjadi faktor utama munculnya kekerasan verbal di kalangaan siswa/siswi SMA Negeri Colomadu. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelsakan bahwa kasus kekerasan verbal pada siswa/siswi SMA Negeri Colomadu menujukan bahwa sudah ada upaya penanggulangan yang telah di jalankan melalui program seperti sosialisasi, seminar dan penguatan pendidikan karakter dalam mencegah terjadinya kasus tindak kekerasan verbal di sekolah. Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, Upaya, Penanggulangan, Kekerasan Verbal This study aims to 1) determine the extente of efforts to oercome verbal violence from stundts/STP2K SMA Negeri Colomadu. 2) to find out the roles of PPKn teacher in incereasing civic education awarness (civic dispositions) among students at Colomadu state high school 3) to find out the main factors that contribute to the emergance of verbal that coseof verbal violance against students at Colomadu State High School indicate that there have been efforts to overcome this promblem that have been iplemented thorugh programs such as socialization, seminars and strengthening character education in preventing cases of verbal violence in school. Keyword: Civic Education, Efforts, Hadling, Verbal Violence

This article examines the implications of parental verbal violence on the socio-emotional development of early childhood aged 3–6 years. The study was conducted through an extensive literature review supported by general field observations in community settings. The purpose of this research is to describe the phenomenon of verbal violence experienced by young children, analyze its effects on their emotional security, self-confidence, and social adaptation, and identify contributing factors from both the family environment and parental characteristics. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, relevant books, journal articles, and institutional reports were synthesized to construct a comprehensive understanding of how negative communication patterns shape children’s socio-emotional development. The findings indicate that verbal violence such as yelling, scolding, insulting, labeling, and threatening can disrupt children’s emotional regulation, lower their self-esteem, and hinder their ability to interact positively with peers. Repeated exposure to harsh language also increases the risk of anxiety, aggression, and social withdrawal. Conversely, positive, supportive, and empathetic parental communication fosters emotional resilience, empathy, and healthy social behavior. This article highlights the urgent need for parents, educators, and communities to strengthen awareness regarding the harmful impact of verbal violence and to promote nurturing communication practices that support the holistic development of young children.

Sexual violence against children is a highly complex issue with profound negative impacts on both the victims and their social environment. Children with disabilities, particularly those with Down Syndrome, are among the most vulnerable to such abuse due to their physical and cognitive limitations. Given this context, the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) such as the Child Protection Agency (LPA) becomes crucial. LPA plays a vital role in providing support, advocacy, and assistance to child victims of sexual violence, especially those with disabilities. This study aims to examine the protective role of LPA in assisting children with Down Syndrome who have become victims of sexual violence in Deli Serdang Regency. Using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, the research explores and interprets the lived experiences of informants involved in the cases. The study also highlights the implementation of the four child protection principles as applied by the LPA. The findings show that LPA fulfills its protective role by providing legal assistance, psychosocial support, and ensuring the safety of the victims. The organization successfully implemented the four child protection principles, resulting in a 12-year prison sentence for the perpetrator and justice for the victim. The study recommends increasing LPA staff capacity to enhance the quality of services provided.

This study aims to explore structuration within the gatekeeping process of the Patroli news program in an episode reporting a case sexual violence aired on Indosiar. The research adopts a qualitative approach using the case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and content analysis of the episode covering a case sexual assault committed by a resident doctor at Dr. Hasan Sadikin hospital, Bandung. The key informant in this study was the executive producer of the Patroli news program. This research employs two theoretical frameworks: Anthony Giddens’ structuration theory and Joseph A Devitto’s gatekeeping theory. The findings reveal that the Patroli news team enforces strict editorial control to avoid regulatory sanctions or public complaints. The program complies with the national journalistic standards, specifically the P3SPS broadcasting guidelines and the journalistic code of ethics. The Study concludes that Giddens’ three dimension of social structure signification, domination and legimitation are evident in the gatekeeping process, these structure, alongside the concept of gatekeeping as the filtering of news content, play significant role in shaping how sensitive criminal cares are selected and presentend to the public.  

Child sexual abuse is a severe problem that profoundly affects victims’ physical, psychological, and social well-being. The Deli Serdang Child Protection Institution (LPA) functions as a non-governmental organization providing recovery and rehabilitation services for victims of such abuse. This study aims to examine the implementation of psychosocial interventions for child sexual abuse victims at LPA Deli Serdang. Conducted in Deli Serdang Regency, the research involved several informants, including the Chairperson and Psychologist of LPA as key informants, two child victims identified by the initials Z and N as main informants, and four supporting informants consisting of the victims’ parents, the LPA Secretary, and Legal Staff. Data collection was carried out through literature review, observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed qualitatively to gain a comprehensive understanding of the psychosocial intervention process. The findings show that LPA Deli Serdang has fulfilled its role in accordance with Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, particularly in providing integrated services that address victims’ emotional and behavioral needs. Based on Nitimiharjo’s (2012) framework, psychosocial interventions implemented by LPA have contributed to positive improvements in the victims’ cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and environmental domains. Moreover, according to Caroline’s (2012) theory, individual and play therapy have been identified as the primary methods used to assist victims in the recovery process. Overall, these interventions have proven effective in supporting psychological healing and social reintegration for child sexual abuse victims under the institution’s care.

Violence against children in the school environment is a serious problem that requires special attention. This legal counseling activity aims to increase understanding of child protection and violence prevention, especially at SMPN 1 Parangloe, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. Through counseling methods, interactive discussions, and documentation, the research team successfully involved 50 students, 3 teachers, and 7 parents in the activity held on February 24, 2025. The results showed a significant increase in participants' awareness of children's rights and steps to prevent violence. Students became more active in participating in discussions and more courageous in reporting cases of violence they experienced or witnessed. However, challenges such as concerns about social stigma are still barriers that need to be overcome. This activity emphasized the importance of collaboration between schools, parents and communities to create a safe and supportive environment for children's development. Thus, this counseling not only provides knowledge but also builds children's confidence in dealing with potential violence at school.

Adolescents are a group at risk of emotional and social changes, including the impact of verbal abuse that can lower self-confidence. At SMP Negeri 16 Palangka Raya, some students often face taunts, insults, and hurtful labels from their peers. Some students exhibit shy behavior, withdraw, and have low self-confidence. Verbal abuse is often seen as a joke, but it can negatively affect the psychological condition of adolescents. Positive attitudes are believed to help adolescents face verbal abuse more constructively. This study aims to analyze the relationship between attitudes and adolescents' self-confidence in dealing with verbal abuse. The study used a quantitative method with a correlational design and a cross-sectional approach. A total of 55 students from classes VIII-1 and VIII-2 were selected as samples using total sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using Spearman Rank test. The results showed that all respondents had a positive attitude, but 81.8% had only moderate self-confidence. The p-value of 0.007 (< 0.05) indicates a significant relationship between attitude and self-confidence. This suggests that positive attitude alone is not enough, and emotional education and psychosocial support are needed to improve adolescents' self-confidence in dealing with verbal abuse.

This paper aims to explore the legal basis and ethical reasoning for the revocation of parental rights due to domestic violence by placing the child's best interests as a compass and mapping the gap between norms and judicial practices. The method used is normative-doctrinal legal research based on a literature review of the Domestic Violence Law, the Marriage Law, the Child Protection Law, selected jurisprudence, and scientific literature, analyzed qualitatively through systematic interpretation, argument construction, and linking to the facts of the impact of domestic violence on children. The results show that positive law provides a firm basis for sanctions and protections including restrictions on interaction and revocation of custody rights, but implementation is often hampered by vague evidence of psychological violence, the victim's economic dependence, and weak execution of alimony; revocation effectively breaks the cycle when accompanied by a protection order, a post-decision parenting plan, and ongoing psychosocial support. Policy implications include guidelines for proving coercive control, expanding access to timely protection orders, integrating trauma-informed services in religious courts, and a mechanism for executing alimony that does not burden victims, with schools, community health centers, and communities as early detection nodes. Ultimately, legal work and social networks converge in one simple goal: that home again means a safe place for children to return.

The incidence of violent behavior among mental health patients globally reaches 9%. One of the independent interventions carried out by nurses is the application of implementation strategies for patients with violent behavior tendencies, whose risk level is greater than that of other patients. This study aims to analyze the effect of implementation strategies on the risk of violent behavior in patients with mental disorders at the Aceh Mental Hospital. The implementation strategy consists of four main techniques: building trust, training in controlling violent behavior through medication, training in social/verbal risk control, and training in spiritual control. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. A total of 2,166 inpatients at risk of violent behavior were identified over a one-year period, and 10 respondents were selected as samples using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. The research instrument was the BPAQ questionnaire, with aggression assessment ranging from low to very high. The results showed that the pretest average for signs and symptoms was 38.40, while the posttest score decreased to 11.60 after the implementation strategy intervention. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate methods, with a paired t-test yielding a p-value of 0.000 (less than 0.05). This study concluded that the implementation strategy had a significant impact in reducing the risk of violent behavior in patients. It is recommended that patients' understanding of the implementation strategy therapy be continuously improved as an effort to control violent behavior.

This study aims to analyze the responsibilities of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) and the state in implementing restitution for victims of sexual violence, particularly when the perpetrators are unable to pay or are sentenced to death. The background of this research lies in the weak implementation of restitution, which should be a fundamental right of victims, as illustrated by the case of Herry Wirawan based on the Bandung High Court Decision Number 86/Pid.Sus/2022/PT Bdg. The research addresses two main problems: (1) how the state and LPSK ensure the victims’ rights to restitution under such circumstances, and (2) what obstacles hinder the implementation of restitution based on the decision. The study employs a normative juridical method with a statutory and case study approach. The findings show that the implementation of restitution still faces serious obstacles, such as the absence of technical mechanisms, the lack of designated executing institutions, and the lack of coordination among law enforcement agencies. LPSK plays a role in proposing and calculating restitution amounts but lacks execution authority. Moreover, the state has not yet fulfilled its role as the ultimate guarantor for victims when the perpetrator is unable to comply. In conclusion, Indonesia’s legal system needs to strengthen technical regulations, ensure inter-agency coordination, and affirm the state's role as a guarantor of restitution to achieve meaningful restorative justice for victims of sexual violence

Psychological violence against children remains a critical issue that is often overlooked because it does not leave visible physical injuries, yet its long-term consequences can significantly hinder children’s emotional, social, and academic development. Addressing this problem requires not only legal and institutional measures but also preventive efforts at the family and community levels. The Community Service Program (KKN) entitled “Safe Home Supporting Child Development” in Desa Nusawungu was designed as a community-based educational initiative to raise parents’ awareness of the importance of creating an emotionally safe home environment. The program was implemented through the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method, which integrated structured material presentations, individual reflections using digital forms, and interactive group discussions. This combination allowed participants to gain knowledge, critically reflect on their own parenting practices, and share experiences with peers. The results revealed a notable increase in parents’ awareness of the detrimental effects of psychological violence on children’s well-being, their readiness to adopt positive parenting strategies, and their ability to identify challenges commonly faced in daily child-rearing practices. Moreover, participants expressed enthusiasm for sustaining similar activities in the future, highlighting the importance of continuous learning and the establishment of a parent learning community. The program demonstrated that simple, low-cost, and locally adapted interventions can effectively enhance parenting literacy, reduce the risk of psychological violence, and strengthen the developmental foundation of children during their golden age. These findings suggest that empowering parents through participatory education can serve as a replicable model for other communities facing similar challenges, thus contributing to the broader goal of ensuring children’s rights to grow in a safe and nurturing environment.

Sexual violence is any act of humiliating, insulting, attacking, and/or other acts against a person's body, sexual desires and/or reproductive function by force. This form of sexual violence can occur in everyday interactions among teenagers, including when they start having relationships with the opposite sex. This can be minimized in various ways, one of which is by providing motivation for teenagers to prevent acts of sexual violence. Motivation given to teenagers can be in the form of learning media, one of which is digital poster media. Digital poster media is more effective as an outreach medium because it helps stimulate the sense of sight, the visual aspect of poster images makes it easier to receive information. The aim of this research is to determine the development of digital poster media in preventing sexual violence against teenagers at Senior High School 5 Surakarta. This research method uses Research and Development (R&D), with the ADDIE model being developed in 5 stages, namely (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The results of this research obtained an assessment of digital poster media from material experts 96%, media experts 67%, small scale trials 83.3%, and field trials 83.83%, so it can be concluded that the media developed is "very feasible" to be used in preventing sexual violence against teenagers at Senior High School 5 Surakarta

Education plays a fundamental role in shaping character, developing personality, and exploring students' potential. Schools should ideally be safe, comfortable, and conducive spaces for student growth and development. However, reality shows that the school environment is still vulnerable to negative behaviors such as bullying and sexual violence. Bullying is understood as aggressive behavior carried out repeatedly with the aim of harming the victim, whether through physical, verbal, social, or online media (cyberbullying). Meanwhile, sexual violence includes various forms of sexual acts without the victim's consent, which have serious impacts on psychological, social, and academic achievement. Sexual violence in schools not only harms the victims physically but also leaves deep psychological scars that may affect their future. To respond to this problem, KKM Group 30 Bina Bangsa University conducted a socialization activity entitled "Stop Bullying and Sexual Violence" at SMAN X, District Y. The main objective of this activity was to provide in-depth understanding, build awareness, and encourage mutual respect in the school environment. The outreach was conducted through several methods, including presentations by resource persons, educational drama performances depicting real-life cases, and interactive question-and-answer sessions involving active student participation. Interactive sessions are essential to engage students and encourage them to express their thoughts openly. The results of the activities demonstrated high student enthusiasm, increased understanding of the forms and impacts of bullying and sexual violence, and a growing awareness to report victims or witnesses. These activities emphasized that prevention is not solely the responsibility of schools but also requires collaboration between students, teachers, parents, and the wider community. This creates a safe, comfortable learning environment free from all forms of violence.