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The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) remains a key indicator in assessing maternal health in Indonesia. Prolonged labor, particularly in the first stage, contributes to the high MMR. Prolonged labor can increase the risk of complications for both mother and baby. Birthballs are a non-pharmacological method used to help accelerate labor by increasing comfort, reducing pain, and accelerating cervical dilation. This method is increasingly popular because it does not involve medication and is safer for pregnant women. This study aims to determine the effect of birthball use on the progress of first-stage labor in women giving birth at the Cantika Clinic, Deli Tua District, Deli Serdang Regency in 2022. The study design used a Quasi Experiment with a Two Group Design. The study sample consisted of 20 respondents divided into two groups: an intervention group using a birthball and a control group not using a birthball, each consisting of 10 respondents. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the study showed that the group using the birthball had an average duration of the first stage of labor of 7 hours, while the group not using the birthball had an average duration of 8 hours and 40 minutes. The results of the statistical analysis showed a p value = 0.029 (<0.05), which means there is a significant effect of the use of the birthball on the progress of the first stage of labor. The conclusion of this study is that the use of the birthball can accelerate the process of the first stage of labor, so it is recommended to be implemented as a non-pharmacological intervention that can support a smoother and more comfortable delivery for pregnant women.  

The duration of the second stage of labor is a significant factor influencing maternal and neonatal outcomes. Maternal and neonatal mortality rates remain a major global health challenge, and various risk factors, including prolonged second stage of labor, contribute to this issue. Successful childbirth is influenced by risk factors such as maternal age, parity, and body mass index (BMI). This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the relationship between maternal age, parity, and BMI on the duration of the second stage of labor among 224 postpartum women at TPMB M in 2023. The results showed that women with advanced maternal age (<20 years or >35 years), nulliparity or grand multiparity, and underweight or obese BMI were at significantly higher risk of prolonged second stage of labor. These findings highlight the need for special attention to pregnant women with these risk factors to prevent obstetric complications. Healthcare providers are encouraged to enhance risk factor monitoring through education, screening, and comprehensive management during pregnancy.

Tropical regions offer significant opportunities in the development of renewable energy, particularly through industrial-scale Solar Power Plants (PLTS). This study aims to analyze PLTS implementation strategies in tropical areas as a means to support clean energy and green economic development. A literature study with a qualitative-descriptive approach was employed. The results show that industrial-scale PLTS implementation is highly promising due to stable and high solar radiation throughout the year. However, challenges persist such as limited infrastructure, high initial capital, and inconsistent regulatory frameworks. Thus, collaboration among stakeholders is essential to establish a sustainable energy ecosystem.

Childbirth causes pain due to shortening of the uterine muscles. Normal childbirth occurs because of pain, which is an important part of labor. During labor, pain can influence uterine contractions through the secretion of catecholamines and cortisol. It improves the function of the sympathetic nervous system, changing blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, and length of labor. The aim of this research is to find out how warm compresses impact how severe the pain of labor during the first active phase is. This research design is pre-experimental with a one group pre test and post test design. The population in this study were all mothers giving birth at BPM Nursehan Dahliana Birayang (Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan Province), using an accidental sampling technique and a sample size of 30 respondents was obtained. A warm compress is placed on the lower abdomen using a hot bladder. Data analysis used the Paired T - test. Based on the research results obtained, the average pain score before treatment was 8.13 and the average pain score after treatment was 4.66. The results of statistical analysis of tests of differences in pain intensity before and after treatment showed significant differences (p=0.000; 95% CI -3.900-(-3.031). The conclusion of this study is: warm compresses can reduce the intensity of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage. Warm compresses can be used as a way to reduce the intensity of labor pain.

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is a component of the development index and quality of life index which is calculated by taking into account and considering women's health status (MMR). The aim of this research is to determine the factors associated with hyperemesis gravidarum at the Birem Bayuem Community Health Center in 2024. The design of this research is an analytical survey using a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was all 1st trimester pregnant women who visited ANC at the Birem Bayuem Community Health Center in 2024, namely 26 pregnant women. The results of the analysis using the Telst Chi-sqularel test showed a value of p=0.008 (95% CI 1.522-26.081). Mothers who are working have a rate of 6,300 times more likely to experience hyperreleasing disease compared to mothers who are not working. It is hoped that by increasing the number of antenatal care, follow-up or maternal visits in research will reduce the number of cases of hyperelelmosis. Apart from that, it is highly recommended that you learn about health regularly by actively asking health professionals every time you visit a health care facility.