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Postpartum depression is a postpartum mental health disorder that significantly impacts maternal well-being, infant development, and family functioning. The high prevalence of postpartum depression in Indonesia is due to limited access to health services, low mental health literacy, and social stigma in the community. This indicates a significant gap between the need for maternal mental health services and the availability of existing interventions, making education a crucial component in efforts to prevent postpartum depression early. This study aims to analyze the prevention of postpartum depression in postpartum mothers through telenursing-based education and screening using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in the community. A descriptive case study design was used, involving one respondent, a 25-year-old primigravida mother residing in the Bantul area. The intervention was implemented online via WhatsApp and video calls, including structured health education on postpartum psychological changes, adaptive coping strategies, and the importance of social support. The intervention also included daily remote monitoring of the respondent's condition via the WhatsApp mobile application. The EPDS was administered as a pre-test and post-test to evaluate changes in the respondent's psychological condition. The findings showed a significant decrease in the EPDS score from 16 (moderate depression) to 6 (minimal depression), indicating significant psychological improvement. These results imply that integrating EPDS screening, structured health education, and daily monitoring is an effective and accessible community-based approach to preventing postpartum depression, particularly for mothers with limited mobility and access to health services.

 Background: Perineal pain due to episiotomy is a common complaint experienced by postpartum mothers and can affect patient comfort, mobility, and recovery. Nonpharmacological pain management is needed to help reduce discomfort with minimal risk of side effects. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of applying cold compresses using ice packs in reducing perineal pain intensity in postpartum mothers with episiotomy. Methods: The study used a descriptive case study design in three vaginal postpartum patients with episiotomy who were treated in the postpartum ward. The intervention involved applying cold compresses using ice packs to the perineal area for 10–15 minutes, as per nursing procedures. Pain was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. Findings: The results showed a decrease in pain intensity in all patients after the application of cold compresses. Patient P1 experienced a decrease in pain score from 5 to 4, patient P2 from 6 to 5, and patient P3 from 5 to 4, with an average decrease of 1 point. Implications: Cold compresses using ice packs have the potential to be an effective non-pharmacological nursing intervention to help reduce perineal pain and improve the comfort of postpartum mothers with episiotomies during the care period.

The completeness of nursing care documentation serves as a primary indicator of hospital service quality and remains a critical component of patient safety, clinical communication, and legal accountability. Despite its importance, empirical evidence from various healthcare facilities indicates that nursing records are frequently suboptimal, incomplete, or inconsistent. This study aims to analyze the complex interrelationships between burnout and coaching on the completeness of nursing care documentation, specifically examining the role of nursing competence as a mediating (intervening) variable at the Dr. Chasbullah Abdulmadjid General Hospital in Bekasi City. Utilizing a quantitative research framework with a cross-sectional design, this study sampled practicing nurses stationed across inpatient and intensive care units. Primary data were gathered through a validated, structured questionnaire designed to measure psychological burnout, the frequency of clinical coaching, perceived professional competence, and the objective completeness of documentation. The data were subjected to rigorous analysis using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the hypothesized pathways within the conceptual model. The results demonstrated that burnout exerts a significant negative influence on both nursing competence and the quality of documentation, suggesting that emotional exhaustion hinders professional performance. Conversely, systematic coaching was found to have a significant positive impact, directly improving both competence levels and documentation adherence. Critically, the analysis confirmed that nursing competence acts as a vital intervening variable; it effectively mediates and strengthens the influence of both burnout reduction and coaching interventions on the overall completeness of nursing care records. This study concludes that proactive burnout management and the institutionalization of structured coaching programs are essential strategic priorities. By addressing these factors, hospital management can enhance individual nurse competence, thereby ensuring high-quality, comprehensive nursing documentation that supports patient safety and institutional integrity.

Stunting remains a persistent nutritional challenge that threatens human capital development in Indonesia. This study examines the effects of exclusive breastfeeding, female education, sanitation, access to safe drinking water, inadequate food consumption, and poverty on stunting prevalence across 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2017–2024. The study employs a random-effects Panel EGLS estimator with Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) to address heteroskedasticity and cross-sectional dependence in provincial panel data. The findings reveal that exclusive breastfeeding, female education, and adequate sanitation significantly reduce stunting prevalence, while poverty significantly increases it. Interestingly, inadequate food consumption is negatively associated with stunting prevalence, potentially reflecting the contribution of government nutritional assistance and social protection programs. In contrast, access to safe drinking water does not show a statistically significant effect. Among the explanatory variables, female education is strongly associated with reductions in stunting. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening women’s education, improving sanitation quality, and expanding poverty-alleviation and nutrition-sensitive interventions to accelerate reductions in stunting and support the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 2 in Indonesia.

This study discusses the reform of criminal law regarding acts of abuse of power within the Indonesian legal system. Abuse of power committed by public officials constitutes a serious violation of the rule of law and the principle of equality before the law because it can harm society and weaken public trust in the government. The old Criminal Code inherited from the colonial era was considered incapable of providing an optimal deterrent effect against perpetrators of abuse of authority. Therefore, the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the New Criminal Code became an important step in the reform of criminal law in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze criminal law reform policies in overcoming abuse of power and the effectiveness of their implementation in law enforcement. The results show that the new Criminal Code expands regulations regarding abuse of authority with stricter criminal sanctions and additional penalties in the form of revocation of office rights. However, its implementation still faces challenges such as political intervention, low integrity of law enforcement officials, and the potential overlap with the Corruption Eradication Law. Therefore, the success of criminal law reform requires the support of legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture that work in harmony.

Low Birth Weight (LBW) refers to infants born with a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams and remains an important issue in neonatal health due to its association with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. To analyze the determinants of LBW based on primary studies published from 2021 to 2026. A literature review was conducted using the PRISMA approach. Article searches were performed through PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest using the keywords low birth weight, determinant factors, risk factors, BBLR, and faktor risiko with Boolean operators AND/OR. The inclusion criteria were primary studies, full-text availability, publication in Indonesian or English, and publication years from 2021 to 2026. A total of 20 articles were included, consisting of 15 international articles and 5 national sources. The review showed that LBW is influenced by interrelated maternal, nutritional, obstetric, and sociodemographic factors during pregnancy. The most dominant factors included multiple pregnancy with an adjusted OR of 21.74, maternal food insecurity with an AOR of 6.85, maternal hemoglobin level <11 g/dL with an AOR of 5.21, lack of iron-folic acid supplementation with an AOR of 4.17, maternal age ≤20 years with an AOR of 3.42, pregnancy interval <1 year with an adjusted OR of 2.92, missed antenatal care visits with an AOR of 2.74, smoking during pregnancy with an OR of 2.18, and maternal hypertension with an AOR of 1.94. LBW is influenced by multiple interrelated factors; therefore, efforts to reduce its incidence should focus on evidence-based interventions, particularly through optimizing antenatal care services, improving maternal nutritional status, and early detection of pregnancy.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in densely populated areas. Control efforts require accurate data and spatial analysis to understand disease distribution patterns. Geographic Information System (GIS) is an effective tool for visualizing case distribution and supporting surveillance and planning of control programs at the primary healthcare level. This study aims to describe the spatial distribution of Dengue cases based on medical record data and produce a geographic distribution map to support Dengue control efforts at the Puskesmas level. This study used a quantitative descriptive design with secondary data from medical records at Karangsari Health Center. The sample consisted of 255 DHF patients in 2025, selected using a total sampling technique. Data were processed through editing, geocoding patient addresses, and spatial analysis using QGIS software.The results showed 255 Dengue  cases in 2025 with fluctuating monthly trends, peaking in April and lowest in December. Case distribution was uneven and tended to cluster. High-risk areas accounted for 15.7%–21.2%, moderate-risk areas 9.8%–15.7%, and low-risk areas 7.1%–9.8%. Megu Cilik Village had the highest proportion of cases, while other villages were categorized as moderate and low risk. This pattern indicates that Dengue incidence is influenced by environmental conditions, vector density, host factors, rainfall, and Aedes aegypti presence. GIS provides clearer spatial visualization, helping identify high-risk areas and supporting targeted public health interventions.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder often accompanied by auditory hallucinations and has a significant impact on patients’ psychosocial functioning. This condition can reduce medication adherence, thereby increasing the risk of relapse. In this context, the role of caregivers is crucial in supporting treatment success. This study aims to describe psychiatric nursing care for patients with auditory hallucinations in improving medication adherence through caregiver involvement. The method used is a case study with a nursing process approach, including assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Interventions focus on hallucination management, psychoeducation, and caregiver involvement in care. The results show an increase in patients’ and families’ knowledge regarding the illness and its treatment, improved medication adherence, and enhanced patient ability to control responses to auditory hallucinations. Caregiver involvement has been shown to assist in supervision and providing support to patients. Therefore, comprehensive psychiatric nursing care through hallucination management, psychoeducation, and caregiver involvement is effective in improving medication adherence and controlling symptoms in patients with auditory hallucinations.

Homemade food is increasingly dominating the choices of consumers who are oriented towards a healthy lifestyle. However, the belief that self-cooking is synonymous with food safety is not always supported by scientific evidence. This Narrative Review aims to build an in-depth thematic synthesis of the various dimensions of food safety risks that arise in the process of preparing healthy homemade food, ranging from biological and chemical contamination, to human behavioral factors as the main agents of contamination. The study was conducted against seven reputable sources of scientific literature published between 2010–2025, including observational, experimental, cross-sectional, and review studies. Four main themes were identified: (1) risky behaviors in the household kitchen as the dominant factor; (2) unexpected cross-contamination pathways including table salt as a vector; (3) chemical and biological contaminants hidden in "healthy" materials; and (4) evidence-based interventions that have been proven to be effective. This review confirms that homemade food safety is a behavioral issue, not just a technical one, so the intervention approach must be multidimensional and sustainable.

The postpartum period is a vulnerable phase often accompanied by lactation problems, particularly ineffective breastfeeding and discomfort due to breast engorgement. These conditions may reduce maternal comfort, inhibit the let-down reflex, and increase the risk of failure in exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, safe, practical, and comprehensive non-pharmacological nursing interventions are needed. This Final Nursing Project aims to describe the implementation of cabbage leaf compresses combined with breastfeeding education to improve maternal comfort and enhance breast milk flow in postpartum mothers. This study employed a case study method using a nursing care approach involving two postpartum mothers who experienced ineffective breastfeeding and discomfort due to breast engorgement. The interventions were provided for three days and included cabbage leaf compresses and education on breastfeeding techniques. Evaluation focused on breastfeeding ability, pain level, breast condition, maternal comfort, and milk production. The results showed improvement in breastfeeding ability, indicated by the mothers’ ability to correctly demonstrate proper positioning and latch-on techniques. Infants appeared calmer during feeding, and the duration of breastfeeding increased to approximately 10 minutes per breast. Pain scores decreased from 5 to 0–3, breast tension was reduced, and maternal comfort improved. It can be concluded that the application of cabbage leaf compresses combined with breastfeeding education is effective in improving breast milk flow and maternal comfort in postpartum mothers and can be recommended as an independent nursing intervention in maternity practice.

Children with intellectual disabilities experience limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive abilities, which impact their independence in daily activities, including buttoning clothes. This skill requires fine motor coordination, concentration, and a proper understanding of task sequences. This case study aims to determine the effectiveness of button board play therapy in improving fine motor skills in children with intellectual disabilities. The method used was descriptive with a case study approach involving two children with moderate intellectual disabilities aged 8 and 9 years at SLB Bhakti Luhur Maumere. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The intervention consisted of button board play therapy conducted for 6 days, with a duration of 15–30 minutes per day, implemented gradually and repeatedly. The results showed that before the intervention, both children were unable to button their clothes independently. After the intervention, there was an improvement in their ability, as the children began to button some buttons (2–3 buttons) with better motor coordination, although they still required assistance and supervision. In conclusion, button board play therapy is effective in gradually improving fine motor skills and independence in children with intellectual disabilities. It is recommended that the intervention be carried out consistently and involve parents to achieve optimal results.

This study aims to explore the implementation of communication within routine counselling programmes as an intervention strategy to address student mental health issues at SMP Tri Guna Bhakti Surabaya. The investigation focuses on three primary problems: broken home backgrounds, lack of parental attention, and economic limitations. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach, collecting data through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentary studies involving school counsellors, teachers, students, and parents. Grounded in Interpersonal Communication Theory and Therapeutic Communication Theory, the analysis reveals that routine counselling programmes serve as a vital communication platform enabling empathetic, open dialogue between counsellors and students experiencing psychological distress. Key findings indicate that effective counselling communication requires consistent trust-building, active listening, and culturally sensitive message delivery tailored to each student’s unique circumstances. However, the study identifies significant systemic barriers, including student reluctance to disclose personal problems due to social stigma, limited counsellor availability, and insufficient parental engagement in follow-up communication. Despite these critical challenges, the implementation of the programme demonstrates substantial positive outcomes, including reduced student anxiety, improved academic motivation, and fostered psychological resilience. The study concludes that integrating structured interpersonal and therapeutic communication strategies within school counselling frameworks is essential for creating supportive, inclusive educational environments. These strategies are crucial to effectively address the multifaceted, urgent mental health needs of adolescents from vulnerable socioeconomic backgrounds, providing a scalable model for similar urban educational institutions.

Critically ill patients are individuals with unstable health conditions who require close monitoring of hemodynamic parameters. The high mortality rate among critically ill patients treated in intensive care units reaches 36.5% of 33,148 patients. Hemodynamic instability in critically ill patients can be influenced by underlying diseases, medical interventions, as well as physical and psychological stress responses during treatment. Therefore, in addition to pharmacological therapy, non-pharmacological interventions such as Asmaul Husna dhikr therapy are needed, as they can provide a relaxation effect and help stabilize hemodynamic parameters in critically ill patients. To determine the outcomes of the implementation of Asmaul Husna dhikr therapy. This study used a descriptive case study method involving two critically ill patients with unstable non-invasive hemodynamic parameters. Changes in non-invasive hemodynamic parameters were observed in both respondents after the implementation of Asmaul Husna dhikr therapy. In respondent 1, the hemodynamic status was initially categorized as increased and became stable after the intervention. Similarly, in respondent 2, the hemodynamic status changed from increased before the intervention to stable after the intervention. The implementation of Asmaul Husna dhikr therapy can be used as a complementary therapy to help stabilize hemodynamic parameters in critically ill patients.

Pressure ulcers are a common complication in patients with impaired consciousness due to prolonged immobilization. This condition can increase morbidity and prolong the length of stay, thus requiring effective preventive interventions such as progressive mobilization. To determine the outcomes of implementing progressive mobilization on the incidence of pressure ulcers in patients with impaired consciousness at the Anggrek 2 High Care Unit (HCU) of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital. This study employed a case study design involving two participants with impaired consciousness. The intervention, consisting of progressive mobilization, was conducted over 3 days with monitoring of skin condition and pressure ulcer risk. Findings: Following the implementation of progressive mobilization, both participants showed improvement in skin condition and a reduction in the risk of pressure ulcers, as evidenced by the absence of progression to more severe wounds and an increase in skin integrity. The application of progressive mobilization is effective in preventing and reducing the risk of pressure ulcers in patients with impaired consciousness. This intervention can serve as a safe and planned nursing intervention in the intensive care unit.

The rapid evolution of digital technologies has fundamentally reshaped tax administration systems, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), which constitute a critical driver of economic development yet continue to demonstrate suboptimal levels of tax compliance. This study aims to critically examine the role of Application Programming Interface (API)-based tax automation in enhancing MSME tax compliance through a systematic narrative literature review approach. Employing a qualitative design, this study synthesizes recent scholarly works published within the last five years to identify patterns, relationships, and emerging trends in digital taxation practices. The findings indicate that API-based automation significantly improves administrative efficiency, minimizes human error, and facilitates real-time data integration between taxpayer systems and tax authorities. Moreover, such integration enhances transparency and reduces compliance costs, thereby fostering voluntary compliance behavior among MSMEs. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this technological intervention is contingent upon several structural and behavioral factors, including digital literacy, technological readiness, and the availability of reliable digital infrastructure. Persistent disparities in these areas may constrain the scalability and inclusiveness of API implementation. This study underscores that API-based tax automation represents a transformative policy instrument in modernizing tax administration systems, provided it is supported by coherent regulatory frameworks, capacity-building initiatives, and equitable infrastructure development. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on digital taxation by offering a conceptual foundation for developing adaptive and sustainable compliance strategies in the era of economic digitalization

This research was conducted to describe the condition of displaced communities who experience limitations in meeting basic needs, such as decent housing, access to education, and health services. Socio-economic inequality is the main factor that affects the quality of life of vulnerable groups, including children, adults, and the elderly. The Rumah Asa program is designed as an effort to provide protection, psychological support, and economic empowerment through skills training and health services according to needs. The research used a qualitative approach through interviews, field observations, and questionnaire dissemination to gain an in-depth understanding of the respondents' living situation. The research population consisted of displaced individuals who had the potential to become beneficiaries of the program. The data obtained were analyzed to identify patterns of vulnerability and intervention needs. The results showed that each respondent faced unstable socio-economic conditions, with limited income, lack of family support, and high health risks. The discussion showed that neglect is multidimensional and requires comprehensive interventions that include material, emotional, social, and health aspects. The conclusion of the study confirms that the Rumah Asa Program has great potential as a model of effective social intervention in improving the quality of life of vulnerable groups, as long as it is supported by the collaboration of the community, government, and social institutions.

Self-development is a crucial competence for navigating the professional world; however, many individuals face significant barriers in optimizing this potential. This study aims to formulate an integrative model of Quranic Tadabur and bibliotherapy as a professional therapeutic intervention in counseling, addressing gaps in existing literature. Using a library research method with content analysis, the findings indicate that Quranic Tadabur effectively enhances essential self-development skills, including self-awareness, work motivation, problem-solving, time management, emotional regulation, critical and creative thinking, and social collaboration. Within the bibliotherapy framework, the self-development process is structured through stages of motivation, incubation, follow-up, and evaluation. Furthermore, several counseling techniques are proposed, such as self-management, minimal contact, counselor-led management, and directed counseling, to support individual growth. This integrative approach highlights the role of spirituality in fostering holistic personal and professional development. The study contributes theoretically to the advancement of spirituality-based counseling models, particularly in the context of modern career development, and offers a conceptual foundation for future empirical research.

Post section caesarea (SC) and method of operative female sterilization (MOW) are surgical procedures that may cause various problems, such as pain, limited mobility, decreased muscle strength, and risk of postoperative complications. Physiotherapy management through exercise therapy is an important intervention to accelerate the recovery process. Objective this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of exercise therapy in improving the functional condition of patients post SC and MOW in Annisa Ward 32 A at PKU Muhammadiyah Karanganyar Hospital. Method: used was a case report on a 33-year-old female patient following SC and MOW procedures. The physiotherapy interventions included deep breathing exercises, active range of motion exercises of the extremities, light abdominal muscle contractions, gradual early mobilization, as well as breast massage and oxytocin stimulation. The results showed a reduction in pain from a scale of 4–5 to 2–3 based on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), improvement in mobility such as independent position changes, and increased activity tolerance, including sitting and walking with minimal assistance. In addition, the patient showed increased confidence in performing daily functional activities. Conclusion: exercise therapy has a positive effect on improving mobility, reducing pain, and accelerating functional recovery in post SC and MOW patients. Therefore, exercise therapy is recommended as an essential component of postoperative physiotherapy management to improve patients' quality of life.

This study addresses the limited integration of environmental education, Islamic values, and creative learning practices in existing pedagogical models. It proposes an eco-friendly Islamic calligraphy approach as an innovative medium for recycling-based learning that promotes both ecological awareness and spiritual development. The study adopts a Participatory Action Research (PAR) design involving 22 students from diverse educational levels at Sanggar Bimbingan Bintang Sembilan. Data were collected through structured observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using an iterative qualitative framework to identify changes in students’ cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains. The findings indicate that students initially exhibited low environmental awareness, minimal engagement, and limited ability to utilize recyclable materials creatively. Following the intervention, there was a substantial increase in active participation, creative output, and conceptual understanding of environmental sustainability. Students also demonstrated observable behavioral shifts, particularly in waste reuse practices and environmental responsibility. In addition, the incorporation of Islamic values reinforced ethical awareness and strengthened students’ sense of stewardship toward the environment. This study contributes to the advancement of interdisciplinary learning by offering a contextual and practice-oriented model that integrates environmental education, religious values, and art-based pedagogy. The proposed approach not only enhances student engagement but also fosters holistic learning outcomes, making it a viable alternative to conventional instructional methods in sustainability education.

Waste management remains a critical environmental issue due to the lack of public awareness in separating organic and inorganic waste, resulting in accumulation and environmental pollution This study aims to analyze and evaluate the development of automatic waste sorting systems based on proximity sensors with full-capacity notification using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach.. The proposed system utilizes a combination of sensors, including proximity sensors for material identification and ultrasonic sensors for detecting object presence and bin capacity, integrated with a microcontroller for real-time processing. Additionally, the system is equipped with IoT-based monitoring that allows users to receive notifications when the waste bin reaches its capacity. The research method involves system design, hardware and software integration, and functional testing to evaluate system performance. The results indicate that the system is capable of sorting waste automatically with a high level of accuracy and responsiveness, while also providing real-time monitoring to support waste management operations. The implementation of this system can reduce manual intervention, increase operational efficiency, and promote better waste segregation practices. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of integrating smart technology into environmental management systems, contributing both theoretically and practically to the development of sustainable waste management solutions.