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Tourism in Bali, as the backbone of the regional economy, absorbs more than 50% of the workforce and gives rise to complex labor dynamics. Although Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower and Law No. 21 of 2000 on Trade Unions guarantee worker protection and freedom of association, the reality on the ground is still marked by the misuse of fixed-term employment contracts (PKWT), violations of outsourcing regulations, and both structural and cultural barriers to union formation. This article employs a normative juridical approach, using statute, conceptual, and case-based methods to analyze the regulatory framework and the responses of workers, employers, and government actors in addressing industrial relations disputes within Bali’s tourism sector. The findings reveal a significant gap between written legal norms and actual practice: repeated extensions of PKWT, outsourcing of core tasks such animal caretaking, union-busting through dismissal of union members, and weak law enforcement at regional level. Trade unions play a role in mediation and advocacy, but their performance is hindered by employer intimidation, low legal literacy among workers, and limited institutional support. Bridging this gap requires strict oversight, legal education for workers, as well as the strengthening of union capacity and the authority of local governments.

The advancement of digital technology plays a crucial role in fostering regional economic growth and tourism. Bekasi Regency, recognized as Indonesia’s largest industrial area, has vast potential to develop its tourism sector and creative economy. However, limited public understanding of digital utilization remains a major challenge, particularly in promoting village potential and local products in Sukamurni. To address this issue, and the socialization of the Industrial Tourism Portal was carried out to improve community skills and awareness of technology as an effective promotional tool. The program adopted a participatory approach through counseling, training, and direct practice, enabling active engagement of participants throughout the process. The residents of Sukamurni Village became the main actors in using the portal to highlight local tourism and broaden the market reach of MSME products. The outcomes indicated that participants not only gained theoretical knowledge but also practical competence in accessing and applying portal features effectively. Moreover, the activity successfully raised awareness of the significance of digitalization in enhancing business competitiveness and long-term sustainability. With this important initiative, and Sukamurni Village is expected to strengthen its position as an innovative, productive, and technology-adaptive tourism village, while also actively supporting sustainable community welfare and inclusive regional development.

This study aims to analyze students’ perceptions of foreign language learning and its impact on their readiness to enter the international job market. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, collecting data through questionnaires distributed to 100 students from various study programs across multiple faculties. The study explored students’ experiences in learning foreign languages, including perceived challenges, motivations, and the effectiveness of teaching strategies applied in the classroom. The findings indicate that foreign language proficiency has a positive correlation with students’ confidence levels, especially when facing cross-border professional challenges, international collaboration, and communication with global stakeholders. Students reported that while foreign language learning at the university is generally effective, there are areas for improvement, particularly regarding the integration of real-world contexts, industry-specific vocabulary, and interactive practice opportunities. Furthermore, the study revealed that students value opportunities for cultural exposure, international internships, and collaboration with foreign peers as part of their learning experience. Based on these findings, universities are recommended to adopt strategies such as curriculum integration, practice-based teaching methods, interdisciplinary projects, and strengthening international partnerships to better prepare students for global employment. The study concludes that foreign language mastery is not only a linguistic skill but also an essential social, cultural, and professional capital that enhances graduates’ competitiveness in the global job market. Ultimately, developing comprehensive language skills, combined with intercultural competence, will equip students with the adaptability, confidence, and communication abilities required to thrive in diverse international work environments.

Borobudur's cultural heritage as a global tourism destination requires innovative strategies in local product development. This research examines the role of Intellectual Property (IP) in the industrial design of Upanat Sandals in increasing the competitiveness of the Borobudur National Tourism Destination (DPN) and its surroundings in the international arena. Through a normative legal research method with a descriptive-analytical approach, the study focuses on analysing industrial design regulations, IP documentation, and in-depth interviews with industry players and tourism stakeholders. Specifically, the research investigates how the Upanat Sandal industrial design can be a strategic instrument in building the identity and competitiveness of tourism destinations. The results revealed that IP protection on Upanat Sandals has the potential to create tourism product differentiation, encourage creative economy innovation, and strengthen Borobudur destination branding at the international level. The findings show that the development and protection of industrial design IP can be an effective strategy in increasing tourist attractiveness, presenting the uniqueness of local culture, and opening up new economic opportunities. However, the research also identified significant challenges, such as low public awareness of the importance of IP protection and the complexity of registration procedures that hinder the development of maximum potential.

This study aims to analyze the strategies for developing the tourism industry in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, which is one of the main tourist destinations in Indonesia. The background of this research is based on the significant potential of the tourism sector to support regional economic growth through increased revenue from taxes and levies. However, the tourism industry in Yogyakarta faces various challenges, including global competition and changing tourist behaviors. Utilizing qualitative methods and Miles and Huberman's data analysis model, this research collects information from various literature sources to identify strategies that can enhance competitiveness and sustainability in the tourism sector. The findings indicate the necessity of collaboration between the government, local communities, and the private sector to optimize tourism potential and improve service quality to attract more visitors.

Green Companies are a necessity for businesses to ensure sustainability in environmental management, preventing pollution and environmental damage during construction, production, or when products or services are used by customers, even up to the point of disposal. To provide satisfaction to tourists, tourist attractions must have adequate facilities to support the needs of tourists during their visit and to fulfill their expectations. Green industries and tourism play a crucial role in local economic development and environmental conservation. This study aims to provide assistance to green industries and tourism facilities in Kampung Batik Malon, focusing on sustainable development and empowerment of the local community. Assistance is provided through skills training to improve the quality of batik products and introduce environmentally friendly production techniques. In addition, the development of tourism facilities, such as homestays based on local culture and interactive batik galleries, is implemented to enhance the attractiveness of the tourist destination. Local community empowerment is carried out through participation in the decision-making process and the establishment of cooperatives to improve market access. The assistance also involves a sustainable approach to managing industrial waste and promoting environmentally friendly practices. The results of this assistance implementation show a significant increase in the quality of batik products, an increase in the number of tourist visits, and an increase in the income of the local community. Additionally, Kampung Batik Malon has successfully reduced its environmental impact through more sustainable production practices. Therefore, this activity contributes to sustainable development by demonstrating that the integration of green industries and tourism can be a successful model for strengthening the local economy while preserving the environment. Furthermore, this research provides guidance for other villages that wish to adopt a similar approach in developing the local potential of tourist attractions.

In the Effort to Develop the Tourism Industry in Tana Toraja, with the concept of sustainable development requires the involvement and empowerment of local communities. Local communities have a central role in preserving culture and the natural environment, and are the main beneficiaries of tourism activities. The purpose of this paper is to encourage local communities to actively participate in planning, decision-making, and tourism management processes in their area. Local communities have traditional wisdom in managing natural resources, so their involvement can help ensure that tourism development does not damage the natural environment and local ecosystems. Therefore, empowering local communities is very important in the development of sustainable tourism in Tana Toraja, because it ensures a balance between economic, socio-cultural, and environmental aspects. The method/approach/strategy of community service research uses Participatory Action Research (PAR) an approach that involves active community participation in the entire research process, from problem identification, planning, implementation, to evaluation. The result of this research is the Local Community Empowerment Strategy in Industrial Development in Tana Toraja.

The city of Surabaya, as one of the cities in East Java Province, is active in the tourism sector. However, for many of them there are still income disparities in this metropolitan city. In tourism, there are several indicators that need to be paid attention to, namely the number of tourist visits, the number of hotels and the GRDP of the tourism sector. These three are appropriate benchmarks in approaching the growth of the tourism industry. Not only that, the human development index is also an important point for measuring the level of human welfare so that large disparities do not occur. This research aims to determine the influence of the growth of the tourism industry and the human development index on income inequality in the city of Surabaya. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative using secondary data obtained from the Department of Culture, Youth and Sports and Tourism of the City of Surabaya and the Central Statistics Agency of the City of Surabaya. The data obtained from 2014 - 2023 was processed using a time series method and then tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 25. The results obtained from the F test for the two independent variables had a significant effect on income inequality. In the t test, partially the tourism industry growth variable has a positive and significant effect on income inequality, then the human development index variable has a negative and significant effect on income inequality in the city of Surabaya.

Economic development is a multidimensional change process that covers various aspects and affects the quality of life and human welfare. Economic development can be approached regionally through mapping regions and growth centers (growth pools) with the aim of achieving efficient production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. Sectorally, the tourism sector is a sector that absorbs labor, captures community economic efforts, attracts tourists and brings in foreign exchange. Therefore, encouraging tourism development can create wider employment opportunities and accelerate economic growth and employment. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the number of tourists and investment in hotels and restaurants in the tourism industry sector of the city of Surabaya. The research used quantitative descriptive with secondary data for 2014-2023 obtained from the Department of Culture, Youth and Sports and Tourism of the City of Surabaya and data from BPS. The data collected is by tabulation, analysis and also document study. The results of research using the growth rate test and also the elasticity test show that the growth in the number of tourists (X1) has no effect on labor absorption (Y). investment growth (X2) influences labor absorption (Y). 

This study aims to determine the Madiun Mayor's policy in developing pencak silat as cultural tourism and at the same time to determine the effectiveness of the Madiun City government's policy in developing cultural tourism based on the silat industry in the perspective of Lawrence M. Friedman's legal system theory. The author uses normative legal research methods. Based on the results of the research, it is known that the Madiun City government develops the potential of pencak silat based on smart city through a smart branding roadmap which includes two programmes, namely the pencak silat experience tourism development programme and the pencak silat friend programme. In addition, the City Government through Disbudparpora also manages pencak silat through art performances and intercollegiate competitions. The effectiveness of the Madiun City Government's policy in developing cultural tourism based on the silat industry in the perspective of Lawrence M. Friedman's legal system theory states that legal effectiveness is influenced by three elements of the legal system, namely the structure of law, the substance of the law and legal culture. Based on this theory, the concept of developing Madiun City Pendekar cultural tourism based on the martial arts industry can be directed through the development of tourism policies based on pencak silat culture, synergy between the Madiun City Government and the implementing apparatus and building public awareness.

The analysis of Traveloka.com's services in the tourism industry encompasses various aspects, including usability, service quality, customer loyalty, and the influence of service quality on customer loyalty. The usability analysis of Traveloka.com's website revealed a high level of usability, as evidenced by efficiency, memorability, error rate, and user satisfaction. However, the study also identified areas for improvement, particularly in terms of system accessibility, privacy, and efficiency, which significantly impact customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the influence of service quality on customer loyalty was found to be significant, indicating the importance of continuous improvement in service quality to maintain and enhance customer loyalty. This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of Traveloka.com's services and their impact on the tourism industry, offering insights for the company's development and the advancement of the overall tourism sector.

Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) illustrates the ability of a region to create output on a certain period. Gross value can be seen from the development and growth of the economy including the tourism sector in certain years in Manado city. The aim of this research was to identify and describe the contributions of the companies in the tourism sector to the GRDP of Manado City. This research was conducted at Manado City Tourism Office, Central Bureau of Statistics Manado City, and in some tourism industries that exist in Manado City, such as hotels, restaurants and travel agents. This research used quantitative methods with statistical mathematical and descriptive approaches using the analysis percentage of GRDP. The results show that the contribution of GRDP of tourism sector to the total GRDP of Manado City have increase. It was found also that the company's biggest contribution in the tourism sector to GRDP were from trade, hotels and restaurants and the smallest was from the entertainment and recreation. The increased in contribution of the tourism industry sector was caused by the construction of new hotels, restaurants, newly built tourism objects and improved existing tourism objects and other support facilities.

The tourism industry is one of the industries that has an important role in the national development of various countries today where in 2017, globally the tourism industry has driven the progress of the lives of millions of people by encouraging economic growth, creating jobs, reducing poverty, and accelerating development and strengthening tolerance. In this condition, Indonesia is also one of the countries that has an impact on these developments. Where the tourism sector in 2016 showed development and continued to increase and make an increasingly significant contribution to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Seeing this potential, tourism development is starting to become one of the leading programs in regional development, in which case this discussion will focus on the development of tourism in one of the districts in the city of Medan. Tourism development that is planned and managed in a sustainable manner based on the community will be able to contribute to local revenue (PAD) and create jobs.

Perkembangan sektor pariwisata telah berkembang menjadi sebuah industri yang sangat signifikan karena perkembangan dari digitalisasi sendiri. Fenomena ini terjadi karena aktivitas sektor pariwisata yang telah menciptakan permintaan tinggi untuk sebuah jasa, produk dan pelayanan, berakibat pada munculnya perusahaan yang saling melengkapi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar tersebut. Inilah yang dapat menjadi kontribusi untuk meningkatkan para wisatawan berkunjung ke dalam objek wisata tertentu. Sebagai contoh objek wisata yang diprakarsai oleh masyarakat setempat adalah Pasar Seni dan Budaya Kertarejasa, yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Candirenggo, Kecamatan Singosari, Kabupaten Malang. Yang ditawarkan dalam pasar ini adalah berbagai produk dari seni dan budaya yang begiru menarik minat para wisatawan untuk memperkenalkan lebih dekat kearifan lokal dan keunikan daerah tersebut. Ditekankan juga pentingnya upaya bersama untuk melestarikan dan mengembangkan potensi pariwisata sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan dan pengenalan budaya daerah.

Geographic Information System (GIS) is a type of software that can be used for input, storage, manipulation, display, and output of geographic information and its attributes (Prahasta). Geographic Information Systems have a very important role in combining data, organizing data, conducting data analysis which can ultimately produce data and can be used as a reference for decision making on issues related to geography.

One of the industries that has been badly impacted by the COVID-19 outbreak is tourism. According to BPS statistics from 2021, there has been a dramatic drop in both domestic and international tourism. Diverse initiatives are made to keep Indonesian tourism alive. Kemenparekraf/Baparekraf is in charge of the "rescue" phase's emergency response, recovery, and normalization. According to Kaspar, wellness tourism is a type of tourism service that can be produced or enhanced in response to a destination's social and environmental circumstances. In terms of the tourist industry, wellness tourism is a subset of health tourism that is comparable to other tourism industries. Here are some motivational ideas that were examined based on the push and pull variables used in this study However, push factors do not considerably increase the desire to travel for wellness in Indonesia. Push factors might be said to cause the urge to return to traveling for wellbeing. According to reports, pull factors significantly influence foreign tourists' interest in visiting Indonesia for wellness tourism. Enhancing mental wellbeing is the indicator that best explains the push factors for tourists to engage in wellness tourism in Indonesia, whilst heritage and culture are the indicator that best describes the draw factors. However, out of the two, pull factors have a greater impact on tourists' interest in visiting.

The primary objective of this study is to determine the performance of spending expenditure in the budget realization report at the Department of Culture and Tourism in North Toraja Regency. The method that used in this case study is Quantitative Descriptive Analysis. The data entry used in this thesis have multiple category which are Expenditure Variance Analysis Techniques, Expenditure Compatibility Analysis, Expenditure Growth Analysis and Efficiency Analysis. The outcome of this study prove that the expenditure performance in the budget realization report for the North Toraja Regency Culture and Tourism Industries which is from 2019-2021 can be seen from the expenditure variance with an average of 17.27%. According to the research of expenditure, the spending growth has an increase by 29.56% for the year 2020, meanwhile for the year 2021 the growth has an increase of 0.76%. Based on the analysis of compatibility, the spending ratio of operating expenditure it is categorized as suitable because it has an average of 72.18%. On the other hand, the capital expenditure ratio it is categorized quite relevant because it has an average of 46.48%. Thus, the analysis of expenditure efficiency it is categorized as the most satisfactory because it has an average effectiveness level which from year 2019 till 2021 reaching 84.44%.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan finansial, potensi dan cara mempertahankan perekonomian di masa pandemi COVID-19 bagi industry pariwisata di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan beberapa objek wisata di kota Surabaya. Dari hasil kajian penurunan ekonomi yang dialami industry pariwisata di Surabaya disebabkan oleh penurunan jumlah pengunjung yang mengakibatkan kesulitan dalam pengelolaan tempat wisata, fasilitas yang ada dan pendapatan yang menurun.  

Industri pariwisata memiliki peluang besar dan menjadi sektor yang berskala global dalam perekonomian. Pariwisata memainkan peran sentral dalam mengembangkan ekonomi di berbagai negara. Sektor pariwisata di desa-desa merupakan salah satu potensi untuk meningkatkan PADes di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana status Desa Wanurejo sebagai desa wisata berdampak pada ekonomi masyarakat lokal dan bagaimana peningkatan literasi keuangan masyarakat setelah adanya desa wisata. Untuk memberikan gambaran tentang validitas ide, metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan. Data primer berasal dari wawancara dengan para pelaku sadar desa wisata: seorang kepala desa, seorang pelaku UMKM di Desa Wanurejo, dan penjaga loket. RIPPARDA (Rencana Induk Kepariwisataan Daerah) Kabupaten Magelang Tahun 2014–2034 Nomor 4 Tahun 2015 menetapkan kebijakan yang mengatur desa wisata di Kabupaten Magelang.

Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh perkembangan industri esports terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan industri esports berkontribusi positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia melalui beberapa aspek seperti peningkatan pendapatan, terbukanya lapangan pekerjaan baru, peningkatan penerimaan pajak, dan peningkatan pariwisata. Namun, terdapat pula beberapa tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan industri esports seperti kurangnya regulasi yang jelas, minimnya dukungan pemerintah, dan kurangnya infrastruktur yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar pemerintah meningkatkan regulasi dan dukungan dalam pengembangan industri esports serta meningkatkan investasi dalam infrastruktur yang dapat mendukung perkembangan industri ini.