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Hypertension substantially increases the risk of developing secondary conditions, including stroke, renal disease, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. Early management is therefore essential to prevent complications and adverse outcomes. Evidence indicates that untreated hypertension contributes to approximately 60% of stroke cases. Public knowledge regarding hypertension-related complications remains limited, and many individuals are unable to identify early signs of stroke the most common complication associated with hypertension. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of hypertensive patients regarding stroke risk and management at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2024. A descriptive research design was employed. The sample consisted of 67 hypertensive patients attending the outpatient clinic, selected through purposive sampling. Data were presented using frequency distribution tables. The findings revealed that 52.2% of respondents demonstrated poor knowledge, 32.8% had moderate knowledge, and only 14.9% showed good knowledge regarding stroke risk and management. These results underscore the need for patients to adopt healthier lifestyles and for the hospital to strengthen educational efforts by providing more engaging and interactive learning materials for patients and their families.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. This condition includes several types, such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It occurs when the body is unable to produce enough insulin, experiences impaired insulin function, or faces a combination of both. As a result, glucose cannot be effectively absorbed by the body’s cells and accumulates in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar or hyperglycemia. If this condition persists, the buildup of glucose can cause various disorders in different organs. Without proper management, diabetes may lead to severe and life-threatening complications. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and even failure of vital organs such as the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. In this activity, percentage-based methods and demonstrations of blood glucose testing were used as educational tools for students. The results showed that students’ awareness of the dangers of elevated blood sugar levels remains low. Many of them are still unfamiliar with the importance of regular blood glucose monitoring and maintaining a healthy lifestyle to prevent diabetes. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to provide education and outreach on the prevention and early management of diabetes mellitus.

The prevalence of hypertension in the elderly continues to increase and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Uncontrolled blood pressure can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Anxiety, which is often experienced by the elderly, also plays a role in worsening hypertension through activation of the sympathetic nervous system and increased stress hormones. This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at the Kuta Alam Community Health Center in Banda Aceh City. The study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional analytical design. The study population consisted of 145 elderly people with hypertension, with a sample of 59 people selected through a purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted from April 28 to May 8, 2025. Anxiety levels were measured using the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) questionnaire, and blood pressure was measured using a digital sphygmomanometer. Data analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test. The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced panic anxiety (39.0%) and Grade III hypertension (44.1%). There was a significant relationship between anxiety levels and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly (ρ = 0.000; ρ < 0.05). In conclusion, anxiety influences the severity of hypertension, so psychological aspects need to be considered in elderly health services at the Kuta Alam Community Health Center.

Hypertension is one of the most common diseases experienced by the community and poses a high risk of causing serious complications. Persistently elevated blood pressure can damage vital organs and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, strokes and kidney failure. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of foot reflexology massage to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This research employed a case study approach involving two hypertensive patients at TK II Putri Hijau Hospital Medan. The Nursing care process included assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The results showed a decrease in both systolic and diatolic blod pressure after the foot reflexology intervention. The first patient experienced a reduction in blood pressure from 145/90 mmHg to 130/82 mmHg, while the second patient’s blood pressure from 144/89 mmHg to 128/82 mmHg. The study cocludes that the implementation of foot reflexology massage is proven to be efeective in lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This therapy is recommended as a complementary intervention in nursing practice to assist in controlling hypertension.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major challenge in today's health development. One category of these diseases is hypertension, which is classified as a chronic disease with a relatively high mortality rate. Hypertension serves as a major predictor for various chronic diseases and is a common disease found in the community (Putri et al., 2025). If not managed properly, hypertension can lead to more serious complications such as stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes, kidney failure, and blindness. Stroke (51%) and coronary heart disease (45%) are the leading causes of death related to hypertension (Pokhrel, 2024). The increasing prevalence of hypertension along with changes in lifestyle and unhealthy eating patterns adds to the global health burden. Therefore, effective management of hypertension is essential to prevent further complications. Appropriate hypertension management and regular monitoring can reduce the risk of related diseases, improve quality of life, and reduce mortality caused by complications of heart disease and stroke. Preventive and promotive efforts through health education are key to reducing the prevalence of hypertension in the community.

Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, with a high incidence rate that has become a major global health concern. It is often referred to as a “silent killer” because many patients are unaware of their condition until serious complications arise. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension is relatively high, yet many sufferers remain undiagnosed or do not receive proper medical treatment. Several risk factors contribute to hypertension, including age, heredity, high-salt diet, obesity, lack of physical activity, and unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Without proper management, hypertension may lead to severe complications such as stroke, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Management of hypertension generally involves pharmacological therapy, such as the administration of antihypertensive drugs, as well as non-pharmacological interventions through lifestyle modifications. Nurses play a crucial role in patient education, monitoring, and preventing complications through comprehensive nursing care. The purpose of this study is to describe the nursing care provided to Mr. R, who experienced a cardiovascular system disorder, namely hypertension, in the Dahlia Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. The research method used was descriptive with a case study approach, allowing for a systematic and clear presentation of the patient’s condition. The case findings showed that the patient’s main complaint was a headache radiating to the nape of the neck. Based on nursing assessment, two nursing diagnoses were identified: acute pain and lack of knowledge regarding the disease and its management. Interventions were determined using national standards such as SDKI, SLKI, and SIKI, which are expected to reduce symptoms and improve the patient’s understanding of hypertension.

Hypertension is one of the global public health issues with serious implications as it may lead to severe complications such as stroke, coronary heart disease, and kidney failure. Elderly individuals are among the most vulnerable groups, with the highest prevalence found in the age group of 65–74 years (57.6%) and those over 75 years (63.8%). Non-pharmacological treatment for hypertension includes regular and consistent elderly gymnastics. This study aims to examine the effect of elderly gymnastics on blood pressure among elderly individuals with hypertension at the Rumoh Sejahtera Geunaseh Sayang Nursing Home, Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh. The study applied a quasi-experimental design with a deductive approach. The population consisted of 55 elderly individuals, and 17 were selected as the sample using total sampling technique. The elderly gymnastics intervention was conducted three times a week, from April 17th to 22nd, 2025. Blood pressure was measured before and after the intervention using a pre-test and post-test observation sheet. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test, suitable for non-parametric data. Results showed that on the first day, there was no significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.091). On the second day, systolic blood pressure showed a significant decrease (p = 0.003), while diastolic pressure remained non-significant (p = 0.161). On the third session, a significant reduction occurred in both systolic (p = 0.000) and diastolic (p = 0.001) blood pressure. Conclusion: Elderly gymnastics has an effect on reducing blood pressure in elderly individuals with hypertension. This intervention may serve as an effective and applicable non-pharmacological therapy in daily life.

Based on data from the South Nias District Health Office, the number of hypertension cases at Bawomataluo Public Health Center increased steadily from 2022 to 2024. This condition posed a high risk of leading to severe complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and damage to other organs. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing compliance with blood pressure control among hypertensive patients within the working area of Bawomataluo Public Health Center in the year 2025. This research employed a quantitative method using an analytic survey design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 185 individuals who had been diagnosed with hypertension over the past six months (from July to December 2024). A purposive sampling technique was used to select 127 participants. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Using logistic regression with the forward method, the results showed that knowledge had a significance value of 0.002 with an Exp(B) of 5.680; family support had a significance value of 0.000 with an Exp(B) of 6.740; motivation had a significance value of 0.000 with an Exp(B) of 6.947; and self-confidence had a significance value of 0.001 with an Exp(B) of 5.706. Among these, motivation was identified as the most dominant factor due to having the highest odds ratio (Exp(B)). The findings indicated that knowledge, family support, motivation, and self-confidence significantly affected compliance with blood pressure control among hypertensive patients at Bawomataluo Public Health Center. Motivation emerged as the most influential factor. It was recommended that the health center actively provide support and encouragement to patients suffering from hypertension.

Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment. However, in reality, many patients remain non-adherent to their prescribed therapy. Non-adherence can lead to serious complications such as stroke, kidney failure, or heart disease. One of the crucial factors that can improve treatment adherence is family support. This support may include attention, supervision, motivation, and practical assistance such as reminding patients of their medication schedules. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between family support and medication adherence among hypertensive patients at the Internal Medicine Specialist Polyclinic of RSSA Sangiang. This study employed a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 189 respondents were recruited using consecutive sampling. The research instruments consisted of a family support questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) to assess adherence. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test to determine the relationship between the two variables. The results showed that most respondents received family support at a moderate level (55.0%). Meanwhile, medication adherence among hypertensive patients was categorized as moderate in 49.2% of respondents. The Spearman test revealed a highly significant relationship between family support and medication adherence, with p=0.000 and a correlation coefficient r=0.832. In conclusion, family support plays a vital role in improving medication adherence among hypertensive patients. Therefore, healthcare providers are encouraged to involve families in the treatment process and provide continuous education to ensure adherence and prevent complications.

Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, posing serious health risks such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. The increasing prevalence of hypertension is mainly due to limited public knowledge about the risks associated with the condition and the importance of consistent, long-term medication adherence to prevent complications. This study aims to examine the relationship between the level of knowledge about hypertension and medication adherence among hypertensive patients. A quantitative research method with a descriptive correlational design was employed. Purposive sampling was used to select respondents, and the data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (53%), aged between 46 and 64 years (74%), had an elementary school education level (42%), worked as housewives (51%), and had been diagnosed with hypertension for an average of 7 to 10 years (46%). Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000 (α < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between the patients’ knowledge level and their adherence to antihypertensive medication. This finding emphasizes the need for continuous health education and counseling to enhance patients’ understanding of hypertension and its management. Effective communication and support strategies are essential in improving medication adherence, which is crucial for preventing hypertension-related complications and improving the quality of life for patients. These results provide valuable insights for healthcare providers to develop targeted interventions.

Hypertension, often referred to as high blood pressure, is a major global health problem that significantly increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure. Various complementary and alternative therapies have been explored to support conventional treatments in reducing blood pressure, one of which is smile therapy. This study aimed to analyze the effect of smile therapy on blood pressure among hypertensive patients at RSUI Harapan Anda Tegal. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest method. A total of sixty hypertensive patients were selected through exhaustive sampling. Data were collected before and after the intervention and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test to determine the statistical significance of changes in blood pressure. The demographic characteristics of participants showed that most were in their early to mid-forties (36 individuals, 60%), predominantly female (38 individuals, 63.3%), with a junior high school education or below (25 individuals, 41.7%), and unemployed (41 individuals, 71.7%). The findings indicated that prior to the intervention, 41 participants (68.3%) had uncontrolled blood pressure. After undergoing smile therapy, 48 participants (80%) demonstrated improvement with more stable blood pressure levels. Statistical analysis revealed a significant effect of smile therapy on reducing blood pressure with a p-value of 0.000. These results suggest that smile therapy can serve as an effective, simple, and low-cost complementary intervention to help hypertensive patients manage their condition and improve overall health outcomes

Heart failure or congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood optimally to meet the body's metabolic needs, resulting in symptoms such as shortness of breath, excessive fatigue, and edema (Majid, 2017). According to WHO data in 2023, CHF is one of the main causes of death with a total of 17.5 million deaths from a total of 58 million cases recorded worldwide. This paper aims to describe and provide an overview of nursing care for patient Mr. H who experiences cardiovascular system disorders in the form of CHF in the Dahlia room of Dr. Soeselo Regional Hospital, Tegal Regency in accordance with nursing practice standards. The method used is a descriptive method through a case study with data collection techniques using interviews and observations. From the results of the case review, the main complaint experienced by the patient was shortness of breath which was quite disruptive to daily activities. Based on this condition, four main nursing diagnoses were found, namely ineffective airway clearance, hypervolemia, activity intolerance, and knowledge deficits related to the disease and self-care. The interventions provided are based on theoretical references in the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards (IDHS) and the Indonesian Nursing Outcome Standards (SLHS), and are tailored to the patient's actual condition. The implemented action plan is expected to help reduce symptoms, improve the patient's ability to function, and provide a better understanding of CHF so that the patient can actively participate in the care process.

Heart failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO), one of the most non-communicable diseases in the world is cardiovascular disease, whose spectrum is heart failure. To diagnose heart failure, a clinical history, physical examination and investigations are required. This study aims to determine the characteristics of heart failure patients at the heart polyclinic of RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon City March 2022. This research is a descriptive study. The number of samples in the study was determined using a categorical descriptive formula and the samples were taken using a simple consecutiv sampling technique. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). The results showed that from 74 samples of heart failure patients, 37 people aged >60 years (50%), 42 men (56.8%), 55 people had a history of coronary heart disease (74.3%). , as many as 21 people had a history of hypertension grade 1 (35.1%), as many as 7 people had a history of diabetes mellitus (9.5%), as many as 27 people took diuretic drugs (36.5%), as many as 34 people had a history of smoking (45.9%), as many as 31 people had a history of hospitalization (41.9%), as many as 26 people had a history of arrhythmias (35.1%), as many as 8 people had a history of valve abnormalities (10.8%).

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease (NCD) with a high prevalence in Indonesia and is a major cause of serious complications, such as stroke, kidney failure, and heart disease. The high incidence of hypertension makes this disease a primary focus of NCD control efforts at the primary healthcare level. The Ulee Kareng Community Health Center has implemented a sustainable hypertension control program for the past three years with the aim of reducing the incidence of complications and improving patients' quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the hypertension control program using a logic model framework that encompasses five aspects: input, process, output, outcome, and impact. The research method used is descriptive analytic with a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data to obtain a comprehensive overview of program implementation. The results indicate that the hypertension control program at the Ulee Kareng Community Health Center has had a positive impact. In terms of output and outcome, there has been an increase in patient compliance with therapy prescribed by healthcare professionals, a decrease in blood pressure in the majority of patients, and a decrease in the number of hypertension-related complications. This indicates that the program is quite effective in achieving its intended goals. However, several challenges remain. The main problems lie in the suboptimal data recording system and the suboptimal delivery of health education. To improve the program's effectiveness in the future, recommendations include strengthening the monitoring and evaluation system, increasing the capacity of health workers and cadres through training, and developing innovative media and educational strategies to make information more easily understood and applied by the public.

Hypertension is a global health problem that plays a major role as a leading cause of premature death because it can lead to various serious cardiovascular complications, such as stroke, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. This condition is often characterized by complaints of severe headaches, especially in the nape of the neck, due to increased blood flow to the brain. In addition to medical therapy in the form of antihypertensive drugs, complementary therapies are also needed to support blood pressure reduction and improve the patient's quality of life. One method that has proven effective is slow deep breathing, a slow, deep breathing technique that helps activate the parasympathetic nervous system, reduce sympathetic activity, improve tissue oxygenation, and produce a relaxation effect that is beneficial in lowering blood pressure and reducing pain. This paper aims to describe the experience of nursing care for hypertensive patients using slow deep breathing therapy. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive with a case report design that is carried out through the stages of assessment, establishing a nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. Research data were obtained through interviews, direct observation, and physical examination. The results showed that after three consecutive days of therapy, the patient's pain scale decreased from 5 (moderate pain category) to 2 (mild pain category), while blood pressure, which was initially at 196/122 mmHg, successfully decreased to 140/90 mmHg. These results indicate that slow deep breathing plays an important role in lowering blood pressure and improving the comfort of hypertensive patients. In conclusion, slow deep breathing can be used as a simple, safe, inexpensive, and effective non-pharmacological intervention, and is highly recommended for patients to practice independently in their daily lives to prevent worsening hypertension and optimize disease control efforts.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that is common in the elderly and has a major impact on quality of life, especially through risk complications such as impaired vision, heart disease, kidney failure, and amputation. The elderly are often unaware of the early symptoms of diabetes because complaints are considered part of the aging process, such as fatigue or frequent urination. The Community Service Program (PKM) at Panti Werdha Hana aims to increase awareness of the elderly about the importance of early detection of diabetes through fasting blood sugar screening activities. This activity uses the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach which includes checking blood sugar levels with the Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) tool and educational counseling on risk factors and prevention of diabetes. The results showed that out of 76 participants, 8 people (10.53%) were identified as having diabetes, 9 people (11.84%) had prediabetes, and the rest had normal blood sugar levels. Early detection through screening has proven to be an important step in preventing diabetes progression and severe complications, as well as supporting the improvement of the quality of life of the elderly through timely interventions and ongoing education.

High blood pressure is a problem that is widely suffered by the community, especially in Indonesia. Hypertension that is not detected early and treated properly can trigger coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, chronic kidney failure, blindness due to hypertensive retinopathy and peripheral arterial disease. The purpose of community service is to lower blood pressure in people with hypertension. It is hoped that through this activity it will be a source of information to increase the knowledge of people with hypertension about finger grip gymnastics techniques to lower blood pressure. The implementation method in this community service is to carry out finger grip gymnastics activities and before the activity, blood pressure measurements are carried out. This community service activity was carried out on people with hypertension aged >40 years as many as 36 elderly people at the Posyandu, Bogoarum Village, Plaosan District, Magetan Regency, East Java Province. The results of the blood pressure of people with hypertension who participated in finger grip gymnastics obtained pretest blood pressure with a mean blood pressure value of 157.78 / 92.22 mmhg. While the posttest blood pressure with a mean blood pressure value of 145 / 83.3 mmhg. It was concluded that there was a decrease between the pretest and posttest blood pressure values. This service is expected to be a preventive recommendation that can be given to hypertension sufferers, namely so that the community remains active in participating in finger grip gymnastics activities that can be done routinely at the integrated health post so that it can reduce the number of hypertension complications.

Hypertension is one of the health problems, especially for hajj pilgrims, because hypertension is one of the entry points or risk factors for diseases such as heart disease, kidney failure, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. In 2024, cases of hajj pilgrims suffering from hypertension were 1,822 people (38.66%). This study aims to analyze the factors related to the incidence of hypertension in hajj pilgrims at the Aceh Embarkation. Quantitative research with a Cross Sectional Study approach using secondary data. The population is all hajj pilgrims at the Aceh Embarkation in 2024 totaling 4,713 people. The research sample is the total population. Bivariate data analysis with the chi-square test and multivariate with logistic regression. The results of the study obtained variables that have a significant relationship with hypertension are age (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 3.08–3.95; p-value = 0.0001), family history (OR = 2; 95% CI: 1.74-2.25; p-value = 0.0001). Obesity (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.14–1.44; p-value = 0.0001), diabetes (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.28–1.75; p-value = 0.0001) and poor physical fitness OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.48–1.89; p-value = 0.0001). The conclusion of this study is that the age variable is the most dominant variable with the incidence of hypertension in the Aceh Embarkation Hajj pilgrims.

Heart failure is the most common cardiovascular disease. Gambiran Regional Hospital has the 1st position of heart failure cases out of the top 10 diseases with the largest population in hospitalizations. To determine the prediction of heart failure disease in 2025-2028 which will increase or decrease. Using a descriptive research method, with a retrospective study research approach The population of all heart failure patients in 2021-2024 at Gambiran Regional Hospital, with a sampling technique of total sampling, the number of samples of inpatient heart failure patients in 2021-2024 at Gambiran Regional Hospital. Data collection was carried out by observation. The total number of heart failure patients increased significantly to 259 (2022). The trend has increased and decreased, the number of male patients jumped sharply to 150,3 (2024), while for women it jumped to 92,3 (2024). Overall, the prediction of the highest heart failure patient in 2028 will reach 316,2 while the lowest will be in 2025. The number of heart failure hospitalizations shows a trend of change that tends to increase during 2021–2024. Based on gender, male patients dominated visits. The 2025–2028 prediction predicts an increase in the number of patients, with the highest number in male patients and total visits reaching 316,2.: Hospitals can collaborate with local health departments to hold routine screening programs for those at high risk.

Degenerative diseases are chronic diseases that can affect a person's quality of life in the future. One example of degenerative diseases is diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Hypertension is defined as one of the most dangerous health problems worldwide because hypertension is a major risk factor that can cause cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack, heart failure, stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family history, type of work, and stress level on the incidence of hypertension in Kebonkalapa hamlet, Kutapohaci. The research method used a nonparametric test technique using the chi square statistical test and was processed using the IBM SPSS 25 application. The results of the analysis obtained from this study found that family history, type of work, and stress level were not associated with the incidence of hypertension in Kebonkalapa hamlet, Kutapohaci because the p-value was greater than 0.05.