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Churches and Christian institutions frequently face the challenge of congregations whose understanding of ministry remains confined to the spiritual dimension alone, while the holistic ministry mandate calls for active engagement across social, educational, and economic spheres. This study examines two primary objectives: first, how Christian Religious Education (CRE) shapes congregational understanding of holistic church ministry; and second, how CRE equips congregants with the concrete capacity to serve comprehensively. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed at Yayasan Sola Gratia Medan. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with seven informants comprising foundation leaders, program coordinators, active church members, volunteers, and beneficiaries. Analysis followed a thematic framework encompassing data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that: (1) consistent CRE implementation at Yayasan Sola Gratia has successfully shifted the congregational ministry paradigm from exclusively spiritual to holistically transformative; and (2) congregants who have internalized CRE values demonstrate more structured ministry capacity, stronger theological motivation, and significant cross-dimensional engagement. This research contributes a contextual CRE model relevant for church-based institutions operating in multidimensional urban environments.

The development of information and communication technology has increased the use of electronic documents in legal and business activities, thereby affecting the evidentiary system in Indonesian civil procedural law. This study aims to analyze the legal regulation of electronic evidence and its evidentiary strength in resolving civil cases under Indonesian civil procedural law. The research method used is normative juridical research with statutory and library research approaches. The data were obtained from primary and secondary legal materials and analyzed qualitatively. The results show that electronic evidence has been legally recognized through Law Number 11 of 2008 in conjunction with Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. Its evidentiary strength has the same legal position as other forms of evidence as long as it fulfills the requirements of authenticity, integrity, and validity of electronic data. Therefore, more detailed regulations regarding authentication standards and examination procedures for electronic evidence are still needed to ensure legal certainty in civil court practices.

Land rights disputes arising from overlapping land certificates remain a complex agrarian law issue frequently encountered in Indonesia. This phenomenon reflects weaknesses in the land administration system, particularly in data collection, land measurement, and certificate issuance. Such disputes create conflicts, legal uncertainty, and reduced public trust in the land registration system. In practice, these disputes are generally resolved through civil litigation procedures in the District Court. This study aims to comprehensively analyze civil procedural law in resolving land rights disputes involving overlapping certificates and to examine the evidentiary strength of land certificates in judicial proceedings. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that dispute resolution begins with the filing of a lawsuit, followed by mediation, court examination, and the evidentiary process as the most crucial stage in determining lawful ownership. Land certificates serve as strong evidence; however, they are not absolute, as they may be challenged if administrative or substantive legal defects are identified. Judges play a central role in assessing certificate validity by considering land history, physical possession, good faith, and compliance with legal procedures. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of dispute resolution still requires improvement through better land administration, enhanced data accuracy, and stronger institutional integration.

This study examines the foundational framework and evolving dynamics of Indonesian civil procedural law (Hukum Acara Perdata) amid its transformation from colonial legal heritage toward a modern, digitalized justice system. Using normative-doctrinal legal research methodology combined with empirical court statistics from 2022–2024, the study analyzes four dimensions: (1) core procedural principles rooted in the HIR and RBg; (2) the mandatory mediation framework under PERMA No. 1 of 2016; (3) the evolution of evidence law toward electronic evidence under the amended UU ITE (Law No. 1 of 2024); and (4) mechanisms of judicial decisions and legal remedies. Findings show that e-court implementation has dramatically increased efficiency minutasi productivity rose from 64.35% (2022) to 96.50% (2024)—while 594,816 users registered through e-court by 2023. The study concludes that Indonesia’s civil procedural law is actively adapting to technological disruption, though structural challenges such as digital inequality, electronic evidence authentication gaps, and regulatory harmonization remain unresolved.

The digital transformation of the Indonesian judicial system through the implementation of e-court and e-litigation necessitates a redefinition of conventional evidentiary laws, which have historically been governed by the Herziene Inlandsch Reglement (HIR) and the Rechtreglement voor de Buitengewesten (RBg). This research aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of electronic documents as expanded means of proof in civil proceedings and to identify the challenges regarding their implementation. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The findings indicate that based on the principle of functional equivalence, electronic documents hold a legal status equivalent to paper-based documents, provided they meet the requirements of integrity, accessibility, and authenticity through certified electronic signatures as mandated by Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. The evidentiary strength of an electronic document may reach the level of conclusive evidence, similar to an authentic deed, if supported by a reliable electronic system. However, implementation still faces technical hurdles concerning metadata verification and limited human resource competency within the judiciary. This research recommends the urgent need for a new codification of civil procedural law and the standardization of digital forensic procedures in trials to ensure legal certainty and justice for all parties in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze strategies for increasing reading interest in developing a literate generation among elementary school students and to identify factors influencing literacy culture within school and family environments. The phenomenon of low reading interest among elementary school students has become a significant concern because the rapid development of digital technology tends to shift students’ attention from reading activities to audiovisual entertainment. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using a case study method at SDN 1 Notoharjo. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The participants consisted of one classroom teacher and four third-grade students of SDN 1 Notoharjo. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was tested using source triangulation and method triangulation. The findings revealed that literacy strengthening was implemented through morning reading activities, book discussions, the use of visual and digital media such as e-books, and the utilization of reading corners and school libraries. The study also found that students’ reading interest was influenced by the availability of reading materials, the comfort of literacy environments, family support, and the dominant use of gadgets for entertainment purposes. This study contributes scientifically by strengthening the concept of collaborative literacy involving schools, families, and digital technology in developing reading culture among elementary school students. The findings imply the need for more integrated, adaptive, and sustainable literacy programs to improve students’ reading interest in the digital era.  

This study aims to analyze the participation of the faithful in the Sacrament of Penance and to identify the pastoral challenges influencing its practice in the Vicariate of West Sulawesi, Archdiocese of Makassar. Theologically, the Sacrament of Penance serves as a means of reconciliation that restores the relationship between humanity, God, and the Church. However, in contemporary contexts, its practice encounters various social, psychological, and pastoral dynamics. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach involving 267 respondents from four parishes through questionnaire distribution. The data were analyzed using percentage-based statistics to map participation frequency, spiritual motivation, level of understanding, post-sacramental experiences, and perceived obstacles. The findings indicate that although most respondents demonstrate strong theological understanding, sincere spiritual motivation, and positive spiritual experiences after receiving absolution, participation remains largely seasonal and periodic. The principal challenges include psychological factors such as shame and anxiety, structural limitations related to schedule and accessibility, and formative deficiencies such as insufficient ongoing catechesis. The study concludes that the primary issue is not a crisis of faith in the sacrament itself, but a gap between theological awareness and concrete practice, thus calling for more dialogical, communicative, and contextual pastoral renewal.

The presence of Generation Z, who grew up entirely in the digital era, has triggered a fundamental transformation in Muslim religious practices, where social media has replaced conventional religious institutions as the primary source of religious information. This condition creates a paradox: Gen Z has become a generation that is highly religious online, yet is often disconnected from physical communities and traditional religious authorities. This study aims to analyze the character of Muslim Gen Z religiosity, identify its forming factors, and examine the impact of the digital era on their religiosity. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using a library research method. The findings indicate that Muslim Gen Z religiosity is characterized by personalization, flexibility, and digital spirituality, strongly influenced by social media. These characteristics are shaped by massive digital technology accessibility, the effectiveness of contextual Islamic preaching on platforms such as TikTok, as well as spiritual needs and social pressure from the digital environment. The digital era brings positive impacts in the form of increased accessibility and religious literacy, but also negative impacts including shallow religious understanding, vulnerability to information bias, and potential exposure to extreme ideologies. This study implies the importance of an integrated digital religious literacy strategy through critical thinking-based Islamic Religious Education curriculum reform, enhancement of educators' digital capacity, and cross-sector collaboration to strengthen Gen Z's moderate and reflective religious understanding.

This study was conducted based on the low level of student activeness and understanding in IPAS learning at the elementary school level. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of the role play method in improving students’ activeness and learning outcomes. This study employed a classroom action research approach involving 27 students. The data were collected through observation and evaluation of student learning outcomes. The findings revealed a significant improvement in both student participation and understanding after the implementation of the role play method. Students became more active in asking questions, responding to the teacher, and participating in classroom activities. In terms of learning outcomes, 85.2% of students were able to answer questions correctly and demonstrated good understanding, while the remaining 14.8% also achieved the minimum criteria. These results indicate that learning through direct experience enhances students’ comprehension. The implication of this study suggests that the role play method can be used as an effective alternative teaching strategy to create an interactive, engaging, and student-centered learning environment in elementary education.

This study is motivated by the increasing complexity of global culture, which demands a value system capable of providing direction and meaning in human life. In this context, Islam is viewed as having the potential to serve as a global value system through a cultural concept grounded in revelatory values. This study aims to analyze the concept of culture from an Islamic perspective as a global value system by examining the thought of Ali Ahmad Madkur. The method used is a qualitative approach based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), systematically and critically examining various relevant scientific literature. The results of the study indicate that Islamic culture in Madkur’s thought is built upon two main dimensions: the normative dimension, which is derived from the Qur’an and Sunnah, and the practical dimension as its actualization in social life. Although this approach has strengths in maintaining the integrity of values, it still faces challenges in responding to the complex, dynamic, and hybrid nature of global cultural dynamics. Therefore, a more integrative approach is needed to ensure that Islamic cultural values remain relevant and operational in a global context. This study has implications for strengthening more contextual studies of Islamic culture and developing Islamic education that is adaptive to the changing times.

The field of education, especially Islamic Religious Education (PAI), has seen substantial changes as a result of the advancement of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI). The existence of digital media and AI offers numerous opportunities to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of education through interactive, flexible, and easily accessible learning resources. The purpose of this article is to analyze how artificial intelligence (AI) and digital media are used in Islamic Religious Education. This includes the idea of AI and digital media, AI-based learning materials, the use of AI in educational activities, ethical considerations of AI use, the effects and difficulties of integrating AI, and the Islamic viewpoint on technological advancement. This study employed a library research method by collecting data from relevant journals, books, and other scholarly sources. The findings indicate that the use of AI and digital media in PAI learning can enhance access to information, personalize learning experiences, improve evaluation effectiveness, and increase student engagement in the learning process. However, the implementation of AI also presents several challenges, such as limited digital literacy among teachers, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, ethical concerns, and the potential decline of direct educational interaction between teachers and students. Therefore, the utilization of AI in Islamic Religious Education should be carried out wisely while maintaining Islamic values, ethics, and the primary goal of Islamic education in shaping students’ character.

Inclusive education aims to provide equal learning opportunities for all students, including those with special needs, within regular educational settings. However, mathematics learning in inclusive classrooms remains challenging because mathematical concepts are often abstract and require logical reasoning that may not be easily accessible to learners with diverse cognitive characteristics. Ethnomathematics has emerged as an alternative approach by integrating cultural practices, local wisdom, and students’ daily experiences into mathematics instruction, creating more meaningful and accessible learning environments. This study aims to analyze the development, implementation patterns, opportunities, and research gaps related to ethnomathematics in inclusive mathematics learning. A literature review method was employed by examining scientific publications from 2020–2025 obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, ERIC, Springer, and ProQuest databases. Data were analyzed through content analysis involving reduction, classification, interpretation, and synthesis. The findings indicate that ethnomathematics has been implemented through cultural artifacts, digital teaching materials, and project-based contextual learning. The approach supports inclusive learning through multi-representational access, instructional adaptations, scaffolding strategies, and collaborative teaching practices aligned with Universal Design for Learning principles. Furthermore, ethnomathematics enhances students’ motivation, conceptual understanding, mathematical literacy, and cultural identity. Nevertheless, studies focusing on disability-specific adaptations and long-term learning outcomes remain limited and require further investigation.

This study aims to develop a financial saving application to improve the saving habits of students, particularly in Islamic boarding schools, through an adaptive challenge approach. The system integrates a mobile iOS application with a backend service and Large Language Model (LLM) processing via Ollama. Transaction data entered by users is processed by the backend to generate contextual and personalized saving challenges, applying Reinforcement Learning concepts in an adaptive and data-driven manner. The research adopts a descriptive quantitative method using surveys and system testing with 50 respondents. Results indicate that the application functions as designed, with no significant bugs detected. User evaluation shows high satisfaction, with an average score of 4.3 out of 5, covering ease of use, interface design, and increased awareness of saving. The combination of gamification, reward systems, and adaptive personalization successfully motivates users to save regularly. This system demonstrates the potential of integrating AI-driven personalization to strengthen financial literacy and healthy financial habits among students in a fun and interactive way.methods, and a summary of the results. The abstract should end with a comment about the significance of the results or conclusions brief.

The dissemination of personal data through digital media has increased significantly alongside the growing use of Quick Response (QR) Codes for various purposes, such as electronic tickets, certificates, and digital identities. Conventional QR Codes are open and can be easily scanned, copied, or manipulated by unauthorized parties. The personal data referred to in this study includes sensitive information such as full name, identity number (NIK/National ID), date of birth, address, phone number, and email address. This research proposes a layered security system that combines the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptographic algorithm with steganography using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) method. The process begins with encrypting personal data using AES, converting the encrypted result into a QR Code, and embedding the QR Code into a digital image using DCT, hiding it in the image’s frequency domain. The digital images used are of fixed size and formats that preserve visual quality. System evaluation is carried out by testing the visual quality of the stego image, the success rate of QR Code extraction, and the integrity of the encrypted data. The results are expected to conceal sensitive information visually while maintaining its confidentiality, with potential applications in electronic ID cards, digital certificates, e-tickets, and other confidential documents.

This study aims to analyze public sentiment toward the hashtag #KaburAjaDulu, which has circulated widely on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter). The hashtag reflects the growing anxiety among the public, especially younger generations, regarding socio-political issues in Indonesia. The data were collected using web scraping techniques, focusing on user-generated tweets that contain the hashtag. A comprehensive text preprocessing phase was conducted to clean the raw data by removing irrelevant elements such as URLs, emojis, numbers, and punctuation. The research applies a hybrid classification approach using a combination of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest algorithms to categorize sentiment into three classes: positive, negative, and neutral. The performance of the model was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score to determine the effectiveness of the classification. The study aims to demonstrate that combining algorithms can improve classification performance compared to using a single algorithm. This research contributes to the field of sentiment analysis and provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and social observers in understanding public opinion trends in digital media.

Early detection of a potential heart attack is a crucial step in preventing sudden death from heart disease. This research aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based health monitoring system capable of measuring vital body data in real time and predicting the likelihood of a heart attack from CSV data obtained from sensors, integrated through RapidMiner as learning data using a machine learning algorithm, the Support Vector Machine (SVM). The system was built using an ESP32 microcontroller connected to a MAX30102 sensor to measure heart rate and finger oxygen levels (SpO₂), as well as a DHT22 sensor to measure temperature and humidity. The resulting data is sent to the Blynk application to display real-time data according to its parameters. The initial prediction logic was developed using a rule-based method based on medical thresholds for four vital parameters. The data was then used to train an SVM model as a classification system to detect potential heart attacks. Test results showed that the system can identify abnormal conditions with a good level of accuracy and provide early warnings based on changes in vital parameters in real time. This system is expected to be an initial solution for personal health monitoring, especially for individuals at risk of heart disease. It can be further developed with cloud integration and automatic notifications to users' devices.

The rapid growth of digital commerce has encouraged companies to integrate digital and physical marketing channels to create seamless and consistent customer experiences. This study aims to analyze the role of integrated marketing channels through omnichannel strategies, the utilization of Artificial intelligence (AI), and their impact on customer experience in the context of digital commerce. The study employs a Systematic literature review (SLR) approach by examining relevant scholarly articles related to omnichannel marketing, AI technologies, and customer experience. The findings indicate that integrated marketing channels supported by AI enhance service personalization, customer engagement, operational efficiency, and the quality of interactions between companies and customers. Furthermore, the implementation of omnichannel strategies contributes to higher customer satisfaction and loyalty by providing a more connected experience across multiple customer touchpoints. However, the implementation of integrated marketing channels still faces several challenges, including fragmented channel integration, technological complexity, high investment requirements, and concerns regarding customer data privacy and security. Therefore, effective management of integrated marketing channels is essential for improving customer experience while creating sustainable competitive advantages for companies in an increasingly dynamic digital era.

Bullying is a serious problem that can disrupt the learning process and mental development of students, including in Islamic boarding schools. Early detection of bullying is essential to creating a safe and conducive learning environment. This study aims to apply the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm to automatically detect bullying through video recordings in the environment of the SMK Skill Village Islamic School Business Boarding School. The method used involves collecting a video dataset representing various types of bullying behavior, labeling the data, and training an object detection model using the YOLOv5 algorithm. The developed system is capable of detecting and classifying bullying behavior in real- time with detection accuracy reaching [accuracy value if known]. The implementation of this system is expected to assist school authorities and boarding school administrators in monitoring, preventing, and addressing bullying incidents more quickly and effectively, while also serving as an initial step in leveraging artificial intelligence technology to create a safer and more comfortable educational environment.

The development of social media, especially TWITTER, has become one of the main means for people to express opinions and criticism on various issues, including the performance of law in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze public sentiment towards the performance of law based on TWITTER user comments using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. The research data consists of 1004 comments collected from several videos related to legal topics. The analysis process includes the stages of data crawling, pre- processing (text cleaning, normalization, and tokenization), labeling sentiment into positive, negative, and neutral, and testing the Naïve Bayes model. The results show that the Naïve Bayes algorithm is able to classify sentiment with an accuracy level of 93.73%. The distribution of sentiment from 1004 comments shows that the majority of public opinion is (negative/positive/neutral), which indicates that public perception of the performance of law is still (critical/positive). These findings are expected to be input for related parties to understand public opinion and improve the quality of legal performance in

SR12 Herbal Cosmetics is a company engaged in the field of herbal and skin care. Founded in 2015 byToni Firmansyah, S. Farm., Apt. and Asrianty Salam, Farm. This company has a vision to provide benefits to many people through the herbal and skin care products they produce. SR12 Herbal Cosmetics products are formulated based on research from certified scientists, and have been tested at the Sucofindo Laboratory, are free of mercury and hydroquinone, and have been registered with the Indonesian Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM RI). SR12 Herbal Cosmetics has several factories in West Java Province and has an extensive distribution network with hundreds of distributors and tens of thousands of partners throughout Indonesia. The goal to be achieved is to produce a management information system model including a management information system for PT SR12 Herbal Cosmetics. The research object chosen is a company in the field of cosmetics and skin care which has its head office in Gunung Sindur, West Java. This selection aims to form a management information system design model that is able to produce relevant and timely information for planning, controlling, decision making and evaluating the performance of activities. For the Web-Based Instagram Content Management Information System Design project to Support SR12 Herbal Cosmetics' Brand Awareness, I used Agile (Scrum) due to the dynamic nature of digital marketing and potential changes to the Instagram API or business needs. This allowed SR12 to get core functionality faster and provide iterative feedback, ensuring the system built was truly relevant to their brand awareness needs.